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Do J, Han JJ, Kwon IJ. Application of double layer with collagen-elastin matrix (Matriderm®) and polyglycolic acid sheet (Neoveil®) for oroantral and oronasal fistula closure after maxillectomy: a retrospective single center experience. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2024; 125:101648. [PMID: 37769966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigates the effectiveness of a new double-layer approach for closing oroantral and oronasal fistulas (OA/ONFs) using Matriderm® and Neoveil®. Matriderm®, an acellular dermal matrix composed of collagen and elastin fibers, supports tissue regeneration, while Neoveil®, a biodegradable mesh sheet, serves as a barrier to prevent leakage and scarring. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study of 12 maxillectomy patients with oral cancer between January 2022 and May 2023 was conducted. Patient data, including tumor stage, bone invasion, and defect size, were analyzed. Surgical techniques included sinus mucosa preservation, and either buccal fat grafting combined with the double layer technique or the double layer technique alone, with statistical analysis performed using R software to evaluate outcomes. RESULTS The results indicate a 41.7% incidence rate of fistula formation with lower T stages, absence of bone invasion, smaller defect dimensions, and intact sinus mucosa correlating with reduced fistula risk (p < 0.05). Notably, no patients required fistula-related surgical revisions, validating the efficacy of the approach. CONCLUSION This study introduced a novel double-layer technique using Matriderm® and Neoveil® for closing OA/ONFs after maxillectomy. The technique demonstrated promising outcomes in addressing these post-operative complications. Lower tumor stages, no bone invasion, smaller defects, and intact sinus mucosa correlated with reduced fistula risk. This technique holds potential to enhance maxillectomy outcomes, offering a comprehensive approach to functional concerns, but warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Do
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Joon Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ik-Jae Kwon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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AlFatlawi Z, Huang M, Chau DYS, D'Aiuto F. Three dimensional (3D) gingival models in periodontal research: a systematic review. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2023; 34:58. [PMID: 37938480 PMCID: PMC10632299 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-023-06761-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to systematically appraise the evidence on available full thickness 3D gingival and mucosal models (3D culture in scaffold base system) and their application in periodontal and peri-implant research. This study involved a systematic review of twenty-two studies obtained from searching from five electronic databases: MEDLINE-OVID, EMBASE, EBSCOhost, Web of Science Core Collection and LILACS, as well as a hand search of eligible articles up to September 2022. A total of 2338 studies were initially identified, after removal of duplicates (573), abstracts/title selection (1765), and full text screening (95), twenty-two studies were included, thirty-seven models were identified. Several cellular markers were reported by the studies included. The expression of keratinocytes differentiation markers (K4, K5, K10, K13, K14, K16, K17, K18, K19, involucrin, laminin5), proliferation marker (Ki67, CD90), and vimentin, Type I, II and IV collagen produced by fibroblasts were investigated in thirty models. No quantitative analyses were performed, and results of the review confirmed a substantial level of heterogeneity across experiments. In conclusion, there is currently insufficient evidence to conclude that the available 3D gingival and mucosal models can entirely recapitulate the human gingival tissue/mucosa and provide a useful research tool for periodontal and peri-implant research. This review also highlighted the lack of a standardized protocol to construct and characterize 3D gingival models. A new protocol is proposed for the characterization of in vitro gingival models for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z AlFatlawi
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, 21 University Street, London, WC1E 6DE, UK
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - M Huang
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, 21 University Street, London, WC1E 6DE, UK
| | - D Y S Chau
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
| | - F D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, 21 University Street, London, WC1E 6DE, UK
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Adelfio M, Martin‐Moldes Z, Erndt‐Marino J, Tozzi L, Duncan MJ, Hasturk H, Kaplan DL, Ghezzi CE. Three-Dimensional Humanized Model of the Periodontal Gingival Pocket to Study Oral Microbiome. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205473. [PMID: 36825685 PMCID: PMC10131835 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The oral cavity contains distinct microenvironments that serve as oral barriers, such as the non-shedding surface of the teeth (e.g., enamel), the epithelial mucosa and gingival tissue (attached gingiva) where microbial communities coexist. The interactions and balances between these communities are responsible for oral tissue homeostasis or dysbiosis, that ultimately dictate health or disease. Disruption of this equilibrium can lead to chronic inflammation and permanent tissue damage in the case of chronic periodontitis. There are currently no experimental tissue models able to mimic the structural, physical, and metabolic conditions present in the human oral gingival tissue to support the long-term investigation of host-pathogens imbalances. Herein, the authors report an in vitro 3D anatomical gingival tissue model, fabricated from silk biopolymer by casting a replica mold of an adult human mandibular gingiva to recreate a tooth-gum unit. The model is based on human primary cultures that recapitulate physiological tissue organization, as well as a native oxygen gradient within the gingival pocket to support human subgingival plaque microbiome with a physiologically relevant level of microbial diversity up to 24 h. The modulation of inflammatory markers in the presence of oral microbiome indicates the humanized functional response of this model and establishes a new set of tools to investigate host-pathogen imbalances in gingivitis and periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Adelfio
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Massachusetts LowellLowellMA01854USA
| | | | | | - Lorenzo Tozzi
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
| | | | - Hatice Hasturk
- Center for Clinical and Translational ResearchThe Forsyth InstituteCambridgeMA02142USA
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
| | - Chiara E. Ghezzi
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Massachusetts LowellLowellMA01854USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
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Doddawad V, Shivananda S, Kalabharathi HL, Shetty A, Sowmya S, Sowmya HK. Matrix metalloproteinases in oral cancer: A catabolic activity on extracellular matrix components. BIOMEDICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH JOURNAL (BBRJ) 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_10_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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Masson-Meyers DS, Bertassoni LE, Tayebi L. Oral mucosa equivalents, prevascularization approaches, and potential applications. Connect Tissue Res 2022; 63:514-529. [PMID: 35132918 PMCID: PMC9357199 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2035375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucosa equivalents (OMEs) have been used as in vitro models (eg, for studies of human oral mucosa biology and pathology, toxicological and pharmacological tests of oral care products), and clinically to treat oral defects. However, the human oral mucosa is a highly vascularized tissue and implantation of large OMEs can fail due to a lack of vascularization. To develop equivalents that better resemble the human oral mucosa and increase the success of implantation to repair large-sized defects, efforts have been made to prevascularize these constructs. PURPOSE The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the human oral mucosa structure, common approaches for its reconstruction, and the development of OMEs, their prevascularization, and in vitro and clinical potential applications. STUDY SELECTION Articles on non-prevascularized and prevascularized OMEs were included, since the development and applications of non-prevascularized OMEs are a foundation for the design, fabrication, and optimization of prevascularized OMEs. CONCLUSIONS Several studies have reported the development and in vitro and clinical applications of OMEs and only a few were found on prevascularized OMEs using different approaches of fabrication and incorporation of endothelial cells, indicating a lack of standardized protocols to obtain these equivalents. However, these studies have shown the feasibility of prevascularizing OMEs and their implantation in animal models resulted in enhanced integration and healing. Vascularization in tissue equivalents is still a challenge, and optimization of cell culture conditions, biomaterials, and fabrication techniques along with clinical studies is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz E. Bertassoni
- School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University. Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry. Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
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Allen BN, Wang Q, Filali Y, Worthington KS, Kacmarynski DSF. Full-Thickness Oral Mucoperiosteal Defects: Challenges and Opportunities. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2022; 28:813-829. [PMID: 34409870 PMCID: PMC9469748 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative engineering strategies for the oral mucoperiosteum, as may be needed following surgeries, such as cleft palate repair and tumor resection, are underdeveloped compared with those for maxillofacial bone. However, critical-size tissue defects left to heal by secondary intention can lead to complications, such as infection, fistula formation, scarring, and midface hypoplasia. This review describes current clinical practice for replacing mucoperiosteal tissue, including autografts and allografts. Potentially paradigm-shifting experimental regenerative engineering strategies for mucoperiosteal wound healing, such as hybrid grafts and engineered matrices, are also discussed. Throughout the review, the advantages and disadvantages of each replacement or regeneration strategy are outlined in the context of clinical outcomes, quality of life for the patient, availability of materials, and cost of care. Finally, future directions for research and development in the area of mucoperiosteum repair are proposed, with an emphasis on identifying globally available and affordable solutions for promoting mucoperiosteal regeneration. Impact statement Unassisted oral mucoperiosteal wound healing can lead to severe complications such as infection, fistulae, scarring, and developmental abnormalities. Thus, strategies for promoting wound healing must be considered when mucoperiosteal defects are incident to oral surgery, as in palatoplasty or tumor resection. Emerging mucoperiosteal tissue engineering strategies, described in this study, have the potential to overcome the limitations of current standard-of-care donor tissue grafts. For example, the use of engineered mucoperiosteal biomaterials could circumvent concerns about tissue availability and immunogenicity. Moreover, employment of tissue engineering strategies may improve the equity of oral wound care by increasing global affordability and accessibility of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany N Allen
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Yassine Filali
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Kristan S Worthington
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Deborah S F Kacmarynski
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Nakai K, Tanaka H, Fukuzawa K, Nakajima J, Ozaki M, Kato N, Kawato T. Effects of Electric-Toothbrush Vibrations on the Expression of Collagen and Non-Collagen Proteins through the Focal Adhesion Kinase Signaling Pathway in Gingival Fibroblasts. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060771. [PMID: 35740896 PMCID: PMC9221308 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Electric-toothbrush vibrations, which remove plaque, are transmitted to the gingival connective tissue via epithelial cells. Physical energy affects cell function; however, the effects of electric-toothbrush vibrations on gingival extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression remain unknown. We aimed to examine the effects of these vibrations on the expression of ECM proteins—type I collagen (col I), type III collagen (col III), elastin, and fibronectin (FN)—using human gingival fibroblasts (HGnFs). HGnFs were seeded for 5 days in a six-well plate with a hydrophilic surface, exposed to electric-toothbrush vibrations, and cultured for 7 days. Subsequently, the mRNA and protein levels of col I, col III, elastin, and FN were examined. To investigate the role of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling on ECM protein expression in vibration-stimulated cells, the cells were treated with siRNA against protein tyrosine kinase (PTK). Electric-toothbrush vibrations increased col I, col III, elastin, and FN expression; promoted collagen and non-collagen protein production; and enhanced FAK phosphorylation in HGnFs. Moreover, PTK2 siRNA completely blocked the effects of these vibrations on the expression of col I, col III and elastin mRNA. The results suggest that electric-toothbrush vibrations increase collagen, elastin, and FN production through the FAK-signaling pathway in fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Nakai
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan; (H.T.); (K.F.); (M.O.); (N.K.); (T.K.)
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3219-8128
| | - Hideki Tanaka
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan; (H.T.); (K.F.); (M.O.); (N.K.); (T.K.)
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fukuzawa
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan; (H.T.); (K.F.); (M.O.); (N.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Jyunya Nakajima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan;
| | - Manami Ozaki
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan; (H.T.); (K.F.); (M.O.); (N.K.); (T.K.)
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
| | - Nobue Kato
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan; (H.T.); (K.F.); (M.O.); (N.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Takayuki Kawato
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan; (H.T.); (K.F.); (M.O.); (N.K.); (T.K.)
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
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Henn D, Chen K, Fischer K, Rauh A, Barrera JA, Kim YJ, Martin RA, Hannig M, Niedoba P, Reddy SK, Mao HQ, Kneser U, Gurtner GC, Sacks JM, Schmidt VJ. Tissue Engineering of Axially Vascularized Soft-Tissue Flaps with a Poly-(ɛ-Caprolactone) Nanofiber-Hydrogel Composite. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2020; 9:365-377. [PMID: 32587789 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2019.0975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To develop a novel approach for tissue engineering of soft-tissue flaps suitable for free microsurgical transfer, using an injectable nanofiber hydrogel composite (NHC) vascularized by an arteriovenous (AV) loop. Approach: A rat AV loop model was used for tissue engineering of vascularized soft-tissue flaps. NHC or collagen-elastin (CE) scaffolds were implanted into isolation chambers together with an AV loop and explanted after 15 days. Saphenous veins were implanted into the scaffolds as controls. Neoangiogenesis, ultrastructure, and protein expression of SYNJ2BP, EPHA2, and FOXC1 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and compared between the groups. Rheological properties were compared between the two scaffolds and native human adipose tissue. Results: A functional neovascularization was evident in NHC flaps with its amount being comparable with CE flaps. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a strong mononuclear cell infiltration along the nanofibers in NHC flaps and a trend toward higher fiber alignment compared with CE flaps. SYNJ2BP and EPHA2 expression in endothelial cells (ECs) was lower in NHC flaps compared with CE flaps, whereas FOXC1 expression was increased in NHC flaps. Compared with the stiffer CE flaps, the NHC flaps showed similar rheological properties to native human adipose tissue. Innovation: This is the first study to demonstrate the feasibility of tissue engineering of soft-tissue flaps with similar rheological properties as human fat, suitable for microsurgical transfer using an injectable nanofiber hydrogel composite. Conclusions: The injectable NHC scaffold is suitable for tissue engineering of axially vascularized soft-tissue flaps with a solid neovascularization, strong cellular infiltration, and biomechanical properties similar to human fat. Our data indicate that SYNJ2BP, EPHA2, and FOXC1 are involved in AV loop-associated angiogenesis and that the scaffold material has an impact on protein expression in ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Henn
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kellen Chen
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Katharina Fischer
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika Rauh
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Janos A. Barrera
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Yoo-Jin Kim
- Institute of Pathology, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Russell A. Martin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Niedoba
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sashank K. Reddy
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hai-Quan Mao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ulrich Kneser
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Geoffrey C. Gurtner
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Justin M. Sacks
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Volker J. Schmidt
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department for Plastic and Breast Surgery, Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark
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Bates AM, Fischer CL, Abhyankar VP, Johnson GK, Guthmiller JM, Progulske-Fox A, Brogden KA. Matrix Metalloproteinase Response of Dendritic Cell, Gingival Epithelial Keratinocyte, and T-Cell Transwell Co-Cultures Treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis Hemagglutinin-B. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123923. [PMID: 30544510 PMCID: PMC6321455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in periodontal tissue destruction. Hemagglutinin B (HagB) from the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis induces an elevated MMP response in dendritic cells, but responses from cultures of single-cell types do not reflect the local tissue environment. The objective of this study was to measure HagB-induced MMP responses in a transwell co-culture system containing dendritic cells, gingival epithelial (GE) keratinocytes, and CD4+ T-cells. Transwell co-cultures were assembled and treated with or without HagB. Immunoassays were used to determine production of MMP1, MMP7, MMP9, and MMP12 in response to HagB up to 64 h. Control responses were subtracted from HagB-induced responses. A two-way fixed effect ANOVA was fit to log-transformed concentrations and pairwise group comparisons were conducted (p < 0.05). At 64 h, dendritic cells produced elevated MMP1 and MMP9 responses, which were attenuated in the 3-cell co-culture (p < 0.05). There were also significant differences in MMP7 and MMP12 production between single-cell cultures and co-cultures. These results support the need to use multiple cell types in culture models to evaluate a more representative response to proinflammatory agonists. This three-cell transwell co-culture model may help us better understand the inflammatory process in periodontal disease and test novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M Bates
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Carol L Fischer
- Department of Biology, Waldorf University, Forest City, IA 50436, USA.
| | - Vrushali P Abhyankar
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA.
| | - Georgia K Johnson
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Janet M Guthmiller
- College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Ann Progulske-Fox
- Center for Molecular Microbiology and Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA.
| | - Kim A Brogden
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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10
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Groeger SE, Meyle J. Epithelial barrier and oral bacterial infection. Periodontol 2000 2017; 69:46-67. [PMID: 26252401 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The oral epithelial barrier separates the host from the environment and provides the first line of defense against pathogens, exogenous substances and mechanical stress. It consists of underlying connective tissue and a stratified keratinized epithelium with a basement membrane, whose cells undergo terminal differentiation resulting in the formation of a mechanically resistant surface. Gingival keratinocytes are connected by various transmembrane proteins, such as tight junctions, adherens junctions and gap junctions, each of which has a specialized structure and specific functions. Periodontal pathogens are able to induce inflammatory responses that lead to attachment loss and periodontal destruction. A number of studies have demonstrated that the characteristics of pathogenic oral bacteria influence the expression and structural integrity of different cell-cell junctions. Tissue destruction can be mediated by host cells following stimulation with cytokines and bacterial products. Keratinocytes, the main cell type in gingival epithelial tissues, express a variety of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin-1alpha, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Furthermore, the inflammatory mediators that may be secreted by oral keratinocytes are vascular endothelial growth factor, prostaglandin E2 , interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2. The protein family of matrix metalloproteinases is able to degrade all types of extracellular matrix protein, and can process a number of bioactive molecules. Matrix metalloproteinase activities under inflammatory conditions are mostly deregulated and often increased, and those mainly relevant in periodontal disease are matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 13 and 24. Viral infection may also influence the epithelial barrier. Studies show that the expression of HIV proteins in the mucosal epithelium is correlated with the disruption of epithelial tight junctions, suggesting a possible enhancement of human papilloma virus infection by HIV-associated disruption of tight junctions. Altered expression of matrix metalloproteinases was demonstrated in keratinocytes transformed with human papilloma virus-16 or papilloma virus-18,. To summarize, the oral epithelium is able to react to a variety of exogenous, possibly noxious influences.
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11
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Kinikoglu B, Damour O, Hasirci V. Tissue engineering of oral mucosa: a shared concept with skin. J Artif Organs 2014; 18:8-19. [PMID: 25326194 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-014-0798-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered oral mucosa, in the form of epithelial cell sheets or full-thickness oral mucosa equivalents, is a potential solution for many patients with congenital defects or with tissue loss due to diseases or tumor excision following a craniofacial cancer diagnosis. In the laboratory, it further serves as an in vitro model, alternative to in vivo testing of oral care products, and provides insight into the behavior of the oral mucosal cells in healthy and pathological tissues. This review covers the old and new generation scaffold types and materials used in oral mucosa engineering; discusses similarities and differences between oral mucosa and skin, the methods developed to reconstruct oral mucosal defects; and ends with future perspectives on oral mucosa engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beste Kinikoglu
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Acibadem University, 34742, Istanbul, Turkey,
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12
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Abou Neel EA, Chrzanowski W, Salih VM, Kim HW, Knowles JC. Tissue engineering in dentistry. J Dent 2014; 42:915-28. [PMID: 24880036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES of this review is to inform practitioners with the most updated information on tissue engineering and its potential applications in dentistry. DATA The authors used "PUBMED" to find relevant literature written in English and published from the beginning of tissue engineering until today. A combination of keywords was used as the search terms e.g., "tissue engineering", "approaches", "strategies" "dentistry", "dental stem cells", "dentino-pulp complex", "guided tissue regeneration", "whole tooth", "TMJ", "condyle", "salivary glands", and "oral mucosa". SOURCES Abstracts and full text articles were used to identify causes of craniofacial tissue loss, different approaches for craniofacial reconstructions, how the tissue engineering emerges, different strategies of tissue engineering, biomaterials employed for this purpose, the major attempts to engineer different dental structures, finally challenges and future of tissue engineering in dentistry. STUDY SELECTION Only those articles that dealt with the tissue engineering in dentistry were selected. CONCLUSIONS There have been a recent surge in guided tissue engineering methods to manage periodontal diseases beyond the traditional approaches. However, the predictable reconstruction of the innate organisation and function of whole teeth as well as their periodontal structures remains challenging. Despite some limited progress and minor successes, there remain distinct and important challenges in the development of reproducible and clinically safe approaches for oral tissue repair and regeneration. Clearly, there is a convincing body of evidence which confirms the need for this type of treatment, and public health data worldwide indicates a more than adequate patient resource. The future of these therapies involving more biological approaches and the use of dental tissue stem cells is promising and advancing. Also there may be a significant interest of their application and wider potential to treat disorders beyond the craniofacial region. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Considering the interests of the patients who could possibly be helped by applying stem cell-based therapies should be carefully assessed against current ethical concerns regarding the moral status of the early embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensanya Ali Abou Neel
- Division of Biomaterials, Operative and Aesthetic Department Biomaterials Division, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK.
| | - Wojciech Chrzanowski
- The University of Sydney, The Faculty of Pharmacy, NSW 2006 Sydney, Australia; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Plus NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Vehid M Salih
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK; Plymouth University Peninsula School of Medicine & Dentistry, Drake's Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, UK
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Plus NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook, University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Plus NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
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Garzón I, Miyake J, González-Andrades M, Carmona R, Carda C, Sánchez-Quevedo MDC, Campos A, Alaminos M. Wharton's jelly stem cells: a novel cell source for oral mucosa and skin epithelia regeneration. Stem Cells Transl Med 2013; 2:625-32. [PMID: 23817131 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2012-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal stem cells such as human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly stem cells (HWJSCs) are excellent candidates for tissue engineering because of their proliferation and differentiation capabilities. However, their differentiation potential into epithelial cells at in vitro and in vivo levels has not yet been reported. In this work we have studied the capability of HWJSCs to differentiate in vitro and in vivo to oral mucosa and skin epithelial cells using a bioactive three-dimensional model that mimics the native epithelial-mesenchymal interaction. To achieve this, primary cell cultures of HWJSCs, oral mucosa, and skin fibroblasts were obtained in order to generate a three-dimensional heterotypical model of artificial oral mucosa and skin based on fibrin-agarose biomaterials. Our results showed that the cells were unable to fully differentiate to epithelial cells in vitro. Nevertheless, in vivo grafting of the bioactive three-dimensional models demonstrated that HWJSCs were able to stratify and to express typical markers of epithelial differentiation, such as cytokeratins 1, 4, 8, and 13, plakoglobin, filaggrin, and involucrin, showing specific surface patterns. Electron microscopy analysis confirmed the presence of epithelial cell-like layers and well-formed cell-cell junctions. These results suggest that HWJSCs have the potential to differentiate to oral mucosa and skin epithelial cells in vivo and could be an appropriate novel cell source for the development of human oral mucosa and skin in tissue engineering protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Garzón
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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