1
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Pedraza N, Monserrat MV, Ferrezuelo F, Torres-Rosell J, Colomina N, Miguez-Cabello F, Párraga JP, Soto D, López-Merino E, García-Vilela C, Esteban JA, Egea J, Garí E. Cyclin D1-Cdk4 regulates neuronal activity through phosphorylation of GABAA receptors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:280. [PMID: 37684532 PMCID: PMC10491536 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04920-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear Cyclin D1 (Ccnd1) is a main regulator of cell cycle progression and cell proliferation. Interestingly, Ccnd1 moves to the cytoplasm at the onset of differentiation in neuronal precursors. However, cytoplasmic functions and targets of Ccnd1 in post-mitotic neurons are unknown. Here we identify the α4 subunit of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptors (GABAARs) as an interactor and target of Ccnd1-Cdk4. Ccnd1 binds to an intracellular loop in α4 and, together with Cdk4, phosphorylates the α4 subunit at threonine 423 and serine 431. These modifications upregulate α4 surface levels, increasing the response of α4-containing GABAARs, measured in whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. In agreement with this role of Ccnd1-Cdk4 in neuronal signalling, inhibition of Cdk4 or expression of the non-phosphorylatable α4 decreases synaptic and extra-synaptic currents in the hippocampus of newborn rats. Moreover, according to α4 functions in synaptic pruning, CCND1 knockout mice display an altered pattern of dendritic spines that is rescued by the phosphomimetic α4. Overall, our findings molecularly link Ccnd1-Cdk4 to GABAARs activity in the central nervous system and highlight a novel role for this G1 cyclin in neuronal signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Pedraza
- Cell Cycle, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Ma Ventura Monserrat
- Cell Cycle, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Francisco Ferrezuelo
- Cell Cycle, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jordi Torres-Rosell
- Cell Cycle, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Neus Colomina
- Cell Cycle, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Federico Miguez-Cabello
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Picañol Párraga
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Soto
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esperanza López-Merino
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa', Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia García-Vilela
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa', Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Esteban
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa', Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Egea
- Molecular and Developmental Neurobiology, Dept. Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida/IRBLLEIDA, Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Eloi Garí
- Cell Cycle, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
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2
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Yahya G, Pérez AP, Mendoza MB, Parisi E, Moreno DF, Artés MH, Gallego C, Aldea M. Stress granules display bistable dynamics modulated by Cdk. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211705. [PMID: 33480968 PMCID: PMC7836273 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202005102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are conserved biomolecular condensates that originate in response to many stress conditions. These membraneless organelles contain nontranslating mRNAs and a diverse subproteome, but our knowledge of their regulation and functional relevance is still incipient. Here, we describe a mutual-inhibition interplay between SGs and Cdc28, the budding yeast Cdk. Among Cdc28 interactors acting as negative modulators of Start, we have identified Whi8, an RNA-binding protein that localizes to SGs and recruits the mRNA of CLN3, the most upstream G1 cyclin, for efficient translation inhibition and Cdk inactivation under stress. However, Whi8 also contributes to recruiting Cdc28 to SGs, where it acts to promote their dissolution. As predicted by a mutual-inhibition framework, the SG constitutes a bistable system that is modulated by Cdk. Since mammalian cells display a homologous mechanism, we propose that the opposing functions of specific mRNA-binding proteins and Cdk’s subjugate SG dynamics to a conserved hysteretic switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galal Yahya
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Alexis P Pérez
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica B Mendoza
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eva Parisi
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Catalonia, Spain
| | - David F Moreno
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta H Artés
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carme Gallego
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Martí Aldea
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Sagot I, Laporte D. The cell biology of quiescent yeast – a diversity of individual scenarios. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:132/1/jcs213025. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.213025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Most cells, from unicellular to complex organisms, spend part of their life in quiescence, a temporary non-proliferating state. Although central for a variety of essential processes including tissue homeostasis, development and aging, quiescence is poorly understood. In fact, quiescence encompasses various cellular situations depending on the cell type and the environmental niche. Quiescent cell properties also evolve with time, adding another layer of complexity. Studying quiescence is, above all, limited by the fact that a quiescent cell can be recognized as such only after having proved that it is capable of re-proliferating. Recent cellular biology studies in yeast have reported the relocalization of hundreds of proteins and the reorganization of several cellular machineries upon proliferation cessation. These works have revealed that quiescent cells can display various properties, shedding light on a plethora of individual behaviors. The deciphering of the molecular mechanisms beyond these reorganizations, together with the understanding of their cellular functions, have begun to provide insights into the physiology of quiescent cells. In this Review, we discuss recent findings and emerging concepts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae quiescent cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Sagot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux-Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR5095-33077 Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Damien Laporte
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux-Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR5095-33077 Bordeaux cedex, France
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4
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Aziz K, Sieben CJ, Jeganathan KB, Hamada M, Davies BA, Velasco ROF, Rahman N, Katzmann DJ, van Deursen JM. Mosaic-variegated aneuploidy syndrome mutation or haploinsufficiency in Cep57 impairs tumor suppression. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:3517-3534. [PMID: 30035751 PMCID: PMC6063474 DOI: 10.1172/jci120316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A homozygous truncating frameshift mutation in CEP57 (CEP57T/T) has been identified in a subset of mosaic-variegated aneuploidy (MVA) patients; however, the physiological roles of the centrosome-associated protein CEP57 that contribute to disease are unknown. To investigate these, we have generated a mouse model mimicking this disease mutation. Cep57T/T mice died within 24 hours after birth with short, curly tails and severely impaired vertebral ossification. Osteoblasts in lumbosacral vertebrae of Cep57T/T mice were deficient for Fgf2, a Cep57 binding partner implicated in diverse biological processes, including bone formation. Furthermore, a broad spectrum of tissues of Cep57T/T mice had severe aneuploidy at birth, consistent with the MVA patient phenotype. Cep57T/T mouse embryonic fibroblasts and patient-derived skin fibroblasts failed to undergo centrosome maturation in G2 phase, causing premature centriole disjunction, centrosome amplification, aberrant spindle formation, and high rates of chromosome missegregation. Mice heterozygous for the truncating frameshift mutation or a Cep57-null allele were overtly indistinguishable from WT mice despite reduced Cep57 protein levels, yet prone to aneuploidization and cancer, with tumors lacking evidence for loss of heterozygosity. This study identifies Cep57 as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor with biologically diverse roles in centrosome maturation and Fgf2-mediated bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Aziz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | | | - Karthik B. Jeganathan
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Masakazu Hamada
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | - Nazneen Rahman
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jan M. van Deursen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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5
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Parisi E, Yahya G, Flores A, Aldea M. Cdc48/p97 segregase is modulated by cyclin-dependent kinase to determine cyclin fate during G1 progression. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201798724. [PMID: 29950310 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201798724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells sense myriad signals during G1, and a rapid response to prevent cell cycle entry is of crucial importance for proper development and adaptation. Cln3, the most upstream G1 cyclin in budding yeast, is an extremely short-lived protein subject to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. On the other hand, nuclear accumulation of Cln3 depends on chaperones that are also important for its degradation. However, how these processes are intertwined to control G1-cyclin fate is not well understood. Here, we show that Cln3 undergoes a challenging ubiquitination step required for both degradation and full activation. Segregase Cdc48/p97 prevents degradation of ubiquitinated Cln3, and concurrently stimulates its ER release and nuclear accumulation to trigger Start. Cdc48/p97 phosphorylation at conserved Cdk-target sites is important for recruitment of specific cofactors and, in both yeast and mammalian cells, to attain proper G1-cyclin levels and activity. Cdk-dependent modulation of Cdc48 would subjugate G1 cyclins to fast and reversible state switching, thus arresting cells promptly in G1 at developmental or environmental checkpoints, but also resuming G1 progression immediately after proliferative signals reappear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Parisi
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona IBMB-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Galal Yahya
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona IBMB-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Alba Flores
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona IBMB-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Martí Aldea
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona IBMB-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain .,Departament de Ciències Bàsiques, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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6
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Zhang M, Duan T, Wang L, Tang J, Luo R, Zhang R, Kang T. Low expression of centrosomal protein 78 (CEP78) is associated with poor prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2016; 35:62. [PMID: 27357513 PMCID: PMC4928268 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-016-0121-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Centrosomal protein 78 (CEP78) has been characterized as a component of the centrosome required for the regulation of centrosome-related events during the cell cycle, but its role in human cancers remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role and the clinical value of CEP78 in colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were performed to examine CEP78 expression in CRC tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues. The association between CEP78 expression and clinical outcomes of CRC patients was determined. The effect of CEP78 on cell growth was examined in vitro by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony formation, and flow cytometry assays and in vivo using a nude mouse model. Results The expression level of CEP78 was significantly lower in tumor tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.01). Low CEP78 expression was significantly associated with poor differentiation (P = 0.003), large tumor size (P = 0.017), lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.034), distant metastasis (P = 0.029), and advanced stage (P = 0.011). Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated that patients with low CEP78 expression had shorter survival than those with high CEP78 expression (P < 0.01). Overexpression of CEP78 in CRC cells significantly reduced cell viability and colony formation in vitro and halted tumor growth in vivo. Further study showed that CEP78 reintroduction in CRC cells resulted in G2/M phase arrest rather than cell apoptosis. Conclusions CEP78 might function as a tumor suppressor and serve as a novel prognostic marker in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Tingmei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Research Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Research Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Research Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Rongzhen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ruhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Research Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Tiebang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. .,Research Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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7
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Mang J, Korzeniewski N, Dietrich D, Sailer V, Tolstov Y, Searcy S, von Hardenberg J, Perner S, Kristiansen G, Marx A, Roth W, Herpel E, Grüllich C, Popeneciu V, Pahernik S, Hadaschik B, Hohenfellner M, Duensing S. Prognostic Significance and Functional Role of CEP57 in Prostate Cancer. Transl Oncol 2015; 8:487-96. [PMID: 26692530 PMCID: PMC4700294 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that centrosomal protein 57 (CEP57) is overexpressed in a subset of human prostate cancers. CEP57 is involved in intracellular transport processes, and its overexpression causes mitotic defects as well as abnormal microtubule nucleation and bundling. In the present study, we further characterized the prognostic and functional role of CEP57 in prostate cancer. Unexpectedly, we found that high CEP57 expression is an independent prognostic factor for a more favorable biochemical recurrence-free survival in two large patient cohorts. To reconcile this finding with the ability of CEP57 to cause cell division errors and thus potentially promote malignant progression, we hypothesized that alterations of microtubule-associated transport processes, in particular nuclear translocation of the androgen receptor (AR), may play a role in our finding. However, CEP57 overexpression and microtubule bundling had, surprisingly, no effect on the nuclear translocation of the AR. Instead, we found a significant increase of cells with disarranged microtubules and a cellular morphology suggestive of a cytokinesis defect. Because mitotic dysfunction leads to a reduced daughter cell formation, it can explain the survival benefit of patients with increased CEP57 expression. In contrast, we show that a reduced expression of CEP57 is associated with malignant growth and metastasis. Taken together, our findings underscore that high CEP57 expression is associated with mitotic impairment and less aggressive tumor behavior. Because the CEP57-induced microtubule stabilization had no detectable effect on AR nuclear translocation, our results furthermore suggest that microtubule-targeting therapeutics used in advanced prostate cancer such as docetaxel may have modes of action that are at least in part independent of AR transport inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Mang
- Molecular Urooncology, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 517, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nina Korzeniewski
- Molecular Urooncology, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 517, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dimo Dietrich
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bonn School of Medicine, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, D-53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Verena Sailer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bonn School of Medicine, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, D-53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Yanis Tolstov
- Molecular Urooncology, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 517, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sam Searcy
- Molecular Urooncology, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 517, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jost von Hardenberg
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sven Perner
- Pathology Network of the University Hospital of Lübeck and Leibniz Research Center Borstel, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bonn School of Medicine, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, D-53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Marx
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wilfried Roth
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg School of Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Esther Herpel
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg School of Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Tissue Bank of the National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 220/221, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Grüllich
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Department of Medical Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Valentin Popeneciu
- Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg School of Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sascha Pahernik
- Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg School of Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Boris Hadaschik
- Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg School of Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Hohenfellner
- Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg School of Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Duensing
- Molecular Urooncology, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 517, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg School of Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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8
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FRK suppresses the proliferation of human glioma cells by inhibiting cyclin D1 nuclear accumulation. J Neurooncol 2014; 119:49-58. [PMID: 24792491 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-014-1461-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The Fyn related kinase (FRK) is a noteworthy member of the Src non-receptor tyrosine kinase family for its distinctive tumor suppressive function. Recently, we have shown that FRK plays a protective role against the progression of glioma by suppressing cell migration and invasion. However, it is unclear whether the cell growth of glioma is also regulated by FRK and by which mechanism FRK alters its specific biological functions. In the current study, we found that FRK over-expression significantly suppressed the proliferation of glioma cells. In contrast, FRK knockdown by siRNA promoted glioma cell growth. In addition, FRK over-expression caused G1 phase arrest as well as apoptosis of glioma cells. Further investigation disclosed that FRK-induced G1 arrest was accompanied by down-regulation of hyperphosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (pRb), which led to the consequent suppression of E2F1. More importantly, we found that over-expression of FRK inhibited proper cyclin D1 accumulation in the nucleus of proliferating cells. Taken together, our results demonstrate a combined mechanism for the anti-proliferative effects of FRK by inhibiting cyclin D1 nucleus accumulation and pRb phosphorylation in glioma cells.
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Fernández-Hernández R, Rafel M, Fusté NP, Aguayo RS, Casanova JM, Egea J, Ferrezuelo F, Garí E. Cyclin D1 localizes in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes during skin differentiation and regulates cell-matrix adhesion. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:2510-7. [PMID: 23839032 DOI: 10.4161/cc.25590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of Cyclin D1 (CycD1) has been widely studied in the cell nucleus as a regulatory subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinases Cdk4/6 involved in the control of proliferation and development in mammals. CycD1 has been also localized in the cytoplasm, where its function nevertheless is poorly characterized. In this work we have observed that in normal skin as well as in primary cultures of human keratinocytes, cytoplasmic localization of CycD1 correlated with the degree of differentiation of the keratinocyte. In these conditions, CycD1 co-localized in cytoplasmic foci with exocyst components (Sec6) and regulators (RalA), and with β1 integrin, suggesting a role for CycD1 in the regulation of keratinocyte adhesion during differentiation. Consistent with this hypothesis, CycD1 overexpression increased β1 integrin recycling and drastically reduced the ability of keratinocytes to adhere to the extracellular matrix. We propose that localization of CycD1 in the cytoplasm during skin differentiation could be related to the changes in detachment ability of keratinocytes committed to differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Fernández-Hernández
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Universitat de Lleida; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida); Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
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