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Vercellino GF, Erdemoglu E, Lichtenberg P, Muallem MZ, Richter R, Abu-Rustum NR, Plante M, Lécuru F, Greggi S, Monk BJ, Sagae S, Denkert C, Keller M, Alhakeem M, Hellriegel M, Dückelmann AM, Chiantera V, Sehouli J. A GCIG international survey: clinical practice patterns of sentinel lymph node biopsies in cervical cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 300:191-199. [PMID: 31006839 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-019-05164-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the practice patterns among centers and physicians worldwide regarding sentinel lymph node biopsies (SLNB) in cervical cancer (CC) patients. METHOD A validated 35-item questionnaire regarding SLNB in CC supported by the Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup (GCIG), and sponsored by the North-Eastern German Society of Gynaecologic-Oncology (NOGGO) was sent to all major gynecological cancer societies across the globe for further distribution from October 2015 and continued for a period of 7 months. RESULTS One hundred and sixty-one institutions from around the world participated. One hundred and six (66%) of the participants were from university centers and 111 (69%) were gynecologic oncologists. One hundred and fifty-two (97%) performed lymphadenectomy (LNE) and 147 (94%) did so systematically; 97 (60%) used SLNB, due to lower morbidity (73%), reliability (55%) and time-saving (27%). In cases of positive SLNB (pN+), 39% of respondents stopped the operation and sent the patient for chemoradiation (CRT), 45% completed pelvic and paraaortic LNE, whereas 26% went on to perform a radical hysterectomy (RH) and systematic pelvic and paraaortic LNE. In case of negative SLNB (pN0), 39% of institutions still performed a systematic pelvic and paraaortic LNE. CONCLUSION In this survey worldwide, SLNB adoption is an encouraging 60%, yet ample differences exist regarding strategy, and to a lower extent the techniques used. Lack of experience is the most common reason SLNB is not performed. Efforts to increase surgical education on SLNB technique and multicenter prospective trials providing evidence-based guidelines are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Vercellino
- Department of Gynecology With Center for Oncological Surgery, Charité Universtitätmedizin, Charité Platz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,UMG Universität Medizin Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - E Erdemoglu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - P Lichtenberg
- Department of Gynecology With Center for Oncological Surgery, Charité Universtitätmedizin, Charité Platz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Z Muallem
- Department of Gynecology With Center for Oncological Surgery, Charité Universtitätmedizin, Charité Platz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Richter
- Department of Gynecology With Center for Oncological Surgery, Charité Universtitätmedizin, Charité Platz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - N R Abu-Rustum
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Plante
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Laval Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - F Lécuru
- Department of Gynecologic Oncologic and Breast Surgery, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (HEGP), Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - S Greggi
- Gynecologic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - B J Monk
- University of Arizona Cancer Center-Phoenix, Creighton University School of Medicine at St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - S Sagae
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sapporo West Kojinkai Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
| | - C Denkert
- Department of Pathology, Charité Universtitätmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Keller
- Department of Gynecology With Center for Oncological Surgery, Charité Universtitätmedizin, Charité Platz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Alhakeem
- Department of Gynecology With Center for Oncological Surgery, Charité Universtitätmedizin, Charité Platz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Hellriegel
- Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, UMG Universitätmedizin, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A M Dückelmann
- Department of Gynecology With Center for Oncological Surgery, Charité Universtitätmedizin, Charité Platz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - V Chiantera
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Department of Gynecology With Center for Oncological Surgery, Charité Universtitätmedizin, Charité Platz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,ESGO Center of Excellence Ovarian Cancer Surgery, ESGO Accredited European Training Centre in Gynaecological Oncology, Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCCC), Universitätsmedizin Berlin Charité/Medical University of Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Mittelallee 9, 1st Floor, Room No. 1.3073, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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Kimyon Comert G, Dincer N, Usubutun A. How to Handle Lymphadenectomy Specimens to Identify Metastasis More Accurately in Gynecologic Pathology. Int J Surg Pathol 2018; 27:244-250. [PMID: 30261787 DOI: 10.1177/1066896918802032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify the value of processing multiple sections to detect metastasis in lymph nodes (LNs) dissected during gynecologic cancer surgery, and to evaluate the sizes of metastatic LNs in each region to compare with the largest one. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 362 patients who had gynecologic cancer with at least one metastatic LN. Slides of 627 metastatic LN specimens were categorized according to the processing technique into single and more than one section (MOS) groups. In the MOS group, the LNs were cut into 2 or 3 parallel slices because their greatest dimensions exceeded 0.5 cm. Sizes of LN metastatic foci (MF) were measured and defined as follows: MF ⩽2 mm as micrometastasis and MF >2 mm as macrometastasis. The largest LN diameters among the metastatic LNs and the largest LNs in those regions were measured. Groups were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS Sixty-five (10.3%) of the metastatic LNs included in this study had micrometastases and 40 (6.3%) of them had MF ⩽1 mm. The rate of micrometastasis was higher in the MOS group than in the single-section group (11.8% vs 8.5%, respectively). Twenty-eight percent (n = 175) of metastatic LNs were not the largest, and 55.5% of those were less than 1 cm in diameter. CONCLUSION Methods of LN processing and macroscopic evaluation are not standardized, and processing single sections from LNs may overlook micrometastases. The detection rate of micrometastases can be improved by processing multiple sections from LNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunsu Kimyon Comert
- 1 Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nazmiye Dincer
- 2 Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
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Wada H, Hirohashi K, Anayama T, Nakajima T, Kato T, Chan HHL, Qiu J, Daly M, Weersink R, Jaffray DA, Irish JC, Waddell TK, Keshavjee S, Yoshino I, Yasufuku K. Minimally invasive electro-magnetic navigational bronchoscopy-integrated near-infrared-guided sentinel lymph node mapping in the porcine lung. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126945. [PMID: 25993006 PMCID: PMC4438870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The use of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) for sentinel lymph node (SN) mapping has been investigated in lung cancer; however, this has not been fully adapted for minimally invasive surgery (MIS). The aim of our study was to develop a minimally invasive SN mapping integrating pre-operative electro-magnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB)-guided transbronchial ICG injection and intraoperative NIR thoracoscopic imaging. Methods A NIR thoracoscope was used to visualize ICG fluorescence. ICG solutions in a 96-well plate and ex vivo porcine lungs were examined to optimize ICG concentrations and injection volumes. Transbronchial ICG injection (n=4) was assessed in comparison to a traditional transpleural approach (n=3), where after thoracotomy an ICG solution (100μL at 100μg/mL) was injected into the porcine right upper lobe for SN identification. For further translation into clinical use, transbronchial ICG injection prior to thoracotomy followed by NIR thoracoscopic imaging was validated (n=3). ENB was used for accurate targeting in two pigs with a pseudo-tumor. Results The ICG fluorescence at 10 μg/mL was the brightest among various concentrations, unchanged by the distance between the thoracoscope and ICG solutions. Injected ICG of no more than 500μL showed a localized fluorescence area. All 7 pigs showed a bright paratracheal lymph node within 15 minutes post-injection, with persistent fluorescence for 60 minutes. The antecedent transbronchial ICG injection succeeded in SN identification in all 3 cases at the first thoracoscopic inspection within 20 minutes post-injection. The ENB system allowed accurate ICG injection surrounding the pseudo-tumors. Conclusions ENB-guided ICG injection followed by NIR thoracoscopy was technically feasible for SN mapping in the porcine lung. This promising platform may be translated into human clinical trials and is suited for MIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Wada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hirohashi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Takashi Anayama
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Takahiro Nakajima
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harley H. L. Chan
- Guided Therapeutics, TECHNA Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jimmy Qiu
- Guided Therapeutics, TECHNA Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Daly
- Guided Therapeutics, TECHNA Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Weersink
- Guided Therapeutics, TECHNA Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David A. Jaffray
- Guided Therapeutics, TECHNA Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan C. Irish
- Guided Therapeutics, TECHNA Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas K. Waddell
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ichiro Yoshino
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yasufuku
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Guided Therapeutics, TECHNA Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Schaafsma BE, Verbeek FPR, Peters AAW, van der Vorst JR, de Kroon CD, van Poelgeest MIE, Trimbos JBMZ, van de Velde CJH, Frangioni JV, Vahrmeijer AL, Gaarenstroom KN. Near-infrared fluorescence sentinel lymph node biopsy in vulvar cancer: a randomised comparison of lymphatic tracers. BJOG 2013; 120:758-64. [PMID: 23418877 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to confirm the feasibility of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging for sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in vulvar cancer and to compare the tracer indocyanine green (ICG) bound to human serum albumin (HSA) versus ICG alone. Women received 99mTc-nanocolloid and patent blue for SLN detection. Subsequently, women randomly received ICG:HSA or ICG alone. In 24 women, 35 SLNs were intraoperatively detected. All SLNs detected were radioactive and NIR fluorescent and 27 (77%) were blue. No significant difference was found between ICG:HSA and ICG alone. This trial confirms the feasibility of NIR fluorescence imaging for SLN mapping in vulvar cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Schaafsma
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
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