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Adams BD, Arem H, Hubal MJ, Cartmel B, Li F, Harrigan M, Sanft T, Cheng CJ, Pusztai L, Irwin ML. Exercise and weight loss interventions and miRNA expression in women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 170:55-67. [PMID: 29511965 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4738-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity and weight gain are associated with comorbidities including a higher risk of tumor recurrence and cancer-related deaths among breast cancer (BC) survivors; however, the underlying mechanisms linking obesity and cancer are poorly understood. Given the lack of clinically validated BC biomarkers, obesity and weight-loss studies utilize serum biomarkers as the intermediary outcomes of tumor recurrence. Studies have indicated microRNAs (miRNA)s are reliable biomarkers for cancer. We hypothesized that miRNA expression correlates with obesity and weight loss amongst BC survivors. This would yield insight into the biological pathways by which this association occurs, enabling more precise development of therapeutics. PATIENTS AND METHODS We correlated baseline body mass index (BMI) with serum miRNA expression in 121 BC survivors enrolled in the Hormones and Physical Exercise (HOPE) trial. We then analyzed expression of the 35 most abundant miRNAs from HOPE in a six-month randomized controlled weight-loss trial (Lifestyle, Exercise, and Nutrition; LEAN) in 100 BC survivors. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software was used to identify biological pathway targets of the BMI-associated and intervention-responsive miRNAs using predictive biomarkers. RESULTS Pearson correlations in HOPE identified eight miRNAs associated with BMI, including miR-191-5p (r = - 0.22, p = 0.016) and miR-122-5p (r = 0.25, p = 0.0048). In the LEAN validation study, levels of miR-191-5p significantly increased during the six-month intervention (p = 0.082). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified "Estrogen-mediated S-phase entry" (HOPE p = 0.003; LEAN p < 0.001) and "Molecular mechanisms of cancer" (HOPE p = 0.02; LEAN p < 0.001) as the top canonical pathways that significantly correlated with BMI-associated and intervention-responsive miRNAs and contain obesity and cancer-relevant genes including the E2F family of transcription factors and CCND1, which have been implicated in sporadic BC. CONCLUSION While the association between obesity and BC recurrence and mortality has been demonstrated in the literature, mechanisms underlying the link between weight gain and cancer are unclear. Using two independent clinical trials, we identified novel miRNAs associative to BMI and weight loss that contribute to the development of cancer. Predictive modeling of miRNA targets identified multiple canonical pathways associated with cancer, highlighting potential mechanisms explaining the link between BMI and increased cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Adams
- The RNA Institute, University at Albany State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.,Investigative Medicine Program, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Department of RNA Sciences, The Brain Institute of America, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Hannah Arem
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute of Public Health George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Monica J Hubal
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute of Public Health George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | | | - Fangyong Li
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | | | - Tara Sanft
- Yale Medical Oncology, Smilow Cancer Center at Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Christopher J Cheng
- Division of Nucleic Acid Technology, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Cheshire, CT, 06410, USA
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Yale Medical Oncology, Smilow Cancer Center at Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
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Zhang YA, Zhu JM, Yin J, Tang WQ, Guo YM, Shen XZ, Liu TT. High expression of neuro-oncological ventral antigen 1 correlates with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90955. [PMID: 24608171 PMCID: PMC3946567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuro-oncological ventral antigen 1 (Nova1) is a neuron-specific RNA-binding protein in human paraneoplastic opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia accompanying with malignant tumors, but its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains elusive. In this study, we found that overexpressed intratumoral Nova1 was associated with poor survival rate and increased recurrence rate of HCC, especially early recurrence, and was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival rate and tumor recurrence. HCC cell lines over-expressing Nova1 exhibited greater potentials in cell proliferation, invasion and migration, while knockdown of Nova1 had the opposite effects. All these findings indicate that Nova1 may act as a prognostic marker for poor outcome and high recurrence in HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/surgery
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery
- Neuro-Oncological Ventral Antigen
- Prognosis
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Survival Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-An Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Min Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Qing Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Mei Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Zhong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao-Tao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Maher J. Role of the clinical immunology laboratory in disease monitoring. World J Immunol 2013; 3:18-30. [DOI: 10.5411/wji.v3.i2.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunological investigations provide useful information to guide diagnosis of several disorders. Many such tests are also commonly repeated at intervals, in an effort to facilitate disease monitoring. In general however, immunology test results are often slow to alter. Furthermore, audit activity has indicated that repeated testing accounts for a substantial workload in many immunology services, which may waste resources and compromise the efficient completion of necessary tests. Consequently, the need and appropriate minimum interval between repeated testing requires critical evaluation. In this review, the clinical utility of repeated performance of several common immunology investigations has been evaluated, based upon published evidence. In some cases (e.g., paraprotein quantification, or measurement of anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies), repeated testing provides vital clinical information and can be justified on a frequent and individualized basis. However, many other investigations provided by immunology services provide less valuable information when used to aid disease monitoring rather than diagnosis. It is hoped that the data summarized here will facilitate a more evidence-based approach to repeated testing. Such information may also assist with the local implementation of demand management strategies based upon setting of minimum retesting intervals for these investigations.
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