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Karim M, Klein EJ, Nohria A, Taiwo D, Adotama P, Cohen D, Shapiro J, Milam E, Lo Sicco K. Potential for Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Popular Hair Care Practices and Ingredients. Dermatitis 2023; 34:484-491. [PMID: 37339433 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2023.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) due to personal care products is rising in parallel with increasing product availability and consumer interest. Hair products specifically represent a significant source of potential allergens, including preservatives, surfactants, emulsifiers, fragrances, adhesives, and dyes. ACD due to hair care products can present as dermatitis in the distinctive "rinse-off" distribution, involving the neck, eyelids, and lateral face in addition to the scalp. Herein, the authors review ingredients in hair care products that can cause ACD and practical tips for allergen identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karim
- From the Department of Dermatology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Klein
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ambika Nohria
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dolly Taiwo
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Prince Adotama
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - David Cohen
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jerry Shapiro
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emily Milam
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kristen Lo Sicco
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Warshaw EM, Kullberg SA, DeKoven JG, Maibach HI, Belsito DV, Silverberg JI, Fowler JF, Atwater AR, Sasseville D, Reeder MJ, Taylor JS, DeLeo VA, Pratt MD, Zug KA, Fransway AF. Scalp involvement in patients referred for patch testing: Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of North American Contact Dermatitis Group data, 1996 to 2016. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 84:977-988. [PMID: 32822786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scalp conditions are often multifactorial. OBJECTIVE To characterize patients with scalp involvement and patch-testing outcomes. METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of North American Contact Dermatitis Group data (1996-2016). Study groups included patients with scalp involvement (≤3 anatomic sites coded) with or without additional sites. RESULTS A total of 4.8% of patients (2331/48,753) had scalp identified as 1 of up to 3 affected anatomic sites. Approximately one-third of "scalp-only" individuals had a specific primary diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis (38.6%), followed by seborrheic dermatitis (17.2%) and irritant contact dermatitis (9.3%). When adjacent anatomic sites were affected, allergic contact dermatitis was more frequently identified as the primary diagnosis (>50%). The top 5 currently clinically relevant allergens in scalp-only patients were p-phenylenediamine, fragrance mix I, nickel sulfate, balsam of Peru, and cinnamic aldehyde. Methylisothiazolinone sensitivity was notable when adjacent anatomic sites were involved. The top 3 specifically identified sources for scalp-only allergens were hair dyes, shampoo/conditioners, and consumer items (eg, hair appliances, glasses). LIMITATIONS Tertiary referral population. CONCLUSION Isolated scalp involvement was less likely to be associated with allergic contact dermatitis than when adjacent anatomic sites were involved. Overlap with multiple diagnoses was frequent, including seborrheic dermatitis, irritant dermatitis, other dermatoses, or all 3. p-Phenylenediamine was the most common allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Warshaw
- Department of Dermatology, Park Nicollet Health Services, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Dermatology, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sara A Kullberg
- Department of Dermatology, Park Nicollet Health Services, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Dermatology, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota; University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
| | - Joel G DeKoven
- Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Howard I Maibach
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Donald V Belsito
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- Department of Dermatology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Joseph F Fowler
- Division of Dermatology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Amber R Atwater
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Denis Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Margo J Reeder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - James S Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Vincent A DeLeo
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Melanie D Pratt
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathryn A Zug
- Department of Dermatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
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Thyssen JP, Menné T, Johansen JD. Nickel release from inexpensive jewelry and hair clasps purchased in an EU country - Are consumers sufficiently protected from nickel exposure? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2009; 407:5315-5318. [PMID: 19631967 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 06/19/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nickel allergic subjects are at risk factor of acquiring hand eczema. In 1990 and 1994, respectively, Denmark and member states in the EU regulated nickel release from selected consumer products. The intention was that the nickel epidemic could be controlled and prevented if the general population was protected from high cutaneous nickel concentrations. Despite a decrease, the prevalence of nickel allergy remains high as nearly 10% of young women are nickel allergic. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to perform dimethylglyoxime (DMG) testing of inexpensive jewelry and hair clasps purchased from random stores in Copenhagen, Denmark to detect the proportion of items that may result in nickel allergy. METHODS Inexpensive jewelry and hair clasps were purchased from 36 stores and street vendors in Copenhagen and were later tested for nickel release using the DMG test. RESULTS The study showed that 19.3% hair clasps, 14.8% earrings, and 12.9% necklaces intended for adult women released an excessive amount of nickel. Of 25 stores visited, 36.0% sold DMG positive jewelry. For items designed for children, excessive nickel release was identified in hair clasps (79.4%) and in finger rings (20%). Four (50.0%) of 8 children clothing stores sold jewelry that released too much nickel. DISCUSSION Excessive nickel release has been regulated since 1990 in Denmark. However, 1/5 of purchased items released nickel in concentrations that may lead to nickel allergy. Especially hair clasps intended for children released an excessive amount of nickel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Pontoppidan Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-Allergology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900Hellerup, Denmark.
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Thyssen JP, Jensen P, Johansen JD, Menné T. Contact dermatitis caused by nickel release from hair clasps purchased in a country covered by the EU Nickel Directive. Contact Dermatitis 2009; 60:180-1. [PMID: 19260923 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2008.01493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Pontoppidan Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology, National Allergy Research Centre, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.
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