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Chen DJ, Li XS, Zhao H, Fu Y, Kang HR, Yao FF, Hu J, Qi N, Zhang HH, Du N, Chen WR. Dinitrophenyl hapten with laser immunotherapy for advanced malignant melanoma: A clinical study. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:1425-1431. [PMID: 28454272 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of in situ immunotherapy with dinitrophenyl (DNP) hapten in combination with laser therapy for patients with malignant melanoma (MM). Between February 2008 and March 2012, 72 patients with stage III or IV MM were enrolled. Patients received in situ DNP alone (n=32) or in combination with laser therapy (n=32), and each group received dacarbazine chemotherapy. The levels of peripheral cluster of differentiation (CD)4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), interleukin (IL)-10 and tumor growth factor (TGF)-β were detected by ELISA. The association between delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and survival time was evaluated. Although peripheral Treg levels significantly decreased over time in the two groups (P<0.001), there was no significant difference between the treatment groups (P=0.098). Patients receiving the combination treatment exhibited significantly higher interferon-γ production by CD8+ and CD4+ T cells (both P<0.001), as well as significantly reduced levels of IL-10, TGF-β1 and TGF-β2. In addition, patients in the combination treatment group experienced significantly longer overall survival (OS; P=0.024) and disease-free survival (DFS; P=0.007) times; a DTH response of ≥15 mm was also associated with increased OS time and DFS time (P≤0.001). Finally, no severe adverse events were observed in either treatment group. Overall, in situ immunization with DNP in combination with laser immunotherapy may activate focal T cells, producing a regional antitumor immune response that increases cell-mediated immunity and improves survival in MM patients. Thus, this may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with unresectable, advanced MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Jun Chen
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Song Li
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Yan Fu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Huan-Rong Kang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Yao
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Nan Qi
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Nan Du
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Wei-R Chen
- Department of Engineering and Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
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Ishitsuka Y, Kawachi Y, Maruyama H, Taguchi S, Fujisawa Y, Furuta J, Nakamura Y, Ishii Y, Otsuka F. Pituitary Tumor Transforming Gene 1 Induces Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Production from Keratinocytes: Implication for Involvement in the Pathophysiology of Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133:2566-2575. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Mello LA, Figueiredo AL, Ramos EAG, Gurgel CAS, Martins MD, de Figueiredo CRLV, Cury PR, de Albuquerque Júnior RLC, Ramalho LMP, Santos JND. CD1a-positive Langerhans cells and their relationship with E-cadherin in ameloblastomas and keratocystic odontogenic tumors. J Oral Pathol Med 2012; 42:454-61. [PMID: 23278770 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ameloblastomas and keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KOTs) are lesions that are characterized by locally invasive growth and cause extensive bone destruction. In addition, it is known that E-cadherin influences the adhesion of Langerhans cells (LCs) to keratinocytes. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS The aim of this study was to investigate, using immunohistochemistry, the distribution of CD1a-positive cells in ameloblastomas and KOTs and their relationship with E-cadherin, in comparison to calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (CCOT). RESULTS The CD1a-positive LCs were observed in 11 ameloblastomas and KOTs. All of the cases of CCOT showed CD1a-positive LCs and a significant difference was found when this tumor was compared with ameloblastomas (P < 0.05, Mann-Whitney test). A statistically significant difference was also noted when comparing CD1a-positive LCs between CCOTs and KOTs (P < 0.05, Mann-Whitney test). Lower expression of E-cadherin in ameloblastomas (AMs) in relation to KOTs and CCOTs (P < 0.05, Fisher test) was observed. There was no correlation between E-cadherin and CD1a-positive LCs between all odontogenic tumors that were studied (P > 0.05, Spearman test). CONCLUSION A quantitative difference of CD1a-positive cells between AMs and KOTs in comparison to CCOTs was observed. This permits to speculate that a depletion of CD1a-positive LCs might influence the local invasiveness of ameloblastomas and KOTs. Furthermore, it is suggested that E-cadherin mediates cell adhesion in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Araújo Mello
- Laboratory of Oral Surgical Pathology, Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 enhances proliferation and suppresses early differentiation of keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2012; 132:1775-84. [PMID: 22475756 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue, the homeostasis of which is dependent upon the tight balance between proliferation and differentiation based on appropriate regulation of the cell cycle. The cell cycle regulation is dependent on the interactions among a number of cell cycle regulatory molecules, including the pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 (PTTG1), also known as securin, a regulator of sister chromatid separation and transition from metaphase to anaphase. This study was conducted to clarify the less-known functions of PTTG1 in the epidermis by the use of keratinocytes cultured under two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) conditions. Forced overexpression of PTTG1 caused upregulation of cyclin B1, cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), and c-Myc, resulting in enhanced proliferation and suppression of early differentiation without apparent alterations in terminal differentiation, and the exogenous PTTG1 was downregulated in association with cell cycle exit. In contrast, depletion of PTTG1 caused their downregulation and constrained proliferation with retention of differentiation capacity. These findings suggested that PTTG1 could alter the proliferation status by modulating the expression levels of the other cell cycle regulatory proteins, and excess PTTG1 primarily affects early differentiation of keratinocytes under the stability regulation associated with cell cycle exit.
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Mou Y, Chen B, Zhang Y, Hou Y, Xie H, Xia G, Tang M, Huang X, Ni Y, Hu Q. Influence of synthetic superparamagnetic iron oxide on dendritic cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:1779-86. [PMID: 21980240 PMCID: PMC3184937 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s23240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study investigated the influence of synthetic superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) on dendritic cells and provides a possible method for labeling these cells. Methods: SPIO nanoparticles were prepared, and their morphology and magnetic properties were characterized. The particles were endocytosed by dendritic cells generated from mouse bone marrow. Labeling efficiency and cellular uptake were analyzed by Prussian blue staining and quantitative spectrophotometric assay. Meanwhile, the surface molecules, cellular apoptosis, and functional properties of the SPIO-labeled dendritic cells were explored by flow cytometry and the mixed lymphocyte reaction assay. Results: The synthetic nanoparticles possessed a spherical shape and good superparamagnetic behavior. The mean concentration of iron in immature and mature dendritic cells was 31.8 ± 0.7 μg and 35.6 ± 1.0 μg per 1 × 106 cells, respectively. After 12 hours of incubation with SPIO at a concentration of 25 μg/mL, nearly all cells were shown to contain iron. Interestingly, cellular apoptosis and surface expression of CD80, CD86, major histocompatibility II, and chemokine receptor 7 in mature dendritic cells were not affected to any significant extent by SPIO labeling. T cell activation was maintained at a low ratio of dendritic cells to T cells. Conclusion: SPIO nanoparticles have good superparamagnetic behavior, highly biocompatible characteristics, and are suitable for use in further study of the migratory behavior and biodistribution of dendritic cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Mou
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, People’s Republic of China
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Knol AC, Nguyen JM, Quéreux G, Brocard A, Khammari A, Dréno B. Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating Foxp3+ T-cell subpopulations in metastatic melanoma. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:430-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01260.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Cornforth AN, Fowler AW, Carbonell DJ, Dillman RO. Resistance to the proapoptotic effects of interferon-gamma on melanoma cells used in patient-specific dendritic cell immunotherapy is associated with improved overall survival. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 60:123-31. [PMID: 20960187 PMCID: PMC11029524 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-010-0925-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of whole cell tumor vaccines and various means of loading antigen onto dendritic cells have been under investigation for over a decade. Induction of apoptosis and the exposure of immune-stimulating proteins are thought to be beneficial for the use in immunotherapy protocols, but conclusive evidence in the clinical setting has been lacking. Incubation of melanoma cell lines with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) increased phosphatidylserine and calreticulin exposure, but not in the IFN-γ-resistant cell line Lu-1205. Short-term autologous melanoma cell lines used for loading dendritic cells for immunotherapy showed differential response to the pro-apoptotic effects of IFN-γ. These IFN-γ-treated tumor cells (TCs) were irradiated and used for loading antigen for dendritic cell therapy. A log-rank comparison of survival for patients whose TCs were found to be either sensitive (upregulated phosphatidylserine and calreticulin) or insensitive to IFN-γ revealed a strongly significant correlation to progression-free (p = 0.003) and overall survival (p = 0.002) favorably in those patients whose cell lines were resistant to the proapoptotic effect of IFN-γ. These results suggest that the use of IFN-γ in anti-melanoma dendritic cell-based immunotherapy may only be beneficial when the cells do not undergo apoptosis in response to IFN-γ and support the contention that the use of some apoptotic cells in vaccines may be detrimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Cornforth
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Hoag Cancer Center, 1 Hoag Drive Bldg 41, 92663, Newport Beach, CA, USA.
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Carnaud C, Bachy V. Cell-based immunotherapy of prion diseases by adoptive transfer of antigen-loaded dendritic cells or antigen-primed CD(4+) T lymphocytes. Prion 2010; 4:66-71. [PMID: 20622507 DOI: 10.4161/pri.4.2.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are neurodegenerative conditions caused by the transconformation of a normal host glycoprotein, the cellular prion protein (PrPc) into a neurotoxic, self-aggregating conformer (PrPSc). TSEs are ineluctably fatal and no treatment is yet available. In principle, prion diseases could be attacked from different angles including: blocking conversion of PrPc into PrPSc, accelerating the clearance of amyloid deposits in peripheral tissues and brain, stopping prion progression in secondary lymphoid organs, reducing brain inflammation and promoting neuronal healing. There are many indications that adaptive and innate immunity might mediate those effects but so far, the achievements of immunointervention have not matched all expectations. Difficulties arise from the impossibility to diagnose TSE before substantial brain damage, poor accessibility of the CNS to immunological agents, deep immune tolerance to self-PrP and short term effects of many immune interventions contrasting with the slow progression of TSEs. Here, we discuss two approaches, inspired from cancer immunotherapy, which might overcome some of those obstacles. One is vaccination with antigen-pulsed or antigen-transduced dendritic cells to bypass self-tolerance. The other one is the adoptive transfer of PrP-sensitized CD4(+) T cells which can promote humoral, cell-mediated or regulatory responses, coordinate adaptive and innate immunity and have long lasting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Carnaud
- INSERM UMR_S 938, UPMC University Paris 06, Hôpital St. Antoine, Paris, France.
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Knudsen S, Schardt A, Buhl T, Boeckmann L, Schön MP, Neumann C, Haenssle HA. Enhanced T-cell activation by immature dendritic cells loaded with HSP70-expressing heat-killed melanoma cells. Exp Dermatol 2010; 19:108-16. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhou F, Frazer IH, Leggatt GR. Keratinocytes efficiently process endogenous antigens for cytotoxic T-cell mediated lysis. Exp Dermatol 2009; 18:1053-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00907.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Haenssle HA, Riedl P, Buhl T, Schardt A, Rosenberger A, Schön MP, Schirmbeck R. Intracellular delivery of major histocompatibility complex class I-binding epitopes: dendritic cells loaded and matured with cationic peptide/poly(I:C) complexes efficiently activate T cells. Exp Dermatol 2009; 19:19-28. [PMID: 19758325 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00954.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Based on their role for the induction of T-cell responses, dendritic cells (DCs) are popular candidates in cancer vaccine development. We established a novel single-step intracellular delivery of peptide/poly(I:C) complexes for antigen loading and Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3)-mediated maturation of human DCs using a cell-penetrating peptide (tat(49-57): RKKRRQRRR) as delivery vector. Towards this end, a cationic tat-sequence was fused with an antigenic, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-binding melanoma epitope (Melan-A/Mart-1 sequence: ELAGIGILTV) and then mixed with negatively charged poly(I:C) dsRNA to form peptide/nucleic acid complexes. Flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed intracellular localization of TLR3 in monocyte-derived immature DCs (iDCs). Peptide/poly(I:C) complexes were readily internalized by iDCs without negatively affecting cell viability. They induced DC maturation and secretion of bioactive interleukin (IL)-12p70. When peptide/poly(I:C) complex-loaded DCs were used for autologous T cell stimulation, epitope-specific interferon-gamma secretion was quantitatively superior in comparison to peptide-loaded DCs matured by a cytokine cocktail, as detected by enzyme-linked immunospot assays. Thus, complexes of cationic antigenic peptides and poly(I:C) might be of great utility for a TLR3-mediated DC maturation and intracellular peptide targeting in a single step. Resulting DCs induce a strong expansion/activation of antigen-specific T cells in the context of an IL-12p70 secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger A Haenssle
- Department of Dermatology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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