1
|
Wang H, Cheng Q, Bao L, Li M, Chang K, Yi X. Cytoprotective Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Cancer Chemoresistance: Focus on Antioxidant, Antiapoptotic, and Pro-Autophagy Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1217. [PMID: 37371947 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance remains the foremost challenge in cancer therapy. Targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS) manipulation is a promising strategy in cancer treatment since tumor cells present high levels of intracellular ROS, which makes them more vulnerable to further ROS elevation than normal cells. Nevertheless, dynamic redox evolution and adaptation of tumor cells are capable of counteracting therapy-induced oxidative stress, which leads to chemoresistance. Hence, exploring the cytoprotective mechanisms of tumor cells is urgently needed to overcome chemoresistance. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a rate-limiting enzyme of heme degradation, acts as a crucial antioxidant defense and cytoprotective molecule in response to cellular stress. Recently, emerging evidence indicated that ROS detoxification and oxidative stress tolerance owing to the antioxidant function of HO-1 contribute to chemoresistance in various cancers. Enhanced HO-1 expression or enzymatic activity was revealed to promote apoptosis resistance and activate protective autophagy, which also involved in the development of chemoresistance. Moreover, inhibition of HO-1 in multiple cancers was identified to reversing chemoresistance or improving chemosensitivity. Here, we summarize the most recent advances regarding the antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and pro-autophagy properties of HO-1 in mediating chemoresistance, highlighting HO-1 as a novel target for overcoming chemoresistance and improving the prognosis of cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lingjie Bao
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Mingqing Li
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Kaikai Chang
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiaofang Yi
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ben-Eltriki M, Gayle EJ, Walker N, Deb S. Pharmacological Significance of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Prostate Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4301-4316. [PMID: 37232742 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is a detoxifying antioxidant microsomal enzyme that regulates inflammation, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis in prostate cancer (PCa). This makes HO-1 a promising target for therapeutic prevention and treatment due to its anti-inflammatory properties and ability to control redox homeostasis. Clinical evidence highlights the possible correlation between HO-1 expression and PCa growth, aggressiveness, metastasized tumors, resistance to therapy, and poor clinical outcomes. Interestingly, studies have reported anticancer benefits mediated by both HO-1 induction and inhibition in PCa models. Contrasting evidence exists on the role of HO-1 in PCa progression and possible treatment targets. Herein, we provide an overview of available evidence on the clinical significance of HO-1 signaling in PCa. It appears that the beneficial effects of HO-1 induction or inhibition are dependent on whether it is a normal versus malignant cell as well as the intensity (major vs. minor) of the increase in HO-1 enzymatic activity. The current literature evidence indicates that HO-1 has dual effects in PCa. The amount of cellular iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) can determine the role of HO-1 in PCa. A major increase in ROS enforces HO-1 to a protective role. HO-1 overexpression may provide cryoprotection to normal cells against oxidative stress via suppressing the expression of proinflammatory genes, and thus offer therapeutic prevention. In contrast, a moderate increase in ROS can lead to the perpetrator role of HO-1, which is associated with PCa progression and metastasis. HO-1 inhibition by xenobiotics in DNA-damaged cells tilts the balance to promote apoptosis and inhibit PCa proliferation and metastasis. Overall, the totality of the evidence revealed that HO-1 may play a dual role in the therapeutic prevention and treatment of PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ben-Eltriki
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
- Cochrane Hypertension Review Group, Therapeutic Initiative, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Erysa J Gayle
- College of Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, 18301 N. Miami Avenue, Miami, FL 33169, USA
| | - Noah Walker
- College of Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, 18301 N. Miami Avenue, Miami, FL 33169, USA
| | - Subrata Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mansouri A, Reiner Ž, Ruscica M, Tedeschi-Reiner E, Radbakhsh S, Bagheri Ekta M, Sahebkar A. Antioxidant Effects of Statins by Modulating Nrf2 and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling in Different Diseases. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051313. [PMID: 35268403 PMCID: PMC8911353 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins are competitive inhibitors of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase and have been used to treat elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) for almost four decades. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties which are independent of the lipid-lowering effects of statins, i.e., their pleiotropic effects, might be beneficial in the prevention or treatment of many diseases. This review discusses the antioxidant effects of statins achieved by modulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2/ heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) pathway in different organs and diseases. Nrf2 and other proteins involved in the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway have a crucial role in cellular responses to oxidative stress, which is a risk factor for ASCVD. Statins can significantly increase the DNA-binding activity of Nrf2 and induce the expression of its target genes, such as HO-1 and glutathione peroxidase) GPx, (thus protecting the cells against oxidative stress. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of statins, which are independent of their lipid-lowering effects, could be partly explained by the modulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atena Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran;
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20100 Milan, Italy;
| | - Eugenia Tedeschi-Reiner
- University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, University of Osijek, Vinogradska Cesta 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Shabnam Radbakhsh
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran;
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Mariam Bagheri Ekta
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Str., 117418 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fernandez K, Spielbauer KK, Rusheen A, Wang L, Baker TG, Eyles S, Cunningham LL. Lovastatin protects against cisplatin-induced hearing loss in mice. Hear Res 2020; 389:107905. [PMID: 32062294 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.107905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is used to treat a variety of solid tumors in both children and adults. However, cisplatin has serious side-effects, some of which may permanently affect patients' quality of life following treatment, such as ototoxicity. There is currently no FDA-approved therapy for the prevention or treatment of cisplatin-induced hearing loss. Herein we examine the potential for statins to prevent cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Statins, a class of drugs commonly used to prevent or manage hypercholesterolemia, have been of clinical utility for decades with dependable outcomes and reliable safety profiles in humans. Statins are known to be protective in animal models of noise-induced and age-related hearing loss. Moreover, studies have demonstrated an additive benefit of statins in cancer treatment. In the current study, lovastatin reduces cisplatin-induced hearing loss in adult mice. Lovastatin-mediated protection was significantly greater among female than male mice, and the dose of lovastatin required for protection was different between the sexes. Taken together our data indicate that lovastatin reduces cisplatin-induced hearing loss in mice and suggest that concurrent statin and cisplatin therapy may represent a feasible clinical strategy for reducing cisplatin-induced ototoxicity that should be explored for future clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Fernandez
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katie K Spielbauer
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aaron Rusheen
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lizhen Wang
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tiffany G Baker
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Stephen Eyles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Mass Spectrometry, Core, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Lisa L Cunningham
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hosseinzadeh A, Bahrampour Juybari K, Kamarul T, Sharifi AM. Protective effects of atorvastatin on high glucose-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathways in cultured chondrocytes. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:153-162. [PMID: 30796627 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00666-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The high glucose concentration is able to disturb chondrocyte homeostasis and contribute to OA pathogenesis. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of atorvastatin (ATO) on high glucose (HG)-mediated oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis in C28I2 human chondrocytes. The protective effect of ATO (0.01 and 0.1 μM) on HG (75 mM)-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis was evaluated in C28I2 cells. The effects of ATO on HG-induced intracellular ROS production and lipid peroxidation were detected and the protein expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, total and phosphorylated JNK and P38 MAPKs were analyzed by Western blotting. The mRNA expression levels of antioxidant enzymes including heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase, glutathione S-transferase-P1, catalase, superoxide dismutase-1, glutathione peroxidase-1, -3, -4 were evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Pretreatment with ATO remarkably increased the gene expression levels of antioxidant enzymes and reduced HG-induced elevation of ROS, lipid peroxidation, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase-3 activation, and JNK and P38 phosphorylation. Atorvastatin could considerably reduce HG-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis through increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Atorvastatin may be considered as a promising agent to prevent high glucose-induced cartilage degradation in OA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kobra Bahrampour Juybari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Tunku Kamarul
- Tissue Engineering Group, (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ali Mohammad Sharifi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Tissue Engineering Group, (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang X, Wang M, Teng S, Wang D, Li X, Wang X, Liao W, Wang D. Indolyl-chalcone derivatives induce hepatocellular carcinoma cells apoptosis through oxidative stress related mitochondrial pathway in vitro and in vivo. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 293:61-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
7
|
Jang HJ, Hong EM, Kim M, Kim JH, Jang J, Park SW, Byun HW, Koh DH, Choi MH, Kae SH, Lee J. Simvastatin induces heme oxygenase-1 via NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation through ERK and PI3K/Akt pathway in colon cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:46219-46229. [PMID: 27323826 PMCID: PMC5216792 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Statin has been known not only as their cholesterol-lowering action but also on their pleiotropic effects including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant as well as anti-cancer effect. Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) is a transcription factor to activate cellular antioxidant response to oxidative stress. There are little known whether statins affect activation of Nrf2 and Nrf2 signaling pathway in colon cancer cells. We investigated whether simvastatin stimulates the expression of Nrf2 and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and which signal pathway is involved in the expression of Nrf2 and antioxidant enzymes. We investigated the effect of simvastatin on the expression of Nrf2 and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in two human colon cancer cell lines, HT-29 and HCT 116 through cell proliferation assay, Western blotting and immunocytochemical analysis. We evaluated which signal pathway such as ERK or PI3K pathway affect Nrf2 activation and whether simvastatin induces antioxidant enzymes (heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H: quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), γ-glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC)). We demonstrated simvastatin-induced dose-dependent up-regulation of Nrf2 expression and stimulated Nrf2 nuclear translocation in colon cancer cells. We also demonstrated that simvastatin-induced anti-oxidant enzymes (HO-1, NQO1, and GCLC) in HT-29 and HCT 116 cells. PI3K/Akt inhibitor (LY294002) and ERK inhibitor (PD98059) suppressed simvastatin-induced Nrf2 and HO-1 expression in both HT-29 and HCT 116 cells. This study shows that simvastatin induces the activation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the expression of various anti-oxidant enzymes via ERK and PI3K/Akt pathway in colon cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo Jang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| | - Eun Mi Hong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| | - Mikang Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| | - Juah Jang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| | - Se Woo Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| | - Hyun Wu Byun
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hee Koh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| | - Min Ho Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| | - Sea Hyub Kae
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| | - Jin Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mevalonate Cascade Inhibition by Simvastatin Induces the Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway via Depletion of Isoprenoids in Tumor Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44841. [PMID: 28344327 PMCID: PMC5366866 DOI: 10.1038/srep44841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mevalonate (MEV) cascade is responsible for cholesterol biosynthesis and the formation of the intermediate metabolites geranylgeranylpyrophosphate (GGPP) and farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) used in the prenylation of proteins. Here we show that the MEV cascade inhibitor simvastatin induced significant cell death in a wide range of human tumor cell lines, including glioblastoma, astrocytoma, neuroblastoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and breast cancer. Simvastatin induced apoptotic cell death via the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. In all cancer cell types tested, simvastatin-induced cell death was not rescued by cholesterol, but was dependent on GGPP- and FPP-depletion. We confirmed that simvastatin caused the translocation of the small Rho GTPases RhoA, Cdc42, and Rac1/2/3 from cell membranes to the cytosol in U251 (glioblastoma), A549 (lung adenocarcinoma) and MDA-MB-231(breast cancer). Simvastatin-induced Rho-GTP loading significantly increased in U251 cells which were reversed with MEV, FPP, GGPP. In contrast, simvastatin did not change Rho-GTP loading in A549 and MDA-MB-231. Inhibition of geranylgeranyltransferase I by GGTi-298, but not farnesyltransferase by FTi-277, induced significant cell death in U251, A549, and MDA-MB-231. These results indicate that MEV cascade inhibition by simvastatin induced the intrinsic apoptosis pathway via inhibition of Rho family prenylation and depletion of GGPP, in a variety of different human cancer cell lines.
Collapse
|
9
|
Song P, Li K, Liu L, Wang X, Jian Z, Zhang W, Wang G, Li C, Gao T. Genetic polymorphism of the Nrf2 promoter region is associated with vitiligo risk in Han Chinese populations. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1840-50. [PMID: 27222475 PMCID: PMC5020638 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid‐derived two‐like 2‐antioxidant response element (Nrf2‐ARE) pathway and its downstream antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase‐1 (HMOX1 or HO‐1) play essential roles in H2O2‐induced oxidative damage in human melanocytes. However, the link between Nrf2 promoter polymorphisms and susceptibility to oxidative stress‐related diseases such as vitiligo is unknown. This study evaluated the association of the Nrf2 and HO‐1 genes polymorphisms with vitiligo susceptibility. In this case–control study of 1136 Han Chinese vitiligo patients and 1200 controls, Nrf2 (rs35652124 and rs6721961) and HO‐1 (rs2071746) genes were genotyped by PCR‐restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Overall, a significantly decreased risk of vitiligo was found to be associated with Nrf2 rs35652124 CC and combined (CT+CC) genotypes [odds ratio (OR) 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50–0.83 and OR, 0.84, 95% CI 0.71–0.99, respectively], as well as among subgroups: female, onset age ≤20 and never smoker. We subsequently found that Nrf2 rs35652124 C allele had higher transcriptional activity in the luciferase reporter assay compared with Nrf2 rs35652124 T allele. Furthermore, we investigated serum HO‐1 activity was associated with the rs35652124 CT+CC genotype and lower in patients than in controls (P = 0.024). Logistic regression analysis showed a dose–response relationship between lower vitiligo risk and increased HO‐1 activity in rs35652124 CT+CC genotype carriers (Ptrend < 0.05). These findings indicate that the C allele of rs35652124 located in the promoter region of Nrf2 gene is associated with protective effect on vitiligo in a Han Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Song
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhe Jian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weigang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Tianwen Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Qiu Z, Zhang W, Fan F, Li H, Wu C, Ye Y, Du Q, Li Z, Hu X, Zhao G, Sun A, Bao Z, Ge J. Rosuvastatin-attenuated heart failure in aged spontaneously hypertensive rats via PKCα/β2 signal pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 16:3052-61. [PMID: 22970977 PMCID: PMC4393733 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01632.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There are controversies concerning the capacity of Rosuvastatin to attenuate heart failure in end-stage hypertension. The aim of the study was to show whether the Rosuvastatin might be effective or not for the heart failure treatment. Twenty-one spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) aged 52 weeks with heart failure were randomly divided into three groups: two receiving Rosuvastatin at 20 and 40 mg/kg/day, respectively, and the third, placebo for comparison with seven Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKYs) as controls. After an 8-week treatment, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and echocardiographic features were evaluated; mRNA level of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and plasma NT-proBNP concentration were measured; the heart tissues were observed under electron microscope (EM); myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump (SERCA-2) activity and mitochondria cytochrome C oxidase (CCO) activity were measured; the expressions of SERCA-2a, phospholamban (PLB), ryanodine receptor2 (RyR2), sodium–calcium exchanger 1 (NCX1), Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 (PPI-1) were detected by Western blot and RT-qPCR; and the total and phosphorylation of protein kinase Cα/β (PKCα/β) were measured. Aged SHRs with heart failure was characterized by significantly decreased left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fraction shortening, enhanced left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and LV Volume, accompanied by increased plasma NT-proBNP and elevated BNP gene expression. Damaged myofibrils, vacuolated mitochondria and swollen sarcoplasmic reticulum were observed by EM. Myocardium mitochondria CCO and SERCA-2 activity decreased. The expressions of PLB and NCX1 increased significantly with up-regulation of PPI-1 and down-regulation of CaMKII, whereas that of RyR2 decreased. Rosuvastatin was found to ameliorate the heart failure in aged SHRs and to improve changes in SERCA-2a, PLB, RyR2, NCX1, CaMKII and PPI-1; PKCα/β2 signal pathway to be suppressed; the protective effect of Rosuvastatin to be dose dependent. In conclusion, the heart failure of aged SHRs that was developed during the end stage of hypertension could be ameliorated by Rosuvastatin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Qiu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zinc Protoporphyrin Upregulates Heme Oxygenase-1 in PC-3 Cells via the Stress Response Pathway. Int J Cell Biol 2013; 2013:162094. [PMID: 23476651 PMCID: PMC3586522 DOI: 10.1155/2013/162094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP), a naturally occurring molecule formed in iron deficiency or lead poisoning, is a potent competitive inhibitor of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). It also regulates expression of HO-1 at the transcriptional level. However, the effect of ZnPP on HO-1 expression is controversial. It was shown to induce HO-1 expression in some cells, but suppress it in others. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of ZnPP on HO-1 expression in prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Incubation of PC-3 cells with 10 μM ZnPP for 4 h showed only a slight induction of HO-1 mRNA and protein, but the induction was high after 16 h and was maintained through 48 h of incubation. Of all the known responsive elements in the HO-1 promoter, ZnPP activated mainly the stress response elements. Of the various protein kinase inhibitors and antioxidant tested, only Ro 31-8220 abrogated ZnPP-induced HO-1 expression, suggesting that activation of HO-1 gene by ZnPP may involve protein kinase C (PKC). The involvement of PKC α, β, δ, η, θ, and ζ isoforms was ruled out by the use of specific inhibitors. The isoform of PKC involved and participation of other transcription factors remain to be studied.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zacharski LR, DePalma RG, Shamayeva G, Chow BK. The statin-iron nexus: anti-inflammatory intervention for arterial disease prevention. Am J Public Health 2013; 103:e105-12. [PMID: 23409890 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2012.301163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We postulated the existence of a statin-iron nexus by which statins improve cardiovascular disease outcomes at least partially by countering proinflammatory effects of excess iron stores. METHODS Using data from a clinical trial of iron (ferritin) reduction in advanced peripheral arterial disease, the Iron and Atherosclerosis Study, we compared effects of ferritin levels versus high-density lipoprotein to low-density lipoprotein ratios (both were randomization variables) on clinical outcomes in participants receiving and not receiving statins. RESULTS Statins increased high-density lipoprotein to low-density lipoprotein ratios and reduced ferritin levels by noninteracting mechanisms. Improved clinical outcomes were associated with lower ferritin levels but not with improved lipid status. CONCLUSIONS There are commonalities between the clinical benefits of statins and the maintenance of physiologic iron levels. Iron reduction may be a safe and low-cost alternative to statins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leo R Zacharski
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Hospital, White River Junction, VT 05009, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|