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Cerasti F, Mastrantonio V, Dallai R, Cristofaro M, Porretta D. Applying Satyrization to Insect Pest Control: The Case of the Spotted Wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura. INSECTS 2023; 14:569. [PMID: 37367385 DOI: 10.3390/insects14060569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii represents one of the major agricultural pests worldwide. The identification of safety and long-lasting tools to suppress its populations is therefore crucial to mitigate the environmental and economic damages due to its occurrence. Here, we explore the possibility of using satyrization as a tool to control the abundance of D. suzukii. By using males of D. melanogaster, we realized courtship tests, spermathecae analysis, and multiple-choice experiments to assess the occurrence and extent of pre- and post-zygotic isolation between the two species, as well as the occurrence of fitness costs in D. suzukii females due to satyrization. Our results showed that: (i) D. melanogaster males successfully courted D. suzukii females; (ii) D. melanogaster males significantly affected the total courtship time of D. suzukii males, which reduced from 22.6% to 6.4%; (iii) D. melanogaster males were able to inseminate D. suzukii and reduce their offspring, inducing a high fitness cost. Reproductive interference occurs at different steps between D. melanogaster and D. suzukii, both alone and in combination with other area-wide control approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Cerasti
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Romano Dallai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Porretta
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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2
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Banho CA, Oliveira DS, Haudry A, Fablet M, Vieira C, Carareto CMA. Transposable Element Expression and Regulation Profile in Gonads of Interspecific Hybrids of Drosophila arizonae and Drosophila mojavensis wrigleyi. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123574. [PMID: 34944084 PMCID: PMC8700503 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interspecific hybridization may lead to sterility and/or inviability through differential expression of genes and transposable elements (TEs). In Drosophila, studies have reported massive TE mobilization in hybrids from interspecific crosses of species presenting high divergence times. However, few studies have examined the consequences of TE mobilization upon hybridization in recently diverged species, such as Drosophila arizonae and D. mojavensis. We have sequenced transcriptomes of D. arizonae and the subspecies D. m. wrigleyi and their reciprocal hybrids, as well as piRNAs, to analyze the impact of genomic stress on TE regulation. Our results revealed that the differential expression in both gonadal tissues of parental species was similar. Globally, ovaries and testes showed few deregulated TEs compared with both parental lines. Analyses of small RNA data showed that in ovaries, the TE upregulation is likely due to divergence of copies inherited from parental genomes and lack of piRNAs mapping to them. Nevertheless, in testes, the divergent expression of genes associated with chromatin state and piRNA pathway potentially indicates that TE differential expression is related to the divergence of regulatory genes that play a role in modulating transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Artico Banho
- Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil; (C.A.B.); (D.S.O.)
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.H.); (M.F.)
| | - Daniel Siqueira Oliveira
- Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil; (C.A.B.); (D.S.O.)
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.H.); (M.F.)
| | - Annabelle Haudry
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.H.); (M.F.)
| | - Marie Fablet
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.H.); (M.F.)
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), F-75231 Paris, France
| | - Cristina Vieira
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.H.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence: (C.V.); (C.M.A.C.)
| | - Claudia Marcia Aparecida Carareto
- Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil; (C.A.B.); (D.S.O.)
- Correspondence: (C.V.); (C.M.A.C.)
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3
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Banho CA, Mérel V, Oliveira TYK, Carareto CMA, Vieira C. Comparative transcriptomics between Drosophila mojavensis and D. arizonae reveals transgressive gene expression and underexpression of spermatogenesis-related genes in hybrid testes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9844. [PMID: 33972659 PMCID: PMC8110761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interspecific hybridization is a stressful condition that can lead to sterility and/or inviability through improper gene regulation in Drosophila species with a high divergence time. However, the extent of these abnormalities in hybrids of recently diverging species is not well known. Some studies have shown that in Drosophila, the mechanisms of postzygotic isolation may evolve more rapidly in males than in females and that the degree of viability and sterility is associated with the genetic distance between species. Here, we used transcriptomic comparisons between two Drosophila mojavensis subspecies and D. arizonae (repleta group, Drosophila) and identified greater differential gene expression in testes than in ovaries. We tested the hypothesis that the severity of the interspecies hybrid phenotype is associated with the degree of gene misregulation. We showed limited gene misregulation in fertile females and an increase in the amount of misregulation in males with more severe sterile phenotypes (motile vs. amotile sperm). In addition, for these hybrids, we identified candidate genes that were mostly associated with spermatogenesis dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia A Banho
- Department of Biology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo State (SP), Brazil.,Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS, UMR 5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vincent Mérel
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS, UMR 5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thiago Y K Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claudia M A Carareto
- Department of Biology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo State (SP), Brazil
| | - Cristina Vieira
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS, UMR 5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
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Peccoud J, Pleydell DRJ, Sauvion N. A framework for estimating the effects of sequential reproductive barriers: Implementation using Bayesian models with field data from cryptic species. Evolution 2018; 72:2503-2512. [PMID: 30194777 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Determining how reproductive barriers modulate gene flow between populations represents a major step toward understanding the factors shaping the course of speciation. Although many indices quantifying reproductive isolation (RI) have been proposed, they do not permit the quantification of cross-direction-specific RI under varying species frequencies and over arbitrary sequences of barriers. Furthermore, techniques quantifying associated uncertainties are lacking, and statistical methods unrelated to biological process are still preferred for obtaining confidence intervals and P-values. To address these shortcomings, we provide new RI indices that model changes in gene flow for both directions of hybridization, and we implement them in a Bayesian model. We use this model to quantify RI between two species of the psyllid Cacopsylla pruni based on field genotypic data for mating individuals, inseminated spermatophores and progeny. The results showed that preinsemination isolation was strong, mildly asymmetric, and indistinguishably different between study sites despite large differences in species frequencies; that postinsemination isolation strongly affected the more common hybrid type; and that cumulative isolation was close to complete. In the light of these results, we discuss how these developments can strengthen comparative RI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Peccoud
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, INRA, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France.,Current Address: Laboratoire Écologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR 7267 CNRS, Université de Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France
| | - David R J Pleydell
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, INRA, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France.,Current Address: UMR Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Écosystèmes, INRA, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Sauvion
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, INRA, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
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5
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Experimental hybridization in allopatric species of the Drosophila repleta group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): implications for the mode of speciation. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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6
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Reproductive Isolation Among Drosophila arizonae from Geographically Isolated Regions of North America. Evol Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-016-9393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Comeault AA, Matute DR. Reinforcement's incidental effects on reproductive isolation between conspecifics. Curr Zool 2016; 62:135-143. [PMID: 29491901 PMCID: PMC5804225 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zow002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Reinforcement—the process whereby maladaptive hybridization leads to the strengthening of prezygotic isolation between species—has a long history in the study of speciation. Because reinforcement affects traits involved in mate choice and fertility, it can have indirect effects on reproductive isolation between populations within species. Here we review examples of these “cascading effects of reinforcement” (CER) and discuss different mechanisms through which they can arise. We discuss three factors that are predicted to influence the potential occurrence of CER: rates of gene flow among populations, the strength of selection acting on the traits involved in reinforcement, and the genetic basis of those traits. We suggest that CER is likely if (1) the rate of gene flow between conspecific populations is low; (2) divergent selection acts on phenotypes involved in reinforcement between sympatric and allopatric populations; and (3) the genetic response to reinforcement differs among conspecific populations subject to parallel reinforcing selection. Future work continuing to address gene flow, selection, and the genetic basis of the traits involved in the reinforcement will help develop a better understanding of reinforcement as a process driving the production of species diversity, both directly and incidentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron A Comeault
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina, 250 Bell Tower Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Daniel R Matute
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina, 250 Bell Tower Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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8
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Ala-Honkola O, Ritchie MG, Veltsos P. Postmating-prezygotic isolation between two allopatric populations of Drosophila montana: fertilisation success differs under sperm competition. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:1679-91. [PMID: 27087932 PMCID: PMC4801965 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Postmating but prezygotic (PMPZ) interactions are increasingly recognized as a potentially important early‐stage barrier in the evolution of reproductive isolation. A recent study described a potential example between populations of the same species: single matings between Drosophila montana populations resulted in differential fertilisation success because of the inability of sperm from one population (Vancouver) to penetrate the eggs of the other population (Colorado). As the natural mating system of D. montana is polyandrous (females remate rapidly), we set up double matings of all possible crosses between the same populations to test whether competitive effects between ejaculates influence this PMPZ isolation. We measured premating isolation in no‐choice tests, female fecundity, fertility and egg‐to‐adult viability after single and double matings as well as second‐male paternity success (P2). Surprisingly, we found no PMPZ reproductive isolation between the two populations under a competitive setting, indicating no difficulty of sperm from Vancouver males to fertilize Colorado eggs after double matings. While there were subtle differences in how P2 changed over time, suggesting that Vancouver males’ sperm are somewhat less competitive in a first‐male role within Colorado females, these effects did not translate into differences in overall P2. Fertilisation success can thus differ dramatically between competitive and noncompetitive conditions, perhaps because the males that mate second produce higher quality ejaculates in response to sperm competition. We suggest that unlike in more divergent species comparisons, where sperm competition typically increases reproductive isolation, ejaculate tailoring can reduce the potential for PMPZ isolation when recently diverged populations interbreed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Outi Ala-Honkola
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of Jyvaskyla PO Box 35 FI- 40014 Jyvaskyla Finland
| | - Michael G Ritchie
- Centre for Biological Diversity School of Biology University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9TS UK
| | - Paris Veltsos
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Biophore Building Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
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9
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Jennings JH, Snook RR, Hoikkala A. Reproductive isolation among allopatric Drosophila montana populations. Evolution 2015; 68:3095-108. [PMID: 25302639 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An outstanding goal in speciation research is to trace the mode and tempo of the evolution of barriers to gene flow. Such research benefits from studying incipient speciation, in which speciation between populations has not yet occurred, but where multiple potential mechanisms of reproductive isolation (RI: i.e., premating, postmating-prezygotic (PMPZ), and postzygotic barriers) may act. We used such a system to investigate these barriers among allopatric populations of Drosophila montana. In all heteropopulation crosses we found premating (sexual) isolation, which was either symmetric or asymmetric depending on the population pair compared. Postmating isolation was particularly strong in crosses involving males from one of the study populations, and while sperm were successfully transferred, stored, and motile, we experimentally demonstrated that the majority of eggs produced were unfertilized. Thus, we identified the nature of a PMPZ incompatibility. There was no evidence of intrinsic postzygotic effects. Measures of absolute and relative strengths of pre- and postmating barriers showed that populations differed in the mode and magnitude of RI barriers. Our results indicate that incipient RI among populations can be driven by different contributions of both premating and PMPZ barriers occurring between different population pairs and without the evolution of postzygotic barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson H Jennings
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland; Current Address: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72701
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10
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Matute DR. Noisy neighbors can hamper the evolution of reproductive isolation by reinforcing selection. Am Nat 2015; 185:253-69. [PMID: 25616143 DOI: 10.1086/679504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Reinforcement is the process by which selection against hybridization leads to an increase in reproductive isolation. The influence of reinforcing selection can be detected when sympatric individuals (those from areas of secondary contact) show a higher degree of prezygotic isolation than allopatric individuals (those from areas outside each other's range). In areas of secondary contact with Drosophila santomea, Drosophila yakuba females show reinforcement of gametic isolation but not behavioral isolation, despite the fact that both behavioral and gametic isolation evolve in D. yakuba in experimental sympatry. Using behavioral assays and experimental evolution, I studied how both gametic and behavioral isolation are affected by biotic factors that the two species encounter in their natural environment. I show that if D. yakuba females are in environments where D. yakuba, D. santomea, and males from other species coexist, these females cannot fully discern between conspecific and heterospecific males. In such complex environments, gametic but not behavioral isolation evolves. The presence of nonhybridizing species can constrain the effect of reinforcement on behavioral isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Matute
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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11
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Etges WJ. No boundaries: genomes, organisms, and ecological interactions responsible for divergence and reproductive isolation. J Hered 2014; 105 Suppl 1:756-70. [PMID: 25149252 PMCID: PMC4170711 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esu039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Revealing the genetic basis of traits that cause reproductive isolation, particularly premating or sexual isolation, usually involves the same challenges as most attempts at genotype-phenotype mapping and so requires knowledge of how these traits are expressed in different individuals, populations, and environments, particularly under natural conditions. Genetic dissection of speciation phenotypes thus requires understanding of the internal and external contexts in which underlying genetic elements are expressed. Gene expression is a product of complex interacting factors internal and external to the organism including developmental programs, the genetic background including nuclear-cytotype interactions, epistatic relationships, interactions among individuals or social effects, stochasticity, and prevailing variation in ecological conditions. Understanding of genomic divergence associated with reproductive isolation will be facilitated by functional expression analysis of annotated genomes in organisms with well-studied evolutionary histories, phylogenetic affinities, and known patterns of ecological variation throughout their life cycles. I review progress and prospects for understanding the pervasive role of host plant use on genetic and phenotypic expression of reproductive isolating mechanisms in cactophilic Drosophila mojavensis and suggest how this system can be used as a model for revealing the genetic basis for species formation in organisms where speciation phenotypes are under the joint influences of genetic and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Etges
- From Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, 1 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR.
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12
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Singh A, Singh BN. Role of sexual selection in speciation in Drosophila. Genetica 2013; 142:23-41. [PMID: 24362558 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-013-9751-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The power of sexual selection to drive changes in the mate recognition system through divergence in sexually selected traits gives it the potential to be a potent force in speciation. To know how sexual selection can bring such type of divergence in the genus Drosophila, comparative studies based on intra- and inter-sexual selection are documented in this review. The studies provide evidence that both mate choice and male-male competition can cause selection of trait and preference which thereby leads to divergence among species. In the case of intrasexual selection, various kinds of signals play significant role in affecting the species mate recognition system and hence causing divergence between the species. However, intrasexual selection can bring the intraspecific divergence at the level of pre- and post-copulatory stage. This has been better explained through Hawaiian Drosophila which has been suggested a wonderful model system in explaining the events of speciation via sexual selection. This is due to their elaborate mating displays and some kind of ethological isolation persisting among them. Similarly, the genetic basis of sexually selected variations can provide yet another path in understanding the speciation genetics via sexual selection more closely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Singh
- Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India,
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13
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Mullen SP, Shaw KL. Insect speciation rules: unifying concepts in speciation research. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2013; 59:339-361. [PMID: 24160421 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-120710-100621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The study of speciation is concerned with understanding the connection between causes of divergent evolution and the origin and maintenance of barriers to gene exchange between incipient species. Although the field has historically focused either on examples of recent divergence and its causes or on the genetic basis of reproductive isolation between already divergent species, current efforts seek to unify these two approaches. Here we integrate these perspectives through a discussion of recent progress in several insect speciation model systems. We focus on the evolution of speciation phenotypes in each system (i.e., those phenotypes causally involved in reducing gene flow between incipient species), drawing an explicit connection between cause and effect (process and pattern). We emphasize emerging insights into the genomic architecture of speciation as well as timely areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Mullen
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215;
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14
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The genetic basis of female mate preference and species isolation in Drosophila. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY 2012; 2012:328392. [PMID: 22957299 PMCID: PMC3432541 DOI: 10.1155/2012/328392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The processes that underlie mate choice have long fascinated biologists. With the advent of increasingly refined genetic tools, we are now beginning to understand the genetic basis of how males and females discriminate among potential mates. One aspect of mate discrimination of particular interest is that which isolates one species from another. As behavioral isolation is thought to be the first step in speciation, and females are choosy more often than males in this regard, identifying the genetic variants that influence interspecies female mate choice can enhance our understanding of the process of speciation. Here, we review the literature on female mate choice in the most widely used model system for studies of species isolation Drosophila. Although females appear to use the same traits for both within- and between-species female mate choice, there seems to be a different genetic basis underlying these choices. Interestingly, most genomic regions that cause females to reject heterospecific males fall within areas of low recombination. Likely, candidate genes are those that act within the auditory or olfactory system, or within areas of the brain that process these systems.
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16
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Myers EM, Frankino WA. Time in a bottle: the evolutionary fate of species discrimination in sibling Drosophila species. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31759. [PMID: 22384069 PMCID: PMC3288057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Disadvantageous hybridization favors the evolution of prezygotic isolating behaviors, generating a geographic pattern of interspecific mate discrimination where members of different species drawn from sympatric populations exhibit stronger preference for members of their own species than do individuals drawn from allopatric populations. Geographic shifts in species' boundaries can relax local selection against hybridization; under such scenarios the fate of enhanced species preference is unknown. Lineages established from populations in the region of sympatry that have been maintained as single-species laboratory cultures represent cases where allopatry has been produced experimentally. Using such cultures dating from the 1950s, we assess how Drosophila pseudoobscura and D. persimilis mate preferences respond to relaxed natural selection against hybridization. We found that the propensity to hybridize generally declines with increasing time in experimental allopatry, suggesting that maintaining enhanced preference for conspecifics may be costly. However, our data also suggest a strong role for drift in determining mating preferences once secondary allopatry has been established. Finally, we discuss the interplay between populations in establishing the presence or absence of patterns consistent with reinforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Myers
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
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17
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Porretta D, Urbanelli S. Evolution of premating reproductive isolation among conspecific populations of the sea rock-pool beetle Ochthebius urbanelliae driven by reinforcing natural selection. Evolution 2012; 66:1284-95. [PMID: 22486705 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01535.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
How natural selection might be involved in speciation remains a fundamental question in evolutionary biology. When two or more species co-occur in the same areas, natural selection may favor divergence in mating traits. By acting in sympatric but not allopatric populations, natural selection can also affect mate choice within species and ultimately initiate speciation among conspecific populations. Here, we address this potential effect in the sea rock-pool beetles Ochthebius quadricollis and O. urbanelliae. The two species, which inhabit the Mediterranean coasts, co-occurr syntopically in an area along the Italian Tyrrhenian coast and completed reproductive isolation by reinforcement. In this article, through mating trials under laboratory conditions between conspecific populations, we found in O. quadricollis no deviations from random mating. Conversely, in O. urbanelliae, we found a clear pattern of premating isolation between the reinforced populations sympatric with O. quadricollis and those nonreinforced allopatric. This pattern is consistent with the view that natural selection, which completed the reproductive isolation between the two species in sympatry, led incidentally also to partial premating reproductive isolation (I(PSI) estimator from 0.683 to 0.792) between conspecific populations of O. urbanelliae. This case study supports an until recently underappreciated role of natural selection resulting from species interactions in initiating speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Porretta
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
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Divergent Selection and Then What Not: The Conundrum of Missing Reproductive Isolation in Misty Lake and Stream Stickleback. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1155/2012/902438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In ecological speciation, reproductive isolation evolves as a consequence of adaptation to different selective environments. A frequent contributor to this process is the evolution of positive assortative mate choice between ecotypes. We tested this expectation for lake and inlet stream threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) from the Misty system (Vancouver Island, Canada), which show strong genetically based adaptive divergence and little genetic exchange in nature. This, and work on other stickleback systems, led us to expect positive assortative mating. Yet, our standard “no-choice” laboratory experiment on common-garden fish revealed no evidence for this—despite divergence in traits typically mediating assortative mating in stickleback. These results remind us that divergent natural selection may not inevitably lead to the evolution of positive assortative mate choice. The apparent lack of strong and symmetric reproductive barriers in this system presents a conundrum: why are such barriers not evident despite strong adaptive divergence and low gene flow in nature?
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Butlin R, Debelle A, Kerth C, Snook RR, Beukeboom LW, Castillo Cajas RF, Diao W, Maan ME, Paolucci S, Weissing FJ, van de Zande L, Hoikkala A, Geuverink E, Jennings J, Kankare M, Knott KE, Tyukmaeva VI, Zoumadakis C, Ritchie MG, Barker D, Immonen E, Kirkpatrick M, Noor M, Macias Garcia C, Schmitt T, Schilthuizen M. What do we need to know about speciation? Trends Ecol Evol 2011; 27:27-39. [PMID: 21978464 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Speciation has been a major focus of evolutionary biology research in recent years, with many important advances. However, some of the traditional organising principles of the subject area no longer provide a satisfactory framework, such as the classification of speciation mechanisms by geographical context into allopatric, parapatric and sympatry classes. Therefore, we have asked where speciation research should be directed in the coming years. Here, we present a distillation of questions about the mechanisms of speciation, the genetic basis of speciation and the relationship between speciation and diversity. Our list of topics is not exhaustive; rather we aim to promote discussion on research priorities and on the common themes that underlie disparate speciation processes.
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GEFEN E, BRENDZEL O. Desiccation resistance and mating behaviour in laboratory populations of Drosophila simulans originating from the opposing slopes of Lower Nahal Oren (Israel). J Evol Biol 2011; 24:2110-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02341.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Jennings JH, Mazzi D, Ritchie MG, Hoikkala A. Sexual and postmating reproductive isolation between allopatric Drosophila montana populations suggest speciation potential. BMC Evol Biol 2011; 11:68. [PMID: 21396136 PMCID: PMC3065424 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Widely distributed species with populations adapted to different environmental conditions can provide valuable opportunities for tracing the onset of reproductive incompatibilities and their role in the speciation process. Drosophila montana, a D. virilis group species found in high latitude boreal forests in Nearctic and Palearctic regions around the globe, could be an excellent model system for studying the early stages of speciation, as a wealth of information concerning this species' ecology, mating system, life history, genetics and phylogeography is available. However, reproductive barriers between populations have hereto not been investigated. Results We report both pre- and postmating barriers to reproduction between flies from European (Finnish) and North American (Canadian) populations of Drosophila montana. Using a series of mate-choice designs, we show that flies from these two populations mate assortatively (i.e., exhibit significant sexual isolation) while emphasizing the importance of experimental design in these kinds of studies. We also assessed potential postmating isolation by quantifying egg and progeny production in intra- and interpopulation crosses and show a significant one-way reduction in progeny production, affecting both male and female offspring equally. Conclusion We provide evidence that allopatric D. montana populations exhibit reproductive isolation and we discuss the potential mechanisms involved. Our data emphasize the importance of experimental design in studies on premating isolation between recently diverged taxa and suggest that postmating barriers may be due to postcopulatory-prezygotic mechanisms. D. montana populations seem to be evolving multiple barriers to gene flow in allopatry and our study lays the groundwork for future investigations of the genetic and phenotypic mechanisms underlying these barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson H Jennings
- Centre of Excellence in Evolutionary Research, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
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Yew JY, Dreisewerd K, de Oliveira CC, Etges WJ. Male-specific transfer and fine scale spatial differences of newly identified cuticular hydrocarbons and triacylglycerides in a Drosophila species pair. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16898. [PMID: 21369358 PMCID: PMC3038915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed epicuticular hydrocarbon variation in geographically isolated populations of D. mojavensis cultured on different rearing substrates and a sibling species, D. arizonae, with ultraviolet laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (UV-LDI MS). Different body parts, i.e. legs, proboscis, and abdomens, of both species showed qualitatively similar hydrocarbon profiles consisting mainly of long-chain monoenes, dienes, trienes, and tetraenes. However, D. arizonae had higher amounts of most hydrocarbons than D. mojavensis and females of both species exhibited greater hydrocarbon amounts than males. Hydrocarbon profiles of D. mojavensis populations were significantly influenced by sex and rearing substrates, and differed between body parts. Lab food–reared flies had lower amounts of most hydrocarbons than flies reared on fermenting cactus substrates. We discovered 48 male- and species-specific hydrocarbons ranging in size from C22 to C50 in the male anogenital region of both species, most not described before. These included several oxygen-containing hydrocarbons in addition to high intensity signals corresponding to putative triacylglycerides, amounts of which were influenced by larval rearing substrates. Some of these compounds were transferred to female cuticles in high amounts during copulation. This is the first study showing that triacylglycerides may be a separate class of courtship-related signaling molecules in drosophilids. This study also extends the kind and number of epicuticular hydrocarbons in these species and emphasizes the role of larval ecology in influencing amounts of these compounds, many of which mediate courtship success within and between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Y. Yew
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Dreisewerd
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Cássia Cardoso de Oliveira
- Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - William J. Etges
- Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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