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Lovo-Martins MI, Malvezi AD, da Silva RV, Zanluqui NG, Tatakihara VLH, Câmara NOS, de Oliveira APL, Peron JPS, Martins-Pinge MC, Fritsche KL, Pinge-Filho P. Fish oil supplementation benefits the murine host during the acute phase of a parasitic infection from Trypanosoma cruzi. Nutr Res 2017; 41:73-85. [PMID: 28506517 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) are known to modulate a variety of immune cell functions. On occasion, this has led to diminished host resistance to certain viral and bacterial infections. Little is known about the impact of n-3 PUFA on host resistance to parasitic infection, however, based on results from a small study conducted more than two decades ago, we hypothesized that providing mice LC n-3 PUFA will diminish host resistance to Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasitic pathogen responsible for Chagas disease. To investigate this, C57BL/6 mice were supplemented by gavage (0.6% v/w) with phosphate-buffered saline, corn oil (CO), or menhaden fish oil (FO, a fat source rich in LC n-3 PUFA) for 15 days prior to T cruzi (Y strain) challenge and throughout the acute phase of infection. FO supplementation was associated with a transient 2-fold greater peak of blood parasitemia at 7 days postinfection (dpi), whereas subsequent cardiac parasitemia was ~60% lower at 12 dpi. FO treatment also ameliorated the leukopenia and thrombocytopenia observed in the early stages of a T cruzi infection. FO supplementation reduced circulating and cardiac nitric oxide at 7 and 12 dpi, respectively. FO supplementation altered ex vivo prostaglandin E2 and cytokine and chemokine production by splenocytes isolated from uninfected and infected mice. Overall, our results suggest that oral administration of LC n-3 PUFA from FO can have beneficial effects on the host in the early course of a T cruzi infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Lovo-Martins
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopathology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, 86051-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Aparecida D Malvezi
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopathology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, 86051-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rosiane V da Silva
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopathology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, 86051-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Nágela G Zanluqui
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopathology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, 86051-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Vera L H Tatakihara
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopathology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, 86051-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Niels O S Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula L de Oliveira
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean P S Peron
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marli C Martins-Pinge
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, 86051-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Kevin L Fritsche
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65211, MO, USA
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopathology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, 86051-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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Oral exposure to Phytomonas serpens attenuates thrombocytopenia and leukopenia during acute infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68299. [PMID: 23844182 PMCID: PMC3699546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease, rapidly develop anemia and thrombocytopenia. These effects are partially promoted by the parasite trans-sialidase (TS), which is shed in the blood and depletes sialic acid from the platelets, inducing accelerated platelet clearance and causing thrombocytopenia during the acute phase of disease. Here, we demonstrate that oral immunization of C57BL/6 mice with Phytomonas serpens, a phytoflagellate parasite that shares common antigens with T. cruzi but has no TS activity, reduces parasite burden and prevents thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. Immunization also reduces platelet loss after intraperitoneal injection of TS. In addition, passive transfer of immune sera raised in mice against P. serpens prevented platelet clearance. Thus, oral exposure to P. serpens attenuates the progression of thrombocytopenia induced by TS from T. cruzi. These findings are not only important for the understanding of the pathogenesis of T. cruzi infection but also for developing novel approaches of intervention in Chagas disease.
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