1
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Daruish M, Cazzato G, Markiewicz D, Taibjee S, Fortarezza F, Calonje E. A Review of Atypical Cutaneous Histological Manifestations of Herpes Zoster. Viruses 2024; 16:1035. [PMID: 39066198 PMCID: PMC11281363 DOI: 10.3390/v16071035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical and histopathological features of herpes zoster (HZ) are usually straightforward. Atypical histological presentations, in the absence of the classical viral cytopathic changes, are well documented and can make the diagnosis of HZ extremely difficult. Herein, we review the existing literature on atypical cutaneous histological manifestations of the disease, with emphasis on the subtle clues, use of immunohistochemistry, and potential pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged Daruish
- Department of Histopathology, Dorset County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London DT1 2JY, UK;
| | - Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Dorota Markiewicz
- Department of Dermatopathology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London DT1 2JY, UK; (D.M.); (E.C.)
| | - Saleem Taibjee
- Department of Histopathology, Dorset County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London DT1 2JY, UK;
| | - Francesco Fortarezza
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University Hospital of Padova, 35100 Padova, Italy;
| | - Eduardo Calonje
- Department of Dermatopathology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London DT1 2JY, UK; (D.M.); (E.C.)
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2
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Canu D, Beltzung F, Poizac P, Doutre MS. Abundant CD30+ lymphocyte infiltrate in idiopathic perniosis. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2024; 151:103279. [PMID: 38776862 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2024.103279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- D Canu
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Saint-André, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - F Beltzung
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - M-S Doutre
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Saint-André, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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3
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Marshall EH, Brumbaugh B, Holt A, Chen ST, Hoang MP. Cutaneous Intravascular Hematolymphoid Entities: A Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:679. [PMID: 38611591 PMCID: PMC11011375 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Intravascular lymphomas are rare disease conditions that exhibit neoplastic lymphoid cells that are confined mainly to the lumens of small capillaries and medium-sized vessels. The majority of the intravascular lymphomas are of B-cell origin, but they can include NK/T-cell and CD30+ immunophenotypes. In the histologic differential diagnosis are benign proliferations such as intralymphatic histiocytosis and intravascular atypical CD30+ T-cell proliferation. In this review, we discuss the clinical, histopathologic, and molecular findings of intravascular B-cell lymphoma, intravascular NK/T-cell lymphoma, intralymphatic histiocytosis, and benign atypical intravascular CD30+ T-cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bethany Brumbaugh
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (B.B.); (A.H.); (S.T.C.)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Allison Holt
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (B.B.); (A.H.); (S.T.C.)
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Steven T. Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (B.B.); (A.H.); (S.T.C.)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mai P. Hoang
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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4
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Ehyaee V, Reddy V, Ahmed A. Neoplastic or inflammatory? A case report of Sweet syndrome with CD30+ cells in a patient with B-lymphoblastic leukemia. J Cutan Pathol 2023; 50:1036-1041. [PMID: 37770419 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
CD30+ cells are typically part of lymphoproliferative disorders but can also be seen in inflammatory dermatoses. We present a case of 47-year-old man with a history of B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) who presented with fever, leukocytosis, and papulonodular skin lesions, involving the extremities and trunk. A punch biopsy specimen demonstrated papillary dermal edema with a neutrophilic and histiocytic infiltrate extending into the subcutis. The infiltrate also harbored scattered large cells that were positive for CD30 and demonstrated the immunohistochemical profile of monocytes. A diagnosis of histiocytoid Sweet syndrome with CD30+ cells was made. The case is unique, demonstrating a combination of Sweet syndrome variants with subcutis involvement, histiocytoid morphology, and large CD30+ cells. A prior history of B-ALL and immunohistochemical profile of monocytes with immature morphology broadened the differential diagnosis and added to the diagnostic challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Ehyaee
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Vijaya Reddy
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Aadil Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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5
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Sonego B, Ibatici A, Rivoli G, Angelucci E, Sola S, Massone C. Histopathological Markers for Target Therapies in Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas. Cells 2023; 12:2656. [PMID: 37998391 PMCID: PMC10670482 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, targeted (biological) therapies have become available also for primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (PCTCLs) including anti-CD30 (brentuximab vedotin) in mycosis fungoides, primary cutaneous anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma, lymphomatoid papulosis; anti-CCR4 (mogamulizumab) in Sezary syndrome; anti-CD123 (tagraxofusp) in blastic plasmocytoid cell neoplasm. Moreover, anti-PD1 (nivolumab), anti-PDL1 (pembrolizumab, atezolizumab), anti-CD52 (alemtuzumab), anti-KIR3DL2-CD158k (lacutamab), and anti-CD70 (cusatuzumab) have been tested or are under investigations in phase II trials. The expression of these epitopes on neoplastic cells in skin biopsies or blood samples plays a central role in the management of PCTCL patients. This narrative review aims to provide readers with an update on the latest advances in the newest therapeutic options for PCTCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Sonego
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Trieste, 35125 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Adalberto Ibatici
- UO Ematologia e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.I.); (G.R.); (E.A.)
| | - Giulia Rivoli
- UO Ematologia e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.I.); (G.R.); (E.A.)
| | - Emanuele Angelucci
- UO Ematologia e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.I.); (G.R.); (E.A.)
| | - Simona Sola
- Surgical Pathology, Galliera Hospital, 16128 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Cesare Massone
- Dermatology Unit & Scientific Directorate, Galliera Hospital, 16128 Genoa, Italy
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6
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AbdullGaffar B, Abdulrhaman S. Molluscum Contagiosum-Associated Atypical CD30-Positive Lymphomatoid Papulosis-like Infiltrate: Report of Three Cases. Am J Dermatopathol 2023; 45:779-783. [PMID: 37732643 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
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7
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Fernandez-Flores A, Cassarino D. CD30 in Cutaneous Pathology. Am J Dermatopathol 2023; 45:593-607. [PMID: 37625801 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The discovery of CD30 as a diagnostic marker was essential in the identification of not only some lymphomas but also many other solid tumors and benign reactive conditions. Many CD30+ cutaneous disorders and tumors have been categorized since the identification of the marker. With the design of targeted therapies against CD30+ tumoral cells, the interest in CD30 determination was not only diagnostic but also mainly therapeutic. In this article, we explore the historical aspects of the discovery of CD30 and examine the main CD30-related cutaneous pathology, susceptible of anti-CD30 modern treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Fernandez-Flores
- Dermatopathologist, Department of Histopathology, University Hospital El Bierzo, Ponferrada, Spain
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Hospital de la Reina, Ponferrada, Spain
- Research Department, Institute for Biomedical Research of a Coruña (INIBIC), University of a Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain; and
| | - David Cassarino
- Pathologist, Los Angeles Medical Center (LAMC), Southern California Kaiser Permanente, Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Los Angeles, CA
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8
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Nowicka D, Mertowska P, Mertowski S, Hymos A, Forma A, Michalski A, Morawska I, Hrynkiewicz R, Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej P, Grywalska E. Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment Strategies for Lymphomatoid Papulosis with Particular Emphasis on the Role of the Immune System. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223697. [PMID: 36429125 PMCID: PMC9688547 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is a very rare disease that belongs to the group of CD30+ lymphoproliferative skin diseases. LyP is localized or generalized and usually presents as isolated or clustered red/brown-red lesions in the form of nodules and/or papules. The course of the disease is in most cases mild; however, depending on concomitant risk factors and history, it may progress to lymphoma, significantly reducing the survival rate and prognosis. Importantly, the clinical picture of the disease remains somewhat ambiguous, leading to a large number of misdiagnoses that result in inappropriate treatment, which is usually insufficient to alleviate symptoms. In addition to clinical manifestations, the histological characteristics vary widely and usually overlap with other conditions, especially those belonging to the group of lymphoproliferative disorders. Although diagnosis remains a challenge, several recommendations and guidelines have been introduced to standardize and facilitate the diagnostic process. This article reviews the available literature on the most important aspects of etiopathogenesis, clinical and histopathological features, diagnostic criteria, and possible treatment strategies for LyP, with particular emphasis on the role of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Nowicka
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paulina Mertowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Mertowski
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Hymos
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Alicja Forma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Adam Michalski
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Izabela Morawska
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Rafał Hrynkiewicz
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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9
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Syphilis Should Be Included in the Differential of Cutaneous Lesions that Have Many CD30 Positive Cells. Am J Dermatopathol 2022; 44:787-788. [PMID: 35925550 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Perrin C, Giorgio T, Coutts M, Ambrosetti D. Tinea corporis with misleading clinical and histologic features of lymphomatoid papulosis. Histopathology 2022; 81:680-682. [PMID: 35808850 DOI: 10.1111/his.14723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Perrin
- Laboratoire Central d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Pasteur, University of Nice, France.,Nail's Dermatology Consultations, Cannes, France
| | - Toni Giorgio
- Laboratoire Central d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Pasteur, University of Nice, France
| | - Michael Coutts
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Maidstone Hospital, Kent, UK
| | - Damien Ambrosetti
- Laboratoire Central d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Pasteur, University of Nice, France
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11
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Al-Khreisat MJ, Hussain FA, Abdelfattah AM, Almotiri A, Al-Sanabra OM, Johan MF. The Role of NOTCH1, GATA3, and c-MYC in T Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112799. [PMID: 35681778 PMCID: PMC9179380 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphomas are heterogeneous malignant tumours of white blood cells characterised by the aberrant proliferation of mature lymphoid cells or their precursors. Lymphomas are classified into main types depending on the histopathologic evidence of biopsy taken from an enlarged lymph node, progress stages, treatment strategies, and outcomes: Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Moreover, lymphomas can be further divided into subtypes depending on the cell origin, and immunophenotypic and genetic aberrations. Many factors play vital roles in the progression, pathogenicity, incidence, and mortality rate of lymphomas. Among NHLs, peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are rare lymphoid malignancies, that have various cellular morphology and genetic mutations. The clinical presentations are usually observed at the advanced stage of the disease. Many recent studies have reported that the expressions of NOTCH1, GATA3, and c-MYC are associated with poorer prognosis in PTCL and are involved in downstream activities. However, questions have been raised about the pathological relationship between these factors in PTCLs. Therefore, in this review, we investigate the role and relationship of the NOTCH1 pathway, transcriptional factor GATA3 and proto-oncogene c-MYC in normal T cell development and malignant PTCL subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutaz Jamal Al-Khreisat
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Faezahtul Arbaeyah Hussain
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Ali Mahmoud Abdelfattah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
| | - Alhomidi Almotiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences—Dawadmi, Shaqra University, Dawadmi 17464, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ola Mohammed Al-Sanabra
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan;
| | - Muhammad Farid Johan
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-97-67-62-00
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12
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Dany M, Fischer AS, Mollanazar NK, Rubin AI, Elenitsas R. CD30-positive atypical lymphocytes in perniosis: a potential diagnostic pitfall in a benign inflammatory dermatosis. J Cutan Pathol 2021; 47:781-784. [PMID: 32815227 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Dany
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Andrew S Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Adam I Rubin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Rosalie Elenitsas
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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13
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Machan S, Juárez Martín Á, Cullen Aravena D, Haro R, Pielasinski Ú, Fuertes L, Córdoba R, Santonja C, Rodríguez-Pinilla SM, Requena L. Acral lymphomatoid papulosis: Report of five cases, differential diagnosis, and review. J Cutan Pathol 2021; 48:650-658. [PMID: 33269496 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acral lymphomatoid papulosis (a-LyP) is a rare clinical variant of LyP whose diagnosis may be challenging. A case series of a-LyP was studied clinically, histopathologically, immunohistochemically, and from molecular point of view. Including ours, 25 cases of a-LyP have so far been reported. Clinically, a-LyP may present as acral involvement exclusively, in combination with mucosal lesions, (in itself a rare presentation), or in association with conventional LyP. The age of presentation was slightly higher than that of conventional LyP (55 vs 45 years) and a male predominance has been observed, as usually reported. Histopathologically, no morphological differences exclusively from conventional LyP were observed. LyP types A and E were the main variants. We describe for the first time one case of type D a-LyP. Acral LyP is a rare entity and correct diagnosis can only be reached with clinical and histopathological correlation, to avoid aggressive treatment of this indolent lymphoproliferative disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Machan
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - África Juárez Martín
- Department of Dermatology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Palencia, Palencia, Spain
| | | | - Rosario Haro
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Úrsula Pielasinski
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Fuertes
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Córdoba
- Department of Hematology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Santonja
- Department of Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Luis Requena
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Two cases of human orf resembling intravascular lymphoma, angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, and lymphomatoid papulosis. JAAD Case Rep 2020; 6:1224-1227. [PMID: 33294548 PMCID: PMC7701032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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15
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Di Raimondo C, Parekh V, Song JY, Rosen ST, Querfeld C, Zain J, Martinez XU, Abdulla FR. Primary Cutaneous CD30+ Lymphoproliferative Disorders: a Comprehensive Review. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2020; 15:333-342. [DOI: 10.1007/s11899-020-00583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Abstract
While our understanding of the biology of CD30 in lymphoma continues to evolve, our need to detect and measure its expression at the protein level remains critically important for diagnosis and patient care. In addition to its diagnostic and prognostic utility, CD30 has emerged as a vehicle for drug targeting through the antibody-drug conjugate brentuximab-vedotin (BV). Given the numerous ways that CD30 is utilized and its emergence as a predictive/prognostic biomarker, pathologists must come to a general consensus on the best reporting structure and methodology to ensure appropriate patient care. In this manuscript, we review the indications for testing, various modalities for testing, technical challenges, pitfalls, and potential standards of reporting. The following questions will try to be addressed in the current review article: What defines a "POSITIVE" level of CD30 expression?; How do we evaluate and report CD30 expression?; What are the caveats in the evaluation of CD30 expression?
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17
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Bush AE, Garcia A, Li J, Curry J, Chon SY. CD30 + lymphomatoid skin toxicity secondary to ipilimumab. JAAD Case Rep 2020; 6:251-253. [PMID: 32211493 PMCID: PMC7082605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia E Bush
- University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Andres Garcia
- University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Janet Li
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Jonathan Curry
- Department of Pathology and Dermatology, MD Anderson of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Susan Y Chon
- Department of Pathology and Dermatology, MD Anderson of Houston, Houston, Texas.,Department of Dermatology, Houston, Texas
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18
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Martinez-Cabriales SA, Walsh S, Sade S, Shear NH. Lymphomatoid papulosis: an update and review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 34:59-73. [PMID: 31494989 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is a benign chronic often relapsing skin condition that belongs to the CD30-positive cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders. LyP typically presents as crops of lesions with a tendency to self-resolve, and morphology can range from solitary to agminated or diffuse papules and plaques to nodules or tumours. The clinical-histological spectrum can range from borderline cases to overlap with primary cutaneous anaplastic cell lymphoma (pcALCL). Histology and immunophenotype commonly show overlap with other CD30-positive disorders and sometimes may be identical to pcALCL, making its diagnosis more difficult. Patients with LyP have an increased risk of developing a second neoplasm such as mycosis fungoides, pcALCL and/or Hodgkin lymphoma. Clinical correlation allows its proper classification and diagnosis, which is fundamental for treatment and prognosis. This review focuses on the clinical appearance, histopathological features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and management of LyP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Martinez-Cabriales
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dermatology, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas de los Garza, Mexico
| | - S Walsh
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Sade
- Department of Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - N H Shear
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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19
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Mitteldorf C, Kempf W. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma—A review on the spectrum and a proposal for a new classification. J Cutan Pathol 2019; 47:76-97. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.13532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Mitteldorf
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and AllergologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen Germany
| | - Werner Kempf
- Kempf und Pfaltz, Histologische Diagnostik Zürich Switzerland
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
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20
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Darjani A, Zeinab Azimi S, Alireza Mesbah S, Rafiei R, Gharaei Nejad K, Rafiee B. Lymphomatoid papulosis mimicking cutaneous histiocytosis. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2019. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.18.03760-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Chen C, Gu YD, Geskin LJ. A Review of Primary Cutaneous CD30+ Lymphoproliferative Disorders. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2019; 33:121-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Wang ML, Chan MP. Comparative Analysis of Chilblain Lupus Erythematosus and Idiopathic Perniosis: Histopathologic Features and Immunohistochemistry for CD123 and CD30. Am J Dermatopathol 2018; 40:265-271. [DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000000945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Inflammatory dermatoses encompass a variety of histologic patterns that affect different portions of the skin. In spongiotic, psoriasiform, lichenoid, pityriasiform, and blistering disorders, there are predominately epidermal and junctional activities with variable superficial dermal inflammation. Hypersensitivity reactions can show either epidermal or mostly dermal changes depending on whether the exposure of the exogenous allergen occurs through an external or internal route, respectively. Exceptions include erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis, where the etiology is often due to infection or ingested medications, but the histologic features are almost exclusively confined to the epidermis and dermoepidermal junction. Autoimmune disorders are unique in that lesions typically incorporate a mixture of epidermal and dermal inflammatory patterns with periadnexal inflammation, while the vast majority of vasculitis/vasculopathy and alopecia have changes limited to only the vessels and hair follicles, respectively. It is critical to recognize that a relatively limited number of histologic patterns are seen in a large array of clinical entities. Therefore, clinicopathologic correlation and careful examination of histologic details are of the utmost importance when evaluating skin biopsies for inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy C Hsi
- 1 Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ilana S Rosman
- 1 Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,2 Division of Dermatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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24
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Lewis DJ, Miranda RN, Oh CW, Hinojosa T, Medeiros LJ, Curry JL, Tetzlaff MT, Torres-Cabala CA, Nagarajan P, Ravandi-Kashani F, Duvic M. Pruritic arthropod bite-like papules in T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukaemia and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia. Clin Exp Dermatol 2018; 43:449-453. [PMID: 29423961 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukaemia (T-LGLL) is a clinically indolent mature T-cell neoplasm characterized by a monoclonal population of CD3+ CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, which usually presents as neutropenia, anaemia and thrombocytopenia. Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) is a clonal haematopoietic disorder with features of both a myeloproliferative neoplasm and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Patients with CMML exhibit a persistent peripheral blood monocytosis in addition to myelodysplastic features. Because of the rarity of T-LGLL, its cutaneous manifestations are poorly documented, but include vasculitis, vasculopathy, persistent ulcerations, generalized pruritus and disseminated granuloma annulare. Various types of skin lesions have been observed in patients with CMML and reportedly occur in approximately 10% of cases. We report the extraordinary case of a patient with MDS who developed T-LGLL, and subsequently the MDS progressed to CMML. The patient then developed diffuse arthropod bite-like papules and intractable pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Lewis
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R N Miranda
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C W Oh
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - T Hinojosa
- Center for Clinical Studies, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L J Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J L Curry
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M T Tetzlaff
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C A Torres-Cabala
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P Nagarajan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - F Ravandi-Kashani
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Duvic
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Huang S, Kim EJ, Lewis DJ, Chan WH, Miranda RN, Duvic M. Mycosis fungoides occurring at the site of previous herpes zoster eruption. Australas J Dermatol 2017; 59:217-219. [PMID: 29280139 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Numerous clinicopathological variants of mycosis fungoides have been described in the literature. Dermatomal or zosteriform mycosis fungoides is one reported variant but a clear aetiology has never been documented. We report a case of mycosis fungoides proved by biopsy and immunohistochemistry that developed in a 55-year-old man at the site of previous herpes zoster eruption. We also present a review of the relevant literature to add to the understanding of rare variants of mycosis fungoides and aid in the clinical recognition of zosteriform mycosis fungoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simo Huang
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Esther J Kim
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel J Lewis
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Warren H Chan
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Roberto N Miranda
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Madeleine Duvic
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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26
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Marciano-Fellous L. [Cutaneous infections: Pathologist's role in unusual or atypical situations]. Ann Pathol 2017; 38:20-30. [PMID: 29287934 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In infectious pathology, the gold standard consists of the detection of the pathogen within the sample. Identification of the pathogen is often difficult despite the presence of few and inexpensive tools, such, as special stain, immunohistochemistry, or in situ hybridization specific of the pathogen. In infectious pathology, there are morphological signs, which can guide us towards an etiology. We present some clinicopathological examples illustrating rare or unusual situations in cutaneous infectious pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Marciano-Fellous
- Département de pathologie, groupe hospitalier Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, 51, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France.
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Abstract
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) is a clinical and biological heterogeneous disease including systemic ALK positive and ALK negative entities. Whereas ALK positive ALCLs are molecularly characterized and readily diagnosed, specific immunophenotypic or genetic features to define ALK negative ALCL are missing, and their distinction from other T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (T-NHLs) can be controversial. In recent years, great advances have been made in dissecting the heterogeneity of ALK negative ALCLs and in providing new diagnostic and treatment options for these patients. A new revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification promoted ALK negative ALCL to a definite entity that includes cytogenetic subsets with prognostic implications. However, a further understanding of the genetic landscape of ALK negative ALCL is required to dictate more effective therapeutic strategies specifically tailored for each subgroup of patients.
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CD30 Positive Lymphomatoid Angiocentric Drug Reactions: Characterization of a Series of 20 Cases. Am J Dermatopathol 2017; 39:508-517. [DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000000692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
The term, cutaneous pseudolymphoma (PSL), refers to a group of lymphocyte-rich infiltrates, which either clinically and/or histologically simulate cutaneous lymphomas. Clinicopathologic correlation is essential to achieve the final diagnosis in cutaneous PSL and to differentiate it from cutaneous lymphomas. A wide range of causative agents (eg, Borrelia, injections, tattoo, and arthropod bite) has been described. Based on clinical and/or histologic presentation, 4 main groups of cutaneous PSL can be distinguished: (1) nodular PSL, (2) pseudo-mycosis fungoides, (3) other PSLs (representing distinct clinical entities), and (4) intravascular PSL. The article gives an overview of the clinical and histologic characteristics of cutaneous PSLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Mitteldorf
- Department of Dermatology, HELIOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Senator-Braun-Allee 33, Hildesheim 31134, Germany.
| | - Werner Kempf
- Kempf & Pfaltz, Histologische Diagnostik, Seminarstrasse 1, 8057 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrassse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
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30
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Brault F, Antunes L, Valois A, Brouillard C, Assie C, Waton J, Cuny JF. [CD30 lymphocytic infiltrate and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2017; 144:634-636. [PMID: 28454728 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Brault
- Service de dermatologie, HIA Legouest, 27, avenue de Plantières, 57000 Metz, France; Département de dermatologie et allergologie, CHRU de Nancy, rue du Morvan, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - L Antunes
- Cabinet de pathologie, 8, place Turenne, 57100 Thionville, France
| | - A Valois
- Service de dermatologie, HIA Legouest, 27, avenue de Plantières, 57000 Metz, France
| | - C Brouillard
- Service de dermatologie, HIA Legouest, 27, avenue de Plantières, 57000 Metz, France
| | - C Assie
- Service de dermatologie, HIA Legouest, 27, avenue de Plantières, 57000 Metz, France
| | - J Waton
- Département de dermatologie et allergologie, CHRU de Nancy, rue du Morvan, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - J-F Cuny
- Service de dermatologie, HIA Legouest, 27, avenue de Plantières, 57000 Metz, France
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31
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Wick MR, Santa Cruz DJ, Gru AA. Non-lymphoid lesions that may mimic cutaneous hematopoietic neoplasms histologically. Semin Diagn Pathol 2017; 34:99-107. [DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
Cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (CD30+ T-LPD) represent a spectrum encompassing lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (pcALCL) and borderline lesions. They share the expression of CD30 as a common phenotypic marker. They differ however in their clinical presentation, the histological features and clinical course. Moreover, LyP and PcALCL show numerous clinical, histological and phenotypic variants. Overlapping features of LyP and pcALCL with themselves and with other cutaneous and systemic lymphomas emphasize the importance of careful clinicopathologic correlation and staging in the diagnosis of CD30+ T-LPD. Furthermore, an increasing number of inflammatory and infectious skin disorders harboring medium-sized to large CD30+ cells have to be considered in the differential diagnosis. Whereas the expression of CD30 in cutaneous CD30+ T-LPD stands for a favourable prognosis, its expression in other cutaneous and systemic lymphomas has a divergent impact. The assessment of CD30 expression does not only provide prognostic information, but is of potential therapeutic relevance as CD30 can serve as a therapeutic target. This review focuses on the clinicopathological and phenotypic spectrum of CD30+ T-LPD, its differential diagnoses and the role of CD30 as a diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Kempf
- Kempf und Pfaltz, Histologische Diagnostik, Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Abstract
We report a unique case of probable drug-induced CD30-positive lymphomatoid reaction. A 58-year-old woman presented with bilateral facial eruptions of 3 weeks duration composed of erythematosus papules in a linear distribution. The pathological features demonstrated a dense dermal and follicular infiltrate of many medium- to large-sized atypical CD30-positive lymphoid cells. The rash resolved rapidly after discontinuation of her medication 1 week later and did not recur. This case highlights the importance of clinicopathological correlation.
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Weingertner N, Mitcov M, Chenard MP, Cribier B. Intralymphatic CD30+ T-cell proliferation during DRESS: a mimic of intravascular lymphoma. J Cutan Pathol 2016; 43:1036-1040. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noëlle Weingertner
- Department of Pathology; Strasbourg University Hospital; Strasbourg France
| | - Mona Mitcov
- Department of Dermatology; Strasbourg University Hospital; Strasbourg France
| | | | - Bernard Cribier
- Department of Dermatology; Strasbourg University Hospital; Strasbourg France
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35
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De Souza A, Tinguely M, Burghart DR, Berisha A, Mertz KD, Kempf W. Characterization of the tumor microenvironment in primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders: a predominance of CD163-positive M2 macrophages. J Cutan Pathol 2016; 43:579-88. [PMID: 27080437 DOI: 10.1111/cup.12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor microenvironment is essential for tumor survival, growth and progression. There are only a few studies on the tumor microenvironment in cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders. METHODS We assessed the composition of the tumor microenvironment using immunohistochemistry studies in skin biopsies from cases diagnosed with lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP: 18 specimens), primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (PC-ALCL: 8 specimens), and reactive diseases harboring CD30-positive cells (18 specimens). RESULTS The predominant cells present in LyP and PC-ALCL were CD163+ M2 macrophages (44.7%, 35%), followed by CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (11%, 15%), FOXP3+ T-regulatory cells (9%, 4.5%) and programmed cell death 1(PD-1) + lymphocytes (2.2%, 6.8%). In contrast, CD30-positive reactive inflammatory and infectious disorders were characterized by higher numbers of CD123+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells (6.3%) when compared to LyP (1%), and PC-ALCL (1.1%). CONCLUSIONS Key differences exist between the microenvironment of CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders and reactive conditions harboring CD30-positive lymphocytes. The high number of tumor associated macrophages, and the close vicinity of these immune cells to the CD30-positive tumor cells might suggest that tumor associated macrophages have direct influence on tumorigenesis in LyP and ALCL. Therefore, modulation of M2 macrophages may represent a new therapeutic strategy in cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aieska De Souza
- Kempf and Pfaltz Histologische Diagnostik, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Daniel R Burghart
- Kempf and Pfaltz Histologische Diagnostik, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Economics, California State University Sacramento, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - Kirsten D Mertz
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Werner Kempf
- Kempf and Pfaltz Histologische Diagnostik, Zürich, Switzerland
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36
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BK Virus Load Associated with Serum Levels of sCD30 in Renal Transplant Recipients. Int J Microbiol 2016; 2016:9752097. [PMID: 27051424 PMCID: PMC4804059 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9752097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Rejection is the main drawback facing the renal transplant operations. Complicated and overlapping factors, mainly related to the immune system, are responsible for this rejection. Elevated serum levels of sCD30 were frequently recorded as an indicator for renal allograft rejection, while BV virus is considered as one of the most serious consequences for immunosuppressive treatment of renal transplant recipients (RTRs). Aims. This study aimed to determine the association of BK virus load with serum levels of sCD30 in RTRs suffering from nephropathy. Patients and Methods. A total of 50 RTRs with nephropathy and 30 age-matched apparently healthy individuals were recruited for this study. Serum samples were obtained from each participant. Real-time PCR was used to quantify BK virus load in RTRs serum, while ELISA technique was employed to estimate serum levels of sCD30. Results. Twenty-two percent of RTRs had detectable BKV with mean viral load of 1.094E + 06 ± 2.291E + 06. RTRs showed higher mean serum level of sCD30 (20.669 ± 18.713 U/mL) than that of controls (5.517 ± 5.304 U/mL) with significant difference. BK virus load had significant positive correlation with the serum levels of sCD30 in RTRs group. Conclusion. These results suggest that serum levels of sCD30 could be used as an indicator of BK viremia, and accordingly the immunosuppressive regime should be adjusted.
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39
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Inghirami G, Chan WC, Pileri S. Peripheral T-cell and NK cell lymphoproliferative disorders: cell of origin, clinical and pathological implications. Immunol Rev 2015; 263:124-59. [PMID: 25510275 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with distinct clinical-biological properties. The normal cellular counterpart of these processes has been postulated based on functional and immunophenotypic analyses. However, T lymphocytes have been proven to be remarkably capable of modulating their properties, adapting their function in relationship with multiple stimuli and to the microenvironment. This impressive plasticity is determined by the equilibrium among a pool of transcription factors and by DNA chromatin regulators. It is now proven that the acquisition of specific genomic defects leads to the enforcement/activation of distinct pathways, which ultimately alter the preferential activation of defined regulators, forcing the neoplastic cells to acquire features and phenotypes distant from their original fate. Thus, dissecting the landscape of the genetic defects and their functional consequences in T-cell neoplasms is critical not only to pinpoint the origin of these tumors but also to define innovative mechanisms to re-adjust an unbalanced state to which the tumor cells have become addicted and make them vulnerable to therapies and targetable by the immune system. In our review, we briefly describe the pathological and clinical aspects of the T-cell lymphoma subtypes as well as NK-cell lymphomas and then focus on the current understanding of their pathogenesis and the implications on diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Department of Pathology, and NYU Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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40
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Kempf W, Kazakov DV, Szep Z, Vanecek T. CD30+ clonal T-cell lymphoid proliferation of the skin in a patient with hypereosinophilic syndrome. J Cutan Pathol 2014; 42:130-5. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Werner Kempf
- Kempf und Pfaltz Histologische Diagnostik; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Dmitry V. Kazakov
- Department of Pathology; Charles University, Medical Faculty Hospital; Pilsen Czech Republic
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41
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De Souza A, Tinguely M, Pfaltz M, Burghart DR, Kempf W. Loss of expression of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in CD30-positive cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders. J Cutan Pathol 2014; 41:901-6. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aieska De Souza
- Department of Dermatology; Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | | | | | | | - Werner Kempf
- Kempf and Pfaltz; Histologische Diagnostik; Zürich Switzerland
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Kempf W, Keller K, John H, Dommann-Scherrer C. Benign atypical intravascular CD30+ T-cell proliferation: a recently described reactive lymphoproliferative process and simulator of intravascular lymphoma: report of a case associated with lichen sclerosus and review of the literature. Am J Clin Pathol 2014; 142:694-9. [PMID: 25319987 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpxoe61cjdoaji] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intravascular accumulations of atypical large lymphoid cells are a rare finding in skin biopsy specimens and raise the suspicion for intravascular lymphoma. The intravascular accumulation of atypical large CD30+ T cells, however, as a reactive process is very uncommon in the skin, with only four cases documented so far in the literature. This condition, referred to as benign intravascular atypical CD30+ T-cell proliferation, has been associated with chronic inflammation after trauma. METHODS We report on a case of atypical intravascular CD30+ T-cell proliferation in a patient with ulcerated lichen sclerosus on the foreskin, discuss the differential diagnoses, propose diagnostic criteria, and review the literature on this uncommon reactive intralymphatic CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferation. RESULTS The atypical intravascular CD30+ T-cell proliferation is characterized by the accumulation of large CD30+ polyclonal T cells within lymphatics in close vicinity to ulceration or an inflammatory skin disease. There is no association with Epstein-Barr virus infection. CONCLUSIONS This benign cutaneous lymphoproliferation needs to be distinguished from intravascular T-cell lymphoma, particularly from the intravascular variant of anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Obstruction of lymphatics due to lichen sclerosus with disrupted immune cell trafficking may result in the accumulation of activated CD30+ lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Kempf
- Kempf und Pfaltz, Histologische Diagnostik, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Katarzyna Keller
- Department of Urology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Hubert John
- Department of Urology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
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45
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Haus G, Utikal J, Geraud C, Goerdt S, Leverkus M. CD30‐positive lymphoproliferative disorder in a red tattoo: regional lymphomatoid papulosis typeCor pseudolymphoma? Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:668-70. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Haus
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Medical Center Mannheim Ruprecht‐Karl‐University of Heidelberg Theodor‐Kutzer‐Ufer 1–3 Mannheim 68135 Germany
| | - J. Utikal
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Medical Center Mannheim Ruprecht‐Karl‐University of Heidelberg Theodor‐Kutzer‐Ufer 1–3 Mannheim 68135 Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - C. Geraud
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Medical Center Mannheim Ruprecht‐Karl‐University of Heidelberg Theodor‐Kutzer‐Ufer 1–3 Mannheim 68135 Germany
| | - S. Goerdt
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Medical Center Mannheim Ruprecht‐Karl‐University of Heidelberg Theodor‐Kutzer‐Ufer 1–3 Mannheim 68135 Germany
| | - M. Leverkus
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Medical Center Mannheim Ruprecht‐Karl‐University of Heidelberg Theodor‐Kutzer‐Ufer 1–3 Mannheim 68135 Germany
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Roufosse F. Peripheral T-cell lymphoma developing after diagnosis of lymphocytic variant hypereosinophilic syndrome: misdiagnosed lymphoma or natural disease progression? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014; 118:506-10. [PMID: 25240999 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Roufosse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium; Institute for Medical Immunology, Gosselies, Belgium; Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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Abstract
Cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders are the second most common types of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. They represent a well-defined spectrum encompassing lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (pcALCL), and borderline lesions. They share the expression of CD30 as a common phenotypic hallmark, but they differ in their clinical presentation, course, and histologic features. New variants have been recently identified, including CD8+ epidermotropic LyP type D, angioinvasive LyP type E, and ALK-positive pcALCL. This review describes clinical, histopathologic, and phenotypic variants; their differential diagnoses (benign and malignant); and the role of CD30 as a diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Kempf
- Kempf und Pfaltz, Histologische Diagnostik, Seminarstrasse 1, Zürich CH-8042, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich CH-8091, Switzerland.
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Gill K, Ariyan C, Wang X, Brady MS, Pulitzer M. CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders arising after regional therapy for recurrent melanoma: A report of two cases and analysis of CD30 expression. J Surg Oncol 2014; 110:258-64. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.23636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamraan Gill
- Department of Pathology; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York New York
| | - Charlotte Ariyan
- Department of Surgery; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York New York
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Surgery; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York New York
| | - Mary Sue Brady
- Department of Surgery; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York New York
| | - Melissa Pulitzer
- Department of Pathology; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York New York
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