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Eser S, Chang J, Charalambous H, Silverman B, Demetriou A, Yakut C, Nimri O, Pavlou P, Özgür S, Ziogas A, Stevens L, Ward K, Anton Culver H. Incidence patterns of colorectal cancers in four countries of the Middle East Cancer Consortium (Cyprus, Jordan, Israel, and İzmir, Turkey) compared with those in the United States Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2018; 29:36-44. [PMID: 29391306 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2018.17263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS There are wide variations in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence across the world. Historically, the highest incidence rates have been reported historically in more developed countries; however, increasing trends have been seen in developing countries. Here, we present the CRC incidence pattern in Cyprus, Israel, Jordan, and İzmir, Turkey, which are countries of the Middle East Cancer Consortium (MECC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 2005-2010 CRC data from population-based registries and calculated crude and age standardized rates for CRC, colon and rectum subsites, and annual percent changes (APCs) for trends. RESULTS The age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIRs) for CRC were the highest in Israeli Jews (IJ) (46.7 for males and 35.5 for females), which exceeded those of the USA Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) program registries. In both sexes, AAIRs in Cyprus and Israeli Arabs (IA) were close to those in SEER registries. For both sexes, AAIRs in İzmir and Jordan were substantially lower than those in other registries. Statistically significant decreasing trends over time were observed in AAIRs for both sexes in the SEER program (APCs: males, -3.24% and females, -2.54%), whereas the trends varied within the MECC registries. There were decreasing AAIR trends for males in IJ and IA and for females in Cyprus and IJ; APC for females in IJ (-4.29%) was significant. Conversely, increasing trends with the significant APCs were observed in males in İzmir (2.43%) and Jordan (7.57%). CONCLUSION MECC countries comprise both high- and low-risk populations for CRCs. However, increasing trends in low-risk populations have been alarming. Thus, the need for implementing tailored primary and secondary prevention programs in the region is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Eser
- Department of Public Health, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey; PI of Regional Hub for Cancer Registration in Northern Africa, Central and Western Asia, WHO/ IACR GICR, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Jenny Chang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Haris Charalambous
- Cyprus Ministry of Health, Health Monitoring Unit, National Cancer Registry of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Barbara Silverman
- Israel Ministry of Health, Israel Center for Disease Control, National Cancer Registry of Israel, Israel
| | - Anna Demetriou
- Cyprus Ministry of Health, Health Monitoring Unit, National Cancer Registry of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Cankut Yakut
- Turkish Ministry of Health, İzmir Cancer Registry, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Omar Nimri
- Jordan Ministry of Health, NCDs-Department of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Registry of Jordan, Jordan
| | - Pavlos Pavlou
- Cyprus Ministry of Health, Health Monitoring Unit, National Cancer Registry of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Suriye Özgür
- PI of Regional Hub for Cancer Registration in Northern Africa, Central and Western Asia, WHO/ IACR GICR, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Argyrious Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Lisa Stevens
- U.S. National Cancer Institute, Center for Global Health, USA
| | - Kevin Ward
- Department of Epidemiology, Georgia Center for Cancer Statistics, Emory University, Georgia
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Al-Shamsi HO, Jones J, Fahmawi Y, Dahbour I, Tabash A, Abdel-Wahab R, Abousamra AOS, Shaw KR, Xiao L, Hassan MM, Kipp BR, Kopetz S, Soliman AS, McWilliams RR, Wolff RA. Molecular spectrum of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, TP53, and APC somatic gene mutations in Arab patients with colorectal cancer: determination of frequency and distribution pattern. J Gastrointest Oncol 2016; 7:882-902. [PMID: 28078112 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2016.11.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequency rates of mutations such as KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA in colorectal cancer (CRC) differ among populations. The aim of this study was to assess mutation frequencies in the Arab population and determine their correlations with certain clinicopathological features. METHODS Arab patients from the Arab Gulf region and a population of age- and sex-matched Western patients with CRC whose tumors were evaluated with next-generation sequencing (NGS) were identified and retrospectively reviewed. The mutation rates of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, TP53, and APC were recorded, along with clinicopathological features. Other somatic mutation and their rates were also identified. Fisher's exact test was used to determine the association between mutation status and clinical features. RESULTS A total of 198 cases were identified; 99 Arab patients and 99 Western patients. Fifty-two point seven percent of Arab patients had stage IV disease at initial presentation, 74.2% had left-sided tumors. Eighty-nine point two percent had tubular adenocarcinoma and 10.8% had mucinous adenocarcinoma. The prevalence rates of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, TP53, APC, SMAD, FBXW7 mutations in Arab population were 44.4%, 4%, 4%, 13.1%, 52.5%, 27.3%, 2% and 3% respectively. Compared to 48.4%, 4%, 4%, 12.1%, 47.5%, 24.2%, 11.1% and 0% respectively in matched Western population. Associations between these mutations and patient clinicopathological features were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to report comprehensive hotspot mutations using NGS in Arab patients with CRC. The frequency of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, TP53, APC and PIK3CA mutations were similar to reported frequencies in Western population except SMAD4 that had a lower frequency and higher frequency of FBXW7 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaid O Al-Shamsi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA;; Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Foundation, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;; Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeremy Jones
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yazan Fahmawi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ibrahim Dahbour
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aziz Tabash
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Reham Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA;; Clinical Oncology Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed O S Abousamra
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kenna R Shaw
- Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lianchun Xiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Manal M Hassan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Benjamin R Kipp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amr S Soliman
- Department of Epidemiology, the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | - Robert A Wolff
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Schmit SL, Schumacher FR, Edlund CK, Conti DV, Raskin L, Lejbkowicz F, Pinchev M, Rennert HS, Jenkins MA, Hopper JL, Buchanan DD, Lindor NM, Le Marchand L, Gallinger S, Haile RW, Newcomb PA, Huang SC, Rennert G, Casey G, Gruber SB. A novel colorectal cancer risk locus at 4q32.2 identified from an international genome-wide association study. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:2512-9. [PMID: 25023989 PMCID: PMC4271131 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Only a fraction of colorectal cancer heritability is explained by known risk-conferring genetic variation. This study was designed to identify novel risk alleles in Europeans. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of colorectal cancer in participants from a population-based case-control study in Israel (n = 1616 cases, 1329 controls) and a consortium study from the Colon Cancer Family Registry (n = 1977 cases, 999 controls). We used a two-stage (discovery-replication) GWAS design, followed by a joint meta-analysis. A combined analysis identified a novel susceptibility locus that reached genome-wide significance on chromosome 4q32.2 [rs35509282, risk allele = A (minor allele frequency = 0.09); odds ratio (OR) per risk allele = 1.53; P value = 8.2 × 10(-9); nearest gene = FSTL5]. The direction of the association was consistent across studies. In addition, we confirmed that 14 of 29 previously identified susceptibility variants were significantly associated with risk of colorectal cancer in this study. Genetic variation on chromosome 4q32.2 is significantly associated with risk of colorectal cancer in Ashkenazi Jews and Europeans in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Schmit
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, Clalit Health Services, National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, 8525 AZ, USA, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Fredrick R Schumacher
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, Clalit Health Services, National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, 8525 AZ, USA, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Christopher K Edlund
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, Clalit Health Services, National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, 8525 AZ, USA, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - David V Conti
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, Clalit Health Services, National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, 8525 AZ, USA, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Leon Raskin
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Flavio Lejbkowicz
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, Clalit Health Services, National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Mila Pinchev
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, Clalit Health Services, National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hedy S Rennert
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, Clalit Health Services, National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Mark A Jenkins
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Noralane M Lindor
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, 8525 AZ, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert W Haile
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA and
| | - Shu-Chen Huang
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, Clalit Health Services, National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, 8525 AZ, USA, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gad Rennert
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, Clalit Health Services, National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Graham Casey
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, Clalit Health Services, National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, 8525 AZ, USA, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, Clalit Health Services, National Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, 8525 AZ, USA, Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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