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Henderson EA, Ivey A, Choi SJ, Santiago S, McNitt D, Liu TW, Lukomski S, Boone BA. Group A streptococcal collagen-like protein 1 restricts tumor growth in murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma and inhibits cancer-promoting neutrophil extracellular traps. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1363962. [PMID: 38515758 PMCID: PMC10955053 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal cancer associated with an immunosuppressive environment. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were initially described in the context of infection but have more recently been implicated in contributing to the tolerogenic immune response in PDAC. Thus, NETs are an attractive target for new therapeutic strategies. Group A Streptococcus (GAS) has developed defensive strategies to inhibit NETs. Methods In the present work, we propose utilizing intra-tumoral GAS injection to stimulate anti-tumor activity by inhibiting cancer-promoting NETs. Mice harboring Panc02 or KPC subcutaneous tumors injected with three different M-type GAS strains. Tumors and spleens were harvested at the endpoint of the experiments to assess bacterial colonization and systemic spread, while sera were analyzed for humoral responses toward the streptococcal antigens, especially the M1 and Scl1 proteins. Role of the streptococcal collagen-like protein 1 (Scl1) in anti-PDAC activity was assessed in vivo after intratumoral injection with M1 GAS wild-type, an isogenic mutant strain devoid of Scl1, or a complemented mutant strain with restored scl1 expression. In addition, recombinant Scl1 proteins were tested for NET inhibition using in vitro and ex vivo assays assessing NET production and myeloperoxidase activity. Results Injection of three different M-type GAS strains reduced subcutaneous pancreatic tumor volume compared to control in two different murine PDAC models. Limitation of tumor growth was dependent on Scl1, as isogenic mutant strain devoid of Scl1 did not reduce tumor size. We further show that Scl1 plays a role in localizing GAS to the tumor site, thereby limiting the systemic spread of bacteria and off-target effects. While mice did elicit a humoral immune response to GAS antigens, tested sera were weakly immunogenic toward Scl1 antigen following intra-tumoral treatment with Scl1-expressing GAS. M1 GAS inhibited NET formation when co-cultured with neutrophils while Scl1-devoid mutant strain did not. Recombinant Scl1 protein inhibited NETs ex vivo in a dose-dependent manner by suppressing myeloperoxidase activity. Discussion Altogether, we demonstrate that intra-tumoral GAS injections reduce PDAC growth, which is facilitated by Scl1, in part through inhibition of cancer promoting NETs. This work offers a novel strategy by which NETs can be targeted through Scl1 protein and potentiates its use as a cancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Henderson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Abby Ivey
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Soo Jeon Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Stell Santiago
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Dudley McNitt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Tracy W. Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Slawomir Lukomski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Brian A. Boone
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
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2
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Pilapitiya DH, Harris PWR, Hanson-Manful P, McGregor R, Kowalczyk R, Raynes JM, Carlton LH, Dobson RCJ, Baker MG, Brimble M, Lukomski S, Moreland NJ. Antibody responses to collagen peptides and streptococcal collagen-like 1 proteins in acute rheumatic fever patients. Pathog Dis 2021; 79:6311134. [PMID: 34185083 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftab033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a serious post-infectious immune sequelae of Group A streptococcus (GAS). Pathogenesis remains poorly understood, including the events associated with collagen autoantibody generation. GAS express streptococcal collagen-like proteins (Scl) that contain a collagenous domain resembling human collagen. Here, the relationship between antibody reactivity to GAS Scl proteins and human collagen in ARF was investigated. Serum IgG specific for a representative Scl protein (Scl1.1) together with collagen-I and collagen-IV mimetic peptides were quantified in ARF patients (n = 36) and healthy matched controls (n = 36). Reactivity to Scl1.1 was significantly elevated in ARF compared to controls (P < 0.0001) and this was mapped to the collagen-like region of the protein, rather than the N-terminal non-collagenous region. Reactivity to collagen-1 and collagen-IV peptides was also significantly elevated in ARF cases (P < 0.001). However, there was no correlation between Scl1.1 and collagen peptide antibody binding, and hierarchical clustering of ARF cases by IgG reactivity showed two distinct clusters, with Scl1.1 antigens in one and collagen peptides in the other, demonstrating that collagen autoantibodies are not immunologically related to those targeting Scl1.1. Thus, anti-collagen antibodies in ARF appear to be generated as part of the autoreactivity process, independent of any mimicry with GAS collagen-like proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaki H Pilapitiya
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Paul W R Harris
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Paulina Hanson-Manful
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Reuben McGregor
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Renata Kowalczyk
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jeremy M Raynes
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lauren H Carlton
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Renwick C J Dobson
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael G Baker
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Margaret Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Slawomir Lukomski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Nicole J Moreland
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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3
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Chen EA, Lin YS. Using synthetic peptides and recombinant collagen to understand DDR–collagen interactions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:118458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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4
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McNitt DH, Van De Water L, Marasco D, Berisio R, Lukomski S. Streptococcal Collagen-like Protein 1 Binds Wound Fibronectin: Implications in Pathogen Targeting. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1933-1945. [PMID: 30182848 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180831165704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The outlook for an effective global vaccine is reduced because of significant antigenic variation among GAS strains worldwide. Other challenges in GAS therapy include the lack of common access to antibiotics in developing countries, as well as allergy to and treatment failures with penicillin and increasing erythromycin resistance in the industrialized world. At the portal of entry, GAS binds to newly deposited extracellular matrix, which is rich in cellular fibronectin isoforms with extra domain A (EDA, also termed EIIIA) via the surface adhesin, the streptococcal collagen-like protein 1 (Scl1). Recombinant Scl1 constructs, derived from diverse GAS strains, bind the EDA loop segment situated between the C and C' β-strands. Despite the sequence diversity in Scl1 proteins, multiple sequence alignments and secondary structure predictions of Scl1 variants, as well as crystallography and homology modeling studies, point to a conserved mechanism of Scl1-EDA binding. We propose that targeting this interaction may prevent the progression of infection. A synthetic cyclic peptide, derived from the EDA C-C' loop, binds to recombinant Scl1 with a micromolar dissociation constant. This review highlights the current concept of EDA binding to Scl1 and provides incentives to exploit this binding to treat GAS infections and wound colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dudley H McNitt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 2095 Health Sciences North, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
| | - Livingston Van De Water
- Departments of Surgery and Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, United States
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Frederico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Berisio
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Slawomir Lukomski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 2095 Health Sciences North, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
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5
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Chaudhary P, Kumar R, Sagar V, Sarkar S, Singh R, Ghosh S, Singh S, Chakraborti A. Assessment of Cpa, Scl1 and Scl2 in clinical group A streptococcus isolates and patients from north India: an evaluation of the host pathogen interaction. Res Microbiol 2017; 169:11-19. [PMID: 28974446 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Group A streptococcus (GAS) infection remains a major concern due to multiple diseases including pharyngitis, impetigo, acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). It uses different adhesins and virulence factors like Cpa (collagen binding protein) and Scl (collagen-like protein) in its pathogenicity. Scl having similarities with human collagen may contribute to inducing autoimmunity in the host. Here we assessed gene expression, antibody titer of Cpa, Scl1 and Scl2 in both clinical GAS isolates (n = 45) and blood (n = 45) obtained from pharyngitis, ARF (acute rheumatic fever) and RHD respectively. Skin isolates (n = 30) were obtained from impetigo patients. The study revealed a total of 27 GAS emm types. Frequency of cpa, scl1, scl2 was high in ARF isolates. The antibody titer of these proteins was high in all isolates, and also in patients with pharyngitis and ARF. All isolates showed high binding affinity toward collagen I and IV, which further indicates a potential host pathogen interaction. Our study reflects a strong association of Cpa and Scls in early and post-GAS pathogenicity. However, the increased antibody titer of Scl1 and Scl2 during ARF may be attributed to a cogent immune response in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Chaudhary
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India; School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Vivek Sagar
- School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Subendu Sarkar
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Rupneet Singh
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Sujata Ghosh
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Surjit Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Anuradha Chakraborti
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
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6
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Cereceres S, Touchet T, Browning MB, Smith C, Rivera J, Höök M, Whitfield-Cargile C, Russell B, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. Chronic Wound Dressings Based on Collagen-Mimetic Proteins. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2015; 4:444-456. [PMID: 26244101 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2014.0614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Chronic wounds are projected to reach epidemic proportions due to the aging population and the increasing incidence of diabetes. There is a strong clinical need for an improved wound dressing that can balance wound moisture, promote cell migration and proliferation, and degrade at an appropriate rate to minimize the need for dressing changes. Approach: To this end, we have developed a bioactive, hydrogel microsphere wound dressing that incorporates a collagen-mimetic protein, Scl2GFPGER, to promote active wound healing. A redesigned Scl2GFPGER, engineered collagen (eColGFPGER), was created to reduce steric hindrance of integrin-binding motifs and increase overall stability of the triple helical backbone, thereby resulting in increased cell adhesion to substrates. Results: This study demonstrates the successful modification of the Scl2GFPGER protein to eColGFPGER, which displayed enhanced stability and integrin interactions. Fabrication of hydrogel microspheres provided a matrix with adaptive moisture technology, and degradation rates have potential for use in human wounds. Innovation: This collagen-mimetic wound dressing was designed to permit controlled modulation of cellular interactions and degradation rate without impact on other physical properties. Its fabrication into uniform hydrogel microspheres provides a bioactive dressing that can readily conform to irregular wounds. Conclusion: Overall, this new eColGFPGER shows strong promise in the generation of bioactive hydrogels for wound healing as well as a variety of tissue scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Cereceres
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Tyler Touchet
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Mary Beth Browning
- Institute for Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Clayton Smith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Jose Rivera
- Institute for Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Magnus Höök
- Institute for Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Brooke Russell
- Institute for Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
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7
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Natural variant of collagen-like protein a in serotype M3 group a Streptococcus increases adherence and decreases invasive potential. Infect Immun 2015; 83:1122-9. [PMID: 25561712 DOI: 10.1128/iai.02860-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Group A Streptococcus (GAS) predominantly exists as a colonizer of the human oropharynx that occasionally breaches epithelial barriers to cause invasive diseases. Despite the frequency of GAS carriage, few investigations into the contributory molecular mechanisms exist. To this end, we identified a naturally occurring polymorphism in the gene encoding the streptococcal collagen-like protein A (SclA) in GAS carrier strains. All previously sequenced invasive serotype M3 GAS possess a premature stop codon in the sclA gene truncating the protein. The carrier polymorphism is predicted to restore SclA function and was infrequently identified by targeted DNA sequencing in invasive strains of the same serotype. We demonstrate that a strain with the carrier sclA allele expressed a full-length SclA protein, while the strain with the invasive sclA allele expressed a truncated variant. An isoallelic mutant invasive strain with the carrier sclA allele exhibited decreased virulence in a mouse model of invasive disease and decreased multiplication in human blood. Further, the isoallelic invasive strain with the carrier sclA allele persisted in the mouse nasopharynx and had increased adherence to cultured epithelial cells. Repair of the premature stop codon in the invasive sclA allele restored the ability to bind the extracellular matrix proteins laminin and cellular fibronectin. These data demonstrate that a mutation in GAS carrier strains increases adherence and decreases virulence and suggest selection against increased adherence in GAS invasive isolates.
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8
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Yu Z, An B, Ramshaw JA, Brodsky B. Bacterial collagen-like proteins that form triple-helical structures. J Struct Biol 2014; 186:451-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Tsatsaronis JA, Hollands A, Cole JN, Maamary PG, Gillen CM, Ben Zakour NL, Kotb M, Nizet V, Beatson SA, Walker MJ, Sanderson-Smith ML. Streptococcal collagen-like protein A and general stress protein 24 are immunomodulating virulence factors of group A Streptococcus. FASEB J 2013; 27:2633-43. [PMID: 23531597 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-226662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In Western countries, invasive infections caused by M1T1 serotype group A Streptococcus (GAS) are epidemiologically linked to mutations in the control of virulence regulatory 2-component operon (covRS). In indigenous communities and developing countries, severe GAS disease is associated with genetically diverse non-M1T1 GAS serotypes. Hypervirulent M1T1 covRS mutant strains arise through selection by human polymorphonuclear cells for increased expression of GAS virulence factors such as the DNase Sda1, which promotes neutrophil resistance. The GAS bacteremia isolate NS88.2 (emm 98.1) is a covS mutant that exhibits a hypervirulent phenotype and neutrophil resistance yet lacks the phage-encoded Sda1. Here, we have employed a comprehensive systems biology (genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic) approach to identify NS88.2 virulence determinants that enhance neutrophil resistance in the non-M1T1 GAS genetic background. Using this approach, we have identified streptococcal collagen-like protein A and general stress protein 24 proteins as NS88.2 determinants that contribute to survival in whole blood and neutrophil resistance in non-M1T1 GAS. This study has revealed new factors that contribute to GAS pathogenicity that may play important roles in resisting innate immune defenses and the development of human invasive infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Tsatsaronis
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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10
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Lcl of Legionella pneumophila is an immunogenic GAG binding adhesin that promotes interactions with lung epithelial cells and plays a crucial role in biofilm formation. Infect Immun 2011; 79:2168-81. [PMID: 21422183 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01304-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Legionellosis is mostly caused by Legionella pneumophila and is defined by a severe respiratory illness with a case fatality rate ranging from 5 to 80%. In vitro and in vivo, interactions of L. pneumophila with lung epithelial cells are mediated by the sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) of the host extracellular matrix. In this study, we have identified several Legionella heparin binding proteins. We have shown that one of these proteins, designated Lcl, is a polymorphic adhesin of L. pneumophila that is produced during legionellosis. Homologues of Lcl are ubiquitous in L. pneumophila serogroups but are undetected in other Legionella species. Recombinant Lcl binds to GAGs, and a Δlpg2644 mutant demonstrated reduced binding to GAGs and human lung epithelial cells. Importantly, we showed that the Δlpg2644 strain is dramatically impaired in biofilm formation. These data delineate the role of Lcl in the GAG binding properties of L. pneumophila and provide molecular evidence regarding its role in L. pneumophila adherence and biofilm formation.
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11
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Seo N, Russell BH, Rivera JJ, Liang X, Xu X, Afshar-Kharghan V, Höök M. An engineered alpha1 integrin-binding collagenous sequence. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:31046-54. [PMID: 20675378 PMCID: PMC2945595 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.151357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen is an extracellular matrix structural component that can regulate cellular processes through its interaction with the integrins, α1β1, α2β1, α10β1, and α11β1. Collagen-like proteins have been identified in a number of bacterial species. Here, we used Scl2 from Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M28 strain MGAS6274 as a backbone for the introduction of discrete integrin-binding sequences. The introduced sequences GLPGER, GFPGER, or GFPGEN did not affect triple helix stability of the Scl (Streptococcal collagen-like) protein. Using ELISA and surface plasmon resonance, we determined that Scl2(GLPGER) and Scl2(GFPGER) bound to recombinant human α1 and α2 I-domains in a metal ion-dependent manner and without a requirement for hydroxyproline. We predicted a novel and selective integrin-binding sequence, GFPGEN, through the use of computer modeling and demonstrated that Scl2(GFPGEN) shows specificity toward the α1 I-domain and does not bind the α2 I-domain. Using C2C12 cells, we determined that intact integrins interact with the modified Scl2 proteins with the same selectivity as recombinant I-domains. These modified Scl2 proteins also acted as cell attachment substrates for fibroblast, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells. However, the modified Scl2 proteins were unable to aggregate platelets. These results indicate that Scl2 is a suitable backbone for the introduction of mammalian integrin-binding sequences, and these sequences may be manipulated to individually target α1β1 and α2β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neungseon Seo
- From the Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and
| | - Brooke H. Russell
- From the Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and
| | - Jose J. Rivera
- From the Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and
| | - Xiaowen Liang
- From the Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and
| | - Xuejun Xu
- From the Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and
| | | | - Magnus Höök
- From the Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and
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12
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A Streptococcus pyogenes derived collagen-like protein as a non-cytotoxic and non-immunogenic cross-linkable biomaterial. Biomaterials 2010; 31:2755-61. [PMID: 20056274 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A range of bacteria have been shown to contain collagen-like sequences that form triple-helical structures. Some of these proteins have been shown to form triple-helical motifs that are stable around body temperature without the inclusion of hydroxyproline or other secondary modifications to the protein sequence. This makes these collagen-like proteins particularly suitable for recombinant production as only a single gene product and no additional enzyme needs to be expressed. In the present study, we have examined the cytotoxicity and immunogenicity of the collagen-like domain from Streptococcus pyogenes Scl2 protein. These data show that the purified, recombinant collagen-like protein is not cytotoxic to fibroblasts and does not elicit an immune response in SJL/J and Arc mice. The freeze dried protein can be stabilised by glutaraldehyde cross-linking giving a material that is stable at >37 degrees C and which supports cell attachment while not causing loss of viability. These data suggest that bacterial collagen-like proteins, which can be modified to include specific functional domains, could be a useful material for medical applications and as a scaffold for tissue engineering.
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13
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Beres SB, Sesso R, Pinto SWL, Hoe NP, Porcella SF, DeLeo FR, Musser JM. Genome sequence of a Lancefield group C Streptococcus zooepidemicus strain causing epidemic nephritis: new information about an old disease. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3026. [PMID: 18716664 PMCID: PMC2516327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2008] [Accepted: 07/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of disease attributable to human error or natural causes can provide unique opportunities to gain new information about host-pathogen interactions and new leads for pathogenesis research. Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN), a sequela of infection with pathogenic streptococci, is a common cause of preventable kidney disease worldwide. Although PSGN usually occurs after infection with group A streptococci, organisms of Lancefield group C and G also can be responsible. Despite decades of study, the molecular pathogenesis of PSGN is poorly understood. As a first step toward gaining new information about PSGN pathogenesis, we sequenced the genome of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus strain MGCS10565, a group C organism that caused a very large and unusually severe epidemic of nephritis in Brazil. The genome is a circular chromosome of 2,024,171 bp. The genome shares extensive gene content, including many virulence factors, with genetically related group A streptococci, but unexpectedly lacks prophages. The genome contains many apparently foreign genes interspersed around the chromosome, consistent with the presence of a full array of genes required for natural competence. An inordinately large family of genes encodes secreted extracellular collagen-like proteins with multiple integrin-binding motifs. The absence of a gene related to speB rules out the long-held belief that streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B or antibodies reacting with it singularly cause PSGN. Many proteins previously implicated in GAS PSGN, such as streptokinase, are either highly divergent in strain MGCS10565 or are not more closely related between these species than to orthologs present in other streptococci that do not commonly cause PSGN. Our analysis provides a comparative genomics framework for renewed appraisal of molecular events underlying APSGN pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen B. Beres
- Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute and Department of Pathology, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ricardo Sesso
- Division of Nephrology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Nancy P. Hoe
- Division of Occupational Health and Safety, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, United States of America
| | - Stephen F. Porcella
- Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, United States of America
| | - Frank R. DeLeo
- Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, United States of America
| | - James M. Musser
- Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute and Department of Pathology, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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