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Cao X, Wu B, Chen J, Liu Z, Yang Y, Li S, Zhu H, Xu L, Huang H. Hydroxypropyl Cellulose-Based Orally Dissolving Film Loaded with Insoluble Dexamethasone for Treatment of Oral Ulcers. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:4012-4023. [PMID: 38957041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Oral ulcers present as recurrent and spontaneous lesions, often causing intolerable burning pain that significantly disrupts patients' daily lives and compromises their quality of life. In addressing this clinical challenge, oral dissolving films (ODFs) have emerged as promising pharmaceutical formulations for oral ulcer management due to their rapid onset of action, ease of administration, and portability. In this study, ODFs containing the insoluble drug dexamethasone (Dex) were formulated for the treatment of oral ulcers in rabbits using a solvent casting method with ethanol as the solvent. To optimize the composition of the ODFs, a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) experiment was employed to investigate the effects of varying concentrations of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (L-HPC), and plasticizer (glycerol) on key parameters, such as disintegration time, tensile strength, and peel-off efficiency of the films. Subsequently, the film properties of the Dex-loaded ODFs (ODF@Dex) were thoroughly assessed, revealing favorable attributes, including homogeneity, mechanical strength, and solubility. Notably, the use of ethanol as the solvent in the ODF preparation facilitated the homogeneous distribution of insoluble drugs within the film matrix, thereby enhancing their solubility and dissolution rate. Leveraging the potent pharmacological activity of Dex, ODF@Dex was further evaluated for its efficacy in promoting ulcer healing and mitigating the expression of inflammatory factors both in vitro and in vivo. The findings demonstrated that the ODF@Dex exerted significant antiulcer effects by modulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thus contributing to ulcer resolution. In conclusion, our study underscores the potential of HPC-based ODFs formulated with ethanol as a solvent as a promising platform for delivering insoluble drugs, offering a viable strategy for the clinical management of oral ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Bingyu Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Zhikuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Lixing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Haiqing Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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Teng F, Jin Q. Evaluation of cytokine expressions in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305355. [PMID: 38861558 PMCID: PMC11166324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the expression levels of various T helper (Th) cell-secreted cytokines in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). Case-control studies comparing the serum or salivary levels of cytokines between RAS patients and healthy controls were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar prior to September 30, 2023. Cytokines produced by Th1 (interleukin [IL]-1, IL-2, IL-8, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], interferon gamma [IFN-γ]), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13), and Th17 (IL-17A) cells were investigated. The standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to detect the difference. A total of 20 studies comprising 1070 RAS patients and 536 healthy controls were included. RAS patients had significantly higher salivary levels of IL-2 (SMD = 4.15, 95%CI 0.83-7.48), IL-5 (SMD = 0.53, 95%CI 0.05-1.00), IL-6 (SMD = 0.48, 95%CI 0.12-0.84), IL-12 (SMD = 0.94, 95%CI 0.18-1.71), and TNF-α (SMD = 1.31, 95%CI 0.44-2.18) compared to healthy controls. Serum levels of IL-6 (SMD = 0.48, 95%CI 0.30-0.66), TNF-α (SMD = 0.70, 95%CI 0.22-1.17), and IFN-γ (SMD = 0.72, 95%CI 0.17-1.28) were significantly increased, while serum IL-10 levels (SMD = -2.25, 95%CI -3.99 to -0.52) were reduced in RAS patients. Patients diagnosed with major RAS had markedly elevated serum IL-8 levels (SMD = 0.39, 95%CI 0.07-0.71) and a trend toward higher serum IL-6 levels (SMD = 0.51, 95%CI -0.02 to 1.04) than those with minor RAS. In conclusion, Th1/Th2-related cytokines, especially IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α, are involved in the pathogenesis of RAS development and progression and are potential therapeutic targets for RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjun Teng
- Department of Stomatology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiuchen Jin
- Department of Stomatology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Surendran S, Ramani P, Ramalingam K, Jayaraman S. Expression of Salivary Ceramide Synthase 1 (CERS1) in Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS): A Cross-Sectional Institutional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e41597. [PMID: 37559835 PMCID: PMC10408775 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The increased rate of apoptosis is one of the major causes of ulcer formation. A variety of factors can influence the rate of apoptosis. Ceramide (CER) is one such factor that has been proposed to play a role in signaling apoptosis induced by extracellular agents. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common condition that initially presents in children or adolescents. Multiple recurrent small, round, or ovoid ulcers with erythematous haloes and circumscribed margins are its characteristic features. Its pathogenesis is still a mystery. Ceramide synthase 1 (CERS1) aids in the production of C18 CER. Although the role of CERS1 in aphthous is well understood, its possible intricate role in pathogenesis remains unknown. Aim To evaluate the expression of salivary CERS1 in patients with RAS and healthy individuals. Materials and methods 30 patients were included in the present study. Ethical clearance for this study was obtained, and there were no gender or age limits for enrollment. After obtaining informed consent, 30 salivary samples were collected from patients with RAS (n=15) and from healthy individuals (n=15). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed using the CERS1 kit by MyBioSource Inc (San Diego, USA) and the results were recorded. The Chi-square test and Independent t-test were used for statistical analysis with SPSS v23.0 (IBM, Chicago, USA) with a significant p-value of <0.05. Results CERS1 expression was identified in the saliva of all participants. There was a decrease in the salivary CERS1 level in RAS patients (7.6 +/- 2.0 pg/ml) when compared to healthy individuals (8.3 +/- 1.8 pg/ml) but it did not achieve statistical significance. Conclusion We found that salivary CERS1 levels decreased in RAS patients. More research is required to understand CERS1's pathogenetic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangamithra Surendran
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
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Cai X, Shi W, Lian J, Zhang G, Cai Y, Zhu L. Characterization of immune landscape and development of a novel N7-methylguanine-related gene signature to aid therapy in recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:133-148. [PMID: 36352034 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01665-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa resulting in an impaired life quality and even leading to tumors in susceptible populations. N7-Methylguanine (m7G) plays a vital role in various cellular activities but has not yet been investigated in RAS. We aimed at picturing the immune landscape and constructing an m7G-related gene signature, and investigating candidate drugs and gene-disease association to aid therapy for RAS. METHODS For our study, m7G-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. We outlined the immune microenvironment and studied the correlations between the m7G-related DEGs and immune cells/pathways. We performed functional enrichment analyses and constructed the protein-protein interaction (PPI) and multifactor regulatory network in RAS. The m7G-related hub genes were extracted to formulate the corresponding m7G predictive signature. RESULTS We obtained 11 m7G-related DEGs and studied a comprehensive immune infiltration landscape, which indicated several immune markers as possible immunotherapeutic targets. The PPI and multifactor regulatory network was constructed and 4 hub genes (DDX58, IFI27, IFIT5, and PML) were identified, followed by validation of the corresponding m7G predictive signature for RAS. GO and KEGG analyses revealed the participation of JAK-STAT and several immune-related pathways. Finally, we suggested candidate drugs and gene-disease associations for potential RAS medical interventions. CONCLUSIONS The present study pictured a comprehensive immune infiltration landscape and suggested that m7G played a vital role in RAS through immune-related pathways. This study provided new insight for the future investigation of the mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyao Cai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi-Zao-Ju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wenjun Shi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi-Zao-Ju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jie Lian
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi-Zao-Ju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Guoyou Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi-Zao-Ju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuchen Cai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi-Zao-Ju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Lian Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi-Zao-Ju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Surboyo MDC, Boedi RM, Hariyani N, Santosh ABR, Manuaba IBPP, Cecilia PH, Ambarawati IGAD, Parmadiati AE, Ernawati DS. The expression of TNF-α in recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cytokine 2022; 157:155946. [PMID: 35728503 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is related to an increase of pro-inflammatory cytokine, namely tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). This cytokine plays an important role in the development of ulcer lesions, both in saliva, tissues and blood. This systematic review analyzed the differences of TNF-α in lesions, salivary and blood and can be used as a reliable method of diagnosis for RAS. METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus databases, Web of Science, Scielo, Google Scholar and Embase with keywords. The inclusion criteria were studies that assessed the saliva, serum, and RAS lesion, with the outcome reporting the mean of saliva, serum and tissue expression of TNF-α. The risk of bias was also assessed. RESULT Healthy individuals showed significantly lower TNF-α than RAS (SMD = -1.517, 95% CI [-2.25, -0.78]). Although there is a significant difference between sample (i.e., saliva, serum) and detection type (i.e., cytometry bead array, ELISA), both methods can detect a significant difference in TNF-α between healthy individuals and RAS patients. CONCLUSIONS The TNF-α is a useful diagnostic marker for RAS. We encourage saliva to detect changes in TNF-α during ulceration as it provides accuracy, reliability, and non-invasive procedure compared to a blood draw.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rizky Merdietio Boedi
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia; Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ninuk Hariyani
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Arvind Babu Rajendra Santosh
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of The West Indies, Jamaica
| | | | - Pamela Handy Cecilia
- Graduate School of Dental Sciences Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Diah Savitri Ernawati
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Yousefi H, Gholami M, Zoughi M, Rezaei N, Chuppani A, Nikfar S, Amoli MM. Role of genetic polymorphisms in recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cytokine 2022; 153:155864. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Li XP, Zhang J. A live attenuated Edwardsiella tarda vaccine induces immunological expression pattern in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in the early phase of immunization. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 239:108872. [PMID: 32814144 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A previous study showed that an attenuated Edwardsiella tarda strain, TXhfq, as a live vaccine could elicit protective immune effects in fish against E. tarda infection. In the current study, in order to clarify the molecular mechanism of fish immune response at the early stage after TXhfq vaccination, RNA-Seq technology was used to compare the transcriptomes of skin, intestine, and spleen between bath-vaccinated and unvaccinated Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). An average of 46.6 million clean reads per library was obtained, ~88.04% of which were successfully mapped to the reference genome, and approximately 24,600 genes were detected in each sample. A total of 565, 878, and 1258 differential expression genes (DEGs) were found in skin, intestine, and spleen, respectively, including 1263 up-regulated genes and 1438 down-regulated genes. The DEGs exhibited different characteristics in each tissue. One hundred and sixteen DEGs belonging to six immune related categories were scrutinized, i.e., inflammatory factors, cytokines, complement and coagulation system, mucins, phagocytosis, and antigen processing and presentation. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed to get the interaction network between immune genes during the early stage of immunization. The top six hub genes highly regulated by TXhfq formed complicated interaction relationship with each other, which were involved in immune processes, notably inflammation and phagocytosis. Our results provide valuable information for the understanding of the immune mechanism underlying the protection of live attenuated vaccines in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Peng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, CAS Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, CAS Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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8
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Karri RL, Subramanyam RV, Venigella A, Babburi S, Pinisetti S, Rudraraju A. Differential Expression of Heat Shock Protein 27 in Oral Epithelial Dysplasias and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2020; 8:62-68. [PMID: 32766120 PMCID: PMC7365515 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_48_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most devastating neoplasm with dramatic increase in morbidity and mortality. The detection and prognostic evaluation of precancerous lesions could aid in early control of cancer. Heat shock protein (HSP) 27 has found to be a biomarker and therapeutic target in different types of cancer. Aim: This study aims to investigate the role of HSP 27 as prognostic molecular indicator of malignant transformation in oral epithelial dysplasias. Materials and Methods: Thirty samples of epithelial dysplasia (10 mild dysplasia, 10 moderate dysplasia, and 10 severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ cases), 10 samples each of well-differentiated OSCC and normal oral mucosa were routinely processed, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, and analyzed for HSP27 expression by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis was done by one way-ANOVA and Mann–Whitney test to assess the differences between two individual groups. Results: Normal mucosa showed intense, but nonuniform, expression of HSP27. An initial decline was noted in dysplasias. A significant correlation of HSP27 expression was observed with the severity of dysplasia and well-differentiated OSCC (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Low HSP 27 expression can be considered as early molecular indicator of initial dysplastic change in normal mucosa. An overexpression of HSP 27 in clinically and histologically confirmed dysplasia could indicate likely transformation to well-differentiated OSCC and could be of prognostic value. However, further studies with a larger sample size are required to confirm the role of HSP 27 as predictive indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roja Lakshmi Karri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, GSL Dental College and Hospital, East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - R Venkata Subramanyam
- Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aparna Venigella
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Drs. Sudha and Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Suresh Babburi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Drs. Sudha and Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Soujanya Pinisetti
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Government Dental College, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Amrutha Rudraraju
- Department of Oral Pathology, Navodaya Dental College, Raichur, Karnataka, India
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Borilova Linhartova P, Janos J, Slezakova S, Bartova J, Petanova J, Kuklinek P, Fassmann A, Dusek L, Izakovicova Holla L. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis and gene variability in selected interleukins: a case-control study. Eur J Oral Sci 2018; 126:485-492. [PMID: 30341786 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Genetic factors, especially those related to immune system functioning, have been intensively studied to determine their role in the development of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The aim of the present study was to analyze gene variability in interleukin (IL)2, IL4 (and its receptor α, IL4Rα), IL10, and IL13, which were selected based on literature review and/or their functional relevance, in Czech patients with RAS and in healthy controls. In total, 252 subjects (178 controls and 74 patients with RAS) were enrolled in this case-control study, and their detailed anamnestic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained. Nine polymorphisms in the genes encoding interleukins were determined using PCR techniques. There were no significant differences in allele or genotype frequencies of the IL2, IL4, IL4Rα, IL10, and IL13 polymorphisms rs2069762/rs2069763, rs2243250/rs79071878, rs1801275, rs1800896, and rs1800925, respectively, between controls and patients with RAS. The minority alleles rs1800871 and rs1800872, which encode variants of IL10, were associated with a statistically significantly higher risk of RAS, as confirmed by the results of genotype and haplotype analyses. We suggest that variability in the IL10 gene may play an important role in the development of RAS in the Czech population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Borilova Linhartova
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Julius Janos
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Slezakova
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jirina Bartova
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Dental Medicine, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Petanova
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kuklinek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Fassmann
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Dusek
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lydie Izakovicova Holla
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Zare Bidoki A, Massoud A, Najafi S, Mohammadzadeh M, Rezaei N. Autosomal dominant deficiency of the interleukin-17F in recurrent aphthous stomatitis: Possible novel mutation in a new entity. Gene 2018; 654:64-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Supplemental psyllium fibre regulates the intestinal barrier and inflammation in normal and colitic mice. Br J Nutr 2017; 118:661-672. [PMID: 29185927 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517002586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that supplemental psyllium fibre increased cytoprotective heat-shock protein (Hsp) 25 levels in the intestinal cells of mice. Here, we examined the effect of psyllium fibre on colonic gene and protein expression and faecal microbiota in normal and colitic mice to improve the understanding of the preventive role of the supplement. DNA microarray analysis revealed that a 10 % psyllium fibre diet administered for 5 d up-regulated eleven extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated genes, including collagens and fibronectins, in normal mice. Acute colitis was induced using dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) in mice that were administered a pre-feeding 5 to 10 % psyllium fibre diet for 5 d. Psyllium fibre partially ameliorated or resolved the DSS-induced colon damage and inflammation characterised by body weight loss, colon shortening, increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased tight junction protein expression in the colon. Analysis of faecal microbiota using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of the PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene demonstrated that psyllium fibre affected the colonic microbiota. Intestinal permeability was evaluated by growing intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers on membrane filter supports coated with or without fibronectin and collagen. Cells grown on collagen and fibronectin coating showed higher transepithelial electrical resistance, indicating a strengthening of barrier integrity. Therefore, increased Hsp25 levels and modification of colonic ECM contribute to the observed psyllium-mediated protection against DSS-induced colitis. Furthermore, ECM modification appears to play a role in the strengthening of the colon barrier. In conclusion, psyllium fibre may be useful in the prevention of intestinal inflammatory diseases.
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Abstract
Behçet disease is currently considered an "autoinflammatory disease" triggered by infection and environmental factors in genetically predisposed individuals. Although the disease is characterized by recurrent oral and genital aphthous ulcers and ocular involvement, it can affect multiple organ systems. Complex aphthosis is characterized by recurrent oral and/or genital aphthous ulcers. It is important to evaluate the patient with complex aphthosis for Behçet disease and related systemic disorders. We discuss the etiopathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and treatment approaches for complex aphthosis and Behçet disease in light of the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isil Bulur
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Meltem Onder
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology Emeritus Prof, Ankara, Turkey; Dermatology and Laser Center, Reduitstrasse 13, Landau, Germany.
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Salivary Alpha-Amylase Enzyme, Psychological Disorders, and Life Quality in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. Int J Dent 2017; 2017:5269856. [PMID: 28408928 PMCID: PMC5376436 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5269856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate stress, anxiety, and salivary alpha-amylase (SAA) activity in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The impact of this disease on the life quality was also evaluated. Design. Twenty-two patients with RAS and controls, matched by sex and age, were selected. Stress and anxiety were assessed using Lipp's Inventory of Stress Symptoms and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Life quality was assessed through the World Health Organization Quality of Life-bref (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Saliva samples were collected in the morning and afternoon and the SAA activity was analyzed by enzymatic kinetic method. Results. No significant difference was observed between the groups regarding the SAA activity (p = 0.306). Patients with RAS had higher scores of anxiety (p = 0.016). The scores of WHOQOL-BREF were significantly lower in patients with RAS. The values obtained through OHIP-14 were significantly higher in these patients (p = 0.002). Conclusion. RAS negatively affects the life quality. Patients with the disease have higher levels of anxiety, suggesting its association with the etiopathogenesis of RAS.
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Ogata M, Van Hung T, Tari H, Arakawa T, Suzuki T. Dietary psyllium fiber increases intestinal heat shock protein 25 expression in mice. Nutr Res 2017; 39:25-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Katsanos KH, Torres J, Roda G, Brygo A, Delaporte E, Colombel JF. Review article: non-malignant oral manifestations in inflammatory bowel diseases. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015; 42:40-60. [PMID: 25917394 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) may present with lesions in their oral cavity. Lesions may be associated with the disease itself representing an extraintestinal manifestation, with nutritional deficiencies or with complications from therapy. AIM To review and describe the spectrum of oral nonmalignant manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases [ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD)] and to critically review all relevant data. METHODS A literature search using the terms and variants of all nonmalignant oral manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases (UC, CD) was performed in November 2014 within Pubmed, Embase and Scopus and restricted to human studies. RESULTS Oral lesions in IBD can be divided into three categories: (i) lesions highly specific for IBD, (ii) lesions highly suspicious of IBD and (iii) nonspecific lesions. Oral lesions are more common in CD compared to UC, and more prevalent in children. In adult CD patients, the prevalence rate of oral lesions is higher in CD patients with proximal gastrointestinal tract and/or perianal involvement, and estimated to range between 20% and 50%. Oral lesions can also occur in UC, with aphthous ulcers being the most frequent type. Oral manifestations in paediatric UC may be present in up to one-third of patients and are usually nonspecific. CONCLUSIONS Oral manifestations in IBD can be a diagnostic challenge. Treatment generally involves managing the underlying intestinal disease. In cases presenting with local disabling symptoms and impaired quality of life, local and systemic medical therapy must be considered and/or oral surgery may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Katsanos
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, The Leona M. Harry B. Helmsley Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Torres
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, The Leona M. Harry B. Helmsley Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Roda
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, The Leona M. Harry B. Helmsley Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Brygo
- Department of Stomatology, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille 2, Lille Cedex, France
| | - E Delaporte
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille 2, Lille Cedex, France
| | - J-F Colombel
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, The Leona M. Harry B. Helmsley Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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16
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A comparative study of vitamin D serum levels in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hijazi K, Lowe T, Meharg C, Berry SH, Foley J, Hold GL. Mucosal microbiome in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. J Dent Res 2014; 94:87S-94S. [PMID: 25540188 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514565458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common disease affecting oral mucosae. Etiology is unknown, but several factors have been implicated, all of which influence the composition of microbiota residing on oral mucosae, which in turn modulates immunity and thereby affects disease progression. Although no individual pathogens have been conclusively shown to be causative agents of RAS, imbalanced composition of the oral microbiota may play a key role. In this study, we sought to determine composition profiles of bacterial microbiota in the oral mucosa associated with RAS. Using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we characterized the most abundant bacterial populations residing on healthy and ulcerated mucosae in patients with RAS (recruited using highly stringent criteria) and no associated medical conditions; we also compared these to the bacterial microbiota of healthy controls (HCs). Phylum-level diversity comparisons revealed decreased Firmicutes and increased Proteobacteria in ulcerated sites, as compared with healthy sites in RAS patients, and no differences between RAS patients with healthy sites and HCs. Genus-level analysis demonstrated higher abundance of total Bacteroidales in RAS patients with healthy sites over HCs. Porphyromonadaceae comprising species associated with periodontal disease and Veillonellaceae predominated in ulcerated sites over HCs, while no quantitative differences of these families were observed between healthy sites in RAS patients and HCs. Streptococcaceae comprising species associated with oral health predominated in HCs over ulcerated sites but not in HCs over healthy sites in RAS patients. This study demonstrates that mucosal microbiome changes in patients with idiopathic RAS--namely, increased Bacteroidales species in mucosae of RAS patients not affected by active ulceration. While these changes suggest a microbial role in initiation of RAS, this study does not provide data on causality. Within this limitation, the study contributes to the understanding of the potential role of mucosal microbiome changes in oral mucosal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hijazi
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Medical and Dental Education, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - T Lowe
- Maxillofacial Unit, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | - C Meharg
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - S H Berry
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Applied Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - J Foley
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Medical and Dental Education, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK Edinburgh Dental Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - G L Hold
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Applied Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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18
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Slebioda Z, Szponar E, Kowalska A. Etiopathogenesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis and the role of immunologic aspects: literature review. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2013; 62:205-15. [PMID: 24217985 PMCID: PMC4024130 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-013-0261-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS; recurrent aphthous ulcers; canker sores) belongs to the group of chronic, inflammatory, ulcerative diseases of the oral mucosa. Up to now, the etiopathogenesis of this condition remains unclear; it is, however, considered to be multifactorial. The results of currently performed studies indicate that genetically mediated disturbances of the innate and acquired immunity play an important role in the disease development. Factors that modify the immunologic response in RAS include: food allergies, vitamin and microelement deficiencies, hormonal and gastrointestinal disorders (e.g., celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis), some viral and bacterial infections, mechanical injuries and stress. In this paper, we presented the main etiopathogenetic factors of RAS with a special emphasis on the mechanisms of the immune response modification. Moreover, we discussed the crucial clinical symptoms and types of RAS together with epidemiologic data based on the current medical literature reports and our own observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Slebioda
- Department of Oral Mucosa Diseases, University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812, Poznan, Poland,
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19
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Gallo CB, Borra RC, Rodini CO, Nunes FD, Sugaya NN. CC chemokine ligand 3 and receptors 1 and 5 gene expression in recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 114:93-8. [PMID: 22727097 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the local and systemic expression of CC-chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3) and its receptors (CCR1 and CCR5) in tissue samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) patients. STUDY DESIGN This case-control study enrolled 29 patients presenting severe RAS manifestations and 20 non-RAS patients proportionally matched by sex and age. Total RNA was extracted from biopsy specimens and peripheral blood mononuclear cells for quatitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The data obtained by relative quantification were evaluated by the 2(-ΔΔCt) method, normalized by the expression of an endogenous control, and analyzed by Student t test. RESULTS The results demonstrated overexpression in RAS tissue samples of all of the chemokines evaluated compared with healthy oral mucosa, whereas the blood samples showed only CCR1 overexpression in RAS patients. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the increased expression of CCL3, CCR1, and CCR5 may influence the immune response in RAS by T(H)1 cytokine polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila B Gallo
- Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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20
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Sun M, Fu SM, Dong GY, Wu D, Wang GX, Wu Y. Inflammatory factors gene polymorphism in recurrent oral ulceration. J Oral Pathol Med 2013; 42:528-34. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mao Sun
- Center for DNA Typing; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Shan-Min Fu
- Department of Orthodontics; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Guang-Ying Dong
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Dan Wu
- Center for DNA Typing; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Guo-Xia Wang
- Center for DNA Typing; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Yuanming Wu
- Center for DNA Typing; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
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21
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Taş DA, Yakar T, Sakalli H, Serin E. Impact of Helicobacter pylori on the clinical course of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. J Oral Pathol Med 2012; 42:89-94. [PMID: 22827585 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2012.01197.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is one of the most common lesions of oral mucosa. Helicobacter pylori is suggested as one of the etiological agents of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Here, we conduct a study for evaluating the impact of H. pylori eradication on clinical course of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. METHODS Forty-six patients with minor aphthous lesions were enrolled. The number of RAS lesions at last 6 months and vitamin B(12) levels were recorded. All patients were detected for H. pylori with endoscopic biopsy. H. pylori was positive in 30 patients and negative in 16 patients. H. pylori-positive 30 patients received eradication therapy. Three months after therapy, patients were re-evaluated with urea breath test; 18 patients were negative (eradicated), and the remainders (12 patients) were positive (non-eradicated) for H. pylori. 6 months after eradication, vitamin B(12) levels and number of aphthous lesions at 6 months were recorded. RESULTS Vitamin B(12) levels were significantly increased in H. pylori-eradicated group (P = 0.001), whereas no significant change was found in non-eradicated group (P = 0.638). Mean number of aphthous lesions (per 6 months) of H. pylori-eradicated group was significantly decreased after eradication (P = 0.0001); in the non-eradicated group, no significant change was found (P = 0.677). In Hp-positive group, number of RAS lesions and vitamin B(12) levels were negatively correlated when evaluated both before and after eradication. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence to support the beneficial effect of H. pylori eradication in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The underlying mechanism might be the increase in vitamin B(12) levels after eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Arslan Taş
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Türkiye.
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22
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Tomasello G, Sciumé C, Rappa F, Rodolico V, Zerilli M, Martorana A, Cicero G, De Luca R, Damiani P, Accardo FM, Romeo M, Farina F, Bonaventura G, Modica G, Zummo G, Conway de Macario E, Macario AJL, Cappello F. Hsp10, Hsp70, and Hsp90 immunohistochemical levels change in ulcerative colitis after therapy. Eur J Histochem 2011; 55:e38. [PMID: 22297444 PMCID: PMC3284240 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2011.e38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by damage of large bowel mucosa and frequent extra-intestinal autoimmune comorbidities. The role played in IBD pathogenesis by molecular chaperones known to interact with components of the immune system involved in inflammation is unclear. We previously demonstrated that mucosal Hsp60 decreases in UC patients treated with conventional therapies (mesalazine, probiotics), suggesting that this chaperonin could be a reliable biomarker useful for monitoring response to treatment, and that it might play a role in pathogenesis. In the present work we investigated three other heat shock protein/molecular chaperones: Hsp10, Hsp70, and Hsp90. We found that the levels of these proteins are increased in UC patients at the time of diagnosis and decrease after therapy, supporting the notion that these proteins deserve attention in the study of the mechanisms that promote the development and maintenance of IBD, and as biomarkers of this disease (e.g., to monitor response to treatment at the histological level).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tomasello
- Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche ed Oncologiche, Università di Palermo, Italy
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Pinto Rodrigues J, Fujiyama Oshima C, Ribeiro Paiotti A, Franco M, Miki Ihara S, Ribeiro D. Expression of apoptosis regulatory proteins p53, bcl-2 and bax in recurrent aphthous ulceration. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 26:1247-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04274.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lewkowicz N, Kur B, Kurnatowska A, Tchorzewski H, Lewkowicz P. Expression of Th1/Th2/Th3/Th17-Related Genes in Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2011; 59:399-406. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-011-0134-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Shields AM, Panayi GS, Corrigall VM. Resolution-associated molecular patterns (RAMP): RAMParts defending immunological homeostasis? Clin Exp Immunol 2011; 165:292-300. [PMID: 21671907 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04433.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation is central to the maintenance of good health and immune homeostasis. Recently, several intracellular stress proteins have been described as having extracellular properties that are anti-inflammatory or favour the resolution of inflammation. We propose that these molecules should be defined as resolution-associated molecular patterns (RAMPs). RAMPs are released at times of cellular stress and help to counterbalance the inflammatory effects of pathogen-associated (PAMPs) and damage-associated (DAMPs) molecular patterns. We propose that heat shock protein 10 (HSP10), αB-crystallin (αBC), HSP27 and binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) should be considered founding members of the RAMP family. A greater understanding of RAMP biology may herald the development of novel immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Shields
- Academic Department of Rheumatology, King's College London School of Medicine at Guy's, King's and St Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK
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Possible Association between Th1 Immune Polarization and Epithelial Permeability with Toll-Like Receptors 2 Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of the Recurrent Aphthous Ulceration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1155/2010/163804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent Aphthous Ulceration (RAU) is a chronic oral inflammatory disease that affects approximately 25% of the general population. The etiology of the disease is unknown; however, factors that favor the onset of RAU have been correlated with a Th1 immune polarization, while factors that reduce RAU episodes have been associated with down regulation of immune reaction or stimulation of the peripheral tolerance. In this context, the integrity of the epithelial barrier is also fundamental for the prevention of the disease and conditions that augment its permeability or produce disruption are considered potential triggers. The key factor responsible for increased susceptibility is unclear, though a deficiency of Toll-like receptor (TLR) activity seems to be a good candidate. TLRs are a group of membrane proteins that recognize conserved molecules derived from bacterial, virus, fungal, or host tissues. Particularly, the TLR2 is involved in both immune regulation and control of epithelial barrier integrity. Thus, based on literature review, we showed evidences that correlate the TLR2 dysfunction and the diverse predisposing factors with the elements considered critical for disease pathogenesis: the Th1 immune reaction and the increased epithelial permeability.
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Borra RC, De Mesquita Barros F, De Andrade Lotufo M, Villanova FE, Andrade PM. Toll-like receptor activity in Recurrent Aphthous Ulceration. J Oral Pathol Med 2009; 38:289-98. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00743.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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