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Huang Q, Zakaria BS, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Liu Y, Dhar BR. A high-rate anaerobic biofilm reactor for biomethane recovery from source-separated blackwater at ambient temperature. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:61-74. [PMID: 32329182 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic bioreactors for source-separated blackwater are mostly operated at low organic loading rates (OLRs) due to low biodegradability and the potential of ammonia inhibition. In this study, an anaerobic biofilm reactor having conductive carbon fibers as the media was investigated for the high-rate treatment of blackwater collected from vacuum toilets. The bioreactor was operated at different OLRs ranged from 0.77 to 3.01 g COD/L-d in four stages for a total operating period of ~ 250 days. With the increase of OLRs, the specific methane production rate increased from 105.3 to 304.6 ml/L-d with high methane content in biogas (75.5%-83%). The maximum methane yield was achieved at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 15 days. Highest organics and suspended solids removal (80%-83%) were achieved at 20-days HRT, while increased OLRs resulted in diminished removal efficiencies. The state variables, including pH, total ammonia nitrogen, short-chain volatile fatty acids, and soluble chemical oxygen demand, indicated the system had a great capability to withstand the high OLRs. Microbial community analysis revealed that the high performance might be attributed to direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) facilitated by potentially electroactive bacteria (e.g., Syntrophomonas, Clostridium) and electrotrophic archaea (e.g., Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina species) enriched on the carbon fibers. PRACTITIONER POINTS: An anaerobic biofilm reactor was investigated for biomethane recovery from source-separated blackwater. Conductive carbon fibers were utilized as the media to stimulate enrichment of potentially electroactive methanogenic communities. The bioreactor was operated at ambient temperature for over 250 days. High methane production rate and high-quality biogas were achieved at OLRs ranged from 0.77 to 3.01 g COD/L-d. Microbial community analysis suggested direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) between specific electroactive bacteria and electrotrophic archaea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Basem S Zakaria
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yingdi Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Bipro R Dhar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Huang S, Ji S, Yan H, Hao Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Cao Z, Li S. The day-to-day stability of the ruminal and fecal microbiota in lactating dairy cows. Microbiologyopen 2020; 9:e990. [PMID: 32175695 PMCID: PMC7221419 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined differences between the microbiota of the ruminal fluid (DR) and feces (DF) from five lactating dairy cows over three consecutive days using 16S rRNA gene sequence-based analysis. Results showed significant differences between the microbial communities of the DR and DF. In particular, the relative abundance of the phyla Firmicutes and Actinobacteria was significantly lower (q < 0.001) in DR compared with DF, while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly higher in DF than that of DR (q < 0.001). A significantly higher relative abundance of the genera Bifidobacterium, 5-7N15, Clostridium, Epulopiscium, SMB53, Turicibacter, Dorea, Roseburia, and Akkermansia was observed in the DF, while a higher relative abundance of the genera Prevotella, Butyrivibrio, CF231, RFN20, and Succiniclasticum was observed in the DR. A further analysis using the functional prediction program PICRUSt showed that sequences belonging to the 5-7N15, Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Dorea, Epulopiscium, Roseburia, and Turicibacter were significantly and positively correlated with glycan biosynthesis and metabolism, while CF231, Prevotella, RFN20, and Succiniclasticum were significantly and positively correlated with amino acid, lipid, carbohydrate, other amino acid, cofactors, and vitamins metabolism. No significant differences were observed across the three consecutive days in either the DR or DF ecosystems, with no significant differences in the diversity or abundance at the phylum and genus levels suggested that there is a limited day-to-day variability in the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shoukun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Hui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yangyi Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yajing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Ozbayram EG, Ince O, Ince B, Harms H, Kleinsteuber S. Comparison of Rumen and Manure Microbiomes and Implications for the Inoculation of Anaerobic Digesters. Microorganisms 2018; 6:microorganisms6010015. [PMID: 29443879 PMCID: PMC5874629 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cattle manure is frequently used as an inoculum for the start-up of agricultural biogas plants or as a co-substrate in the anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic feedstock. Ruminal microbiota are considered to be effective plant fiber degraders, but the microbes contained in manure do not necessarily reflect the rumen microbiome. The aim of this study was to compare the microbial community composition of cow rumen and manure with respect to plant fiber-digesting microbes. Bacterial and methanogenic communities of rumen and manure samples were examined by 454 amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and mcrA genes, respectively. Rumen fluid samples were dominated by Prevotellaceae (29%), whereas Ruminococcaceae was the most abundant family in the manure samples (31%). Fibrobacteraceae (12%) and Bacteroidaceae (13%) were the second most abundant families in rumen fluid and manure, respectively. The high abundances of fiber-degrading bacteria belonging to Prevotellaceae and Fibrobacteraceae might explain the better performance of anaerobic digesters inoculated with rumen fluid. Members of the genus Methanobrevibacter were the predominant methanogens in the rumen fluid, whereas methanogenic communities of the manure samples were dominated by the candidate genus Methanoplasma. Our results suggest that inoculation or bioaugmentation with fiber-digesting rumen microbiota can enhance the anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Gozde Ozbayram
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Orhan Ince
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Bahar Ince
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Boğaziçi University, Bebek, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hauke Harms
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Sabine Kleinsteuber
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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Enrichment of lignocellulose-degrading microbial communities from natural and engineered methanogenic environments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:1035-1043. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8632-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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5
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Moset V, Poulsen M, Wahid R, Højberg O, Møller HB. Mesophilic versus thermophilic anaerobic digestion of cattle manure: methane productivity and microbial ecology. Microb Biotechnol 2015; 8:787-800. [PMID: 25737010 PMCID: PMC4554467 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, productivity and physicochemical and microbiological (454 sequencing) parameters, as well as environmental criteria, were investigated in anaerobic reactors to contribute to the ongoing debate about the optimal temperature range for treating animal manure, and expand the general knowledge on the relation between microbiological and physicochemical process indicators. For this purpose, two reactor sizes were used (10 m(3) and 16 l), in which two temperature conditions (35°C and 50°C) were tested. In addition, the effect of the hydraulic retention time was evaluated (16 versus 20 days). Thermophilic anaerobic digestion showed higher organic matter degradation (especially fiber), higher pH and higher methane (CH₄) yield, as well as better percentage of ultimate CH₄ yield retrieved and lower residual CH₄ emission, when compared with mesophilic conditions. In addition, lower microbial diversity was found in the thermophilic reactors, especially for Bacteria, where a clear intensification towards Clostridia class members was evident. Independent of temperature, some similarities were found in digestates when comparing with animal manure, including low volatile fatty acids concentrations and a high fraction of Euryarchaeota in the total microbial community, in which members of Methanosarcinales dominated for both temperature conditions; these indicators could be considered a sign of process stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Moset
- Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Morten Poulsen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Radziah Wahid
- Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK 8830, Tjele, Denmark.,Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara, 40450, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Ole Højberg
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Henrik Bjarne Møller
- Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK 8830, Tjele, Denmark
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6
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A comprehensive study on volatile fatty acids production from rice straw coupled with microbial community analysis. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 38:1157-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1357-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Wang C, Zuo J, Chen X, Xing W, Xing L, Li P, Lu X, Li C. Microbial community structures in an integrated two-phase anaerobic bioreactor fed by fruit vegetable wastes and wheat straw. J Environ Sci (China) 2014; 26:2484-2492. [PMID: 25499496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The microbial community structures in an integrated two-phase anaerobic reactor (ITPAR) were investigated by 16S rDNA clone library technology. The 75L reactor was designed with a 25L rotating acidogenic unit at the top and a 50L conventional upflow methanogenic unit at the bottom, with a recirculation connected to the two units. The reactor had been operated for 21 stages to co-digest fruit/vegetable wastes and wheat straw, which showed a very good biogas production and decomposition of cellulosic materials. The results showed that many kinds of cellulose and glycan decomposition bacteria related with Bacteroidales, Clostridiales and Syntrophobacterales were dominated in the reactor, with more bacteria community diversities in the acidogenic unit. The methanogens were mostly related with Methanosaeta, Methanosarcina, Methanoculleus, Methanospirillum and Methanobacterium; the predominating genus Methanosaeta, accounting for 40.5%, 54.2%, 73.6% and 78.7% in four samples from top to bottom, indicated a major methanogenesis pathway by acetoclastic methanogenesis in the methanogenic unit. The beta diversity indexes illustrated a more similar distribution of bacterial communities than that of methanogens between acidogenic unit and methanogenic unit. The differentiation of methanogenic community composition in two phases, as well as pH values and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations confirmed the phase separation of the ITPAR. Overall, the results of this study demonstrated that the special designing of ITPAR maintained a sufficient number of methanogens, more diverse communities and stronger syntrophic associations among microorganisms, which made two phase anaerobic digestion of cellulosic materials more efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jiane Zuo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Xing
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Linan Xing
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiangyang Lu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Chao Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Bioprocess control (Sweden) Co., Ltd., Beijing Representative Office, Beijing 100027, China
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8
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Sheikhlar A, Alimon A, Daud H, Saad C, Fard ER. Effects of Crude Methanol Extract of Euphorbia hirta on Hematological and Biochemical Indices and Histological Changes of Liver in African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/jfas.2011.802.808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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9
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Khan A, Murray W. Influence ofClostridium saccharolyticumon cellulose degradation byAcetivibrio cellulolyticus*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1982.tb01286.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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KHAN AW, MES-HARTREE MARY. Metabolism of Acetate and Hydrogen by a Mixed Population of Anaerobes Capable of Converting Cellulose to Methane*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1981.tb00893.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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13
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Ljungdahl LG, Eriksson KE. Ecology of Microbial Cellulose Degradation. ADVANCES IN MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 1985. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9412-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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14
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Giuliano C, Khan AW. Cellulase and Sugar Formation by
Bacteroides cellulosolvens
, a Newly Isolated Cellulolytic Anaerobe. Appl Environ Microbiol 1984; 48:446-8. [PMID: 16346612 PMCID: PMC241537 DOI: 10.1128/aem.48.2.446-448.1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A newly isolated mesophilic anaerobe,
Bacteroides cellulosolvens
, has the ability to produce cellulase and to degrade cellulose to cellobiose and glucose. It does not utilize glucose, and it lacks β-glucosidase activity. This anaerobe appears to degrade cellulose to cellobiose by cellulase action, and the presence of cells appears necessary for the formation of glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Giuliano
- Division of Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
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Abstract
This review elaborates on the most recent microbial development in saccharification of cellulose and cellulase formation. A particular highlight is a new genetic-immunochemical approach investigating the mechanism of adhesion of bacterial cellulase to cellulose during cellulose conversion. New developments and recent reviews in hemicellulose and lignin degradation are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Doelle
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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16
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Microbial Biomass from Renewables: A Second Review of Alternatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-040307-3.50013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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17
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Guiliano C, Asther M, Khan AW. Comparative degradation of cellulose and sugar formation by three newly isolated mesophilic anaerobes and Clostridium thermocellum. Biotechnol Lett 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00131279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Khan A, Murray WD. Isolation of a symbiotic culture of two species of bacteria capable of converting cellulose to ethanol and acetic acid. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1982. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1982.tb08291.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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20
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Metabolism of Acetivibrio cellulolyticus during optimized growth on glucose, cellobiose and cellulose. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00505835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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The ultrastructure ofAcetivibrio cellulolyticus, a recently isolated cellulolytic anaerobe. Curr Microbiol 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01570973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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22
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23
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Khan A. Degradation of cellulose to methane by a coculture ofAcetivibrio cellulolyticusandMethanosarcina barkeri. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1980. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1980.tb05643.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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