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Satoh S, Nishida Y, Saeki T, Kawasaka K, Kohda M, Awata S. The functional role of sibling aggression and “best of a bad job” strategies in cichlid juveniles. Behav Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araa150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Siblings often compete for limited resources, such as food provided by their parents. However, although several functions of nonlethal sibling (nonsiblicidal) aggression have been proposed, there is currently little empirical evidence for these, apart from food monopolization. Here, we investigated the functions of nonlethal sibling aggression in the biparental-caring territorial herbivorous cichlid Varibilichromis moorii. We found that the juveniles of this species are highly aggressive and that larger juveniles are more aggressive toward their smaller siblings. Larger juveniles feed on algae more frequently than smaller siblings, thereby indicating a dominance hierarchy. Sibling aggression decreased when algae in the nest was experimentally removed. Furthermore, the removal of smaller juveniles decreased sibling aggression among the remaining larger juveniles, whereas the removal of larger juveniles increased aggression among smaller juveniles. The algal feeding rate of juveniles only increased when larger individuals were removed from the nest. Moreover, larger juveniles attained higher growth rates and remained in natal nests longer than smaller individuals. Our results indicate that sibling aggression may facilitate the monopolization of resources by larger juveniles and extend the parental care period. Interestingly, a small subset of juveniles was observed to migrate to other nests. These juveniles were larger than those of the host brood, and their growth rate increased within the new nests. We suggest that subordinate juveniles may disperse from natal nests and sneak into new nests to enhance their rank, which may represent a novel example of a “best of a bad job” strategy associated with sibling competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Satoh
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Miura, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuusuke Nishida
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taiga Saeki
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kento Kawasaka
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori Kohda
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Awata
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, Japan
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Redondo T, Romero JM, Díaz‐Delgado R, Nagy J. Broodmate aggression and life history variation in accipitrid birds of prey. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:9185-9206. [PMID: 31463015 PMCID: PMC6706193 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggressive sibling competition for parental food resources is relatively infrequent in animals but highly prevalent and extreme among certain bird families, particularly accipitrid raptors (Accipitriformes). Intense broodmate aggression within this group is associated with a suite of traits including a large adult size, small broods, low provisioning rates, and slow development. In this study, we apply phylogenetic comparative analyses to assess the relative importance of several behavioral, morphological, life history, and ecological variables as predictors of the intensity of broodmate aggression in 65 species of accipitrid raptors. We show that intensity of aggression increases in species with lower parental effort (small clutch size and low provisioning rates), while size effects (adult body mass and length of nestling period) are unimportant. Intense aggression is more closely related to a slow life history pace (high adult survival coupled with a restrained parental effort), rather than a by-product of allometry or food limitation. Consideration of several ecological variables affecting prey abundance and availability reveals that certain lifestyles (e.g., breeding in aseasonal habitats or hunting for more agile prey) may slow a species' life history pace and favor the evolution of intense broodmate aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jenő Nagy
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human BiologyUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
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Furness AI, Morrison KR, Orr TJ, Arendt JD, Reznick DN. Reproductive mode and the shifting arenas of evolutionary conflict. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1360:75-100. [PMID: 26284738 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In sexually reproducing organisms, the genetic interests of individuals are not perfectly aligned. Conflicts among family members are prevalent since interactions involve the transfer of limited resources between interdependent players. Intrafamilial conflict has traditionally been considered along three major axes: between the sexes, between parents and offspring, and between siblings. In these interactions, conflict is expected over traits in which the resulting phenotypic value is determined by multiple family members who have only partially overlapping fitness optima. We focus on four major categories of animal reproductive mode (broadcast spawning, egg laying, live bearing, and live bearing with matrotrophy) and identify the shared phenotypes or traits over which conflict is expected, and then review the empirical literature for evidence of their occurrence. Major transitions among reproductive mode, such as a shift from external to internal fertilization, an increase in egg-retention time, modifications of embryos and mothers for nutrient transfer, the evolution of postnatal parental care, and increased interaction with the kin network, mark key shifts that both change and expand the arenas in which conflict is played out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew I Furness
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, California.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Keenan R Morrison
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, California
| | - Teri J Orr
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, California.,Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Jeff D Arendt
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, California
| | - David N Reznick
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, California
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Hinton MG, Bendelow A, Lantz S, Wey TW, Schoen L, Brockett R, Karubian J. Patterns of aggression among captive american flamingos (Phoenicopterus ruber). Zoo Biol 2013; 32:445-53. [DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell G. Hinton
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Tulane University; New Orleans; Louisiana
| | - Annie Bendelow
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Tulane University; New Orleans; Louisiana
| | - Samantha Lantz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Tulane University; New Orleans; Louisiana
| | - Tina W. Wey
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy; University of California at Davis; Davis; California
| | - Lee Schoen
- Audubon Zoo; Audubon Nature Institute; New Orleans; Louisiana
| | - Robin Brockett
- Audubon Zoo; Audubon Nature Institute; New Orleans; Louisiana
| | - Jordan Karubian
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Tulane University; New Orleans; Louisiana
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Hardenberg AV, Gonzalez-Voyer A. DISENTANGLING EVOLUTIONARY CAUSE-EFFECT RELATIONSHIPS WITH PHYLOGENETIC CONFIRMATORY PATH ANALYSIS. Evolution 2012; 67:378-87. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01790.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Homosexual behaviour in birds: frequency of expression is related to parental care disparity between the sexes. Anim Behav 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2010.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sibling competition and conspicuousness of nestling gapes in altricial birds: a comparative study. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10509. [PMID: 20463902 PMCID: PMC2865545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nestlings of altricial birds capture parents' attention through conspicuous visual displays, including exposure of their gape coloration which informs parents about their level of need, competitive ability or health; information that parents use for deciding food allocation among their offspring. Thus, because nestlings compete with nest mates for parental care, nestling conspicuousness is expected to increase with level of sibling competition along bird phylogeny. Methodology/Principal Findings We test this prediction by jointly using information of brood reduction, clutch size and duration of nestling period as proxies for intensity of sibling competition, and visual models that assess detectability of nestlings by adult birds. As predicted, we found a positive association between nestling conspicuousness and intensity of brood reduction, while clutch size and duration of nestling period did not enter in the best models. Level of brood reduction was positively related with the achromatic component of nestling conspicuousness and body mass was negatively related with the chromatic component. Conclusions These associations are in agreement with the hypothesis that sibling competition for parental attention has driven the evolution of visual nestling conspicuousness in a context of parent-offspring communication in altricial birds.
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Moskát C, Hauber ME. Chick loss from mixed broods reflects severe nestmate competition between an evictor brood parasite and its hosts. Behav Processes 2010; 83:311-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2010.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2009] [Revised: 12/19/2009] [Accepted: 01/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hodge S, Thornton A, Flower T, Clutton-Brock T. Food limitation increases aggression in juvenile meerkats. Behav Ecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arp071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Faircloth BC, Ramos A, Drummond H, Gowaty PA. Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from blue-footed boobies (Sula nebouxii). CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-009-9038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hauber ME, Moskát C. Shared parental care is costly for nestlings of common cuckoos and their great reed warbler hosts. Behav Ecol 2007. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arm108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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