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Drenckpohl DC, Christifano DN, Carlson SE. Is choline deficiency an unrecognized factor in necrotizing enterocolitis of preterm infants? Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-024-03212-5. [PMID: 38658665 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03212-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
We undertook this review to determine if it is plausible that choline or phosphatidylcholine (PC) deficiency is a factor in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) after two clinical trials found a dramatic and unexpected reduction in NEC in an experimental group provided higher PC compared to a control group. Sources and amounts of choline/PC for preterm infants are compared to the choline status of preterm infants at birth and following conventional nutritional management. The roles of choline/PC in intestinal structure, mucus, mesenteric blood flow, and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory system are summarized. Low choline/PC status is linked to prematurity/immaturity, parenteral and enteral feeding, microbial dysbiosis and hypoxia/ischemia, factors long associated with the risk of developing NEC. We conclude that low choline status exists in preterm infants provided conventional parenteral and enteral nutritional management, and that it is plausible low choline/PC status adversely affects intestinal function to set up the vicious cycle of inflammation, loss of intestinal barrier function and worsening tissue hypoxia that occurs with NEC. In conclusion, this review supports the need for randomized clinical trials to test the hypothesis that additional choline or PC provided parenterally or enterally can reduce the incidence of NEC in preterm infants. IMPACT STATEMENT: Low choline status in preterm infants who are managed by conventional nutrition is plausibly linked to the risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas C Drenckpohl
- Department of Food & Nutrition, OSF Healthcare Saint Francis Medical Center, Peoria, IL, 61637, USA
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66106, USA
| | - Danielle N Christifano
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66106, USA
| | - Susan E Carlson
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66106, USA.
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2
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Cimmino G, Natale F, Alfieri R, Cante L, Covino S, Franzese R, Limatola M, Marotta L, Molinari R, Mollo N, Loffredo FS, Golino P. Non-Conventional Risk Factors: "Fact" or "Fake" in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention? Biomedicines 2023; 11:2353. [PMID: 37760794 PMCID: PMC10525401 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, etc., still represent the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. They significantly modify the patients' quality of life with a tremendous economic impact. It is well established that cardiovascular risk factors increase the probability of fatal and non-fatal cardiac events. These risk factors are classified into modifiable (smoking, arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, low HDL cholesterol, diabetes, excessive alcohol consumption, high-fat and high-calorie diet, reduced physical activity) and non-modifiable (sex, age, family history, of previous cardiovascular disease). Hence, CVD prevention is based on early identification and management of modifiable risk factors whose impact on the CV outcome is now performed by the use of CV risk assessment models, such as the Framingham Risk Score, Pooled Cohort Equations, or the SCORE2. However, in recent years, emerging, non-traditional factors (metabolic and non-metabolic) seem to significantly affect this assessment. In this article, we aim at defining these emerging factors and describe the potential mechanisms by which they might contribute to the development of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cimmino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (F.S.L.)
- Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Natale
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Alfieri
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (F.S.L.)
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Cante
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (F.S.L.)
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Covino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (F.S.L.)
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Franzese
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (F.S.L.)
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mirella Limatola
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (F.S.L.)
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Marotta
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (F.S.L.)
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Riccardo Molinari
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (F.S.L.)
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Noemi Mollo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (F.S.L.)
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco S Loffredo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (F.S.L.)
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Golino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (F.S.L.)
- Vanvitelli Cardiology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
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3
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Zhu Y, Liu R, Geng X, Zhang W, Li B, Ma C, Song T, Xia H, Quan B. Serum homocysteine is a valuable marker for predicting aggravation of infection in intestinal obstruction patients. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:36-43. [PMID: 36533575 PMCID: PMC9989149 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221139209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of serum homocysteine (HCY), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in abdominal infectious disease and analyze their relationship with the degree of abdominal infection. We conducted a retrospective study involving 157 patients with abdominal infections at Xuzhou Central Hospital between January 2016 and October 2019. The patients were composed of intestinal obstruction (73 cases), appendicitis (45 cases), perforation of the digestive tract (25 cases), and cholecystitis (14 cases). The HCY, PCT, and CRP levels of patients with abdominal infections were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and correlation analysis between the HCY, PCT, and CRP levels and abdominal infection was performed using Pearson's correlation analysis. Compared with before treatment, the HCY, PCT, and CRP levels in the four groups decreased significantly after treatment. The levels in the patients in the intestinal obstruction group decreased more markedly than in those in the other groups. There were positive correlations among the HCY level, PCT, and CRP before treatment only in patients with intestinal obstruction (P < 0.001). The difference was statistically significant in the HCY level between the non-operation and the operation groups in patients with intestinal obstruction (P < 0.001). Serum HCY may be a valuable marker for predicting aggravation of infection in patients with intestinal obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlong Zhu
- Department of Second Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruming Liu
- Department of Second Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuan Geng
- Department of Second Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Department of Second Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingqiang Li
- Department of Second Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Second Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Second Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Xia
- Department of Second Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Quan
- Department of Second Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
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4
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Venous thromboembolism in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: an 11-year population-based nested case–control study in Canada. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2022; 33:449-456. [DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000001166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhang P, Li B, Mu J, Liu D, Zhang G, Mao X, Huang K, Waldron KJ, Chen X. The therapeutic and preventive effects of a canine-origin VB 12 -producing Lactobacillus on DSS-induced colitis in mice. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2022; 106:1368-1382. [PMID: 36045638 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (VB12 ) plays vital roles as a cofactor in reactions related to biosynthesis and metabolic regulation. Animals with diarrhoea from intestinal inflammation are susceptible to VB12 deficiency due to dysfunctional absorption. No current medications for canine intestinal inflammation can simultaneously act as VB12 supplements. Here we have tested a strain of VB12 -producing Lactobacillus, to investigate its safety in healthy dogs and test for hypothesized therapeutic and preventive effects on murine colitis. Results from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, histopathological analysis, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed normal physical conditions of healthy dogs given Lactobacillus, and blood biochemical indices showed no significant differences in markers, indicating safety of Lactobacillus to healthy dogs. The microbiota in animals receiving VB12 -producing Lactobacillus probiotic exhibited decreased abundance of Escherichia coli and concomitant increase in Lactobacillus. The probiotic supplement also resulted in downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines in murine colon tissues, reduced myeloperoxidase activity and malondialdehyde level, and significantly increased serum VB12 level and decreased homocysteine in therapeutic and preventive experiments. Moreover, Lactobacillus supplement decreased colonic inflammation and injury, improved gut microbiota, and ameliorated VB12 deficiency as an adjunctive therapy. We conclude this product is potentially beneficial for efficient therapy and prevention of VB12 deficiency form intestinal inflammation in canine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Benrui Li
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiaxin Mu
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinru Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kevin J Waldron
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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6
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Thanki KK, Johnson P, Higgins EJ, Maskey M, Phillips C, Dash S, Almenas FA, Govar AA, Tian B, Villéger R, Beswick E, Wang R, Szabo C, Chao C, Pinchuk IV, Hellmich MR, Módis K. Deletion of cystathionine-γ-lyase in bone marrow-derived cells promotes colitis-associated carcinogenesis. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102417. [PMID: 35933902 PMCID: PMC9357841 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by widespread relapsing inflammation of the colonic mucosa. Colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is one of the most serious complications of a prolonged history of UC. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as an important physiological mediator of gastrointestinal homeostasis, limiting mucosal inflammation and promoting tissue healing in response to injury. Inhibition of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE)-dependent H2S production in animal models of UC has been shown to exacerbate colitis and delay tissue repair. It is unknown whether CSE plays a role in CAC, or the downregulation of CSE expression and/or activity promotes CAC development. In humans, we observed a significant decrease in CSE expression in colonic biopsies from patients with UC. Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model of epithelium injury-induced colitis and global CSE KO mouse strain, we demonstrated that CSE is critical in limiting mucosal inflammation and stimulating epithelial cell proliferation in response to injury. In vitro studies showed that CSE activity stimulates epithelial cell proliferation, basal and cytokine-stimulated cell migration, as well as cytokine regulation of transepithelial permeability. In the azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS model of CAC, the loss of CSE expression accelerated both the development and progression of CAC. The increased tumor multiplicity and severity of CAC observed in CSE-KO mice were associated with reduced levels of mucosal IL-10 expression and increased levels of IL-6. Restoring CSE expression in bone marrow (BM) cells of CSE-KO mice through reciprocal BM transplantation raised mucosal IL-10 expression, decreased IL-6 level, and reduced the number of aberrant crypt foci and tumors in AOM/DSS-treated mice. These studies demonstrate that CSE expression in BM cells plays a critical role in suppressing CAC in mice. Furthermore, the data suggest that the inhibitory effects of CSE on the development of CAC are due, in part, to the modulation of mucosal pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan K Thanki
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Paul Johnson
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Edward J Higgins
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Manjit Maskey
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Ches'Nique Phillips
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Swetaleena Dash
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | | | | | - Bing Tian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Romain Villéger
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Ellen Beswick
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Celia Chao
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Irina V Pinchuk
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Mark R Hellmich
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Katalin Módis
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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7
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Olivera PA, Zuily S, Kotze PG, Regnault V, Al Awadhi S, Bossuyt P, Gearry RB, Ghosh S, Kobayashi T, Lacolley P, Louis E, Magro F, Ng SC, Papa A, Raine T, Teixeira FV, Rubin DT, Danese S, Peyrin-Biroulet L. International consensus on the prevention of venous and arterial thrombotic events in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 18:857-873. [PMID: 34453143 PMCID: PMC8395387 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00492-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of thrombotic events. Therapies for IBD have the potential to modulate this risk. The aims of this Evidence-Based Guideline were to summarize available evidence and to provide practical recommendations regarding epidemiological aspects, prevention and drug-related risks of venous and arterial thrombotic events in patients with IBD. A virtual meeting took place in May 2020 involving 14 international IBD experts and 3 thrombosis experts from 12 countries. Proposed statements were voted upon in an anonymous manner. Agreement was defined as at least 75% of participants voting as 'fully agree' or 'mostly agree' with each statement. For each statement, the level of evidence was graded according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) grading system. Consensus was reached for 19 statements. Patients with IBD harbour an increased risk of venous and arterial thrombotic events. Thromboprophylaxis is indicated during hospitalization of any cause in patients with IBD. Disease activity is a modifiable risk factor in patients with IBD, and physicians should aim to achieve deep remission to reduce the risk. Exposure to steroids should be limited. Antitumour necrosis factor agents might be associated with a reduced risk of thrombotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Olivera
- Gastroenterology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Stephane Zuily
- Vascular Medicine Division and Regional Competence Center for Rare Vascular and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- University of Lorraine, INSERM, DCAC, Nancy, France
| | - Paulo G Kotze
- IBD outpatient clinics, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Sameer Al Awadhi
- Gastroenterology Division, Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE
| | - Peter Bossuyt
- Imelda GI Clinical Research Center, Imelda General Hospital, Bonheiden, Belgium
| | - Richard B Gearry
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Subrata Ghosh
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Taku Kobayashi
- Center for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato University, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Edouard Louis
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHU Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Fernando Magro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alfredo Papa
- Division of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tim Raine
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - David T Rubin
- University of Chicago Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Silvio Danese
- IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Department of Gastroenterology and INSERM NGERE U1256, University Hospital of Nancy, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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8
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Yang P, Wang L, Tang X, Liang Y. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 1298 A>C polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease: evidence from a meta-analysis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2021; 17:1221-1229. [PMID: 34528870 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2021.1982384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between genetic variants in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and risk for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been widely studied. However, the results are equivocal. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the association between MTHFR polymorphisms and susceptibility to IBD. METHODS We retrieved studies from the PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Data were analyzed using STATA software; odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using fixed or random effects models. RESULTS A marginally significant association of the MTHFR 677 C > T polymorphism and patients' IBD risk was observed in the overall analysis (OR = 1.11, 95% CI, 1.01-1.23), but not in the analysis of high-quality studies. However, for the MTHFR 1298 A > C polymorphism, a significant association was found between the MTHFR 1298 AC/CC genotypes and IBD risk in the overall analysis (OR = 1.26, 95% CI, 1.10-1.44), in the high-quality studies (OR = 1.20, 95% CI, 1.02-1.41), and in patients with ulcerative colitis (OR = 1.28, 95% CI, 1.10-1.48). CONCLUSIONS Evidence from this meta-analysis indicates that the MTHFR 1298 A > C polymorphism may be responsible for susceptibility to IBD and ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingliang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xingming Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yundan Liang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P.R. China
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9
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Al Mutairi F. Hyperhomocysteinemia: Clinical Insights. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2020; 12:1179573520962230. [PMID: 33100834 PMCID: PMC7549175 DOI: 10.1177/1179573520962230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfhydryl-containing amino acid, and intermediate metabolite formed in metabolising methionine (Met) to cysteine (Cys); defective Met metabolism can increase Hcy. The effect of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on human health, is well described and associated with multiple clinical conditions. HHcy is considered to be an independent risk factor for common cardiovascular and central nervous disorders, where its role in folate metabolism and choline catabolism is fundamental in many metabolic pathways. HHcy induces inflammatory responses via increasing the pro-inflammatory cytokines and downregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines which lead to Hcy-induced cell apoptosis. Conflicting evidence indicates that the development of the homocysteine-associated cerebrovascular disease may be prevented by the maintenance of normal Hcy levels. In this review, we discuss common conditions associated with HHcy and biochemical diagnostic workup that may help in reaching diagnosis at early stages. Furthermore, future systematic studies need to prove the exact pathophysiological mechanism of HHcy at the cellular level and the effect of Hcy lowering agents on disease courses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuad Al Mutairi
- Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Role of Pharmacological Therapy and Surgery. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9072115. [PMID: 32635542 PMCID: PMC7408761 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Alongside the traditional acquired and genetic risk factors for VTE, patients with IBD have pathogenic and clinical peculiarities that are responsible for the increased number of thromboembolic events occurring during their life. A relevant role in modifying this risk in a pro or antithrombotic manner is played by pharmacological therapies and surgery. The availability of several biological agents and small-molecule drugs with different mechanisms of action allows us to also tailor the treatment based on the individual prothrombotic risk to reduce the occurrence of VTE. Available review articles did not provide sufficient and updated knowledge on this topic. Therefore, we assessed the role of each single treatment, including surgery, in modifying the risk of VTE in patients with IBD to provide physicians with recommendations to minimize VTE occurrence. We found that the use of steroids, particularly if prolonged, increased VTE risk, whereas the use of infliximab seemed to reduce such risk. The data relating to the hypothesized prothrombotic risk of tofacitinib were insufficient to draw definitive conclusions. Moreover, surgery has an increased prothrombotic risk. Therefore, implementing measures to prevent VTE, not only with pharmacological prophylaxis but also by reducing patient- and surgery-specific risk factors, is necessary. Our findings confirm the importance of the knowledge of the effect of each single drug or surgery on the overall VTE risk in patients with IBD, even if further data, particularly regarding newer drugs, are needed.
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11
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Kim SY, Mun EC, Chung JW, Ha M, Ahn SM, Han MD, Han SH, Yun SC, Kim JH, Kim KO, Kim YJ, Kwon KA, Park DK. Increased genomic damage and vitamin B status in inflammatory bowel disease patients: A case-control, prospective, pilot study. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 837:42-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Severe Crohn's Disease Manifestations in a Child with Cystathionine β-Synthase Deficiency. ACG Case Rep J 2018; 5:e93. [PMID: 30775396 PMCID: PMC6358571 DOI: 10.14309/crj.2018.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are idiopathic autoimmune diseases that are characterized by inflammation of both the small and large intestine. Although IBD is common in the general population, the pathophysiology remains ambiguous. Clear understanding of IBD pathophysiology would be a major step toward curative treatment in the future. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been associated with multiple autoimmune diseases including IBD, but homocystinuria has not been associated with IBD before. We report a 9-year-old girl with Crohn’s disease and homocystinuria. Her gastrointestinal symptoms improved significantly upon classical homocystinuria treatment, and her last colonoscopy showed a pronounced remission. This case supports the inflammatory role of homocysteine in the gastrointestinal tract and the association between hyperhomocysteinemia and IBD manifestations.
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Severe Crohnʼs Disease Manifestations in a Child with Cystathionine β-Synthase Deficiency. ACG Case Rep J 2018. [DOI: 10.14309/02075970-201805120-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Association of ulcerative colitis with transcobalamin II gene polymorphisms and serum homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate levels in Chinese patients. Immunogenetics 2017; 69:421-428. [DOI: 10.1007/s00251-017-0998-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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16
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Heilmann RM, Grützner N, Iazbik MC, Lopes R, Bridges CS, Suchodolski JS, Couto CG, Steiner JM. Hyperhomocysteinemia in Greyhounds and its Association with Hypofolatemia and Other Clinicopathologic Variables. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 31:109-116. [PMID: 27864850 PMCID: PMC5259649 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Folate and cobalamin are essential cofactors for homocysteine (HCY) metabolism. Hyperhomocysteinemia, a multifactorial condition, may reflect B vitamin deficiency and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, thrombosis, and neurodegenerative and chronic gastrointestinal diseases in humans. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been reported in Greyhounds with suspected chronic enteropathy. Objectives To evaluate the frequencies of and the association between hypofolatemia and hyperhomocysteinemia in Greyhounds. Animals Data and serum samples from 559 Greyhounds. Methods Nested case‐control study. The frequency of hypofolatemia in Greyhounds was determined by a laboratory database search. The relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia (measured by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry) and hypocobalaminemia and hypofolatemia was evaluated, and its frequency compared between healthy Greyhounds and Greyhounds with thrombosis or chronic diarrhea. Results Hypofolatemia was identified in 172 of 423 (41%) Greyhounds and was more common in hypo‐ than in normocobalaminemic dogs (49% vs. 35%; P = .0064). Hyperhomocysteinemia was detected in 53 of 78 (68%) of Greyhounds, being more common in hypo‐ than in normofolatemic dogs (88% vs. 59%; P = .0175). All healthy Greyhounds, 21 of 30 (70%) of dogs with chronic diarrhea and 6 of 8 (75%) of those with thrombosis, were hyperhomocysteinemic. Serum HCY concentrations were inversely correlated with serum folate concentration (ρ = −0.28; P = .0386) and were positively associated with serum albumin concentration (ρ = 0.66; P = .0022). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Hyperhomocysteinemia occurs frequently in the Greyhound population. Its association with hypofolatemia suggests decreased intracellular availability of B vitamins, but the functional implications warrant further investigation. Hyperhomocysteinemia in Greyhounds potentially may serve as a spontaneous canine model to further investigate hyperhomocysteinemia in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Heilmann
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-4474.,Small Animal Clinic, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, SN, 04103, Germany
| | - N Grützner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-4474.,Farm Animal Clinic, Clinic for Swine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - M C Iazbik
- Veterinary Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210
| | - R Lopes
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-4474.,Center for Bioinformatics and Genomic Systems Engineering, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX, 77845
| | - C S Bridges
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-4474
| | - J S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-4474
| | - C G Couto
- Veterinary Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210.,Couto Veterinary Consultants, Hilliard, OH, 43026
| | - J M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-4474
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Lazzerini P, Capecchi P, Selvi E, Lorenzini S, Bisogno S, Galeazzi M, Laghi Pasini F. Hyperhomocysteinemia: a cardiovascular risk factor in autoimmune diseases? Lupus 2016; 16:852-62. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203307084176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies conducted over the past 25 years have provided ample support for the association of mild hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) with an elevated risk of atherothrombosis. Since autoimmune disorders (AD) are frequently associated with relevant and early signs of atherothrombotic damage not adequately explained by the traditional risk factors involved in the onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a large interest has been shown to the putative role of mild HHcy in this setting. On the basis of such considerations, we focused the attention on the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) and CVD in patients affected with autoimmune diseases, reviewing the most recent literature data and also providing our original experience. Although the large amount of available studies clearly shows that HHcy represents a common finding in patients affected with several autoimmune diseases, the actual role of Hcy in the development of CVD in the course of AD is not clear yet, perhaps, with the only exception of the systemic lupus erythematosus. In the other conditions, the role of Hcy in the pathogenesis of vascular complications is still a matter of debate, as the result of conflicting reports and/or lack of an adequate body of investigation. Lupus (2007) 16, 852—862.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.E. Lazzerini
- Divisions of Clinical Immunology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - P.L. Capecchi
- Divisions of Clinical Immunology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - E. Selvi
- Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Immunological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - S. Lorenzini
- Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Immunological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - S. Bisogno
- Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Immunological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M. Galeazzi
- Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Immunological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - F. Laghi Pasini
- Divisions of Clinical Immunology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Alkim H, Koksal AR, Boga S, Sen I, Alkim C. Etiopathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Thromboembolism in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2016; 23:501-510. [DOI: 10.1177/1076029616632906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The close relationship between inflammation and thrombosis affects the progression and severity of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The prevalence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) varies between 1% and 7% among patients with IBD. The VTE risk in patients with IBD is at least 3 times higher than that in the normal general population. The absolute risk is very high during hospitalization, active disease, and surgery. The IBD-related VTE occurs at younger ages and recurs more frequently. The development of thrombosis in IBD is due to the interaction of many hereditary and acquired risk factors. Each patient diagnosed with IBD should be evaluated for a personal and family history of thrombosis and for prothrombotic drug use. Although procoagulant factors are increased during the natural course of inflammation, natural anticoagulants and fibrinolytic activity are decreased. Although IBD is accepted as a prothrombotic condition, there is no treatment that can remove this risk from daily practice. Patient training is required to control important factors, such as long-term immobilization and smoking. Oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy should be avoided. Inducing permanent disease remission must be the key approach for the prevention of thrombosis. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is the basis of prophylactic treatment, which reduces the thrombosis risk by 50%. Prophylaxis with LMWH should be administered to all patients with IBD hospitalized due to disease attack or surgery. Long-term or even life-long anticoagulation therapy should be planned if there is insufficient disease control, recurrent VTE attacks, positive thrombophilia tests, or thrombosis in vital veins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Alkim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Riza Koksal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Salih Boga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilker Sen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Canan Alkim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Varzari A, Deyneko IV, Tudor E, Turcan S. Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genes in Moldavian patients with ulcerative colitis: Genotype-phenotype correlation. Meta Gene 2015; 7:76-82. [PMID: 26862484 PMCID: PMC4707243 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) are important enzymes for protection against oxidative stress. In addition, MTHFR has an essential role in DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation. Their polymorphisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of selected polymorphisms in these genes in the development of UC in the Moldavian population. Methods In a case-control study including 128 UC patients and 136 healthy individuals, GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes (polymorphic deletions) were determined using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The GSTP1 rs1695 (Ile105Val), MTHFR rs1801133 (C677T), and MTHFR rs1801131 (A1298C) polymorphisms were studied with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Genotype–phenotype correlations were examined using logistic regression analysis. Results None of the genotypes, either alone or in combination, showed a strong association with UC. The case-only sub-phenotypic association analysis showed an association of the MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphism with the extent of UC under co-dominant (p corrected = 0.040) and recessive (p corrected = 0.020; OR = 0.15; CI = 0.04–0.63) genetic models. Also, an association between the MTHFR rs1801131 polymorphism and the severity of UC was reported for the over-dominant model (p corrected = 0.023; coefficient = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.10–0.54). Conclusion The GST and MTHFR genotypes do not seem to be a relevant risk factor for UC in our sample. There was, however, evidence that variants in MTHFR may influence the clinical features in UC patients. Additional larger studies investigating the relationship between GST and MTHFR polymorphisms and UC are required.
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Key Words
- GST, Glutathione S-transferase
- Genetic polymorphism
- Glutathione S-transferases
- HWE, Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium
- IBD, Inflammatory bowel disease
- MTHFR, Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
- Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
- Moldavian population
- PCR, Polymerase chain reaction
- RFLP, Restriction fragment length polymorphism
- SAM, S-adenosyl methionine
- SNP, Single nucleotide polymorphism
- Susceptibility
- UC, Ulcerative colitis
- Ulcerative colitis
- n, Total number
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Varzari
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Institute of Phthisiopneumology, Kishinev, Republic of Moldova
| | - Igor V Deyneko
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elena Tudor
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Institute of Phthisiopneumology, Kishinev, Republic of Moldova
| | - Svetlana Turcan
- Department of Gastroenterology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Kishinev, Republic of Moldova
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Morais CC, Alves MC, Augusto EM, Abdalla DS, Horst MA, Cominetti C. The MTHFR C677T Polymorphism Is Related to Plasma Concentration of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein in Adolescents with Cardiovascular Risk Factors. JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS 2015; 8:105-13. [DOI: 10.1159/000439218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Verdoia M, Schaffer A, Barbieri L, Cassetti E, Di Giovine G, Marino P, De Luca G. Homocysteine and risk of periprocedural myocardial infarction in patients undergoing coronary stenting. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2015; 16:100-5. [DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e32836574f0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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22
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Verdoia M, Schaffer A, Cassetti E, Barbieri L, Di Giovine G, Marino P, De Luca G. MTHFR polymorphism and risk of periprocedural myocardial infarction after coronary stenting. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:532-537. [PMID: 24418373 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Pro-thrombotic status and platelet hyperreactivity still represent an important challenge for periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) after coronary stenting. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been suggested to increase the risk of cardiovascular events. The genetic variant of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677 C > T has been associated to reduced function of the enzyme, thus inducing hyperhomocysteinemia. In our study we investigated whether MTHFR 677 C > T polymorphism is associated with increased risk of periprocedural MI in patients undergoing coronary stenting. METHODS AND RESULTS We included 778 patients undergoing PCI. Homocysteinemia and genetic status were assessed at admission for all patients. Myonecrosis biomarkers were dosed at intervals from 6 to 48 h, PMI was defined as CKMB increase by 3 times the ULN or 50% of pre-PCI value, periprocedural myonecrosis for troponin I increase by 3 times the ULN or by 50% of the baseline. As many as 521 patients carried the MTHFR-T allele. No difference was found for main demographical and clinical features nor for biochemistry parameters, but for higher rate of statins treatment (p = 0.03) in T-carriers. Polymorphic patients displayed significantly higher levels of homocysteine (p = 0.005), with additive effect of the mutated T-alleles. Angiographic and procedural features were similar according to genetic status. MTHFR677T was not associated with periprocedural myocardial infarction (adjusted OR = 0.97[0.67-1.4], p = 0.87) or myonecrosis (adjusted OR = 1.03[0.83-1.36], p = 0.82). Same results were found at subgroup analysis in higher-risk subsets of patients. CONCLUSION Our study showed that among patients undergoing PCI, MTHFR 677 C > T polymorphism is associated to higher homocysteine levels, but does not influence the risk of periprocedural myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Verdoia
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità", Eastern Piedmont University, Novara, Italy
| | - A Schaffer
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità", Eastern Piedmont University, Novara, Italy
| | - E Cassetti
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità", Eastern Piedmont University, Novara, Italy
| | - L Barbieri
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità", Eastern Piedmont University, Novara, Italy
| | - G Di Giovine
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità", Eastern Piedmont University, Novara, Italy
| | - P Marino
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità", Eastern Piedmont University, Novara, Italy
| | - G De Luca
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità", Eastern Piedmont University, Novara, Italy.
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Nguyen GC, Bernstein CN, Bitton A, Chan AK, Griffiths AM, Leontiadis GI, Geerts W, Bressler B, Butzner JD, Carrier M, Chande N, Marshall JK, Williams C, Kearon C. Consensus statements on the risk, prevention, and treatment of venous thromboembolism in inflammatory bowel disease: Canadian Association of Gastroenterology. Gastroenterology 2014; 146:835-848.e6. [PMID: 24462530 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Guidelines for the management of venous thromboembolism (VTE) from the American College of Chest Physicians do not address patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a group with a high risk of both VTE and gastrointestinal bleeding. We present recommendations for the prevention and treatment of VTE in patients with IBD. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed to identify studies on VTE in IBD. The quality of evidence and strength of recommendations were rated according to the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Statements were developed through an iterative online platform, then finalized and voted on by a working group of adult and pediatric gastroenterologists and thrombosis specialists. RESULTS IBD patients have an approximately 3-fold higher risk of VTE compared with individuals without IBD, and disease flares further increase this risk. Anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis is recommended for IBD patients who are hospitalized with IBD flares without active bleeding and is suggested when bleeding is nonsevere. Anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis is suggested during moderate-severe IBD flares in outpatients with a history of VTE provoked by an IBD flare or an unprovoked VTE, but not otherwise. The recommended duration of anticoagulation after a first VTE is based on the presence of provoking factors. Specific suggestions are made for the prevention and treatment of VTE in pediatric and pregnant IBD patients. CONCLUSIONS Using the American College of Chest Physicians' guidelines as a foundation, we have integrated evidence from IBD studies to develop specific recommendations for the management of VTE in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey C Nguyen
- Mount Sinai Hospital Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Alain Bitton
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anthony K Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne M Griffiths
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Sick Kids Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - William Geerts
- Thromboembolism Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Bressler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J Decker Butzner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marc Carrier
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nilesh Chande
- Division of Gastroenterology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Chadwick Williams
- Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Memorial University, St John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Clive Kearon
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Kalantari H, Barekat SM, Maracy MR, Azadbakht L, Shahshahan Z. Nutritional status in patients with ulcerative colitis in Isfahan, Iran. Adv Biomed Res 2014; 3:58. [PMID: 24627866 PMCID: PMC3950790 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.125812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Malnutrition is common among patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The present study aimed to investigate the nutritional status of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients in Isfahan, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive analytical cross-sectional study, between Dec 2011 and Jun 2012, 99 patients with UC were randomly selected and evaluated. Age, sex, duration of disease, body mass index (BMI) and laboratory parameters recorded for all patients. Nutritional risk index (NRI) was calculated and its association with patients’ variables was assessed with regard to UC disease severity. Results: Twelve patients out of 99 patients had mild UC and 87 patients had moderate to severe UC. Based on the NRI, 90.9% were not malnourished and 9.1% were at moderate to severe risk for malnutrition. Among laboratory parameters only, serum potassium level in patients with moderate to severe UC was significantly higher than those with mild UC (P = 0.017). Other laboratory parameters were similar between patients stratified by US status. Patients age s significantly correlate with serum vitamin D, immunoglobulin a (IgA) and potassium level (P > 0.05), also duration of disease was significantly correlate with Phosphorus (P = 0.024) among laboratory parameters. Conclusion: In studied UC patients, malnutrition risk was based on degree of disease severity. Patients with moderate to severe UC were more at risk for malnutrition compared to the patients with mild UC. Furthermore, among laboratory parameters only serum potassium level was higher among patients with moderate to severe UC compared to others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Kalantari
- Department of Gastroenterology, Isfahan Liver Disease Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sayyed Majid Barekat
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Maracy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Shahshahan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Senhaji N, Serbati N, Diakité B, Arazzakou S, Hamzi K, Badre W, Nadifi S. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T variant in Moroccan patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gene 2013; 521:45-9. [PMID: 23542077 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of genetic polymorphisms related to metabolism of homocysteine and folate with inflammatory bowel disease has been evidenced. Several studies have identified genetic variants of MTHFR as significant susceptibility loci for Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The C677T genetic polymorphism in the MTHFR gene is found to be associated with a thermolabile variant enzyme that shows a reduced activity. Therefore, we investigated whether the C677T variant confers genetic susceptibility to CD or UC and evaluated the genotype-phenotype associations in the Moroccan population. METHODS The present study included 96 inflammatory bowel disease patients (68 patients with CD and 28 with UC) and 182 healthy controls. DNA samples were genotyped for the MTHFR (C677T) mutation by the PCR-RFLP method. Statistical analyzes were performed using MedCalc software, Chi square test and Fisher test. RESULTS The respective odds ratio for CD, UC and control group were, 1.55 (CI 95%: 0.53-4.53, P=0.52); 0.50 (CI 95%: 0.06-4.15, P=0.52) and 0.50 (CI 95%: 0.06-4.15, P=0.52). Thus, no statistically significant association with the disease was observed in frequency of the TT variant in comparison to healthy controls. Stratification of IBD patients on the basis of CD or UC showed that individuals carrying at least one T allele are not protected against Crohn's disease. Furthermore, clinical features of the disease did not show any significant association. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the present study indicates that the genetic risk for IBD is not modulated by MTHFR C677T polymorphism in Moroccan population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezha Senhaji
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Pathology (LGPM), Medical School, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
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26
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Rossi G, Breda S, Giordano A, Pengo G, Dall'Ara P, Rossi G, Bo S, Paltrinieri S. Association between hypocobalaminaemia and hyperhomocysteinaemia in dogs. Vet Rec 2013; 172:365. [PMID: 23396527 DOI: 10.1136/vr.101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Rossi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health, University of Milan, 20133, Italy
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Hwang C, Ross V, Mahadevan U. Micronutrient deficiencies in inflammatory bowel disease: from A to zinc. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012; 18:1961-81. [PMID: 22488830 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.22906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has classically been associated with malnutrition and weight loss, although this has become less common with advances in treatment and greater proportions of patients attaining clinical remission. However, micronutrient deficiencies are still relatively common, particularly in CD patients with active small bowel disease and/or multiple resections. This is an updated literature review of the prevalence of major micronutrient deficiencies in IBD patients, focusing on those associated with important extraintestinal complications, including anemia (iron, folate, vitamin B12) bone disease (calcium, vitamin D, and possibly vitamin K), hypercoagulability (folate, vitamins B6, and B12), wound healing (zinc, vitamins A and C), and colorectal cancer risk (folate and possibly vitamin D and calcium).
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Hwang
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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Givvimani S, Munjal C, Narayanan N, Aqil F, Tyagi G, Metreveli N, Tyagi SC. Hyperhomocysteinemia decreases intestinal motility leading to constipation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2012; 303:G281-90. [PMID: 22595990 PMCID: PMC3423105 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00423.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Elevated levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) called hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) have been implicated in inflammation and remodeling in intestinal vasculature, and HHcy is also known to aggravate the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Interestingly, colon is the pivotal site that regulates Hcy levels in the plasma. We hypothesize that HHcy decreases intestinal motility through matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)-induced intestinal remodeling leading to constipation. To verify this hypothesis, we used C57BL/6J or wild-type (WT), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS(+/-)), MMP-9(-/-), and MMP-9(-/-) + Hcy mice. Intestinal motility was assessed by barium meal studies and daily feces output. Plasma Hcy levels were measured by HPLC. Expression of ICAM-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, MMP-9, and tissue inhibitors of MMPs was studied by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) including super oxide were measured by the Invitrogen molecular probe method. Tissue nitric oxide levels were assessed by a commercially available kit. Plasma Hcy levels in the treated MMP-9 group mice were comparable to CBS(+/-) mice. Barium meal studies suggest that intestinal motility is significantly decreased in CBS(+/-) mice compared with other groups. Fecal output-to-body weight ratio was significantly reduced in CBS(+/-) mice compared with other groups. There was significant upregulation of MMP-9, iNOS, and ICAM-1 expression in the colon from CBS(+/-) mice compared with WT mice. Levels of ROS, superoxide, and inducible nitric oxide were elevated in the CBS(+/-) mice compared with other groups. Results suggest that HHcy decreases intestinal motility due to MMP-9-induced intestinal remodeling leading to constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Givvimani
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - C. Munjal
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - N. Narayanan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - F. Aqil
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - G. Tyagi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - N. Metreveli
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - S. C. Tyagi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
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Dietary folate does not significantly affect the intestinal microbiome, inflammation or tumorigenesis in azoxymethane-dextran sodium sulphate-treated mice. Br J Nutr 2012; 109:630-8. [PMID: 23021249 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114512001857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a risk factor for the development of colon cancer. Environmental factors including diet and the microflora influence disease outcome. Folate and homocysteine have been associated with IBD-mediated colon cancer but their roles remain unclear. We used a model of chemically induced ulcerative colitis (dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)) with or without the colon carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM) to determine the impact of dietary folic acid (FA) on colonic microflora and the development of colon tumours. Male mice (n 15 per group) were fed a FA-deficient (0 mg/kg), control (2 mg/kg) or FA-supplemented (8 mg/kg) diet for 12 weeks. Folate status was dependent on the diet (P< 0·001) and colitis-induced treatment (P= 0·04) such that mice with colitis had lower circulating folate. FA had a minimal effect on tumour initiation, growth and progression, although FA-containing diets tended to be associated with a higher tumour prevalence in DSS-treated mice (7-20 v. 0%, P= 0·08) and the development of more tumours in the distal colon of AOM-treated mice (13-83% increase, P= 0·09). Folate deficiency was associated with hyperhomocysteinaemia (P< 0·001) but homocysteine negatively correlated with tumour number (r - 0·58, P= 0·02) and load (r - 0·57, P= 0·02). FA had no effect on the intestinal microflora. The present data indicate that FA intake has no or little effect on IBD or IBD-mediated colon cancer in this model and that hyperhomocysteinaemia is a biomarker of dietary status and malabsorption rather than a cause of IBD-mediated colon cancer.
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Tezel A, Demir M. Inflammatory bowel disease and thrombosis. Turk J Haematol 2012; 29:111-9. [PMID: 24744641 PMCID: PMC3986948 DOI: 10.5505/tjh.2012.04557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a group of chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinalsystem. In these cases, findings are detected in extraintestinal systems also. There is a tendency for thrombotic eventsin IBD, as in the other inflammatory processes. The pathogenesis of this thrombotic tendency is multidimensional,including lack of natural anticoagulants, prothrombotic media induced via the inflammatory process, long-termsedentary life style, steroid use, surgery, and catheter placement. The aim of this review was to highlight the positiverelationship between IBD and thrombotic events, and the proper treatment of at-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Tezel
- Trakya University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Demir
- Trakya University, School of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Edirne, Turkey
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard E Mullin
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Carnegie 464, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Oussalah A, Guéant JL, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Meta-analysis: hyperhomocysteinaemia in inflammatory bowel diseases. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34:1173-84. [PMID: 21967576 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04864.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The magnitude of association between homocysteine metabolism and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) remains unknown, whereas the association between hyperhomocysteinaemia and thrombosis remains controversial in IBD. AIM To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine these issues. METHODS The literature search was conducted using MEDLINE database and international conference abstracts from January 1966 to April 2011 and included all studies that evaluated plasma homocysteine level in IBD. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies evaluated the plasma homocysteine level and/or hyperhomocysteinaemia risk in IBD patients. Five studies assessed the association of hyperhomocysteinaemia with thrombosis. The mean plasma homocysteine level was significantly higher in IBD patients when compared with controls (weighted mean difference (WMD)=3.75 μmol/L; 95% CI, 2.23-5.26 μmol/L; P<0.0001; reference ranges for plasma homocysteine level: 5-12 μmol/L). The mean plasma homocysteine level did not differ between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) (WMD=0.41 μmol/L; 95% CI, -2.45 to 3.06 μmol/L; P=0.76). The risk of hyperhomocysteinaemia was significantly higher in IBD patients when compared with controls [odds ratio (OR)=4.65; 95% CI, 3.04-7.09; P<0.0001]. The risk of hyperhomocysteinaemia was not higher among IBD patients who experienced thromboembolic complications (OR=1.97; 95% CI, 0.83-4.67; P=0.12). Plasma folate level was inversely correlated with IBD risk associated with MTHFR C677T polymorphism (P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS The risk of hyperhomocysteinaemia is significantly higher in IBD patients when compared with controls. The risk assessment of hyperhomocysteinaemia-related thrombosis in IBD requires further investigation. Deficient folate status is associated with a higher impact of MTHFR C677T polymorphism on IBD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oussalah
- INSERM U954, Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Nutrition, Henri Poincaré University Nancy 1, and University Hospital of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Hyperhomocysteinemia and Related Genetic Polymorphisms Correlate with Ulcerative Colitis in Southeast China. Cell Biochem Biophys 2011; 62:203-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-011-9283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Kallel L, Feki M, Sekri W, Segheir L, Fekih M, Boubaker J, Kaabachi N, Filali A. Prevalence and risk factors of hyperhomocysteinemia in Tunisian patients with Crohn's disease. J Crohns Colitis 2011; 5:110-4. [PMID: 21453879 DOI: 10.1016/j.crohns.2010.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/29/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The role of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) and its determinants in Crohn's disease (CD) remain uncertain. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of HHC and its main risk factors in Tunisian patients with CD. METHODS This study included 89 patients with CD and 103 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. Fasting venous blood was collected in all subjects allowing the assessment of homocysteine, folate, vitamin B(12), C-reactive protein and creatinine levels. Logistic regression models were applied to identify factors associated with HHC in CD patients. RESULTS Plasma homocysteine was higher (13.69 ± 4.84μmol/l vs. 10.77 ± 2.80μmol/l; p<0.01) and HHC was more frequent (31.5% vs. 7.8%; p<0.001) in patients compared with controls. The association between HHC and CD persisted after adjustment for smoking, body mass index and serum folate, vitamin B(12), creatinine and C-reactive protein. In patients with CD, multivariate analysis showed that HHC was positively associated with age [multi-adjusted odds-ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.14 (1.06-1.24); p<0.001], active disease [7.54 (1.15-49.3); p=0.03], disease duration >2 years [8.69 (1.53-49.3); p=0.02] and inversely related to plasma folate [0.64 (0.48-0.84); p=0.002] and vitamin B(12) (0.993 (0.987-0.999); p=0.02]. CONCLUSION HHC is common in Tunisian patients with CD and is related to B vitamins deficit, as well as disease activity and duration. Further studies should test the effect of correction of HHC by vitamin B supplementation on progression and complications of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Kallel
- UR 99/08-34, Service of Gastroenterology A, Rabta Hospital, 1007 Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia.
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Abstract
The Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is characterized by hepatic venous outflow obstruction involving the hepatic veins, inferior vena cava, or both. BCS has occasionally been reported in the literature as a very rare complication of ulcerative colitis. However, association of Crohn's disease (CD) and BCS is extremely rare with only a single case reported in the world literature to date. We report a case of a young woman with chronically active, therapy-resistant CD who developed massive ascites, elevation of liver enzymes, and coagulopathy in the course of her disease. She was subsequently diagnosed with BCS for which a successful liver transplantation was performed. Chronically active therapy resistant CD and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene mutation have been identified as possible risk factors for development of BCS in this patient.
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Jiang Y, Zhao J, Jiang T, Ge L, Zhou F, Chen Z, Lei Y, Huang S, Xia B. Genetic polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase G1793A, hyperhomocysteinemia, and folate deficiency correlate with ulcerative colitis in central China. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 25:1157-61. [PMID: 20594233 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06286.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) encoding genes were associated with ulcerative colitis in Chinese in our previous study. We further studied association of a new polymorphism of MTHFR G1793A with ulcerative colitis and assessed relationship of this polymorphism with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy, > or = 15 mmol/L) and deficiency of folate (< or = 7 nmol/L) and vitamin B(12) (< or = 150 pmol/L) in a cohort of patients with ulcerative colitis in central China. METHODS A total of 252 patients and 654 healthy controls were recruited. Polymorphism of MTHFR G1793A was examined using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Plasma levels of homocysteine (Hcy), folate and vitamin B(12) were determined by enzymatic cycling assay and corpuscle immune chemiluminescence assay, respectively. RESULTS Frequencies of alleles and genotypes in MTHFR G1793A gene differed significantly between ulcerative colitis patients and the healthy controls (20.83% vs 10.47%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.703-2.972, P = 0.0006; 40.48% vs 19.88%, 95% CI: 1.997-3.761, P = 0.0002, respectively). Plasma Hcy levels were higher and folate and vitamin B(12) concentrations were lower in the patients than in the healthy controls (21.72 +/- 6.59 vs 12.47 +/- 5.02, 95% CI: -10.93--7.58, P < 0.0001; 11.25 +/- 6.19 vs 15.28 +/- 7.72, 95% CI: 2.03-6.04; P < 0.001; 322.81 +/- 128.47 vs 442.59 +/- 129.36, 95% CI: 62.61-136.95, P < 0.0001, respectively). HHcy and folate deficiency were more prevalent in patients with ulcerative colitis (45.32% vs 26.17%, 95% CI: 1.285-4.378, P = 0.005; 30.68% vs 13.0%, 95% CI: 1.416-6.197, P = 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS MTHFR G1793A gene polymorphism, HHcy, folate deficiency and low vitamin B(12) concentration were associated with ulcerative colitis in central China. Our findings demonstrate that the Hcy-related gene and metabolites are involved in pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, Clinical Research Center for Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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Yazici A, Senturk O, Aygun C, Celebi A, Caglayan C, Hulagu S. Thrombophilic Risk Factors in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterology Res 2010; 3:112-119. [PMID: 27942288 PMCID: PMC5139764 DOI: 10.4021/gr2010.06.209w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients have an increased risk for thromboembolism. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of thrombophilic risk factors in IBD patients and to assess the associations of these factors with disease activity. Methods Forty-eight patients with IBD (24 ulcerative colitis, 24 Crohn’s disease) and 40 matched healthy control individuals were enrolled. In addition to routine biochemical analysis, fasting blood samples were studied for prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, protein-C, protein-S, antithrombin III, factor VII, factor VIII, D-dimer, vitamin B12, folic acid and homocysteine. Results Levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, D-dimer and the number of platelets were significantly higher in patients with IBD. When compared to control group, in patients with Crohn’s disease serum homocystein levels were significantly higher (p = 0.025) while serum folic acid levels were significantly lower (p < 0.019). Levels of fibrinogen, D-dimer, protein C, factor VIII, total homocystein and the number of platelets were found to be significantly higher in Crohn’s disease patients who were in active period of the disease. Conclusions Thrombophilic defects are multifactorial and might be frequently seen in IBD patients. They might contribute to thrombotic complications of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayten Yazici
- Kocaeli University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Omer Senturk
- Kocaeli University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Cem Aygun
- Kocaeli University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Altay Celebi
- Kocaeli University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Caglayan
- Kocaeli University Medical Faculty Department of Public Health, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Sadettin Hulagu
- Kocaeli University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Akbulut S, Altiparmak E, Topal F, Ozaslan E, Kucukazman M, Yonem O. Increased levels of homocysteine in patients with ulcerative colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:2411-6. [PMID: 20480528 PMCID: PMC2874147 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i19.2411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate serum levels of homocysteine (Hcys) and the risk that altered levels carry for thrombosis development in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.
METHODS: 55 UC patients and 45 healthy adults were included. Hcys, vitamin B12 and folic acid levels were measured in both groups. Clinical history and thromboembolic events were investigated.
RESULTS: The average Hcys level in the UC patients was 13.3 ± 1.93 μmmol/L (range 4.60-87) and was higher than the average Hcys level of the control group which was 11.2 ± 3.58 μmmol/L (range 4.00-20.8) (P < 0.001). Vitamin B12 and folic acid average values were also lower in the UC group (P < 0.001). When multivariate regression analysis was performed, it was seen that folic acid deficiency was the only risk factor for hyperhomocysteinemia. Frequencies of thromboembolic complications were not statistically significantly different in UC and control groups. When those with and without a thrombosis history in the UC group were compared according to Hcys levels, it was seen that there were no statistically significant differences. A negative linear relationship was found between folic acid levels and Hcys.
CONCLUSION: We could not find any correlations between Hcys levels and history of prior thromboembolic events.
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Zintzaras E. Genetic variants of homocysteine/folate metabolism pathway and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a synopsis and meta-analysis of genetic association studies. Biomarkers 2010; 15:69-79. [PMID: 20085490 DOI: 10.3109/13547500903297184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A synopsis and meta-analysis of studies that investigated the association between genetic variants involved in the homocysteine/folate metabolism pathway and risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were conducted. Four variants (MTHFR C6TTT, MTHFR A1298C, MTR A2756G and MTRR A66G) showed significant associations in individual studies. In meta-analyses, only the variant MTR A2756G indicated an association with the risk of IBD for the allele contrast and the dominant model (odds ratio (OR) 1.48 (1.12-1.97) and OR 1.55 (1.12-2.15), respectively). The effect sizes for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis were similar to IBD. Cumulative meta-analysis for C677T indicated a downward trend of association as information accumulates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Zintzaras
- Department of Biomathematics, University of Thessaly School of Medicine, Larissa, Greece.
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Increased folate intake with no changes in serum homocysteine and decreased levels of C-reactive protein in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Dig Dis Sci 2009; 54:627-33. [PMID: 18633707 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-008-0398-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2008] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to increase dietary folic acid intake and to improve nutritional status regarding folate by controlling homocysteine concentrations, ten patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease in the colon and ulcerative colitis) received individualized nutritional guidance and were followed up as outpatients for 2 months. The following procedures were performed at the beginning of the study (T0), after 1 month (T1) and at the end of the study (T2): collection of anthropometric data (weight and height), dietary data (24 h diet recall), and blood under fasting condition for the determination of serum folic acid, homocysteine, C-reactive protein, and vitamin B12. Plasma folic acid deficiency was not detected but hyperhomocysteinemia was present in six individuals and C-reactive protein (CRP) was increased (>0.5 mg/dl) in seven patients. After the patients were instructed there was a significant increase in vitamin B6 intake (about 35%) and in folate intake (49.6%). Mean plasma levels of folic acid, homocysteine, and vitamin B12 did not change, but there was a significant decrease of CRP at T1, 0.36 mg dl(-1) on average (P = 0.01), which was maintained at T2. We conclude that the increased folate intake reported by this group of patients was not reflected in improved serum concentrations of folic acid and homocysteine. However, the guidelines for the patients probably induced them to choose a more adequate diet, providing nutrients that help control the inflammatory process.
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Wani NA, Hamid A, Kaur J. Folate status in various pathophysiological conditions. IUBMB Life 2009; 60:834-42. [PMID: 18942083 DOI: 10.1002/iub.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Folate is the generic term for compounds that have vitamin activity similar to that of pteroylglutamic acid. Folate acts as a coenzyme in several single carbon transfers involved in biosynthesis of purine nucleotides and deoxythymidylic acid essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. In addition, folate provides one-carbon unit for methylation of a wide variety of biological substances including DNA, proteins, phospholipids, and neurotransmitters, thereby regulating their function. Recent epidemiological-clinical and experimental studies suggest the association of folate deficiency with the risk of various cancers, birth defects, and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, it is important to consider the conditions that are associated with altered folate status and their consequences. The impairment in folate status has been found in number of pathophysiological conditions like inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, alcoholism, pregnancy, neonatal growth, and during administration of some drugs. The recent advances dealing with mechanistic aspects of impaired folate status in these conditions have been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nissar Ahmad Wani
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160 012, India
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Díez-Tejedor E, Fuentes B. Stroke related to systemic illness and complicated surgery. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2009; 93:935-954. [PMID: 18804687 DOI: 10.1016/s0072-9752(08)93046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Exuperio Díez-Tejedor
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid autonomous university, Madrid, Spain.
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Trabetti E. Homocysteine,MTHFR gene polymorphisms, and cardio-cerebrovascular risk. J Appl Genet 2008; 49:267-82. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03195624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chen M, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Xia B, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Bronowicki JP, Bigard MA, Guéant JL. Methionine synthase A2756G polymorphism may predict ulcerative colitis and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T pancolitis, in Central China. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2008; 9:78. [PMID: 18700049 PMCID: PMC2533647 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-9-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Accepted: 08/13/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The association of genetic polymorphisms related to metabolism of homocysteine with inflammatory bowel disease has been evidenced in Crohn disease and remains an open question in ulcerative colitis. We evaluated the association of the polymorphisms of MTHFR, MTR, MTRR and TCN2 genes with ulcerative colitis in Central China. Methods 168 patients were genotyped for these polymorphisms and compared to 219 matched controls. Results Methionine synthase 2756G allele frequency was higher in ulcerative colitis than in controls 0.15 (95% C.I. 0.11–0.19) vs 0.09 (95% C.I. 0.07 – 0.12), (P = 0.0137) and predicted ulcerative colitis risk in logistic regression, with an Odds ratio at 1.8 (95% C.I. 1.15–2.84). Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677TT genotype was 2.7-fold more prevalent in individuals with pancolitis than in those with left colitis or proctitis, with respective percentages of 27.3 (95% C.I.16.4–42.0) and 10.5 (95% C.I. 6.3–17.1) (P = 0.0123). The carriage of 677TT or 677CT/1298AC genotypes of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase was more frequent in cases with pancolitis than in subjects with left colitis or proctitis (P = 0.0048), with an Odds ratio adjusted by age and sex at 3.3 (95% C.I. 1.4–7.9), P = 0.0084) in logistic regression. Conclusion Methionine synthase and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase are genes of vitamin B12 and folate cellular metabolism associated respectively with risk and extent of ulcerative colitis, at least in Central China. This finding may open new insights, particularly for the potential interest in treating patients carrying the 677TT MTHFR genetic trait and a deficit in folate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Inserm, U724, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Nancy-Université, Nancy- Vandoeuvre, France.
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Effects of hyperhomocysteinemia on non-adrenergic non-cholinergic relaxation in isolated rat duodenum. Dig Dis Sci 2008; 53:2106-12. [PMID: 18535907 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-008-0318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 06/20/2007] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The effect of hyperhomocysteinemia induced by pretreatment with methionine 12 weeks prior to the study on the responses induced by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), electrical field stimulation (EFS), and ATP have been evaluated in isolated rat duodenum. In the presence of adrenergic and cholinergic blockade, EFS (60 V, 1 ms, 1-3 Hz) induced frequency-dependent relaxations of the preparation. GABA and ATP also caused submaximal relaxation of the rat duodenum. The relaxations induced by GABA, EFS, and ATP were not significantly changed in duodenal tissues from hyperhomocysteinemic rats compared with control rats. GABA- and EFS-induced relaxations were inhibited by N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 3 x 10(-4) M) in both hyperhomocysteinemic and control rats. On the other hand, L-NAME incubation did not affect ATP-induced relaxation. These results suggest that hyperhomocysteinemia does not cause an important impairment on non-adrenergic non-cholinergic innervation of the rat duodenum.
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Hyperhomocysteinemia in inflammatory bowel disease patients without past intestinal resections: correlations with cobalamin, pyridoxine, folate concentrations, acute phase reactants, disease activity, and prior thromboembolic complications. J Clin Gastroenterol 2008; 42:481-6. [PMID: 18344891 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0b013e318046eab0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Homocysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid formed during the demethylation of methionine and high levels of this amino acid is a known risk factor for both arterial and also venous thromboembolic complications. Deficiencies of cobalamin, folate, and pyridoxine may predispose subjects to hyperhomocysteinemia, a common phenomenon in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence, risk factors of hyperhomocysteinemia and its correlation with prior thromboembolic events in an IBD cohort without past intestinal resections. METHODS In this prospective study, we studied the concentrations of homocysteine, cobalamin, folate, and pyridoxine in 105 consecutive patients with IBD, of whom 11 had a prior history of thromboembolic complications. Data regarding smoking habits, medication use, disease location, and severity were gathered and patients with past intestinal resections were excluded. Age-matched and sex-matched 85 healthy volunteers served as controls and multivariate regression analysis was performed to find out independent predictors of hyperhomocysteinemia. RESULTS The mean age (+/-SD) in the IBD cohort was 38.69+/-12.13 years, and 51% were male. The mean age in the control group was 37.61+/-10.05 years, and 52% were male. Homocysteine concentrations in patients were higher [16.35 micromol/L (range 6.82 to 48.15) vs. 9.60 micromol/L (range 4.97 to 17.39), P=0.000] and hyperhomocysteinemia had a higher prevalence in patients than in the controls (56.2% vs. 4.7%, chi2=56.179, P=0.000), thus IBD significantly increased the risk of hyperhomocysteinemia [odds ratio=25.973 (95% confidence interval: 8.861-76.128)]. Homocysteine concentrations in patients with a history of thrombosis were not higher than those without a history of thrombosis [16.29 micromol/L (range 8.45 to 34.75) vs. 16.36 micromol/L (range 6.82 to 48.15), not significant]. Hyperhomocysteinemia was found in 54.5% of patients with thrombosis and 56.4% of patients without thrombosis (not significant). On stepwise regression analysis, plasma cobalamin level, albumin concentration, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and platelet count were found to be independent predictors of elevated homocysteine levels. CONCLUSIONS IBD patients have a higher prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia than do healthy controls and elevated homocysteine levels are independently associated with lower serum cobalamin, albumin levels and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and platelet count. There is no correlation between hyperhomocysteinemia and a history of prior thromboembolic events.
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Zepeda-Gómez S, Montano-Loza A, Zapata-Colindres JC, Vargas-Vorackova F, Majluf-Cruz A, Uscanga L. Oral challenge with a methionine load in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a better test to identify hyperhomocysteinemia. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2008; 14:383-8. [PMID: 17924554 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.20307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease have an increased risk of thrombosis. Hyperhomocysteinemia is one of the factors that have been related to thromboembolic complications. Patients with hyperhomocysteinemia and normal fasting homocysteine levels can be identified with an oral methionine load. We studied homocysteine levels in patients with IBD during fasting and after methionine load to determine the true prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia and its relation with thrombotic events. METHODS Prospective analysis of homocysteine levels in consecutive patients with IBD during fasting and 6-8 hours after an oral methionine load. Levels of folate and vitamin B12 were also determined. History of thrombotic events were recorded. RESULTS Eighty-two patients with IBD, 56 with UC and 26 with CD were included. Eighteen patients (22%) had hyperhomocysteinemia during fasting. Mean levels of homocysteine after methionine load were 20.4 +/- 18.1 micromol/l (range, 1-79.7 micromol/l), and 43 patients (52%) had hyperhomocysteinemia (> or =20 micromol/l) after methionine load. Six patients (7.3%) had history of thrombosis. The homocysteine levels during fasting and after methionine load were significantly higher in patients with thrombotic events than in patients without thrombosis (15.5 +/- 3.7 micromol/l vs. 6.6 +/- 6.5 micromol/l; P = 0.002; 44.5 +/- 20.9 micromol/l vs. 18.4 +/- 16.5 micromol/l; P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS There is a higher prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia in IBD patients than previously thought, this can be identified with an oral challenge of a methionine load. Hyperhomocysteinemia increases the risk of thromboembolic complications in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Zepeda-Gómez
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutricion, Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Vasco de Quiroga #15, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Peyrin-Biroulet L, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Chen M, Bronowicki JP, Bigard MA, Guéant JL. Association of MTRR 66A>G polymorphism with superoxide dismutase and disease activity in patients with Crohn's disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103:399-406. [PMID: 17925002 DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of nutritional (folate, vitamin B12) and genetic (MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, TCN) determinants of homocysteine metabolism and of superoxide dismutase with Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS One hundred forty patients with CD were compared with 248 matched healthy controls. RESULTS Plasma homocysteine levels were higher in CD patients than controls (11.8 vs 10.4 micromol/L, P= 0.0004). Vitamin B12 and folate levels were lower in CD subjects compared to controls (207 vs 255 pmol/L, P= 0.0082, and 8.6 vs 11 nmol/L, P= 0036, respectively). Patients with a personal history of ileal resection, ileitis, or colectomy had significantly lower vitamin B12 levels. In multivariate analysis, vitamin B12 and MTHFR 677 TT carriers were the two significant independent factors of plasma homocysteine >15 micromol/L in CD patients (P= 0.0187 and 0.0048, respectively). The significant association between homocysteine and vitamin B12 levels remained significant only in patients with the highest superoxide dismutase values (P < 0.0001). The MTRR AA genotype was a significant independent predictor of CD risk (odds ratio 3.7, 95% CI 1.218-11.649, P= 0.0213). The level of superoxide dismutase was significantly higher (P= 0.0143) and was correlated with Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) scores (P for trend = 0.0276) in patients carrying MTRR AA genotype. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin B12 and MTHFR 677 TT genotype are the main determinants of hyperhomocysteinemia in CD patients. The association of MTRR 66A>G polymorphism with oxidant stress and disease activity provides rationale for screening vitamin deficiencies in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Inserm, U724, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
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Phelip JM, Ducros V, Faucheron JL, Flourie B, Roblin X. Association of hyperhomocysteinemia and folate deficiency with colon tumors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2008; 14:242-8. [PMID: 17941074 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.20309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folate deficiency associated with hyperhomocysteinemia might increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate factors associated with colonic carcinogenesis, in particular, folate and homocysteinemia levels, in a cross-sectional study of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS IBD patients with carcinogenic lesions discovered during colonoscopy [dysplasia-associated lesion or masses (DALM), colorectal cancer] were included and compared with the whole population of IBD patients with a normal colonoscopy performed during the same period. The following parameters were collected at the time of colonoscopy: age, sex, type, duration, activity, and extent of the disease, treatment, smoking status, and vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteinemia levels. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed after adjusting for the main parameters. RESULTS One hundred and fourteen patients [41 with ulcerative colitis (UC), 73 with Crohn's disease (CD)] were included. Twenty-six carcinogenic lesions were isolated: 18 DALM (7 high-grade and 11 low-grade dysplasia) and 8 colorectal cancers. In univariate analysis, the factors associated with carcinogenesis were: active smoking (P = 0.03), folate level < 145 pmol/L (P = 0.02), hyperhomocysteinemia > 15 micromol/L (P = 0.003), duration of disease > 10 years (P = 0.006), and UC (P = 0.02). In multivariate analysis, patients with hyperhomocysteinemia associated with folate deficiency had 17 times as many carcinogenic lesions as patients with normal homocysteinemia whatever the folate status and duration of the disease (P = 0.01). Patients with hyperhomocysteinemia without folate deficiency had 2.5 times as many carcinogenic lesions as patients with normal homocysteinemia (P = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that in IBD patients with normal homocysteinemia, the increase in carcinogenic risk is negligible. Conversely, in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia, folate deficiency may be associated with increased colorectal carcinogenesis in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Marc Phelip
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Grenoble, France.
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Chiusolo P, Reddiconto G, Farina G, Mannocci A, Fiorini A, Palladino M, La Torre G, Fianchi L, Sorà F, Laurenti L, Leone G, Sica S. MTHFR polymorphisms’ influence on outcome and toxicity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Leuk Res 2007; 31:1669-74. [PMID: 17512587 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2007.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2006] [Revised: 03/23/2007] [Accepted: 03/30/2007] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Recently the influence of polymorphisms of different genes involved in metabolism of chemoterapic agents have been studied especially in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We evaluated the influence of C677T and A1298C methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms on time to relapse and survival and on methotrexate (MTX) toxicity in 82 ALL adult patients. Relapse free survival and event free survival between homozygous wild-type and variant patients in both polymorphisms were not significantly different. However, we observed an association between 677TT variant and survival in a subset of ALL patients homogenously treated with MTX-based maintenance (p=0.02). In the same subgroup we confirmed the role of 677TT variant on toxicity during MTX treatment (p=0.003).
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Chiusolo
- Hematology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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