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Turpin C, Kyle C, Beresford DV. Postfeeding larval dispersal behavior of late season blow flies (calliphoridae) in Southern Ontario, Canada. J Forensic Sci 2014; 59:1295-302. [PMID: 24602116 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Postfeeding dispersal involves migration of larvae away from their food source in order to pupate. Puparia are difficult to find, yet are important for estimating PMI, and missing puparia during collection can result in inaccurate estimations. This study investigates the late season maggot dispersal patterns for blow flies at coyote carcasses in two habitats with an aim to improving puparia collection procedures. Puparia samples collected from various dispersal distances and directions tested the spatial distribution patterns of the various species using the variance/mean ratio (VMR). Lucilia illustris was the most common species to emerge, with a preferred minimum dispersal distance of more than 50.8 cm and an overall VMR value of 14.91, indicating this species had a clumped distribution pattern. These findings highlight that current collection procedures that use random sampling from under carcasses do not adequately account for the spatial distribution of larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Turpin
- School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
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Cohnstaedt LW, Rochon K, Duehl AJ, Anderson JF, Barrera R, Su NY, Gerry AC, Obenauer PJ, Campbell JF, Lysyk TJ, Allan SA. Arthropod Surveillance Programs: Basic Components, Strategies, and Analysis. ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2012; 105:135-149. [PMID: 26543242 PMCID: PMC4630213 DOI: 10.1603/an11127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Effective entomological surveillance planning stresses a careful consideration of methodology, trapping technologies, and analysis techniques. Herein, the basic principles and technological components of arthropod surveillance plans are described, as promoted in the symposium "Advancements in arthropod monitoring technology, techniques, and analysis" presented at the 58th annual meeting of the Entomological Society of America in San Diego, CA. Interdisciplinary examples of arthropod monitoring for urban, medical, and veterinary applications are reviewed. Arthropod surveillance consists of the three components: 1) sampling method, 2) trap technology, and 3) analysis technique. A sampling method consists of selecting the best device or collection technique for a specific location and sampling at the proper spatial distribution, optimal duration, and frequency to achieve the surveillance objective. Optimized sampling methods are discussed for several mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) and ticks (Acari: Ixodidae). The advantages and limitations of novel terrestrial and aerial insect traps, artificial pheromones and kairomones are presented for the capture of red flour beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), small hive beetle (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), bed bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), and Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) respectively. After sampling, extrapolating real world population numbers from trap capture data are possible with the appropriate analysis techniques. Examples of this extrapolation and action thresholds are given for termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and red flour beetles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee W. Cohnstaedt
- Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS
| | - Kateryn Rochon
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Adrian J. Duehl
- Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, EL
| | | | - Roberto Barrera
- Dengue Branch, Centers for Disease Control, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Nan-Yao Su
- University of Florida, Ft. Lauderdale, FL
| | | | | | - James F. Campbell
- Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS
| | - Tim J. Lysyk
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Sandra A. Allan
- Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, EL
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Beresford D, Sutcliffe J. Assessing pest control using changes in instantaneous rate of population increase: Treated targets and stable fly populations case study. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:2517-24. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2009] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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