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Rahnama R, Mahmoudi AR, Kazemnejad S, Salehi M, Ghahiri A, Soltanghoraee H, Vafaei S, Rezaei A, Zarnani AH. Thyroid peroxidase in human endometrium and placenta: a potential target for anti-TPO antibodies. Clin Exp Med 2020; 21:79-88. [PMID: 32980989 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00663-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid disease is the most common endocrine disorder during pregnancy. Thyroid autoantibodies (TAs) have been suggested to serve a role in implantation failure and spontaneous abortion. Until now, there are no data on the potential interaction of TAs with human reproductive organs. Here, we set out for the first time to test this hypothesis by studying the expression of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) at gene and protein level in human reproductive organs. Endometrial samples were taken from normal women, and placenta tissues were collected after full-term caesarian section. Expression of TPO messenger RNA (mRNA) was investigated by qRT-PCR. In addition, polyclonal anti-TPO antibodies were produced and the expression of TPO protein in mentioned tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. The reactivity of anti-TPO antibody in human embryos was evaluated by immunofluorescent staining. For the first time, our study showed that TPO is expressed at gene and protein levels in endometrium and placenta. TPO expression was mainly localized to glandular and luminal epithelial cells in the endometrium. In placenta, the syncytiotrophoblasts and invasive trophoblast cells were the main cell types that expressed TPO protein. Specific band of approximately 110 kDa was observed in all endometrial and placental tissues by Western blot analysis. However, no expression of TPO protein was observed in human embryo. TPO expression in endometrium and placenta may explain higher frequency of abortion and infertility in patients with thyroid autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhane Rahnama
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad-Reza Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Kazemnejad
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Salehi
- Department of Genetic, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ataollah Ghahiri
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Al-Zahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Haleh Soltanghoraee
- Avicenna Infertility Clinic, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Vafaei
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Amir Hassan Zarnani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Immunology Research Center (IRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Placenta-specific1 (PLAC1) is a potential target for antibody-drug conjugate-based prostate cancer immunotherapy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13373. [PMID: 29042604 PMCID: PMC5645454 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our recent findings strongly support the idea of PLAC1 being as a potential immunotherapeutic target in prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we have generated and evaluated an anti-placenta-specific1 (PLAC1)-based antibody drug conjugate (ADC) for targeted immunotherapy of PCa. Prostate cancer cells express considerable levels of PLAC1. The Anti-PLAC1 clone, 2H12C12, showed high reactivity with recombinant PLAC1 and selectivity recognized PLAC1 in prostate cancer cells but not in LS180 cells, the negative control. PLAC1 binding induced rapid internalization of the antibody within a few minutes which reached to about 50% after 15 min and almost completed within an hour. After SN38 conjugation to antibody, a drug-antibody ratio (DAR) of about 5.5 was achieved without apparent negative effect on antibody affinity to cell surface antigen. The ADC retained intrinsic antibody activity and showed enhanced and selective cytotoxicity with an IC50 of 62 nM which was about 15-fold lower compared to free drug. Anti-PLAC1-ADC induced apoptosis in human primary prostate cancer cells and prostate cell lines. No apparent cytotoxic effect was observed in in vivo animal safety experiments. Our newly developed anti-PLAC1-based ADCs might pave the way for a reliable, efficient, and novel immunotherapeutic modality for patients with PCa.
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Shahbazi M, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Zareie M, Salek-Moghaddam A, Akhondi M, Bahmanpoor M, Sadeghi M, Zarnani A. Expression profiling of vitamin D receptor in placenta, decidua and ovary of pregnant mice. Placenta 2011; 32:657-664. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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