Soft tissue tumors and common metastases of the oral cavity

Children tongue leiomyosarcoma: A rare case and literature review

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the tongue is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumor with high recurrence rate and metastatic potential. Through analysis of one case condition and literature review, this paper discusses the clinical characteristics and treatment methods and recommends that expanded resection surgery should be the first intervention. Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and combined chemotherapy should be administered if the case specifically requires such an approach.

Myofibroblastic sarcoma of the oral cavity: a diagnostic dilemma and report of two cases

Introduction: Myofibroblastic sarcoma is designated as a low-grade malignancy, commonly affecting the deep soft tissue of the head and neck. Despite being classified as low-grade, myofibroblastic sarcoma with high-grade features have been reported. Observations: Two such cases affecting the oral cavity, which were diagnosed as different entities upon biopsy, were observed. Case 1 presented as multiple, well-circumscribed soft tissue swellings of the tongue and alveolar mucosa and was diagnosed as synovial sarcoma. Case 2 manifested as a large extensive osseous lesion of the maxilla and was diagnosed as an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour. Conclusion: Myofibroblastic sarcoma with high-grade features remains a diagnostic dilemma due to its overlapping features with other spectra of fibroblastic/myofibroblastic tumours and lack of consensus regarding its classification as a separate entity. Establishing the definitive diagnosis requires adequate tumour sampling and a systematic clinicopathological approach.

Primary oral leiomyosarcoma: A systematic review and update

The aim of this systematic review was to address the clinicopathologic inconsistencies noted with primary oral leiomyosarcoma in the literature by amassing the available data published into a comprehensive analysis. Eligibility criteria included publications of cases with dedicated immunohistochemical work-up along with radiographs to evaluate location. Based on these criteria, the systematic review compiled 29 cases. Four primary location sites were identified in the reported cases: soft tissue presentation only, soft tissue with bony involvement, bony involvement only, and bony involvement with a soft tissue component. The majority of primary oral leiomyosarcoma cases reviewed showed a soft tissue predilection, which is in contrast to prior reports of jawbones being the most common site. In addition, there was an improved 5-year survival rate for primary oral leiomyosarcoma limited to the oral cavity and gnathic bones without extension into paranasal sinuses.

Primary Leiomyosarcoma of the Buccal Mucosa: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

This clinicopathologic study of primary oral leiomyosarcoma of the buccal mucosa involves a literature review of 15 cases with the addition of our report of a case. The demographic details, tumor size, treatment and outcome are documented for all the cases. In addition, this review examines the histologic features of leiomyosarcoma while noting that differentiation from other spindle cell tumors can be challenging, underscoring the necessity of an immunohistochemical work up for an accurate diagnosis. The unpredictability of the clinical behavior of these aggressive tumors requires, at the very least, wide local surgical excision and prolonged follow up.

Cheek metastasis from a bladder tumor: unusual presentation of an aggressive disease

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) has been well described for its propensity to metastasize to distant sites. Metastases to the soft tissues of the oral cavity from a bladder cancer are extremely rare. We present the case of a 65-year-old man who presented with history of hematuria for 1 month and was found to have high-grade TCC of the bladder. He developed a cheek lesion after 3 weeks, which was diagnosed as metastatic nodule along with pulmonary metastases from high-grade bladder TCC. The patient received chemotherapy followed by the radiotherapy of the cheek lesion, but he succumbed after 3 months due widespread metastatic disease. We also presented a review of the literature regarding this rare presentation.