1
|
Jeske A, Arce-Rodriguez A, Thöming JG, Tomasch J, Häussler S. Evolution of biofilm-adapted gene expression profiles in lasR-deficient clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:6. [PMID: 35165270 PMCID: PMC8844440 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00268-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The overall success of a pathogenic microbe depends on its ability to efficiently adapt to challenging conditions in the human host. Long-term evolution experiments track and predict adaptive trajectories and have contributed significantly to our understanding of the driving forces of bacterial adaptation. In this study, we conducted a cross-sectional study instead of long-term longitudinal evolution experiments. We analyzed the transcriptional profiles as well as genomic sequence variations of a large number of clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates that have been recovered from different infected human sites. Convergent changes in gene expression patterns were found in different groups of clinical isolates. The majority of repeatedly observed expression patterns could be attributed to a defective lasR gene, which encodes the major quorum-sensing regulator LasR. Strikingly, the gene expression pattern of the lasR-defective strains appeared to reflect a transcriptional response that evolves in a direction consistent with growth within a biofilm. In a process of genetic assimilation, lasR-deficient P. aeruginosa isolates appear to constitutively express a biofilm-adapted transcriptional profile and no longer require a respective environmental trigger. Our results demonstrate that profiling the functional consequences of pathoadaptive mutations in clinical isolates reveals long-term evolutionary pathways and may explain the success of lasR mutants in the opportunistic pathogen P. aeruginosa in a clinical context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Jeske
- Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Bacteriology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30265, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alejandro Arce-Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Bacteriology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30265, Hannover, Germany
| | - Janne G Thöming
- Institute for Molecular Bacteriology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30265, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jürgen Tomasch
- Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Susanne Häussler
- Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.
- Institute for Molecular Bacteriology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30265, Hannover, Germany.
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30265, Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Froes TQ, Chaves BT, Mendes MS, Ximenes RM, da Silva IM, da Silva PBG, de Albuquerque JFC, Castilho MS. Synthesis and biological evaluation of thiazolidinedione derivatives with high ligand efficiency to P. aeruginosa PhzS. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1217-1229. [PMID: 34080514 PMCID: PMC8186431 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1931165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The thiazolidinone ring is found in compounds that have widespan biology activity and there is mechanism-based evidence that compounds bearing this moiety inhibit P. aeruginosa PhzS (PaPzhS), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the virulence factor named pyocyanin. Ten novel thiazolidinone derivatives were synthesised and screened against PaPhzS, using two orthogonal assays. The biological results provided by these and 28 other compounds, whose synthesis had been described, suggest that the dihydroquinazoline ring, found in the previous hit (A- Kd = 18 µM and LE = 0.20), is not required for PaPzhS inhibition, but unsubstituted nitrogen at the thiazolidinone ring is. The molecular simplification approach, pursued in this work, afforded an optimised lead compound (13- 5-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)thiazolidine-2,4-dione) with 10-fold improvement in affinity (Kd= 1.68 µM) and more than 100% increase in LE (0.45), which follows the same inhibition mode as the original hit compound (competitive to NADH).Executive summaryPhzS is a key enzyme in the pyocyanin biosynthesis pathway in P. aeruginosa.Orthogonal assays (TSA and FITC) show that fragment-like thiazolidinedione derivatives bind to PaPhzS with one-digit micromolar affinity.Fragment-like thiazolidinedione derivatives bind to the cofactor (NADH) binding site in PaPhzS.The molecular simplification optimised the ligand efficiency and affinity of the lead compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thamires Quadros Froes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em biotecnologia da, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brazil
| | | | - Marina Sena Mendes
- Faculdade de Farmácia da, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Rafael Matos Ximenes
- Departamento de Antibióticos da, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, Recife-Pe, Brazil
| | - Ivanildo Mangueira da Silva
- Departamento de Antibióticos da, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, Recife-Pe, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Santos Castilho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em biotecnologia da, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brazil
- Faculdade de Farmácia da, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia da, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Smith J, Inglis RF. Evaluating kin and group selection as tools for quantitative analysis of microbial data. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20201657. [PMID: 34004128 PMCID: PMC8131122 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Kin selection and multilevel selection theory are often used to interpret experiments about the evolution of cooperation and social behaviour among microbes. But while these experiments provide rich, detailed fitness data, theory is mostly used as a conceptual heuristic. Here, we evaluate how kin and multilevel selection theory perform as quantitative analysis tools. We reanalyse published microbial datasets and show that the canonical fitness models of both theories are almost always poor fits because they use statistical regressions misspecified for the strong selection and non-additive effects we show are widespread in microbial systems. We identify analytical practices in empirical research that suggest how theory might be improved, and show that analysing both individual and group fitness outcomes helps clarify the biology of selection. A data-driven approach to theory thus shows how kin and multilevel selection both have untapped potential as tools for quantitative understanding of social evolution in all branches of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Smith
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri–St Louis, St Louis MO 63121, USA
| | - R. Fredrik Inglis
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri–St Louis, St Louis MO 63121, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Natural bacterial isolates as an inexhaustible source of new bacteriocins. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:477-492. [PMID: 33394148 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-11063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms isolated from various traditionally fermented food products prepared in households without commercial starter cultures are designated as natural isolates. In addition, this term is also used for microorganisms collected from various natural habitats or products (silage, soil, manure, plant and animal material, etc.) that do not contain any commercial starters or bacterial formulations. They are characterized by unique traits that are the result of the selective pressure of environmental conditions, as well as interactions with other organisms. The synthesis of antimicrobial molecules, including bacteriocins, is an evolutionary advantage and an adaptive feature that sets them apart from other microorganisms from a common environment. This review aims to underline the knowledge of bacteriocins produced by natural isolates, with a particular emphasis on the most common location of their genes and operons, plasmids, and the importance of the relationship between the plasmidome and the adaptive potential of the isolate. Applications of bacteriocins, ranging from natural food preservatives to supplements and drugs in pharmacology and medicine, will also be addressed. The latest challenges faced by researchers in isolating new natural isolates with desired characteristics will be discussed, as well as the production of new antimicrobials, nearly one century since the first discovery of colicins in 1925. KEY POINTS: • Natural bacterial isolates harbor unique properties shaped by diverse interactions. • Horizontal gene transfer enables constant engineering of new antimicrobials. • Fermented food products are important source of bacteriocin-producing natural isolates.
Collapse
|
5
|
Rowe M, Veerus L, Trosvik P, Buckling A, Pizzari T. The Reproductive Microbiome: An Emerging Driver of Sexual Selection, Sexual Conflict, Mating Systems, and Reproductive Isolation. Trends Ecol Evol 2020; 35:220-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
6
|
Li Y, Rebuffat S. The manifold roles of microbial ribosomal peptide-based natural products in physiology and ecology. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:34-54. [PMID: 31784450 PMCID: PMC6952617 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev119.006545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs), also called ribosomal peptide natural products (RPNPs), form a growing superfamily of natural products that are produced by many different organisms and particularly by bacteria. They are derived from precursor polypeptides whose modification by various dedicated enzymes helps to establish a vast array of chemical motifs. RiPPs have attracted much interest as a source of potential therapeutic agents, and in particular as alternatives to conventional antibiotics to address the bacterial resistance crisis. However, their ecological roles in nature are poorly understood and explored. The present review describes major RiPP actors in competition within microbial communities, the main ecological and physiological functions currently evidenced for RiPPs, and the microbial ecosystems that are the sites for these functions. We envision that the study of RiPPs may lead to discoveries of new biological functions and highlight that a better knowledge of how bacterial RiPPs mediate inter-/intraspecies and interkingdom interactions will hold promise for devising alternative strategies in antibiotic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- Laboratory Molecules of Communication and Adaptation of Microorganisms (MCAM, UMR 7245 CNRS-MNHN), National Museum of Natural History (MNHN), CNRS, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Sylvie Rebuffat
- Laboratory Molecules of Communication and Adaptation of Microorganisms (MCAM, UMR 7245 CNRS-MNHN), National Museum of Natural History (MNHN), CNRS, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier 75005, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Andreani NA, Carraro L, Zhang L, Vos M, Cardazzo B. Transposon mutagenesis in Pseudomonas fluorescens reveals genes involved in blue pigment production and antioxidant protection. Food Microbiol 2019; 82:497-503. [PMID: 31027811 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas fluorescens Ps_77 is a blue-pigmenting strain able to cause food product discoloration, causing relevant economic losses especially in the dairy industry. Unlike non-pigmenting P. fluorescens, blue pigmenting strains previously were shown to carry a genomic region that includes homologs of trpABCDF genes, pointing at a possible role of the tryptophan biosynthetic pathway in production of the pigment. Here, we employ random mutagenesis to first identify the genes involved in blue-pigment production in P. fluorescens Ps_77 and second to investigate the biological function of the blue pigment. Genetic analyses based on the mapping of the random insertions allowed the identification of eight genes involved in pigment production, including the second copy of trpB (trpB_1) gene. Phenotypic characterization of Ps_77 white mutants demonstrated that the blue pigment increases oxidative-stress resistance. Indeed, while Ps_77 was growing at a normal rate in presence of 5 mM of H2O2, white mutants were completely inhibited. The antioxidative protection is not available for non-producing bacteria in co-culture with Ps_77.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Andrea Andreani
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padova, Italy; European Centre for Environment and Human Health University of Exeter ESI Building, Penryn Campus, TR109FE, Penryn, UK
| | - Lisa Carraro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padova, Italy
| | - Lihong Zhang
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health University of Exeter ESI Building, Penryn Campus, TR109FE, Penryn, UK
| | - Michiel Vos
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health University of Exeter ESI Building, Penryn Campus, TR109FE, Penryn, UK
| | - Barbara Cardazzo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bruce JB, Cooper GA, Chabas H, West SA, Griffin AS. Cheating and resistance to cheating in natural populations of the bacteriumPseudomonas fluorescens. Evolution 2017; 71:2484-2495. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John B. Bruce
- Department of Zoology; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - Guy A. Cooper
- Department of Zoology; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - Hélène Chabas
- CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS-Université de Montpellier; Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier; Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
A Natural Chimeric Pseudomonas Bacteriocin with Novel Pore-Forming Activity Parasitizes the Ferrichrome Transporter. mBio 2017; 8:mBio.01961-16. [PMID: 28223456 PMCID: PMC5358913 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01961-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Modular bacteriocins represent a major group of secreted protein toxins with a narrow spectrum of activity, involved in interference competition between Gram-negative bacteria. These antibacterial proteins include a domain for binding to the target cell and a toxin module at the carboxy terminus. Self-inhibition of producers is provided by coexpression of linked immunity genes that transiently inhibit the toxin's activity through formation of bacteriocin-immunity complexes or by insertion in the inner membrane, depending on the type of toxin module. We demonstrate strain-specific inhibitory activity for PmnH, a Pseudomonas bacteriocin with an unprecedented dual-toxin architecture, hosting both a colicin M domain, potentially interfering with peptidoglycan synthesis, and a novel colicin N-type domain, a pore-forming module distinct from the colicin Ia-type domain in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocin S5. A downstream-linked gene product confers PmnH immunity upon susceptible strains. This protein, ImnH, has a transmembrane topology similar to that of Pseudomonas colicin M-like and pore-forming immunity proteins, although homology with either of these is essentially absent. The enhanced killing activity of PmnH under iron-limited growth conditions reflects parasitism of the ferrichrome-type transporter for entry into target cells, a strategy shown here to be used as well by monodomain colicin M-like bacteriocins from pseudomonads. The integration of a second type of toxin module in a bacteriocin gene could offer a competitive advantage against bacteria displaying immunity against only one of both toxic activities.IMPORTANCE In their continuous struggle for ecological space, bacteria face a huge load of contenders, including phylogenetically related strains that compete for the same niche. One important group of secreted antibacterial proteins assisting in eliminating these rivals are modular bacteriocins of Gram-negative bacteria, comprising a domain for docking onto the cell envelope of a target cell, a translocation domain enabling subsequent cellular entry, and a toxin module that kills target cells via enzymatic or pore-forming activity. We here demonstrate the antagonistic function of a Pseudomonas bacteriocin with unique architecture that combines a putative enzymatic colicin M-like domain and a novel pore-forming toxin module. For target cell recognition and entry, this bacteriocin hybrid takes advantage of the ferrichrome transporter, also parasitized by enzymatic Pseudomonas bacteriocins devoid of the pore-forming module. Bacteriocins with an expanded toxin potential may represent an inventive bacterial strategy to alleviate immunity in target cells.
Collapse
|
10
|
Inglis RF, Scanlan P, Buckling A. Iron availability shapes the evolution of bacteriocin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. THE ISME JOURNAL 2016; 10:2060-6. [PMID: 26905630 PMCID: PMC4883653 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2016.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of bacterial resistance to conventional antimicrobials is a widely documented phenomenon with gravely important consequences for public health. However, bacteria also produce a vast repertoire of natural antimicrobials, presumably in order to kill competing species. Bacteriocins are a common class of protein-based antimicrobials that have been shown to have an important role in the ecology and evolution of bacterial communities. Relative to the evolution of antibiotic resistance, little is known about how novel resistance to these toxic compounds evolves. In this study, we present results illustrating that, although resistance is able to evolve, it remains critically dependent on the environmental context. Resistance to bacteriocins, in particular the pyocin S2, evolves readily when iron is present but less so when iron is limiting, because the receptor for this pyocin is also required for iron uptake during iron limitation. This suggests that although resistance to bacteriocins can easily evolve, environmental conditions will determine how and when resistance occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Fredrik Inglis
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Angus Buckling
- ESI and CEC, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are dense and often mixed-species surface-attached communities in which bacteria coexist and compete for limited space and nutrients. Here we present the different antagonistic interactions described in biofilm environments and their underlying molecular mechanisms, along with ecological and evolutionary insights as to how competitive interactions arise and are maintained within biofilms.
Collapse
|
12
|
Bashey F. Within-host competitive interactions as a mechanism for the maintenance of parasite diversity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 370:20140301. [PMID: 26150667 PMCID: PMC4528499 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Variation among parasite strains can affect the progression of disease or the effectiveness of treatment. What maintains parasite diversity? Here I argue that competition among parasites within the host is a major cause of variation among parasites. The competitive environment within the host can vary depending on the parasite genotypes present. For example, parasite strategies that target specific competitors, such as bacteriocins, are dependent on the presence and susceptibility of those competitors for success. Accordingly, which parasite traits are favoured by within-host selection can vary from host to host. Given the fluctuating fitness landscape across hosts, genotype by genotype (G×G) interactions among parasites should be prevalent. Moreover, selection should vary in a frequency-dependent manner, as attacking genotypes select for resistance and genotypes producing public goods select for cheaters. I review competitive coexistence theory with regard to parasites and highlight a few key examples where within-host competition promotes diversity. Finally, I discuss how within-host competition affects host health and our ability to successfully treat infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farrah Bashey
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 East Third Street, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tyc O, Wolf AB, Garbeva P. The effect of phylogenetically different bacteria on the fitness of Pseudomonas fluorescens in sand microcosms. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119838. [PMID: 25774766 PMCID: PMC4361692 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In most environments many microorganisms live in close vicinity and can interact in various ways. Recent studies suggest that bacteria are able to sense and respond to the presence of neighbouring bacteria in the environment and alter their response accordingly. This ability might be an important strategy in complex habitats such as soils, with great implications for shaping the microbial community structure. Here, we used a sand microcosm approach to investigate how Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 responds to the presence of monocultures or mixtures of two phylogenetically different bacteria, a Gram-negative (Pedobacter sp. V48) and a Gram-positive (Bacillus sp. V102) under two nutrient conditions. Results revealed that under both nutrient poor and nutrient rich conditions confrontation with the Gram-positive Bacillus sp. V102 strain led to significant lower cell numbers of Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1, whereas confrontation with the Gram-negative Pedobacter sp. V48 strain did not affect the growth of Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1. However, when Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 was confronted with the mixture of both strains, no significant effect on the growth of Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 was observed. Quantitative real-time PCR data showed up-regulation of genes involved in the production of a broad-spectrum antibiotic in Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 when confronted with Pedobacter sp. V48, but not in the presence of Bacillus sp. V102. The results provide evidence that the performance of bacteria in soil depends strongly on the identity of neighbouring bacteria and that inter-specific interactions are an important factor in determining microbial community structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Tyc
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Alexandra B. Wolf
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paolina Garbeva
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ross-Gillespie A, Dumas Z, Kümmerli R. Evolutionary dynamics of interlinked public goods traits: an experimental study of siderophore production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Evol Biol 2015; 28:29-39. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Ross-Gillespie
- Microbial Evolutionary Ecology; Institute of Plant Biology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - Z. Dumas
- Environmental Microbiology; Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG); Dübendorf Switzerland
- Department of Ecology and Evolution; University of Lausanne; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - R. Kümmerli
- Microbial Evolutionary Ecology; Institute of Plant Biology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
- Environmental Microbiology; Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG); Dübendorf Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Leggett HC, Brown SP, Reece SE. War and peace: social interactions in infections. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2014; 369:20130365. [PMID: 24686936 PMCID: PMC3982666 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most striking facts about parasites and microbial pathogens that has emerged in the fields of social evolution and disease ecology in the past few decades is that these simple organisms have complex social lives, indulging in a variety of cooperative, communicative and coordinated behaviours. These organisms have provided elegant experimental tests of the importance of relatedness, kin discrimination, cooperation and competition, in driving the evolution of social strategies. Here, we briefly review the social behaviours of parasites and microbial pathogens, including their contributions to virulence, and outline how inclusive fitness theory has helped to explain their evolution. We then take a mechanistically inspired ‘bottom-up’ approach, discussing how key aspects of the ways in which parasites and pathogens exploit hosts, namely public goods, mobile elements, phenotypic plasticity, spatial structure and multi-species interactions, contribute to the emergent properties of virulence and transmission. We argue that unravelling the complexities of within-host ecology is interesting in its own right, and also needs to be better incorporated into theoretical evolution studies if social behaviours are to be understood and used to control the spread and severity of infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Leggett
- Department of Zoology, Oxford University, , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Strong reciprocity, whereby cooperators punish non-cooperators, may help to explain the evolutionary success of cooperative behaviours. However, theory suggests that selection for strong reciprocity can depend upon tight genetic linkage between cooperation and punishment, to avoid the strategy being outcompeted by non-punishing cooperators. We tested this hypothesis using experimental populations of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which cooperate by producing iron-scavenging siderophores and, in this context, punish non-cooperators with toxins. Consistent with theory, we show that cooperative punishers can indeed invade cheats, but only when the traits are tightly linked. These results emphasize that punishment is only likely to be favoured when the punishment itself leads to a direct or indirect fitness benefit to the actor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Fredrik Inglis
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Eidgenössiche Technische Hochschule Zürich, , Zürich 8092, Switzerland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kümmerli R, Ross-Gillespie A. EXPLAINING THE SOCIOBIOLOGY OF PYOVERDIN PRODUCINGPSEUDOMONAS: A COMMENT ON ZHANG AND RAINEY (2013). Evolution 2013; 68:3337-43. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Kümmerli
- Institute of Plant Biology; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Adin Ross-Gillespie
- Institute of Plant Biology; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Frénoy A, Taddei F, Misevic D. Genetic architecture promotes the evolution and maintenance of cooperation. PLoS Comput Biol 2013; 9:e1003339. [PMID: 24278000 PMCID: PMC3836702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
When cooperation has a direct cost and an indirect benefit, a selfish behavior is more likely to be selected for than an altruistic one. Kin and group selection do provide evolutionary explanations for the stability of cooperation in nature, but we still lack the full understanding of the genomic mechanisms that can prevent cheater invasion. In our study we used Aevol, an agent-based, in silico genomic platform to evolve populations of digital organisms that compete, reproduce, and cooperate by secreting a public good for tens of thousands of generations. We found that cooperating individuals may share a phenotype, defined as the amount of public good produced, but have very different abilities to resist cheater invasion. To understand the underlying genetic differences between cooperator types, we performed bio-inspired genomics analyses of our digital organisms by recording and comparing the locations of metabolic and secretion genes, as well as the relevant promoters and terminators. Association between metabolic and secretion genes (promoter sharing, overlap via frame shift or sense-antisense encoding) was characteristic for populations with robust cooperation and was more likely to evolve when secretion was costly. In mutational analysis experiments, we demonstrated the potential evolutionary consequences of the genetic association by performing a large number of mutations and measuring their phenotypic and fitness effects. The non-cooperating mutants arising from the individuals with genetic association were more likely to have metabolic deleterious mutations that eventually lead to selection eliminating such mutants from the population due to the accompanying fitness decrease. Effectively, cooperation evolved to be protected and robust to mutations through entangled genetic architecture. Our results confirm the importance of second-order selection on evolutionary outcomes, uncover an important genetic mechanism for the evolution and maintenance of cooperation, and suggest promising methods for preventing gene loss in synthetically engineered organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Frénoy
- INSERM U1001, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| | - François Taddei
- INSERM U1001, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Dusan Misevic
- INSERM U1001, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Richards TA, Talbot NJ. Horizontal gene transfer in osmotrophs: playing with public goods. Nat Rev Microbiol 2013; 11:720-7. [DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro3108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|