1
|
Abstract
Patients living with HIV may experience a variety of inflammatory dermatoses, ranging from exacerbations of underlying conditions to those triggered by HIV infection itself. This article presents a current literature review on the etiology, diagnosis and management of atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, pityriasis rubra pilaris, lichen planus, seborrheic dermatitis, eosinophilic folliculitis, pruritic papular eruption and pruritus, in patients living with HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bobotsis
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shakira Brathwaite
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Panteha Eshtiaghi
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fabian Rodriguez-Bolanos
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip Doiron
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Idriss MH, Barbosa N, Chang MB, Gibson L, Baum CL, Vidal NY. Concomitant hypertrophic lichen planus and squamous cell carcinoma: Clinical features and treatment outcomes. Int J Dermatol 2022; 61:1527-1531. [PMID: 35766459 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with hypertrophic lichen planus (HLP) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) diagnoses present clinicians with diagnostic and disease management challenges. OBJECTIVE To better define the clinical and treatment outcomes of patients with concomitant diagnoses of HLP and SCC. METHODS AND MATERIALS A retrospective review was performed from January 1, 2008, to July 31, 2015, at Mayo Clinic. Patients with a histologic diagnosis of HLP and SCC were included. Patient demographics, associated comorbidities, histopathologic characteristics, treatment, and outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS Thirty-three patients were identified; 79% were female, and mostly the lower extremities were involved. Most of the SCCs were well-differentiated and in situ with the majority treated with destruction or excision. There were no cases of local recurrence, metastasis, or disease-specific death during the follow-up period (mean 55.8 months). CONCLUSION Patients with diagnoses of both HLP and SCC appear to be a distinct population that is predominantly female with lesion predilection for the lower extremities. However, regardless of treatment modality or tumor size, there were no adverse outcomes. An initial trial of more conservative treatment measures with close follow-up may be reasonable with biopsy of lesions unresponsive to conventional treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munir H Idriss
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Naiara Barbosa
- The University of New Mexico, Department of Dermatology, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Michael B Chang
- The University of New Mexico, Department of Dermatology, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,Dermatology and Skin Cancer Center of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Lawrence Gibson
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christian L Baum
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nahid Y Vidal
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zambare U, Tambe S, Nayak C, Patil P, Chhonkar A. Clinical and histopathological aspects of lichenoid dermatitis in patients of retroviral diseases. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2022; 43:59-63. [PMID: 35846522 PMCID: PMC9282695 DOI: 10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_51_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
4
|
Abstract
The terms 'lichenoid' and 'interface' dermatitis are often used interchangeably to describe an inflammatory pattern characterized histologically by damage to the basal keratinocytes in the epidermis. The mechanism of cell damage of such cells is now best understood as apoptosis, or programmed cell death. This inflammatory pattern of dermatoses, is also accompanied frequently by a band of lymphocytes and histiocytes in the superficial dermis, that often obscures the dermal-epidermal junction, hence the term 'lichenoid'. A discussion of the more common lichenoid/interface dermatitides encountered in the routine clinical practice encompasses the following entities: lichen planus, lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, erythema multiforme, graft versus host disease, fixed drug reactions, and multiple others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro A Gru
- Department of Pathology & Dermatology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, Unitee States.
| | - Andrea L Salavaggione
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alomari A, McNiff JM. The significance of eosinophils in hypertrophic lichen planus. J Cutan Pathol 2014; 41:347-52. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alomari
- Department of Pathology; Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven CT USA
| | - Jennifer M. McNiff
- Department of Pathology; Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven CT USA
- Department of Dermatology; Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven CT USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Youssef S, Ben Abdallah M, Hanchi I, Dhaoui MR, Jaber K, Bouziani A, Doss N. [Linear verrucous lesions of the trunk and limbs]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2008; 135:606-9. [PMID: 18789301 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2008.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Youssef
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital militaire principal d'instruction de Tunis, 1089 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisie.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Campisi G, Di Fede O, Craxi A, Di Stefano R, Margiotta V. Oral lichen planus, hepatitis C virus, and HIV: No association in a cohort study from an area of high hepatitis C virus endemicity. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004; 51:364-70. [PMID: 15337978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2004.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to assess the age-specific prevalence of oral lichen planus (OLP) in Mediterranean patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) and to evaluate the features of OLP in relation to sex, smoking, HCV genotype, HIV-1 coinfection, and antiviral treatments. METHODS In all, 178 anti-HCV-positive adults (60 women and 118 men; age range 20-66 years) recruited from two cohorts (104 HIV-negative patients and 74 patients with HIV coinfection) underwent oral examination. RESULTS Overall prevalence of OLP was 2.8% (5 of 178) (male/female ratio 0.2; odds ratio=0.119; 95% confidence interval=0.013-1.106), only among HIV-negative participants, always in the reticular pattern, and in the adult age. HCV genotype, tobacco smoking, and treatment (interferon alfa/ribavirin) were not significantly associated to OLP. CONCLUSIONS Among HCV-infected patients, we found a low prevalence of OLP. The absence of OLP in HIV-coinfected patients suggests immunosuppression secondary to defective CD4 functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Campisi
- Unit of Oral Medicine, Department of Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ruiz Villaverde R, Blasco Melguizo J, Naranjo Sintes R, Serrano Ortega S, Dulanto Campos MC. Multiple linear lichen planus in HIV patient. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2002; 16:412-4. [PMID: 12224707 DOI: 10.1046/j.1468-3083.2002.00570_2.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
9
|
|
10
|
Scully C, Beyli M, Ferreiro MC, Ficarra G, Gill Y, Griffiths M, Holmstrup P, Mutlu S, Porter S, Wray D. Update on oral lichen planus: etiopathogenesis and management. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ORAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORAL BIOLOGISTS 1998; 9:86-122. [PMID: 9488249 DOI: 10.1177/10454411980090010501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lichen planus (LP) is a relatively common disorder of the stratified squamous epithelia, which is, in many ways, an enigma. This paper is the consensus outcome of a workshop held in Switzerland in 1995, involving a selection of clinicians and scientists with an interest in the condition and its management. The oral (OLP) eruptions usually have a distinct clinical morphology and characteristic distribution, but OLP may also present a confusing array of patterns and forms, and other disorders may clinically simulate OLP. Lesions may affect other mucosae and/or skin. Lichen planus is probably of multifactorial origin, sometimes induced by drugs or dental materials, often idiopathic, and with an immunopathogenesis involving T-cells in particular. The etiopathogenesis appears to be complex, with interactions between and among genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, but much has now been clarified about the mechanisms involved, and interesting new associations, such as with liver disease, have emerged. The management of lichen planus is still not totally satisfactory, and there is as yet no definitive treatment, but there have been advances in the control of the condition. There is no curative treatment available; immunomodulation, however, can control the condition. Based on the observed increased risk of malignant development, OLP patients should be offered regular follow-up examination from two to four times annually and asked to report any changes in their lesions and/or symptoms. Follow-up may be particularly important in patients with atrophic/ulcerative/erosive affections of the tongue, the gingiva, or the buccal mucosa. Much more research is required into the genetic and environmental aspects of lichen planus, into the premalignant potential, and into the possible associations with chronic liver, and other disorders. More clinical studies are required into the possible efficacy of immunomodulatory drugs such as pentoxifylline and thalidomide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Scully
- Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health Care Sciences, University of London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Requena L, Kutzner H, Escalonilla P, Ortiz S, Schaller J, Rohwedder A. Cutaneous reactions at sites of herpes zoster scars: an expanded spectrum. Br J Dermatol 1998; 138:161-8. [PMID: 9536241 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02045.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Several types of cutaneous lesions have previously been described at the sites of herpes zoster scars. We describe 16 patients with cutaneous lesions which had developed on herpes zoster scars. Biopsies were taken from these lesions, and a polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect the viral genome in paraffin-embedded specimens. Histopathological findings enabled diagnosis of nonspecific granulomatous dermatitis in five patients, granulomatous vasculitis in two patients, lichen sclerosus in two patients, and pseudolymphoma, keloid, sarcoidal granuloma, granuloma annulare, granulomatous folliculitis, lichen planus and cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease, each in one patient. Varicella-zoster virus DNA was not identified in any of the patients. Granulomatous folliculitis, lichen sclerosus and cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease have not previously been described in herpes zoster scars, but they are three new cutaneous reaction patterns that may have developed within these scars. Our investigations indicate that the cutaneous reactions appearing in herpes zoster scars are not due to the persistence of varicella-zoster virus DNA within the lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Requena
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hamann ID, Barnetson RS. Non-infective mucocutaneous presentations of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Australas J Dermatol 1997; 38:105-12; quiz 113-4. [PMID: 9293655 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-0960.1997.tb01125.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) commonly manifests as one of many skin signs. Early diagnosis is essential. The present review discusses the likely non-infective presentations of HIV infection from the perspective of the dermatologist. While most diseases discussed also occur outside the setting of HIV infection, those clinical and pathological features which are distinctive will be highlighted.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Dermatitis, Photoallergic/diagnosis
- Dermatitis, Photoallergic/etiology
- Dermatitis, Photoallergic/therapy
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Female
- Folliculitis/diagnosis
- Folliculitis/etiology
- Folliculitis/therapy
- HIV Infections/complications
- HIV Infections/diagnosis
- HIV Infections/immunology
- HIV Seropositivity/immunology
- Humans
- Male
- Prognosis
- Skin Diseases, Papulosquamous/diagnosis
- Skin Diseases, Papulosquamous/etiology
- Skin Diseases, Papulosquamous/therapy
- Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/diagnosis
- Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/etiology
- Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/therapy
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I D Hamann
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|