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Do D, Guruk M, Kus-Liśkiewicz M, Damblon C, Arguelles-Arias A, Erten H, Fickers P. Biosynthesis of the antioxidant γ-glutamyl-cysteine with engineered Yarrowia lipolytica. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300564. [PMID: 38403441 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The dipeptide γ-glutamylcysteine (γ-GC), the first intermediate of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, is considered as a promising drug to reduce or prevent plethora of age-related disorders such as Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. The unusual γ-linkage between the two constitutive amino acids, namely cysteine and glutamate, renders its chemical synthesis particularly challenging. Herein, we report on the metabolic engineering of the non-conventional yeast Yarrowia lipolytica for efficient γ-GC synthesis. The yeast was first converted into a γ-GC producer by disruption of gene GSH2 encoding GSH synthase and by constitutive expression of GSH1 encoding glutamylcysteine ligase. Subsequently genes involved in cysteine and glutamate anabolism, namely MET4, CYSE, CYSF, and GDH1 were overexpressed with the aim to increase their intracellular availability. With such a strategy, a γ-GC titer of 464 nmol mg-1 protein (93 mg gDCW-1 ) was obtained within 24 h of cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diem Do
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium
- Dong Thap Medical College, Cao Lanh City, Dong Thap Province, Vietnam
| | - Mümine Guruk
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | | | - Christian Damblon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique Structurale, Département de Chimie, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anthony Arguelles-Arias
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Huseyin Erten
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Patrick Fickers
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium
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Minebois R, Lairón-Peris M, Barrio E, Pérez-Torrado R, Querol A. Metabolic differences between a wild and a wine strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during fermentation unveiled by multi-omic analysis. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:3059-3076. [PMID: 33848053 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a widespread yeast present both in the wild and in fermentative processes, like winemaking. During the colonization of these human-associated fermentative environments, certain strains of S. cerevisiae acquired differential adaptive traits that enhanced their physiological properties to cope with the challenges imposed by these new ecological niches. The advent of omics technologies allowed unveiling some details of the molecular bases responsible for the peculiar traits of S. cerevisiae wine strains. However, the metabolic diversity within yeasts remained poorly explored, in particular that existing between wine and wild strains of S. cerevisiae. For this purpose, we performed a dual transcriptomic and metabolomic comparative analysis between a wild and a wine S. cerevisiae strains during wine fermentations performed at high and low temperatures. By using this approach, we could correlate the differential expression of genes involved in metabolic pathways, such as sulfur, arginine and thiamine metabolisms, with differences in the amounts of key metabolites that can explain some important differences in the fermentation performance between the wine and wild strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Minebois
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Paterna, E-46980, Spain
| | - María Lairón-Peris
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Paterna, E-46980, Spain
| | - Eladio Barrio
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Paterna, E-46980, Spain.,Departament de Genètica, Universitat de València, C/Doctor Moliner, 50, Burjassot, Valencia, E-46100, Spain
| | - Roberto Pérez-Torrado
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Paterna, E-46980, Spain
| | - Amparo Querol
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Paterna, E-46980, Spain
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Wang Y, Xiao T, Zhang Z, Feng X. Extraction and concentration of glutathione from yeast by membranes. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
| | - Tonghu Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
| | | | - Xianshe Feng
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
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Raghavendran V, Marx C, Olsson L, Bettiga M. The protective role of intracellular glutathione in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during lignocellulosic ethanol production. AMB Express 2020; 10:219. [PMID: 33331971 PMCID: PMC7745091 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To enhance the competitiveness of industrial lignocellulose ethanol production, robust enzymes and cell factories are vital. Lignocellulose derived streams contain a cocktail of inhibitors that drain the cell of its redox power and ATP, leading to a decrease in overall ethanol productivity. Many studies have attempted to address this issue, and we have shown that increasing the glutathione (GSH) content in yeasts confers tolerance towards lignocellulose inhibitors, subsequently increasing the ethanol titres. However, GSH levels in yeast are limited by feedback inhibition of GSH biosynthesis. Multidomain and dual functional enzymes exist in several bacterial genera and they catalyse the GSH biosynthesis in a single step without the feedback inhibition. To test if even higher intracellular glutathione levels could be achieved and if this might lead to increased tolerance, we overexpressed the genes from two bacterial genera and assessed the recombinants in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with steam pretreated spruce hydrolysate containing 10% solids. Although overexpressing the heterologous genes led to a sixfold increase in maximum glutathione content (18 µmol gdrycellmass−1) compared to the control strain, this only led to a threefold increase in final ethanol titres (8.5 g L− 1). As our work does not conclusively indicate the cause-effect of increased GSH levels towards ethanol titres, we cautiously conclude that there is a limit to cellular fitness that could be accomplished via increased levels of glutathione.
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Liu D, Xu J, Cao Y, Qi Y, Yang K, Wei X, Xu Y, Fan M. Effect of glutathione‐enriched inactive dry yeast on color, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of kiwi wine. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A & F University Yangling China
| | - Junnan Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A & F University Yangling China
| | - Youfang Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A & F University Yangling China
| | - Yiman Qi
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A & F University Yangling China
| | - Kun Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A & F University Yangling China
| | - Xinyuan Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A & F University Yangling China
| | - Yinhu Xu
- Angel Yeast Co., Ltd Yichang China
| | - Mingtao Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A & F University Yangling China
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The Complete Pathway for Thiosulfate Utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.01241-18. [PMID: 30217845 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01241-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is known to grow with thiosulfate as a sulfur source, and it produces more ethanol when using thiosulfate than using sulfate. Here, we report how it assimilates thiosulfate. S. cerevisiae absorbed thiosulfate into the cell through two sulfate permeases, Sul1 and Sul2. Two rhodaneses, Rdl1 and Rdl2, converted thiosulfate to a persulfide and sulfite. The persulfide was reduced by cellular thiols to H2S, and sulfite was reduced by sulfite reductase to H2S. Cysteine synthase incorporated H2S into O-acetyl-l-homoserine to produce l-homocysteine, which is the precursor for cysteine and methionine in S. cerevisiae Several other rhodaneses replaced Rdl1 and Rdl2 for thiosulfate utilization in the yeast. Thus, any organisms with the sulfate assimilation system potentially could use thiosulfate as a sulfur source, since rhodaneses are common in most organisms.IMPORTANCE The complete pathway of thiosulfate assimilation in baker's yeast is determined. The finding reveals the extensive overlap between sulfate and thiosulfate assimilation. Rhodanese is the only additional enzyme for thiosulfate utilization. The common presence of rhodanese in most organisms, including Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, suggests that most organisms with the sulfate assimilation system also use thiosulfate. Since it takes less energy to reduce thiosulfate than sulfate for assimilation, thiosulfate has the potential to become a choice of sulfur in optimized media for industrial fermentation.
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Heitmann M, Zannini E, Arendt E. Impact of Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolites produced during fermentation on bread quality parameters: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:1152-1164. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1244153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emanuele Zannini
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elke Arendt
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Rehman A, Sohail Anjum M, Hasnain S. Cadmium biosorption by yeast, Candida tropicalis CBL-1, isolated from industrial wastewater. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2010; 56:359-68. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.56.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Perrone GG, Grant CM, Dawes IW. Genetic and environmental factors influencing glutathione homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 2004; 16:218-30. [PMID: 15509654 PMCID: PMC539166 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e04-07-0560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione is an essential metabolite protecting cells against oxidative stress and aging. Here, we show that endogenously synthesized glutathione undergoes intercellular cycling during growth to stationary phase. Genome-wide screening identified approximately 270 yeast deletion mutants that overexcrete glutathione, predominantly in the reduced form, and identified a surprising set of functions important for glutathione homeostasis. The highest excretors were affected in late endosome/vacuolar functions. Other functions identified included nitrogen/carbon source signaling, mitochondrial electron transport, ubiquitin/proteasomal processes, transcriptional regulation, ion transport and the cellular integrity pathway. For many mutants the availability of branched chain amino acids and extracellular pH influenced both glutathione homeostasis and cell viability. For all mutants tested, the onset of glutathione excretion occurred when intracellular concentration exceeded the maximal level found in the parental strain; however, in some mutants prolonged excretion led to substantial depletion of intracellular glutathione. These results significantly contribute to understanding mechanisms affecting glutathione homeostasis in eukaryotes and may provide insight into the underlying cause of glutathione depletion in degenerative processes such as Parkinson's disease. The important implications of these data for use of the yeast deletion collection for the study of other phenomena also are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel G Perrone
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences and Ramaciotti Centre for Gene Function Analysis, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 2052
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