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Lemoine L, Dieckmann R, Al Dahouk S, Vincze S, Luch A, Tralau T. Microbially competent 3D skin: a test system that reveals insight into host-microbe interactions and their potential toxicological impact. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:3487-3502. [PMID: 32681188 PMCID: PMC7502063 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02841-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The skin`s microbiome is predominantly commensalic, harbouring a metabolic potential far exceeding that of its host. While there is clear evidence that bacteria-dependent metabolism of pollutants modulates the toxicity for the host there is still a lack of models for investigating causality of microbiome-associated pathophysiology or toxicity. We now report on a biologically characterised microbial-skin tissue co-culture that allows studying microbe-host interactions for extended periods of time in situ. The system is based on a commercially available 3D skin model. In a proof-of-concept, this model was colonised with single and mixed cultures of two selected skin commensals. Two different methods were used to quantify the bacteria on the surface of the skin models. While Micrococcus luteus established a stable microbial-skin tissue co-culture, Pseudomonas oleovorans maintained slow continuous growth over the 8-day cultivation period. A detailed skin transcriptome analysis showed bacterial colonisation leading to up to 3318 significant changes. Additionally, FACS, ELISA and Western blot analyses were carried out to analyse secretion of cytokines and growth factors. Changes found in colonised skin varied depending on the bacterial species used and comprised immunomodulatory functions, such as secretion of IL-1α/β, Il-6, antimicrobial peptides and increased gene transcription of IL-10 and TLR2. The colonisation also influenced the secretion of growth factors such as VFGFA and FGF2. Notably, many of these changes have already previously been associated with the presence of skin commensals. Concomitantly, the model gained first insights on the microbiome's influence on skin xenobiotic metabolism (i.e., CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and CYP2D6) and olfactory receptor expression. The system provides urgently needed experimental access for assessing the toxicological impact of microbiome-associated xenobiotic metabolism in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Lemoine
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ralf Dieckmann
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Al Dahouk
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277, Berlin, Germany
| | - Szilvia Vincze
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tewes Tralau
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
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Cabrera MÁ, Márquez SL, Quezada CP, Osorio MI, Castro-Nallar E, González-Nilo FD, Pérez-Donoso JM. Biotransformation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene by Pseudomonas sp. TNT3 isolated from Deception Island, Antarctica. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 262:113922. [PMID: 32443190 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a nitroaromatic explosive, highly toxic and mutagenic for organisms. In this study, we report for the first time the screening and isolation of TNT-degrading bacteria from Antarctic environmental samples with potential use as bioremediation agents. Ten TNT-degrading bacterial strains were isolated from Deception Island. Among them, Pseudomonas sp. TNT3 was selected as the best candidate since it showed the highest tolerance, growth, and TNT biotransformation capabilities. Our results showed that TNT biotransformation involves the reduction of the nitro groups. Additionally, Pseudomonas sp. TNT3 was capable of transforming 100 mg/L TNT within 48 h at 28 °C, showing higher biotransformation capability than Pseudomonas putida KT2440, a known TNT-degrading bacterium. Functional annotation of Pseudomonas sp. TNT3 genome revealed a versatile set of molecular functions involved in xenobiotic degradation pathways. Two putative xenobiotic reductases (XenA_TNT3 and XenB_TNT3) were identified by means of homology searches and phylogenetic relationships. These enzymes were also characterized at molecular level using homology modelling and molecular dynamics simulations. Both enzymes share different levels of sequence similarity with other previously described TNT-degrading enzymes and with their closest potential homologues in databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Ángeles Cabrera
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. República 330, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián L Márquez
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. República 330, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina P Quezada
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. República 330, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel I Osorio
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. República 330, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Castro-Nallar
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. República 330, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando D González-Nilo
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. República 330, Santiago, Chile
| | - José M Pérez-Donoso
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. República 330, Santiago, Chile.
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Tóth E, Szuróczki S, Kéki Z, Bóka K, Szili-Kovács T, Schumann P. Gellertiella hungarica gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium of the family Rhizobiaceae isolated from a spa in Budapest. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:4565-4571. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Tóth
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sára Szuróczki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Kéki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Károly Bóka
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Szili-Kovács
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Herman O. Str. 15, Hungary
| | - Peter Schumann
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstrasse 7B, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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Sowada J, Schmalenberger A, Ebner I, Luch A, Tralau T. Degradation of benzo[a]pyrene by bacterial isolates from human skin. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2014; 88:129-39. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Sowada
- Department for Product Safety; German Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR); Berlin Germany
| | | | - Ingo Ebner
- Department for Product Safety; German Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR); Berlin Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department for Product Safety; German Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR); Berlin Germany
| | - Tewes Tralau
- Department for Product Safety; German Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR); Berlin Germany
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Biodegradation of fuel oxygenates and their effect on the expression of a newly identified cytochrome P450 gene in Achromobacter xylosoxidans MCM2/2/1. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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