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Billiard S, Castric V, Llaurens V. The integrative biology of genetic dominance. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2925-2942. [PMID: 34382317 PMCID: PMC9292577 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dominance is a basic property of inheritance systems describing the link between a diploid genotype at a single locus and the resulting phenotype. Models for the evolution of dominance have long been framed as an opposition between the irreconcilable views of Fisher in 1928 supporting the role of largely elusive dominance modifiers and Wright in 1929, who viewed dominance as an emerging property of the structure of enzymatic pathways. Recent theoretical and empirical advances however suggest that these opposing views can be reconciled, notably using models investigating the regulation of gene expression and developmental processes. In this more comprehensive framework, phenotypic dominance emerges from departures from linearity between any levels of integration in the genotype‐to‐phenotype map. Here, we review how these different models illuminate the emergence and evolution of dominance. We then detail recent empirical studies shedding new light on the diversity of molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying dominance and its evolution. By reconciling population genetics and functional biology, we hope our review will facilitate cross‐talk among research fields in the integrative study of dominance evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Billiard
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Castric
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Violaine Llaurens
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution et Biodiversité, CNRS/MNHN/Sorbonne Université/EPHE, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP50, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
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Park J, Do Y, Jang B. Multistability in the cyclic competition system. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2018; 28:113110. [PMID: 30501221 DOI: 10.1063/1.5045366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cyclically competition models have been successful to gain an insight of biodiversity mechanism in ecosystems. There are, however, still limitations to elucidate complex phenomena arising in real competition. In this paper, we report that a multistability occurs in a simple rock-paper-scissor cyclically competition model by assuming that intraspecific competition depends on the logistic growth of each species density. This complex stability is absent in any cyclically competition model, and we investigate how the proposed intraspecific competition affects biodiversity in the existing society of three species through macroscopic and microscopic approaches. When the system is multistable, we show basins of the asymptotically stable heteroclinic cycle and stable attractors to demonstrate how the survival state is determined by initial densities of three species. Also, we find that the multistability is associated with a subcritical Hopf bifurcation. This surprising finding will give an opportunity to interpret rich dynamical phenomena in ecosystems which may occur in cyclic competition systems with different types of interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpyo Park
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghae Do
- Department of Mathematics, KNU-Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongsoo Jang
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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3
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Spencer HG, Priest NK. The Evolution of Sex-Specific Dominance in Response to Sexually Antagonistic Selection. Am Nat 2016; 187:658-66. [DOI: 10.1086/685827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Priklopil T, Kisdi E, Gyllenberg M. Evolutionarily stable mating decisions for sequentially searching females and the stability of reproductive isolation by assortative mating. Evolution 2015; 69:1015-26. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tadeas Priklopil
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 68 (Gustaf Hallstromin katu 2b) FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria; Am Campus 1 A-3400 Klosterneuburg Austria
| | - Eva Kisdi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 68 (Gustaf Hallstromin katu 2b) FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Mats Gyllenberg
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 68 (Gustaf Hallstromin katu 2b) FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
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5
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A general condition for adaptive genetic polymorphism in temporally and spatially heterogeneous environments. Theor Popul Biol 2015; 99:76-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Chaotic dynamics of allele frequencies in condition-dependent mating systems. Theor Popul Biol 2012; 82:109-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Although verbal theories of speciation consider landscape changes, ecological speciation is usually modelled in a fixed geographical arrangement. Yet landscape changes occur, at different spatio-temporal scales, due to geological, climatic or ecological processes, and these changes result in repeated divisions and reconnections of populations. We examine the effect of such landscape dynamics on speciation. We use a stochastic, sexual population model with polygenic inheritance, embedded in a landscape dynamics model (allopatry-sympatry oscillations). We show that, under stabilizing selection, allopatry easily generates diversity, but species coexistence is evolutionarily unsustainable. Allopatry produces refuges whose persistence depends on the characteristic time scales of the landscape dynamics. Under disruptive selection, assuming that sympatric speciation is impossible due to Mendelian inheritance, allopatry is necessary for ecological differentiation. The completion of reproductive isolation, by reinforcement, then requires several sympatric phases. These results demonstrate that the succession of past, current and future geographical arrangements considerably influence the speciation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Aguilée
- Laboratoire Écologie et Évolution, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Paris, France.
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9
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Svardal H, Rueffler C, Hermisson J. Comparing environmental and genetic variance as adaptive response to fluctuating selection. Evolution 2011; 65:2492-513. [PMID: 21884052 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic variation within populations has two sources: genetic variation and environmental variation. Here, we investigate the coevolution of these two components under fluctuating selection. Our analysis is based on the lottery model in which genetic polymorphism can be maintained by negative frequency-dependent selection, whereas environmental variation can be favored due to bet-hedging. In our model, phenotypes are characterized by a quantitative trait under stabilizing selection with the optimal phenotype fluctuating in time. Genotypes are characterized by their phenotypic offspring distribution, which is assumed to be Gaussian with heritable variation for its mean and variance. Polymorphism in the mean corresponds to genetic variance while the width of the offspring distribution corresponds to environmental variance. We show that increased environmental variance is favored whenever fluctuations in the selective optima are sufficiently strong. Given the environmental variance has evolved to its optimum, genetic polymorphism can still emerge if the distribution of selective optima is sufficiently asymmetric or leptokurtic. Polymorphism evolves in a diagonal direction in trait space: one type becomes a canalized specialist for the more common ecological conditions and the other type a de-canalized bet-hedger thriving on the less-common conditions. All results are based on analytical approximations, complemented by individual-based simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Svardal
- Mathematics and Biosciences Group, Department of Mathematics, University of Vienna, Nordbergstrasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Schneider KA, Peischl S. Evolution of assortative mating in a population expressing dominance. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16821. [PMID: 21483775 PMCID: PMC3069974 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we study the influence of dominance on the evolution of assortative mating. We perform a population-genetic analysis of a two-locus two-allele model. We consider a quantitative trait that is under a mixture of frequency-independent stabilizing selection and density- and frequency-dependent selection caused by intraspecific competition for a continuum of resources. The trait is determined by a single (ecological) locus and expresses intermediate dominance. The second (modifier) locus determines the degree of assortative mating, which is expressed in females only. Assortative mating is based on similarities in the quantitative trait ('magic trait' model). Analytical conditions for the invasion of assortment modifiers are derived in the limit of weak selection and weak assortment. For the full model, extensive numerical iterations are performed to study the global dynamics. This allows us to gain a better understanding of the interaction of the different selective forces. Remarkably, depending on the size of modifier effects, dominance can have different effects on the evolution of assortment. We show that dominance hinders the evolution of assortment if modifier effects are small, but promotes it if modifier effects are large. These findings differ from those in previous work based on adaptive dynamics.
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Servedio MR. Limits to the evolution of assortative mating by female choice under restricted gene flow. Proc Biol Sci 2011; 278:179-87. [PMID: 20685708 PMCID: PMC3013393 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2010.1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of assortative mating is a key component of the process of speciation with gene flow. Several recent theoretical studies have pointed out, however, that sexual selection which can result from assortative mating may cause it to plateau at an intermediate level; this is primarily owing to search costs of individuals with extreme phenotypes and to assortative preferences developed by individuals with intermediate phenotypes. I explore the limitations of assortative mating further by analysing a simple model in which these factors have been removed. Specifically, I use a haploid two-population model to ask whether the existence of assortative mating is sufficient to drive the further evolution of assortative mating. I find that a weakening in the effective strength of sexual selection with strong assortment leads to the existence of both a peak level of trait differentiation and the evolution of an intermediate level of assortative mating that will cause that peak. This result is robust to the inclusion of local adaptation and different genetic architecture of the trait. The results imply the existence of fundamental limits to the evolution of assortment via sexual selection in this situation, with which other factors, such as search costs, may interact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Servedio
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, , CB No. 3280 Coker Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Rettelbach A, Hermisson J, Dieckmann U, Kopp M. Effects of genetic architecture on the evolution of assortative mating under frequency-dependent disruptive selection. Theor Popul Biol 2010; 79:82-96. [PMID: 21192962 DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 12/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We consider a model of sympatric speciation due to frequency-dependent competition, in which it was previously assumed that the evolving traits have a very simple genetic architecture. In the present study, we numerically analyze the consequences of relaxing this assumption. First, previous models assumed that assortative mating evolves in infinitesimal steps. Here, we show that the range of parameters for which speciation is possible increases when mutational steps are large. Second, it was assumed that the trait under frequency-dependent selection is determined by a single locus with two alleles and additive effects. As a consequence, the resultant intermediate phenotype is always heterozygous and can never breed true. To relax this assumption, here we add a second locus influencing the trait. We find three new possible evolutionary outcomes: evolution of three reproductively isolated species, a monomorphic equilibrium with only the intermediate phenotype, and a randomly mating population with a steep unimodal distribution of phenotypes. Both extensions of the original model thus increase the likelihood of competitive speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Rettelbach
- Evolution and Ecology Program, International Institute for Applied Systems and Analysis, Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria.
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