1
|
Afrasiabi S, Partoazar A, Chiniforush N. In vitro study of nanoliposomes containing curcumin and doxycycline for enhanced antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11552. [PMID: 37464015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The excessive inappropriate use of systemic antibiotics has contributed to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, which pose a significant risk to the success of treatment. This study has approached this problem by developing doxycycline-loaded liposome doped with curcumin (NL-Cur+Dox) for combination antibacterial therapy against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. The characterization of formulation revealed encapsulation of both drugs in NL-Cur+Dox with an average size of 239 nm and sustained release behavior. Transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed the vesicular-shaped nanocarriers without any aggregation or crystallization. The cytotoxic and hemolytic activities of NL-Cur+Dox were evaluated. The anti-biofilm and anti-metabolic effects of NL-Cur+Dox -mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) were examined. The data indicated that NL-Cur+Dox -mediated aPDT led to a significant reduction of biofilm (82.7%, p = 0.003) and metabolic activity (75%, p < 0.001) of A. actinomycetemcomitans compared to the control. NL-Cur+Dox had no significant cytotoxicity to human gingival fibroblast cells under selected conditions (p = 0.074). In addition, the hemolytic activity of NL-Cur+Dox were negligible (< 5%). These findings demonstrate the potential application of such potent formulations in reducing one of the main bacteria causing periodontitis where the NL-Cur+Dox could be exploited to achieve an improved phototherapeutic efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shima Afrasiabi
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Partoazar
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oliveira RNS, de Aguiar SRMM, Pauleta SR. Coordination of the N-Terminal Heme in the Non-Classical Peroxidase from Escherichia coli. Molecules 2023; 28:4598. [PMID: 37375153 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-classical bacterial peroxidase from Escherichia coli, YhjA, is proposed to deal with peroxidative stress in the periplasm when the bacterium is exposed to anoxic environments, defending it from hydrogen peroxide and allowing it to thrive under those conditions. This enzyme has a predicted transmembrane helix and is proposed to receive electrons from the quinol pool in an electron transfer pathway involving two hemes (NT and E) to accomplish the reduction of hydrogen peroxide in the periplasm at the third heme (P). Compared with classical bacterial peroxidases, these enzymes have an additional N-terminal domain binding the NT heme. In the absence of a structure of this protein, several residues (M82, M125 and H134) were mutated to identify the axial ligand of the NT heme. Spectroscopic data demonstrate differences only between the YhjA and YhjA M125A variant. In the YhjA M125A variant, the NT heme is high-spin with a lower reduction potential than in the wild-type. Thermostability was studied by circular dichroism, demonstrating that YhjA M125A is thermodynamically more unstable than YhjA, with a lower TM (43 °C vs. 50 °C). These data also corroborate the structural model of this enzyme. The axial ligand of the NT heme was validated to be M125, and mutation of this residue was proven to affect the spectroscopic, kinetic, and thermodynamic properties of YhjA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo N S Oliveira
- Microbial Stress Lab, UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sara R M M de Aguiar
- Microbial Stress Lab, UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sofia R Pauleta
- Microbial Stress Lab, UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Barreiro DS, Oliveira RN, Pauleta SR. Bacterial peroxidases – Multivalent enzymes that enable the use of hydrogen peroxide for microaerobic and anaerobic proliferation. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
|
4
|
The Potential Application of Natural Photosensitizers Used in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy against Oral Infections. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060767. [PMID: 35745686 PMCID: PMC9227410 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral health problems and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance among pathogenic bacterial strains have become major global challenges and are essential elements that negatively affect general well-being. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is based on a light source and oxygen that activates a nontoxic photosensitizer, resulting in microbial destruction. Synthetic and natural products can be used to help the APDT against oral microorganisms. The undesirable consequences of conventional photosensitizers, including toxicity, and cost encourage researchers to explore new promising photosensitizers based on natural compounds such as curcumin, chlorella, chlorophyllin, phycocyanin, 5-aminolevulinic acid, and riboflavin. In this review, we summarize in vitro studies describing the potential use of APDT therapy conjugated with some natural products against selected microorganisms that are considered to be responsible for oral infections.
Collapse
|
5
|
Mechanisms underlying interactions between two abundant oral commensal bacteria. THE ISME JOURNAL 2022; 16:948-957. [PMID: 34732850 PMCID: PMC8940909 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-01141-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Complex polymicrobial biofilm communities are abundant in nature particularly in the human oral cavity where their composition and fitness can affect health. While the study of these communities during disease is essential and prevalent, little is known about interactions within the healthy plaque community. Here we describe interactions between two of the most abundant species in this healthy microbiome, Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Streptococcus mitis. We discovered that H. parainfluenzae typically exists adjacent to mitis group streptococci in vivo with which it is also positively correlated based on microbiome data. By comparing in vitro coculture data to ex vivo microscopy we revealed that this co-occurrence is density dependent and further influenced by H2O2 production. We discovered that H. parainfluenzae utilizes a more redundant, multifactorial response to H2O2 than related microorganisms and that this system's integrity enhances streptococcal fitness. Our results indicate that mitis group streptococci are likely the in vivo source of NAD for H. parainfluenzae and also evoke patterns of carbon utilization in vitro for H. parainfluenzae similar to those observed in vivo. Our findings describe mechanistic interactions between two of the most abundant and prevalent members of healthy supragingival plaque that contribute to their in vivo survival.
Collapse
|
6
|
Nóbrega CS, Pauleta SR. Reduction of hydrogen peroxide in gram-negative bacteria - bacterial peroxidases. Adv Microb Physiol 2019; 74:415-464. [PMID: 31126534 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria display an array of enzymes to detoxify reactive oxygen species that cause damage to DNA and to other biomolecules leading to cell death. Hydrogen peroxide is one of these species, with endogenous and exogenous sources, such as lactic acid bacteria, oxidative burst of the immune system or chemical reactions at oxic-anoxic interfaces. The enzymes that detoxify hydrogen peroxide will be the focus of this review, with special emphasis on bacterial peroxidases that reduce hydrogen peroxide to water. Bacterial peroxidases are periplasmic cytochromes with either two or three c-type haems, which have been classified as classical and non-classical bacterial peroxidases, respectively. Most of the studies have been focus on the classical bacterial peroxidases, showing the presence of a reductive activation in the presence of calcium ions. Mutagenesis studies have clarified the catalytic mechanism of this enzyme and were used to propose an intramolecular electron transfer pathway, with far less being known about the intermolecular electron transfer that occurs between reduced electron donors and the enzyme. The physiological function of these enzymes was not very clear until it was shown, for the non-classical bacterial peroxidase, that this enzyme is required for the bacteria to use hydrogen peroxide as terminal electron acceptor under anoxic conditions. These non-classical bacterial peroxidases are quinol peroxidases that do not require reductive activation but need calcium ions to attain maximum activity and share similar catalytic intermediates with the classical bacterial peroxidases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia S Nóbrega
- Microbial Stress Lab, UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sofia R Pauleta
- Microbial Stress Lab, UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nóbrega CS, Devreese B, Pauleta SR. YhjA - An Escherichia coli trihemic enzyme with quinol peroxidase activity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:411-422. [PMID: 29550214 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The trihemic bacterial cytochrome c peroxidase from Escherichia coli, YhjA, is a membrane-anchored protein with a C-terminal domain homologous to the classical bacterial peroxidases and an additional N-terminal (NT) heme binding domain. Recombinant YhjA is a 50 kDa monomer in solution with three c-type hemes covalently bound. Here is reported the first biochemical and spectroscopic characterization of YhjA and of the NT domain demonstrating that NT heme is His63/Met125 coordinated. The reduction potentials of P (active site), NT and E hemes were established to be -170 mV, +133 mV and +210 mV, respectively, at pH 7.5. YhjA has quinol peroxidase activity in vitro with optimum activity at pH 7.0 and millimolar range KM values using hydroquinone and menadiol (a menaquinol analogue) as electron donors (KM = 0.6 ± 0.2 and 1.8 ± 0.5 mM H2O2, respectively), with similar turnover numbers (kcat = 19 ± 2 and 13 ± 2 s-1, respectively). YhjA does not require reductive activation for maximum activity, in opposition to classical bacterial peroxidases, as P heme is always high-spin 6-coordinated with a water-derived molecule as distal axial ligand but shares the need for the presence of calcium ions in the kinetic assays. Formation of a ferryl Fe(IV) = O species was observed upon incubation of fully oxidized YhjA with H2O2. The data reported improve our understanding of the biochemical properties and catalytic mechanism of YhjA, a three-heme peroxidase that uses the quinol pool to defend the cells against hydrogen peroxide during transient exposure to oxygenated environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia S Nóbrega
- Microbial Stress Lab, UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Bart Devreese
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry and Biomolecular Engineering, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofia R Pauleta
- Microbial Stress Lab, UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Escherichia coli cytochrome c peroxidase is a respiratory oxidase that enables the use of hydrogen peroxide as a terminal electron acceptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E6922-E6931. [PMID: 28696311 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1701587114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial cytochrome c peroxidases (Ccp) have been studied for 75 years, but their physiological roles are unclear. Ccps are located in the periplasms of bacteria and the mitochondrial intermembrane spaces of fungi. In this study, Ccp is demonstrated to be a significant degrader of hydrogen peroxide in anoxic Escherichia coli Intriguingly, ccp transcription requires both the presence of H2O2 and the absence of O2 Experiments show that Ccp lacks enough activity to shield the cytoplasm from exogenous H2O2 However, it receives electrons from the quinone pool, and its flux rate approximates flow to other anaerobic electron acceptors. Indeed, Ccp enabled E. coli to grow on a nonfermentable carbon source when H2O2 was supplied. Salmonella behaved similarly. This role rationalizes ccp repression in oxic environments. We speculate that micromolar H2O2 is created both biologically and abiotically at natural oxic/anoxic interfaces. The OxyR response appears to exploit this H2O2 as a terminal oxidant while simultaneously defending the cell against its toxicity.
Collapse
|
9
|
Szafrański SP, Deng ZL, Tomasch J, Jarek M, Bhuju S, Rohde M, Sztajer H, Wagner-Döbler I. Quorum sensing of Streptococcus mutans is activated by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and by the periodontal microbiome. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:238. [PMID: 28320314 PMCID: PMC5359896 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3618-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral cavity is inhabited by complex microbial communities forming biofilms that can cause caries and periodontitis. Cell-cell communication might play an important role in modulating the physiologies of individual species, but evidence so far is limited. RESULTS Here we demonstrate that a pathogen of the oral cavity, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. act.), triggers expression of the quorum sensing (QS) regulon of Streptococcus mutans, a well-studied model organism for cariogenic streptococci, in dual-species biofilms grown on artificial saliva. The gene for the synthesis of the QS signal XIP is essential for this interaction. Transcriptome sequencing of biofilms revealed that S. mutans up-regulated the complete QS regulon (transformasome and mutacins) in the presence of A. act. and down-regulated oxidative stress related genes. A.act. required the presence of S. mutans for growth. Fimbriae and toxins were its most highly expressed genes and up-regulation of anaerobic metabolism, chaperones and iron acquisition genes was observed in co-culture. Metatranscriptomes from periodontal pockets showed highly variable levels of S. mutans and low levels of A. act.. Transcripts of the alternative sigma-factor SigX, the key regulator of QS in S. mutans, were significantly enriched in periodontal pockets compared to single cultures (log2 4.159, FDR ≤0.001, and expression of mutacin related genes and transformasome components could be detected. CONCLUSION The data show that the complete QS regulon of S. mutans can be induced by an unrelated oral pathogen and S. mutans may be competent in oral biofilms in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szymon P Szafrański
- Microbial Communication, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Present address: Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Zhi-Luo Deng
- Microbial Communication, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Tomasch
- Microbial Communication, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Jarek
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sabin Bhuju
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Helena Sztajer
- Microbial Communication, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Irene Wagner-Döbler
- Microbial Communication, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Complete Genome Sequence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Strain IDH781. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:4/6/e01285-16. [PMID: 27834722 PMCID: PMC5105115 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01285-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We report here the complete genomic sequence and methylome of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans strain IDH781. This rough strain is used extensively as a model organism to characterize localized aggressive periodontitis pathogenesis, the basic biology and oral cavity colonization of A. actinomycetemcomitans, and its interactions with other members of the oral microbiome.
Collapse
|
11
|
A Commensal Bacterium Promotes Virulence of an Opportunistic Pathogen via Cross-Respiration. mBio 2016; 7:mBio.00782-16. [PMID: 27353758 PMCID: PMC4916382 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00782-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria rarely inhabit infection sites alone, instead residing in diverse, multispecies communities. Despite this fact, bacterial pathogenesis studies primarily focus on monoculture infections, overlooking how community interactions influence the course of disease. In this study, we used global mutant fitness profiling (transposon sequencing [Tn-seq]) to determine the genetic requirements for the pathogenic bacterium Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans to cause disease when coinfecting with the commensal bacterium Streptococcus gordonii. Our results show that S. gordonii extensively alters A. actinomycetemcomitans requirements for virulence factors and biosynthetic pathways during infection. In addition, we discovered that the presence of S. gordonii enhances the bioavailability of oxygen during infection, allowing A. actinomycetemcomitans to shift from a primarily fermentative to a respiratory metabolism that enhances its growth yields and persistence. Mechanistically, respiratory metabolism enhances the fitness of A. actinomycetemcomitans in vivo by increasing ATP yields via central metabolism and creating a proton motive force. Our results reveal that, similar to cross-feeding, where one species provides another species with a nutrient, commensal bacteria can also provide electron acceptors that promote the respiratory growth and fitness of pathogens in vivo, an interaction that we term cross-respiration. Commensal bacteria can enhance the virulence of pathogens in mixed-species infections. However, knowledge of the mechanisms underlying this clinically relevant phenomenon is lacking. To bridge this gap, we comprehensively determined the genes a pathogen needs to establish coinfection with a commensal. Our findings show that the metabolism of the pathogen is low-energy-yielding in monoinfection, but in coinfection, the commensal improves the fitness of the pathogen by increasing the bioavailability of oxygen, thereby shifting the pathogen toward a high-energy-yielding metabolism. Similar to cross-feeding, this interaction, which we term cross-respiration, illustrates that commensal bacteria can provide electron acceptors that enhance the virulence of pathogens during infection.
Collapse
|
12
|
Smith KP, Fields JG, Voogt RD, Deng B, Lam YW, Mintz KP. Alteration in abundance of specific membrane proteins of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is attributed to deletion of the inner membrane protein MorC. Proteomics 2015; 15:1859-67. [PMID: 25684173 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an important pathogen in the etiology of human periodontal and systemic diseases. Inactivation of the gene coding for the inner membrane protein, morphogenesis protein C (MorC), results in pleotropic effects pertaining to the membrane structure and function of this bacterium. The role of this protein in membrane biogenesis is unknown. To begin to understand the role of this conserved protein, stable isotope dimethyl labeling in conjunction with MS was used to quantitatively analyze differences in the membrane proteomes of the isogenic mutant and wild-type strain. A total of 613 proteins were quantified and 601 of these proteins were found to be equal in abundance between the two strains. The remaining 12 proteins were found in lesser (10) or greater (2) abundance in the membrane preparation of the mutant strain compared with the wild-type strain. The 12 proteins were ascribed functions associated with protein quality control systems, oxidative stress responses, and protein secretion. The potential relationship between these proteins and the phenotypes of the MorC mutant strain is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth P Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Julia G Fields
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Vermont Genetics Network Proteomics Facility, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Richard D Voogt
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Vermont Genetics Network Proteomics Facility, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Ying-Wai Lam
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Vermont Genetics Network Proteomics Facility, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Keith P Mintz
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kranz S, Huebsch M, Guellmar A, Voelpel A, Tonndorf-Martini S, Sigusch BW. Antibacterial photodynamic treatment of periodontopathogenic bacteria with indocyanine green and near-infrared laser light enhanced by TroloxTM. Lasers Surg Med 2015; 47:350-60. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kranz
- Polyclinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University Hospital Jena, An der alten Post 4; Jena 07743 Germany
| | - Marie Huebsch
- Polyclinic for Prosthetic Dentistry and Material Science; University Hospital Jena, An der alten Post 4; Jena 07743 Germany
| | - Andre Guellmar
- Polyclinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University Hospital Jena, An der alten Post 4; Jena 07743 Germany
| | - Andrea Voelpel
- Polyclinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University Hospital Jena, An der alten Post 4; Jena 07743 Germany
| | - Silke Tonndorf-Martini
- Polyclinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University Hospital Jena, An der alten Post 4; Jena 07743 Germany
| | - Bernd W. Sigusch
- Polyclinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology; University Hospital Jena, An der alten Post 4; Jena 07743 Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Balodite E, Strazdina I, Galinina N, McLean S, Rutkis R, Poole RK, Kalnenieks U. Structure of the Zymomonas mobilis respiratory chain: oxygen affinity of electron transport and the role of cytochrome c peroxidase. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2014; 160:2045-2052. [PMID: 24980645 PMCID: PMC4148688 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.081612-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The genome of the ethanol-producing bacterium Zymomonas mobilis encodes a bd-type terminal oxidase, cytochrome bc1 complex and several c-type cytochromes, yet lacks sequences homologous to any of the known bacterial cytochrome c oxidase genes. Recently, it was suggested that a putative respiratory cytochrome c peroxidase, receiving electrons from the cytochrome bc1 complex via cytochrome c552, might function as a peroxidase and/or an alternative oxidase. The present study was designed to test this hypothesis, by construction of a cytochrome c peroxidase mutant (Zm6-perC), and comparison of its properties with those of a mutant defective in the cytochrome b subunit of the bc1 complex (Zm6-cytB). Disruption of the cytochrome c peroxidase gene (ZZ60192) caused a decrease of the membrane NADH peroxidase activity, impaired the resistance of growing culture to exogenous hydrogen peroxide and hampered aerobic growth. However, this mutation did not affect the activity or oxygen affinity of the respiratory chain, or the kinetics of cytochrome d reduction. Furthermore, the peroxide resistance and membrane NADH peroxidase activity of strain Zm6-cytB had not decreased, but both the oxygen affinity of electron transport and the kinetics of cytochrome d reduction were affected. It is therefore concluded that the cytochrome c peroxidase does not terminate the cytochrome bc1 branch of Z. mobilis, and that it is functioning as a quinol peroxidase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Balodite
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Kronvalda boulv. 4, 1586 Riga, Latvia
| | - Inese Strazdina
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Kronvalda boulv. 4, 1586 Riga, Latvia
| | - Nina Galinina
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Kronvalda boulv. 4, 1586 Riga, Latvia
| | - Samantha McLean
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Reinis Rutkis
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Kronvalda boulv. 4, 1586 Riga, Latvia
| | - Robert K. Poole
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Uldis Kalnenieks
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Kronvalda boulv. 4, 1586 Riga, Latvia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Charoensuk K, Irie A, Lertwattanasakul N, Sootsuwan K, Thanonkeo P, Yamada M. Physiological importance of cytochrome c peroxidase in ethanologenic thermotolerant Zymomonas mobilis. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 20:70-82. [PMID: 21422762 DOI: 10.1159/000324675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zymomonas mobilis ZmCytC as a peroxidase bearing three heme c-binding motifs was investigated with ΔZmcytC constructed. The mutant exhibited filamentous shapes and reduction in growth under a shaking condition at a high temperature compared to the parental strain and became hypersensitive to exogenous H(2)O(2). Under the same condition, the mutation caused increased expression of genes for three other antioxidant enzymes. Peroxidase activity, which was detected in membrane fractions with ubiquinol-1 as a substrate but not with reduced horse heart cytochrome c, was almost abolished in ΔZmcytC. Peroxidase activity was also detected with NADH as a substrate, which was significantly inhibited by antimycin A. NADH oxidase activity of ΔZmcytC was found to be about 80% of that of the parental strain. The results suggest the involvement of ZmCytC in the aerobic respiratory chain via the cytochrome bc(1) complex in addition to the previously proposed direct interaction with ubiquinol and its contribution to protection against oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kannikar Charoensuk
- Applied Molecular Bioscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Henderson B, Ward JM, Ready D. Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans: a triple A* periodontopathogen? Periodontol 2000 2010; 54:78-105. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2009.00331.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
17
|
Takashima E, Yamada H, Yajima A, Shiomi K, Ōmura S, Kiyoshi K. A quinol peroxidase inhibitor prevents secretion of a leukotoxin fromAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. J Periodontal Res 2010; 45:123-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2009.01211.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|