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Ha EJ, Yun JH, Si C, Bae YS, Jeong YH, Park KH, Choi SE. Application of Ethanol Extracts From Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz in Hair Growth Promotion. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:673314. [PMID: 34169066 PMCID: PMC8217773 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.673314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alnus sibirica Fisch. ex Turcz (ASFT), belonging to the family of Betulaceae, grows naturally in Asia, Europe, and America. The aims of this study are determining the efficacy of various biomarkers related to hair loss, evaluated by extracting the branch with 60% alcohol, and purely separating diarylheptanoid oregonin, an indicator and active substance, from 60% alcohol extract of the tree. To determine the preventive effects on hair loss, we investigated the anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects on hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity on human hair dermal papilla cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and Western blotting analysis for proving of apoptosis-related marker alteration, respectively. Moreover, we examined the ameliorative effects of 60% alcohol extract of the tree and oregonin against changes of oxidative stress-induced cytokine and testosterone-induced dihydrotestosterone production as crucial pathways of the hair loss mechanism. These results suggest that 60% alcohol extract of the tree and oregonin were available as novel natural materials for maintaining hair health in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Ha
- Department of Cosmetology Science, Nambu University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jang-Hyuk Yun
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Chuanling Si
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Young Soo Bae
- Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Young-Hwan Jeong
- Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Park
- Department of Emergency Medical Rescue, Nambu University, Gwangju, South Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Graduate School of Chonnam National University Gwangju, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sun-Eun Choi
- Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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2
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Lee BW, Ha JH, Ji Y, Jeong SH, Kim JH, Lee J, Park JY, Kwon HJ, Jung K, Kim JC, Ryu YB, Lee IC. Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr. Attenuates Airway Inflammation and Mucus Overproduction in a Murine Model of Ovalbumin-Challenged Asthma. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:614442. [PMID: 33643046 PMCID: PMC7902870 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.614442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr. (AH), a member of the Betulaceae family, is widely used in Eastern Asia of as a source of medicinal compounds for the treatment of hemorrhage, diarrhea, and alcoholism. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of a methanolic extract of AH branches against airway inflammation and mucus production in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells and in an ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged allergic asthma mouse model. Female BALB/c mice were injected with OVA (40 μg) and aluminum hydroxide (2 mg) on days 0 and 14 to induce allergic airway inflammation. The mice were then challenged with 1% OVA from days 21–23. Mice were treated with AH (50 and 100 mg/kg/day; 2% DMSO) or dexamethasone (positive control; 3 mg/kg/day) from days 18–23. AH treatment effectively attenuated airway resistance/hyperresponsiveness and reduced levels of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines, eotaxins, and number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and immunoglobulin E in serums of OVA-challenged mice. In histological analysis, AH treatment significantly inhibited airway inflammation and mucus production in OVA-challenged mice. AH treatment downregulated the phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha, p65 nuclear factor-kappa B (p65NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinases with suppression of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) in lung tissue. Moreover, AH treatment decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Th2 cytokines, as well as MUC5AC expression, and inhibited the phosphorylation of p65NF-κB in TNF-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. These results indicate that AH might represent a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ba-Wool Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea.,Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Ha
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea.,Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yeongseon Ji
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Seong-Hun Jeong
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hong Kim
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Jihye Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Kwon
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Kyungsook Jung
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Young-Bae Ryu
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - In-Chul Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
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3
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Song BR, Lee SJ, Kim JE, Choi HJ, Bae SJ, Choi YJ, Gong JE, Noh JK, Kim HS, Kang HG, Hong JT, Hwang DY. Anti-inflammatory effects of Capparis ecuadorica extract in phthalic-anhydride-induced atopic dermatitis of IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 transgenic mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:1263-1276. [PMID: 33355498 PMCID: PMC7782699 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1856146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The natural products derived from Capparis ecuadorica H.H. Iltis (Capparaceae) could have great potential for anti-inflammation since they inhibited the inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. OBJECT This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects and related mechanism of methanol extract of C. ecuadorica leaves (MCE) during atopic dermatitis (AD) responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Alterations in the phenotypical markers for AD, luciferase signal, iNOS-mediated COX-2 induction pathway, and inflammasome activation were analysed in non-Tg (n = 5) and 15% phthalic anhydride (PA) treated IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 transgenic (Tg) HR1 mice (n = 5 per group), subsequent to treatment with acetone-olive oil (AOO), vehicle (DMSO) and two dose MCE (20 and 40 mg/kg) three times a week for 4 weeks. RESULTS MCE treatment reduced the intracellular ROS level (48.2%), NO concentration (7.1 mmol/L) and inflammatory cytokine expressions (39.1%) in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. A significant decrease was detected for ear thickness (16.9%), weight of lymph node (0.7 mg), IgE concentration (1.9 µg/mL), and epidermal thickness (31.8%) of the PA + MCE treated Tg mice. MCE treatment induced the decrease of luciferase signal derived from the IL-4 promoter and the recovery of the IL-4 downstream regulator cytokines. PA + MCE treated Tg mice showed decreasing infiltration of mast cells (42.5%), iNOS-mediated COX-2 induction pathway, MAPK signalling pathway and inflammasome activation in the ear tissue. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide the first evidence that MCE may have great potential to suppress chemical-induced skin inflammation through the suppression of IL-4 cytokine and the iNOS-mediated COX-2 induction pathway, and activation of inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ram Song
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Hyeon Jun Choi
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Su Ji Bae
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Yun Ju Choi
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Gong
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Noh
- Department of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepcion Edmundo Larenas, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Hye Sung Kim
- Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Miryang-si, Korea
| | - Hyun-Gu Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Theriogenology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
- CONTACT Dae Youn Hwang Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animal Resources Center, Pusan National University, 50 Cheonghak-ri, Samnangjin-eup Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50463, Korea
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4
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Son WK, Yoon W, Kim S, Byeon JH, Lee JS, Kim D, Jaehoon L, Chae Y, Yoon SJ, Yoo Y. Can moderate-intensity aerobic exercise ameliorate atopic dermatitis? Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:699-702. [PMID: 32614478 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that aerobic exercise improves atopic dermatitis (AD), although the mechanism is not clear. Here, we propose a hypothesis that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise improves AD in a mouse model through modulating allergic inflammation. The DNCB-treated mouse model for eczema was divided into 3 groups: (a) not subjected to aerobic exercise, (b) subjected to continuous aerobic exercise and (c) subjected to accumulated aerobic exercise. After given exercise using a treadmill device either 30 min/d or 10 min × 3/day at a speed of 16 m/min, for 9 days, respectively, dermatitis symptom score, thickness of epidermis/dermis and eosinophil infiltration were decreased in the 2 exercise groups compared to the sedentary living group. The serum levels of IgE, MCP-1 and MDC showed a significant decrease both in the continuous or accumulated exercise groups. Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise ameliorates dermatitis symptoms through immune modulation in the DNCB-treated mouse model for eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Kuk Son
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Physical Education, Korea University College of Education, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonsuck Yoon
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seunghyun Kim
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hye Byeon
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jue Seong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dasarang Kim
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Lim Jaehoon
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangseok Chae
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Jin Yoon
- Department of Physical Education, Korea University College of Education, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Yoo
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Alnus Sibirica Extract on In Vitro and In Vivo Models. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061418. [PMID: 32244969 PMCID: PMC7145316 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alnus sibirica extracts (ASex) have long been used in Oriental medicine to treat various conditions. To provide a scientific basis for this application and the underlying mechanism, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of ASex in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro model was established using human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) treated with inflammatory stimulants (lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma). Lactate dehydrogenase and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that ASex inhibited the increased expression of acute-phase inflammatory cytokines. The in vivo model was established by inducing skin inflammation in NC/Nga mice via the repeated application of house dust mite (HDM) ointment to the ears and back of the mice for eight weeks. HDM application increased the severity of skin lesions, eosinophil/mast cell infiltration, and serum immunoglobulin E levels, which were all significantly decreased by ASex treatment, demonstrating the same degree of protection as hydrocortisone. Overall, ASex showed excellent anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting its potential as an excellent candidate drug to reduce skin inflammation.
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6
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Yin J, Yoon SH, Ahn HS, Lee MW. Inhibitory Activity of Allergic Contact Dermatitis and Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin in BALB/c Mouse through Oral Administration of Fermented Barks of Alnus sibirica. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020450. [PMID: 29463011 PMCID: PMC6017565 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical isolation of fermented Alnus sibirica (FAS) which was produced by using Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. argentoratensis, exhibited multiple and different composition compared with the original plant. Anti-allergic contact dermatitis (anti-ACD)/anti-atopic dermatitis (anti-AD) activities (visual observation and regulation of Th1/Th2 cytokines and IgE in blood) of FAS and the barks of Alnus sibirica extract (AS) and the two diarylheptanoids, hirsutenone (1) and muricarpon B (2), which are major components of FAS, were measured in vitro and in vivo. FAS, AS and the two compounds showed potent anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-ACD and anti-AD activity. In particular, FAS showed more potent biological activity than AS. Thus, fermentation might be a prominent way to enhance the biological activity compared with the original plant. In addition, compounds (1) and (2) might be developed as functional materials or herbal medicines for ACD and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yin
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product based Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
| | - Seong Hye Yoon
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product based Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
| | - Hye Shin Ahn
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product based Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
| | - Min Won Lee
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product based Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
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7
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Lee KS, Chun SY, Lee MG, Kim S, Jang TJ, Nam KS. The prevention of TNF-α/IFN-γ mixture-induced inflammation in human keratinocyte and atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in Nc/Nga mice by mineral-balanced deep sea water. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:1331-1340. [PMID: 29156522 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease caused by environmental and chemical allergens. Despite the complexity of its pathogenesis, many investigations have shown that substances having anti-inflammatory activities alleviated the pathology of AD. Here, we evaluated the effects of mineral-balanced deep sea water (DSW) on AD-like skin damage in both in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that mineral-balanced DSW regressed inflammatory chemokines, such as macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and cytokines, interleukin (IL)-6 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA expression in HaCaT immortal human keratinocyte treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/ interferon (IFN)-γ mixture. Furthermore, increased cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 protein expressions were also reversed, filaggrin gene expression was enhanced and decreased involucrin transcriptions was recovered by mineral-balanced DSW in TNF-α/IFN-γ mixture-treated HaCaT human keratinocyte. Moreover, we revealed that the inhibitory effects of mineral-balanced DSW were mediated with the suppression of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 phosphorylation. In animal experiments, we showed that hardness 2000 of mineral-balanced DSW decreased the serum levels of IgE, IL-4, and histamine, and alleviated the severity score and numbers of scratching in dinitrochlorobezene (DNCB)-treated Nc/Nga mice. Furthermore, increased epidermal thickness and mast cell infiltration by DNCB treatment were reversed by the application of hardness 2000 mineral-balanced DSW. Taken together, the present investigation indicates that mineral-balanced DSW is a potent substance with anti-atopic dermatitis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Shik Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Intractable Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Chun
- Department of Pharmacology and Intractable Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gu Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Intractable Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Intractable Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jung Jang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Nam
- Department of Pharmacology and Intractable Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Ren X, He T, Chang Y, Zhao Y, Chen X, Bai S, Wang L, Shen M, She G. The Genus Alnus, A Comprehensive Outline of Its Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities. Molecules 2017; 22:E1383. [PMID: 28825681 PMCID: PMC6152317 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Alnus (Betulaceae) is comprised of more than 40 species. Many species of this genus have a long history of use in folk medicines. Phytochemical investigations have revealed the presence of diarylheptanoids, polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids and other compounds. Diarylheptanoids, natural products with a 1,7-diphenylheptane structural skeleton, are the dominant constituents in the genus, whose anticancer effect has been brought into focus. Pure compounds and crude extracts from the genus exhibit a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities both in vitro and in vivo. This paper compiles 273 naturally occurring compounds from the genus Alnus along with their structures and pharmacological activities, as reported in 138 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Ren
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Ting He
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Yanli Chang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Yicheng Zhao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Shaojuan Bai
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Le Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Meng Shen
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
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9
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Yang Z, Liu M, Wang W, Wang Y, Cao B, Gao Y, Chen H, Li T. Pseudolaric acid B attenuates atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions by inhibiting interleukin-17-induced inflammation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7918. [PMID: 28801611 PMCID: PMC5554149 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudolaric acid B (PB), isolated from the extract of the root bark of Pseudolarix kaempferi Gordon, has been used as a traditional remedy for the treatment of skin diseases. However, the information of PB on atopic dermatitis (AD) remains largely unknown. In the present study, oral administration with PB improved the severity scores of AD-like skin lesions dose-dependently in NC/Nga mice through reducing serum IgE, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells. In addition, PB significantly attenuated the levels of IL-17 and IL-22, and the proportion of Th17 cells in NC/Nga mice, as well as decreased IL-17-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, PB inhibited the phosphorylation of IκBα and miR-155 expression both in NC/Nga mice and in IL-17-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, which could be reversed by GW9662, a specific antagonist for PPARγ. The incorporation of GW9662 reversed the inhibitory effect of PB on the RORγ-mediated activation of the Il17 promoter. Transfection with PPARγ luciferase reporter gene further demonstrated the enhancement of PB on PPARγ transactivation. These findings indicate that PB could ameliorate AD-like skin lesions by inhibiting IL-17-induced inflammation in a PPARγ-dependent manner, which would provide experimental evidence of PB for the therapeutic potential on AD and other inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Department of Science Research, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China
| | - Meilun Liu
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, P.R. China
| | - Yiteng Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China.
| | - Tan Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China.
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10
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Mineral-balanced deep sea water enhances the inhibitory effects of chitosan oligosaccharide on atopic dermatitis-like inflammatory response. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-017-0091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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11
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Kim JY, Lee OS, Ha S, Kim JH, Park G, Kim JK, Oh CH. In vivoassessment of the effect of taxifolin glycoside on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions using biomedical tools in NC/Nga mice. Clin Exp Dermatol 2014; 40:547-55. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Y. Kim
- Research Institute for Skin Imaging; College of Medicine; Korea University; Seoul Korea
- Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Science of Brain Korea 21; Korea Universitiy; Seoul Korea
| | - O. S. Lee
- Department of Radiological Science; College of Natural Science; Gimcheon University; Gyeongbuk Korea
| | - S. Ha
- Department of Nursing; School of Health; Chungbuk Health and Science University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - J. H. Kim
- Department of Dermatology; College of Medicine; Korea University; Seoul Korea
| | - G. Park
- Research Institute for Skin Imaging; College of Medicine; Korea University; Seoul Korea
| | - J. K. Kim
- Medical Engineering R&D Center; ASAN Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - C. H. Oh
- Research Institute for Skin Imaging; College of Medicine; Korea University; Seoul Korea
- Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Science of Brain Korea 21; Korea Universitiy; Seoul Korea
- Department of Dermatology; College of Medicine; Korea University; Seoul Korea
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12
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Progranulin deficiency exaggerates, whereas progranulin-derived Atsttrin attenuates, severity of dermatitis in mice. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:1805-10. [PMID: 23669357 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PGRN and its derived engineered protein, Atsttrin, were reported to antagonize TNFα and protect against inflammatory arthritis [Tang, W. et al. (2011) The growth factor progranulin binds to TNF receptors and is therapeutic against inflammatory arthritis in mice. Science 332 (6028) 478-484]. Here we found that PGRN level was also significantly elevated in skin inflammation. PGRN-/- mice exhibited more severe inflammation following induction of oxazolone (OXA). In contrast, recombinant Atsttrin protein effectively attenuated inflammation in mice dermatitis model. In addition, the protective role of PGRN and Atsttrin in dermatitis was probably due to their inhibition on NF-κB signaling. Collectively, PGRN, especially its derived engineered protein, Atsttrin, may represent a potential molecular target for prevention and treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.
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Szalai K, Kopp T, Lukschal A, Stremnitzer C, Wallmann J, Starkl P, Vander Elst L, Saint-Remy JM, Pali-Schöll I, Jensen-Jarolim E. Establishing an allergic eczema model employing recombinant house dust mite allergens Der p 1 and Der p 2 in BALB/c mice. Exp Dermatol 2013; 21:842-6. [PMID: 23163649 PMCID: PMC3532600 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The major house dust mite allergens Der p 1 and Der p 2 are prevalent inducers of eczema. Der p 1 is a cysteine protease disrupting epithelial barriers, whereas Der p 2 functionally mimics the LPS-binding compound MD-2 within the TLR4 complex. In this work, we tested the percutaneous sensitizing capacity of recombinant (r) Der p 1 and Der p 2 in BALB/c mice. Mice were sensitized by percutaneous application of low (10 μg/application) and high dose (100 μg) rDer p 1 or rDer p 2, or with rDer p 1 followed by rDer p 2. Allergen-specific and total IgE antibodies were determined by ELISA. Eczema of BALB/c was classified by the itching score and corresponded to erosions. Infiltrating immune cells were identified by haematoxylin/eosin and Giemsa staining for eosinophils or mast cells, CD3 staining for T lymphocytes. Percutaneous treatments with rDer p 1, but not rDer p 2-induced specific IgG1. However, cotreatment with rDer p 1 led to increase in anti-Der p 2 IgG titres. Both allergens elicited skin erosions because of scratching, thickening of the epidermis, and eosinophil and T-cell infiltration. Our data indicate that recombinant mite allergens in the absence of adjuvant are sufficient for inducing eczema in BALB/c mice. As the enzymatic activity of an allergen might be an important cofactor for specific sensitization via the skin, Der p 1 may act as adjuvant for other allergens too. The presented mouse model is suitable for investigating the mechanisms of allergic eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Szalai
- Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Kim MH, Choi YY, Yang G, Cho IH, Nam D, Yang WM. Indirubin, a purple 3,2- bisindole, inhibited allergic contact dermatitis via regulating T helper (Th)-mediated immune system in DNCB-induced model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 145:214-219. [PMID: 23149289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Indirubin, isolated from Indigo naturalis (Apiaceae) is a purple 3,2- bisindole and a stable isomer of indigo. Although it is known to have anti-inflammatory activities, its mechanism of action has not been elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven-week-old female BALB/c mice were sensitized with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) to induce skin inflammation. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to assess epidermal and dermal hyperplasia, which were determined by measuring the thicknesses of the epidermis and dermis, respectively. We also evaluated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and cytokines production, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-4, 6 and Interferon (IFN)-gamma. In addition, we investigated nuclear factor (NF)-κB, IκB-α and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activities for verifying the molecular mechanism of inflammation. RESULTS Indirubin treatment suppressed skin inflammation in DNCB-exposed mice. The skin lesions were significantly thinner in the Indirubin-treated group than in untreated controls, and the hyperkeratosis disappeared. Indirubin reduced the total serum IgE level and cytokines production. In addition, it normalized NF-κB, IκB-α and MAP kinase expression. CONCLUSIONS Indirubin might be a useful treatment for allergic contact dermatitis via regulating the co-expression of T helper (Th) 1 and 2 cell-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hye Kim
- Department of Prescriptionology, College of Oriental Medicine, Institute of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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Kim JH, Kim MH, Yang G, Huh Y, Kim SH, Yang WM. Effects of topical application of Astragalus membranaceus on allergic dermatitis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2012; 35:151-6. [PMID: 23083228 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2012.733708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus (AM) is one of the most popular health-promoting herbs in East Asia, and has been used in traditional medicine for more than 2000 years. This study was performed to examine whether AM suppresses atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions in BALB/c mice. Seven-week-old female BALB/c mice were sensitized with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) to induce allergic dermatitis. Skin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) to assess epidermal and dermal hyperplasia, which were determined by measuring the thicknesses of the epidermis and dermis, respectively. The serum immunoglobulin G (IgE) concentration was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, the levels of interleukins (IL)-4, -5, -6, and -13 and tissue necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured in mouse serum. Significance was determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Topical AM markedly improved the AD skin lesions in DNCB-induced mice. The AD skin lesions were significantly thinner in the AM treatment group compared with untreated controls, and the hyperkeratosis disappeared. Topical treatment of AM also restored nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression. In addition, the serum IgE level was reduced. AM suppressed the expression of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, -5, -6, and -13) and significantly decreased the TNF-α level. AM is effective for treating AD by regulating cytokines. AM may be an alternative or complementary therapeutic option for treating patients with AD. More in-depth studies are necessary to clarify the mechanisms of AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Prescriptionology, College of Oriental Medicine, Institute of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Samukawa K, Izumi Y, Shiota M, Nakao T, Osada-Oka M, Miura K, Iwao H. Red ginseng inhibits scratching behavior associated with atopic dermatitis in experimental animal models. J Pharmacol Sci 2012; 118:391-400. [PMID: 22382656 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.11182fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pruritus is a severe symptom that is difficult to treat in atopic dermatitis patients. Red ginseng (RG), a natural medicine, has various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we examined the efficacy of RG extract (RGE) and its mechanism on experimental atopic dermatitis in mice. The effects of RGE on vascular permeability and itching were first evaluated. Histamine-induced permeability and itching were significantly inhibited by embrocation with RGE as well as diphenhydramine, an antihistamine drug. Next, we assessed the therapeutic effect of topical RGE in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis. Dermatitis was induced by repeated application of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) acetone solution to the mouse ear. The effects of tacrolimus (a calcineurin blocker), dexamethasone (a corticosteroid), and RGE on dermatitis and associated scratching behavior were compared. Repeated DNFB application caused frequent scratching behaviors and ear swelling. Topical treatment with tacrolimus, dexamethasone, and RGE for 8 days before the final challenge with DNFB significantly inhibited ear swelling. Tacrolimus and RGE significantly inhibited scratching behavior, whereas dexamethasone failed to do so. DNFB-induced nerve growth factor expression and nerve fiber extension were significantly attenuated by tacrolimus and RGE, but not by dexamethasone. RGE may have the potential for treatment of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Samukawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
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Han NR, Moon PD, Kim HM, Jeong HJ. Effect of Pyeongwee-San (KMP6) on 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. Life Sci 2012; 90:147-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Ngatu NR, Okajima MK, Yokogawa M, Hirota R, Eitoku M, Muzembo BA, Dumavibhat N, Takaishi M, Sano S, Kaneko T, Tanaka T, Nakamura H, Suganuma N. Anti-inflammatory effects of sacran, a novel polysaccharide from Aphanothece sacrum, on 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene-induced allergic dermatitis in vivo. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2011; 108:117-22. [PMID: 22289731 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2011.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sacran is a newly discovered sulfated polysaccharide extracted from an algae, Aphanothece sacrum, grown in a river of the Kyushu region in Japan. OBJECTIVE To evaluate sacran's inhibitory effect in 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB)-induced allergic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. METHODS Sacran was extracted by acid and alkaline treatment of A sacrum cyanobacterial biomaterials. To sensitize mice, 150 μL of 5% TNCB was applied epicutaneously on the abdomen of each mouse on day 1 and challenged with 15 μL of 1% TNCB applied on the ear skin of mice on day 8 and then every other day to induce skin lesions. Serum levels of inflammatory markers were measured and histopathologic examination of ear skin specimens performed. On the other hand, sacran's transepidermal water loss was evaluated in 11 volunteer women with dry skin. RESULTS Epicutaneous application of sacran in mice has significantly inhibited the development of allergic dermatitis skin lesions and reduced the number of scratching behavior episodes (P < .01). In addition, sacran efficiently inhibited IgE (P < .001), tumor necrosis factor α (P = .02), interleukin 4, interleukin 5, and interferon γ (P < .01; vs buffer in the TNCB group) production and eosinophilic infiltration in the chemical allergen-exposed ear skin. In addition, sacran-treated body regions of human volunteers with dry skin significantly reduced transepidermal water loss levels compared with exogenous hyaluronic acid (P < .01), which is known to improve skin moisture and exert skin barrier repair activity. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that sacran exerts anti-inflammatory effects by improving skin barrier function and reducing T(H)2 cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nlandu Roger Ngatu
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
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Kang MJ, Eum JY, Jeong MS, Park SH, Moon KY, Kang MH, Kim MS, Choi SE, Lee MW, Lee DI, Bang H, Lee CS, Joo SS, Li K, Lee MK, Seo SJ, Choi YW. Tat peptide-admixed elastic liposomal formulation of hirsutenone for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:2459-67. [PMID: 22072881 PMCID: PMC3205140 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s24350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to enhance a topical delivery of hirsutenone (HST), a naturally occuring immunomodulator, employing Tat peptide-admixed elastic liposomes (EL/T). METHODS HST-loaded EL, consisting of phosphatidylcholine and Tween 80 (85:15 w/w%), were prepared using thin film hydration method. By adding Tat peptide to EL (0.16 w/w%), EL/T were formulated. The in vitro skin permeation of HST was examined using a Franz diffusion cell mounted with depilated mouse skin. Lesions for atopic dermatitis (AD) were induced by a topical application of diphenylcyclopropenone to NC/Nga mice. Therapeutic improvements of AD were evaluated by clinical skin severity scores. Immunological analyses on inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 levels in the skin and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, immunoglobulin E, and eosinophil levels in the blood were also performed. RESULTS EL systems were superior to conventional cream, revealing greater flux values in a permeation study. The addition of Tat peptide further increased the skin permeation of HST. In an efficacy study with AD-induced NC/Nga mice, an HST-containing EL/T formulation brought a significant improvement in both skin severity score and immune-related responses for the levels of nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, IL-4, IL-13, immunoglobulin E, and eosinophils. CONCLUSION A novel EL/T formulation was successfully developed for topical delivery of HST to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Joo Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung- Ang University, Heuksuk-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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Xing XJ, Yang L, You Y, Zhong BY, Song QH, Deng J, Hao F. Study of the biological function and penetration pathways of the mouse epidermal growth factor ethosomal delivery system. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:945-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01340.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Choi SE, Park KH, Jeong MS, Kim HH, Lee DI, Joo SS, Lee CS, Bang H, Choi YW, Lee MK, Seo SJ, Lee MW. Effect of Alnus japonica extract on a model of atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 136:406-413. [PMID: 21184819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The bark of Alnus species has long been used in traditional oriental medicine in the treatment of many pathological conditions, including fever, hemorrhage, diarrhea, alcoholism, various skin diseases (e.g. chronic herpes, eczema and prurigo), and inflammation. In order to assess the immunomodulatory efficacy of a novel herbal medicine in treating atopic dermatitis, we measured serum levels of several allergic and inflammatory biomarkers in NC/Nga mice before and after treatment with this experimental agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gene and protein expression analyses of iNOS and COX-2 were quantified by real time PCR and Western blot analysis and serum levels of IL-4, -5 and -13 were also measured by ELISA, all of which were reduced after treatment with the experimental agent. Additionally, serum concentrations of IgE and blood eosinophil counts were reduced in treated mice. RESULTS The topical application of leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica suppressed the development of AD-like skin lesions. The percent of blood eosinophils was decreased after treatment with leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica. The serum IgE and Th2-related cytokine levels were decreased after treatment with leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica compared with those treated with base cream (vehicle treated AD group). The IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 were lower than those of vehicle treated AD group. CONCLUSIONS We contend that leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica may prove useful in the treatment of atopic dermatitis and other allergic skin diseases, although more in-depth clinical studies are necessary before clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Eun Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim HS, Kim DH, Kim BK, Yoon SK, Kim MH, Lee JY, Kim HO, Park YM. Effects of topically applied Korean red ginseng and its genuine constituents on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 11:280-5. [PMID: 21118672 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Revised: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ginseng (the root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, family Araliaceae) possesses various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor actions. However, their topical effect on atopic dermatitis (AD) has not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to examine the therapeutic effects of topical Korean red ginseng saponin fraction (KRGS) and its genuine constituents on AD-like skin lesions in an AD mouse model. The therapeutic effect of topical KRGS and ginsenosides in 2-chloro-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNCB)-treated NC/Nga mice was assessed by measuring the skin severity scores, ear thickness, histological changes of lesional skin including mast cell count, tissue tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-4, and interferon (IFN)-γ mRNA expression, and total serum IgE. Topical administration of 0.1% KRGS, 0.1% Rh2 and 0.1% Rh2+0.1% Rg3 significantly reduced the clinical skin severity scores, ear thickness and mast cell infiltration in the TNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions. Topical application of KRGS and its constituents significantly reduced TNCB-induced increase in ear TNF-α and IL-4 mRNA expression, but not IFN-γ mRNA expression. There was little change of serum total IgE level by topical KRGS and its constituents. In this study, topical KRGS and ginsenosides Rh2 and Rg3 were found to exert an anti-inflammatory effect in vivo and proved to be beneficial in an animal model of AD. Our results suggest that KRGS and its ginsenosides Rh2 and Rg3 have potential as a topical agent for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hei Sung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Ahn JY, Choi SE, Jeong MS, Park KH, Moon NJ, Joo SS, Lee CS, Choi YW, Li K, Lee MK, Lee MW, Seo SJ. Effect of taxifolin glycoside on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. Phytother Res 2010; 24:1071-7. [PMID: 20041431 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Increased levels of eosinphils, IgE, IL-4, 5, and 13 and pro-inflammatory factors (COX-2, iNOS) are observed in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Taxifolin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (TAX) from the roots of Rhododendron mucronulatum (RM) was examined to determine whether its immunomodulatory effect was applicable for treating atopic dermatitis.A total of 7 groups of NC/Nga mice with AD were treated by topical application or intraperitoneal injection of TAX for 4 weeks. Follow-up evaluations were done to assess the changes in clinical observations, eosinophil counts, and levels of IgE, cytokines, COX-2 and iNOS.In the clinical observation during the experimental period, TAX treatment significantly reduced the severity of AD-like lesions induced in NC/Nga mice. Eosinophil and IgE levels decreased after treatment of the animals with TAX. TAX may thus be associated with improvement of eosinophil-related allergic diseases. The expression of cytokines (IL-4, 5 and 13) was significantly inhibited in the TAX-treated group, suggesting that TAX might play an immunoregulatory role associated with AD. In RT-PCR, iNOS and COX-2 expression levels were reduced in the TAX-treated group. In western blotting, the expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 were also reduced in the TAX-treated group.These findings suggest that TAX is effective for the treatment of AD by preventing the production of inflammatory cytokines and by reducing skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Ahn
- College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, South Korea
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