Mitoses and microorganisms in the periodontal membrane after storage in milk or saliva

Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Hank's Balanced Salt Solution as a Storage Medium for Avulsed Teeth: An In Vitro Study

Objective

To compare the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) in the preservation of the periodontal ligament (PDL) cells viability of avulsed teeth.

Methods

A total of 30 non-carious third molars with healthy periodontium, indicated for extraction for orthodontic reasons or chronic pericoronitis, were selected for the study. Samples were divided into four groups: one standard group and one experimental group in addition to two control groups (positive and negative). The positive and negative control group corresponded to immediate and 2-hour dry time respectively. The experimental teeth were bench dried for 40 minutes and then immersed in one of the two storage media: HBSS (standard storage media) and PRF (experimental storage media) for 45 minutes. The teeth in each group were treated with dispase II and collagenase for 30 minutes and later centrifuged for 4 minutes at 1000 rpm. The supernatant was removed with sterile micropipette, the cells were labeled with 0.4% trypan blue, and the number of viable PDL cells was counted with a hemocytometer under a light microscope. One-way Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test with Boneferroni correction were used for statistical analysis.

Results

Results did not demonstrate any statistically significant differences in the viability of PDL cells between the groups with standard and experimental storage media. Group 1 showed a statistically significant difference of mean compared to Groups 2, 3 and 4. When Group 2 was compared with Groups 3 and 4, a P-value>0.05 suggested no statistical significance.

Conclusion

Within the parameters of this study, HBSS and PRF demonstrated a similar number of viable PDL cells. Hence, PRF could be a used as a good substitute of HBSS as a storage media for avulsed teeth.

Awareness about Management of Tooth Avulsion among Dentists in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

AIM

This study aimed to evaluate the awareness amongst dentists working in Jazan, a city in K.S.A., about their potential role in the treatment of traumatic tooth avulsion injuries.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A cross-sectional study was performed and all dentists in Jazan, K.S.A. were invited to participate in this study. Data was collected through a self-administrated questionnaire. A total of 200 dental practitioners answered the questionnaire. The intern/general practitioners were 75%, and the specialists were 25%. The variables comprised socio-demographic information, professional characteristics and information regarding the awareness towards the management of tooth avulsion.

RESULTS

A total of 200 dental practitioners answered the questionnaire. The intern/general practitioners were 75%, and the specialists were 25%. (44.3%) were aware of the critical time for avulsed tooth replantation while 71.8% of females did not know about the critical time for avulsed tooth replantation. 50.0% of the specialists reported that less than 30 min was needed for avulsed tooth replantation, while 59.3% of interns/general dentists advised less than 60 minutes.

CONCLUSION

A statistically significant result was observed regarding the best storage medium, a critical time for avulsed tooth replantation and tooth management before replantation.

A Quantitative Analysis of a Probiotic Storage Media for Avulsed Teeth

AIM

The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigate the potential of a storage medium, probiotic yogurt (Bifidibacterium animalis DN 173010) in comparison with Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), saline and milk in maintaining viable periodontal ligament (PDL) cells on simulated avulsed teeth.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Thirty-six freshly extracted single-rooted human teeth with closed apices were divided into six experimental groups (N=6). The teeth were extracted as atraumatically as possible and washed in sterile saline solution to eliminate residual blood. Following extractions, the coronal 3 mm of PDL tissues were scraped with a #15 scalpel to remove cells that may have been damaged. The positive and negative controls corresponded to 0 minutes and an 8-hour dry time, respectively. After extraction, the positive control teeth were immediately treated with dispase and collagenase. The negative control teeth were bench-dried for 8 h, with no follow-up storage solution time, and then placed in the dispase and collagenase. The number of viable protective least significant difference PDL cells were counted under a light microscope with a hemocytometer at 20× magnification and analyzed. Statistical analysis of the data was accomplished using Nonparametric ANOVA complemented by Kruskal-Wallis Test and Dunn's Multiple Comparisons Test.

RESULTS

Positive control was found to be significantly better than the others, there were statistically significant differences between positive control and other test groups (p=0.000). The teeth stored in positive control demonstrated the highest number of viable PDL cells followed in order by probiotic yogurt, HBSS, saline and milk.

CONCLUSION

Bifidibacterium animalis DN 173010 seems to be an alternative for the temporary storage of avulsed teeth, due to high number of viable PDL cells. Probiotics may be suitable transport media for avulsed teeth, but further research is warranted using the commercially available products.

Comparative evaluation of four transport media for maintaining cell viability in transportation of an avulsed tooth - An in vitro study

OBJECTIVES

The study was performed to compare and evaluate the efficacy of four experimental storage media (Hank's balanced salt solution, Ringer's lactate solution, tender coconut water, and green tea extract) for maintaining cell viability of human periodontal cells at different time intervals of 15 min 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Human periodontal cells were cultured and stored in the four media. After 15 min 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min, the different media were examined under optical microscope and viabilities analyzed using an optical calorimeter. Mean and standard deviation were estimated from the results that were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to identify the significant groups.

RESULTS

The results indicated that there was no difference in cell viability between the four media up to a period of 60 min, whereas green tea extract showed a lower cell viability after 90 min.

CONCLUSION

Within the limitations of the present study, it appears that due to superior osmolality, cost effectiveness, and easier availability, Ringer's lactate, tender coconut water, and green tea extract can be used as alternate storage media for avulsed tooth.

Comparative evaluation of maintenance of cell viability of an experimental transport media "coconut water" with Hank's balanced salt solution and milk, for transportation of an avulsed tooth: An in vitro cell culture study

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a new storage medium, coconut water, in comparison with other traditional storage media like Hank's balanced salt solution (HBBS) and milk, in maintaining the viability of an established cell line BHK-21/C13 (baby hamster kidney fibroblasts) using the direct suspension cell culture technique.

The storage media tested in the study were divided into three major groups and two control groups - Group A: HBBS, Group B: milk, and Group C: coconut water. The positive and negative controls corresponded to 0-minute and 24-hour dry times respectively.

The three groups were then divided into five subgroups, each denoting the storage time periods 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min and 120 min respectively. The cell line BHK-21/C13 was subcultured and the number of cells was standardized by making a cell suspension using Minimal Essential Medium in five culture plates.

One ml of each experimental group (HBBS, milk and coconut water) was added to eight wells of each culture plate. The culture plates containing the cells and the experimental groups were incubated for the respective time periods. The cells were then counted with a Neubauer counting chamber, under light microscope. The results were statistically analyzed using One-way ANOVA and Multiple Range Test using the Tukey-HSD procedure to identify the significant groups at p ≤ 0.05.

Within the parameters of this study, it appears that coconut water may be a better alternative to HBSS or milk, in terms of maintaining cell viability. Coconut water can be used as a superior transport medium for avulsed teeth.

Avulsion of permanent teeth: analysis of the efficacy of na informative campaign for professionals from elementary schools

Tooth avulsion is a very common event in children and emergency care procedures are crucial for case prognosis. As anyone at the moment of accident can provide first-aid measures, knowledge of school professionals dealing with children is of paramount importance. An informative campaign about dental trauma was performed in urban schools in the city of Adamantina, São Paulo state, Brazil, in an attempt to educate school professionals about emergency procedures in cases of tooth avulsion. A questionnaire arguing on personal information, tooth avulsion knowledge and personal impressions of the campaign was handed out for evaluation of the informative campaign. Eighty school professionals participated in the survey. Most participants were females (93.75%) aged 41-60 years old (53.75%) with a college degree (77.5%). Time at work ranged from 1-5 years (22.5%). The efficacy of the campaign was considered positive, as 100% of the interviewees replied to the importance of emergency procedures in case of tooth avulsion. In addition, 81.25% of the respondents answered that they would store the avulsed tooth in some storage medium, of which milk was the most frequently mentioned (84.61%). The participants considered the campaign as satisfactory and a region-wide campaign will be accomplished at other schools.