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Samatadze TE, Badaeva ED, Popov KV, Bolsheva NL, Levinskikh MA, Sychev VN, Amosova AV, Zoshchuk SA, Yurkevich OY, Muravenko OV. “Space” Pea Pisum sativum L. and Wheat Triticum compactum Host. Plants as Objects of Cytogenetic Studies. BIOL BULL+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359018060110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Dou Q, Liu R, Yu F. Chromosomal organization of repetitive DNAs in Hordeum bogdanii and H. brevisubulatum (Poaceae). COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2016; 10:465-481. [PMID: 28123672 PMCID: PMC5240503 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v10i4.9666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Molecular karyotypes of Hordeum bogdanii Wilensky, 1918 (2n = 14), and Hordeum brevisubulatum Link, 1844 ssp. brevisubulatum (2n = 28), were characterized by physical mapping of several repetitive sequences. A total of 18 repeats, including all possible di- or trinucleotide SSR (simple sequence repeat) motifs and satellite DNAs, such as pAs1, 5S rDNA, 45S rDNA, and pSc119.2, were used as probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization on root-tip metaphase chromosomes. Except for the SSR motifs AG, AT and GC, all the repeats we examined produced detectable hybridization signals on chromosomes of both species. A detailed molecular karyotype of the I genome of Hordeum bogdanii is described for the first time, and each repetitive sequence is physically mapped. A high degree of chromosome variation, including aneuploidy and structural changes, was observed in Hordeum brevisubulatum. Although the distribution of repeats in the chromosomes of Hordeum brevisubulatum is different from that of Hordeum bogdanii, similar patterns between the two species imply that the autopolyploid origin of Hordeum brevisubulatum is from a Hordeum species with an I genome. A comparison of the I genome and the other Hordeum genomes, H, Xa and Xu, shows that colocalization of motifs AAC, ACT and CAT and colocalization of motifs AAG and AGG are characteristic of the I genome. In addition, we discuss the evolutionary significance of repeats in the genome during genome differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanwen Dou
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
| | - Ruijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niels Jacobsen
- Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University; Copenhagen Denmark
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Brassac J, Blattner FR. Species-Level Phylogeny and Polyploid Relationships in Hordeum (Poaceae) Inferred by Next-Generation Sequencing and In Silico Cloning of Multiple Nuclear Loci. Syst Biol 2015; 64:792-808. [PMID: 26048340 PMCID: PMC4538882 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syv035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyploidization is an important speciation mechanism in the barley genus Hordeum. To analyze evolutionary changes after allopolyploidization, knowledge of parental relationships is essential. One chloroplast and 12 nuclear single-copy loci were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in all Hordeum plus six out-group species. Amplicons from each of 96 individuals were pooled, sheared, labeled with individual-specific barcodes and sequenced in a single run on a 454 platform. Reference sequences were obtained by cloning and Sanger sequencing of all loci for nine supplementary individuals. The 454 reads were assembled into contigs representing the 13 loci and, for polyploids, also homoeologues. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted for all loci separately and for a concatenated data matrix of all loci. For diploid taxa, a Bayesian concordance analysis and a coalescent-based dated species tree was inferred from all gene trees. Chloroplast matK was used to determine the maternal parent in allopolyploid taxa. The relative performance of different multilocus analyses in the presence of incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization was also assessed. The resulting multilocus phylogeny reveals for the first time species phylogeny and progenitor-derivative relationships of all di- and polyploid Hordeum taxa within a single analysis. Our study proves that it is possible to obtain a multilocus species-level phylogeny for di- and polyploid taxa by combining PCR with next-generation sequencing, without cloning and without creating a heavy load of sequence data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Brassac
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany;
| | - Frank R Blattner
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Sun G, Pourkheirandish M, Komatsuda T. Molecular evolution and phylogeny of the RPB2 gene in the genus Hordeum. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2009; 103:975-83. [PMID: 19213797 PMCID: PMC2707890 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcp020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It is known that the miniature inverted-repeat terminal element (MITE) preferentially inserts into low-copy-number sequences or genic regions. Characterization of the second largest subunit of low-copy nuclear RNA polymerase II (RPB2) has indicated that MITE and indels have shaped the homoeologous RPB2 loci in the St and H genome of Eymus species in Triticeae. The aims of this study was to determine if there is MITE in the RPB2 gene in Hordeum genomes, and to compare the gene evolution of RPB2 with other diploid Triticeae species. The sequences were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of the genus Hordeum. METHODS RPB2 regions from all diploid species of Hordeum, one tetraploid species (H. brevisubulatum) and ten accessions of diploid Triticeae species were amplified and sequenced. Parsimony analysis of the DNA dataset was performed in order to reveal the phylogeny of Hordeum species. KEY RESULTS MITE was detected in the Xu genome. A 27-36 bp indel sequence was found in the I and Xu genome, but deleted in the Xa and some H genome species. Interestingly, the indel length in H genomes corresponds well to their geographical distribution. Phylogenetic analysis of the RPB2 sequences positioned the H and Xa genome in one monophyletic group. The I and Xu genomes are distinctly separated from the H and Xa ones. The RPB2 data also separated all New World H genome species except H. patagonicum ssp. patagonicum from the Old World H genome species. CONCLUSIONS MITE and large indels have shaped the RPB2 loci between the Xu and H, I and Xa genomes. The phylogenetic analysis of the RPB2 sequences confirmed the monophyly of Hordeum. The maximum-parsimony analysis demonstrated the four genomes to be subdivided into two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genlou Sun
- Biology Department, Saint Mary's University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada.
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LINDE-LAURSEN IB, BOTHMER ROLANDVON, JACOBSEN NIELS. Giemsa C-banded karyotypes of South and Central American Hordeum (Poaceae):. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1990.tb00047.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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8
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LINDE-LAURSEN IB, BOTHMER ROLANDVON, JACOBSEN NIELS. Giemsa C-banded karyotypes of South American Hordeum (Poaceae): I. 14 diploid taxa. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1989.tb00791.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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von Bothmer R, Flink J, Jacobsen N, Kotimäki M, Landström T. Interspecific hybridization with cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Hereditas 2008; 99:219-44. [PMID: 6668209 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1983.tb00895.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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LINDE-LAURSEN IB, FREDERIKSEN SIGNE. Giemsa C-banded karyotypes of three subspecies of Taeniatherum caput-medusae and of two intergeneric hybrids with Psathyrostachys spp. (Poaceae). Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1989.tb00790.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Zeng J, Cao G, Liu J, Zhang HQ, Zhou YH. C-banding analysis of eight species ofKengyilia (Poaceae: Triticeae). J Appl Genet 2008; 49:11-21. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03195244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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LAURSEN IBLINDE, BOTHMER ROLANDVON. Giemsa C-banding in two polyploid, South American Hordeum species, H. tetraploidum and H. lechleri, and their aneuploid hybrids with H. vulgare. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1986.tb00658.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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JØRGENSEN RIKKEBAGGER, BOTHMER ROLANDVON. Haploids of Hordeum vulgare and H. marinum from crosses between the two species. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1988.tb00302.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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17
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LINDE-LAURSEN IB, BOTHMER ROLANDVON, JACOBSEN NIELS. Giemsa C-banded karyotypes of Hordeum secalinum, H. capense and their interspecific hybrids with H. vulgare. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1986.tb00659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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18
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LINDE-LAURSEN IB, BOTHMER ROLANDVON, JACOBSEN NIELS. Relationships in the genus Horde urn: Giemsa C-banded karyotypes. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1992.tb00808.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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JÖRGENSEN RIKKEBAGGER. Relationships in the barley genus (Hordeum): An electrophoretic examination of proteins. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1986.tb00541.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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21
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BOTHMER ROLAND, LINDE-LAURSEN IB. Backcrosses to cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgareh.) and partial elimination of alien chromosomes. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1989.tb00388.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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22
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LINDE-LAURSEN IB, JENSEN JENS. Separate location of parental chromosomes in squashed metaphases of hybrids between Hordeum vulgare L. and four polyploid, alien species. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1984.tb00106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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23
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JENSEN JENS, LINDE-LAURSEN IB. Statistical evaluation of length measurements on barley chromosomes with a proposal for a new nomenclature for symbols and positions of cytological markers. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1992.tb00007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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LINDE-LAURSEN IB, FREDERIKSEN SIGNE. Comparison of the Giemsa C-banded karyotypes of Dasy-pyrum villosum (2x) and D. breviaristatum (4x) from Greece. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1991.tb00330.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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LINDE-LAURSEN IB, BOTHMER ROLANDVON, JACOBSEN NIELS. Relationships in the genus Hordeum: Giemsa C-banded karyotypes. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1992.tb00213.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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26
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Asghari-Zakaria R. Karyotype and C-banding patterns of mitotic chromosomes in Heteranthelium piliferum. Pak J Biol Sci 2007; 10:4160-3. [PMID: 19090300 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.4160.4163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The C-banded karyotype of Heteranthelium piliferum species was studied in a natural population from northwest of Iran using aceto-iron-hematoxilin staining and C-banding technique. Chromosome measurements including long arm, short arm and chromosome lengths, arm ratio index, relative chromosome length, heterochromatin percent per chromosome and per chromosome set were made. It was revealed that the karyotype of this species is symmetric and consists of 7 pairs of metacentric chromosomes. Arm ratio index values ranged from 1.01 in chromosome G to 1.44 in chromosome D. One of the chromosomes had a satellite located on the end of its long arm (chromosome G). The Q genome of this species like A, B, D, S, M and M, genomes in diploid species of Aegilops-Trticum group, H genome in Hordeum, E genome in Agropyron and R genome in Secale has metacentric or sub-metacentric chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasool Asghari-Zakaria
- Department of Crop Production and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil 179, Iran
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El-Bakatoushi R, Richards AJ. Karyological Variation between Two Taxa of Plantago major L., ssp. major and ssp. intermedia (Gilib.) Lange. CYTOLOGIA 2005. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.70.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. El-Bakatoushi
- Biology department, Faculty of Education, University of Alexandria
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Linde-Laursen I, Bothmer RV. Aberrant Meiotic Divisions in a Hordeum lechleri×H. vulgare Hybrid. Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1993.00145.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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29
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Chapco W. Theoretical Limits on the Number of Electrophoretic Fragments Generated by the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Method. Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1995.00179.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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30
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Linde-Laursen I, Baden C. Giemsa C-Banded Karyotypes of two Cytotypes (2x, 4x) of Psathyrostachys Lanuginosa (Poaceae; Triticeae). Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1994.00113.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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31
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Linde-Laursen I, Schrader O, Zerneke F. Chromosomal Constitution of Rye (Secale Cereale) - Hordeum Chilense Addition Lines. Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1993.00021.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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32
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Linde-Laursen I, Frederiksen S, Seberg O. The Giemsa C-banded Karyotype of Crithopsis Delileana (Poaceae; Triticeae). Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1999.00051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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33
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Bothmer R, Salomon B, Linde-Laursen I. Chromosome Pairing Patterns in Interspecific Hovdeum Lechleri × H. Vulgare (Cultivated Barley) Hybrids with 2n = 21-29. Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1999.00109.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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34
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Linde-Laursen I, Seberg O. The Karyotype of Elymus Mendodnus (Poaceae; Triticeae) from Argentina studied by Banding Techniques. Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1999.00247.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Baum BR, Johnson DA. A comparison of the 5S rDNA diversity in theHordeum brachyantherumcalifornicumcomplex with those of the eastern AsiaticHordeum roshevitziiand the South AmericanHordeum cordobense(Triticeae: Poaceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1139/b02-057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Amplification of the 5S rDNA gene by the polymerase chain reaction, followed by cloning and sequencing, was used to generate data from 23 seed accessions of Hordeum brachyantherum Nevski, Hordeum californicum Covas et Stebbins, Hordeum cordobense Bothmer, Jacobsen et Nicora, and Hordeum roshevitzii Bowden. One hundred and fourteen clones were analyzed, resulting in the detection of four different 5S DNA unit classes. Three of them, long H1, long H2, and long Y2, had been previously reported. The long H3 class, described for the first time, is present only in H. roshevitzii but can be grouped with previously unassigned units of Hordeum bulbosum L. and Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch. Based upon the analyses of 5S rDNA sequences, we found that (i) the long H2 unit class was not found in the Asiatic H. roshevitzii and therefore may be restricted to the American species, (ii) there is no strong support that H. brachyantherum and H. californicum are worthy of species recognition, and (iii) cladistic analysis of the consensus sequences of the four paralogous unit classes demonstrated that long Y2 is the most distant from the three long H classes.Key words: 5S DNA gene, Hordeum, unit classes.
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Linde-Laursen IB, Seberg O. Karyotypes of Elymus scabrifolius (Poaceae: Triticeae) from South America studied by banding techniques and in situ hybridization. Hereditas 2002; 135:41-50. [PMID: 12035613 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2001.00041.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Karyotypes of 4 accessions of Elymus scabrifolius (2n = 4x = 28) were investigated by Giemsa C- and N-banding, GAA-banding (one accession), AgNO3-staining and in situ hybridization with the rDNA probe pTa71. Two additional accessions were studied in less detail. The chromosomes were large (9-14 microns). The complements included 11 pairs of metacentrics, one with conspicuous satellites on the short arms, and 3 pairs of submetacentrics. Two of 4 accessions from Eastern Argentina and Uruguay had minute or small satellites on a submetacentric pair. No such satellites were observed in the other two accessions. In two accessions from the Cordoba province, a non-homologous submetacentric pair had very long satellites. AgNO3-staining established the presence of 4 nucleoli, two larger and two small ones, in 5 accessions. The C-banding patterns comprised from one to 12 conspicuous bands per chromosome at no preferential positions. The amount of constitutive heterochromatin (19-21%) was the highest hitherto established in the Triticeae. Similarities in banding patterns and chromosome morphology identified homologous and discriminated between non-homologous chromosomes within and, except for two chromosomes, between plants. Heteromorphic chromosome pairs were identified in satellite-carrying chromosomes only. N-banding produced conspicuous bands overall at the same positions as C-banding. GAA-banding patterns were similar to N-banding patterns. The rDNA probe hybridized to chromosome segments at nucleolar constrictions only. The production of C- and N-banding patterns in both genomes of E. scabrifolius suggests the presence of two H genomes and the absence of the pivotal St genome of Elymus. On account of the uncertain identity of one genome, and the overall similar gross morphology of E. scabrifolius and other tetraploid South American species referred to Elymus, E. scabrifolius is retained in Elymus.
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Affiliation(s)
- I B Linde-Laursen
- Botanical Section, Department of Ecology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Interspecific Hybrids within the Genus Hordeum. CHROMOSOME ENGINEERING IN PLANTS: GENETICS, BREEDING, EVOLUTION, PART A 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-88259-2.50024-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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38
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Jørgensen RB, Andersen B. Karyotype analysis of regenerated plants from callus cultures of interspecific hybrids of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1989; 77:343-351. [PMID: 24232611 DOI: 10.1007/bf00305826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/1988] [Accepted: 11/28/1988] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The karyotype of 82 regenerated plants from callus cultures of interspecific hybrids between cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and seven polyploid wild barley species was examined by C-banding or Feulgen staining. The karyotypic changes observed in 46 plants included aneuploidy, double haploidy, amphidiploidy, deletions, inversions, extra C-bands, and extra euchromatic segments. Apparently, chromosome 5, 6, and 7 of H. vulgare were more frequently exposed to elimination or structural change than the other chromosomes of this species. Irradiation of calli seemed to enhance the occurrence of karyotypic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Jørgensen
- Agricultural Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
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Linde-Laursen I, von Bothmer R. Elimination and duplication of particular Hordeum vulgare chromosomes in aneuploid interspecific Hordeum hybrids. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1988; 76:897-908. [PMID: 24232402 DOI: 10.1007/bf00273679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/1988] [Accepted: 05/25/1988] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Seeds formed in crosses Hordeum lechleri (6x) x H. vulgare (2x and 4x), H. arizonicum (6x) x H. v. (2x), H. parodii (6x) x H. v. (2x), and H. tetraploidum (4x) x H. v. (2x) produced plants at high or rather high frequencies through embryo rescue. Giemsa C-banding patterns were used to analyze chromosomal constitutions and chromosomal locations on the methaphase plate. Among 100 plants obtained from H. vulgare (2x) crosses, 32 plants were aneuploid with 2n=29 (1), 28 (3), 27 (13), 26 (5), 25 (4), 24 (4), or 22 (2); 50 were euploid (12 analyzed), and 18 were polyhaploid (5 analyzed). Four plants had two sectors differing in chromosome number. Two of four hybrids with H. vulgare (4x) were euploid and two were aneuploid. Parental genomes were concentrically arranged with that of H. vulgare always found closest to the metaphase centre. Many plants showed a certain level of intraplant variation in chromosome numbers. Except for one H. vulgare (4x) hybrids, this variation was restricted to peripherally located non-H. vulgare genomes. This may reflect a less firm attachment of the chromosomes from these genomes to the spindle. Interplant variation in chromosome numbers was due to the permanent elimination or, far less common, duplication of the centrally located H. vulgare chromosomes in all 34 aneuploids, and in a few also to loss/gain of non-H, vulgare chromosomes. This selective elimination of chromosomes of the centrally located genome contrasts conditions found in diploid interspecific hybrids, which eliminate the peripherally located genome. The difference is attributed to changed "genomic ratios'. Derivatives of various H. vulgare lines were differently distributed among euploid hybrids, aneuploids, and polyhaploids. Chromosomal constitutions of hypoploid hybrids revealed a preferential elimination of H. vulgare chromosomes 1, 5, 6, and 7, but did not support the idea that H. vulgare chromosomes should be lost in a specific order. H. vulgare SAT-chromosomes 6 and 7 showed nucleolar dominance. Aneuploidy is ascribed to the same chromosome elimination mechanism that produces haploids in cross-combinations with H. vulgare (2x). The findings have implications for the utilization of interspecific Hordeum hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Linde-Laursen
- Agricultural Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
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von Bothmer R, Bengtsson M, Flink J, Linde-Laursen I. Complex interspecific hybridization in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and the possible occurrence of apomixis. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1988; 76:681-690. [PMID: 24232345 DOI: 10.1007/bf00303513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/1988] [Accepted: 05/25/1988] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Several complex hybrids were produced from the combination [(Hordeum lechleri, 6x xH. procerum, 6 x) × H. vulgare, 2 x]. Crosses with six diploid barley lines resulted in triple hybrids, most of which had a full complement of barley chromosomes (no. 1-7), but were mixoploid with respect to alien chromosomes (19-22). In one combination, chromosome no. 7 was duplicated. Meiosis in triple hybrids showed low, but variable pairing (1.3-5.5 chiasmata per cell). The syndesis probably did not include the barley chromosomes. Direct back-crosses to di- and tetraploid barley lines were unsuccessful. Chromosome doubling of the triple hybrid based on cv 'Pallas' resulted in a plant with 2n = 53-56, which had an increased fertility. Backcrosses to one di- and one tetraploid barley line resulted in offspring. The cross made with the tetraploid line ('Haisa II'), produced a 28-chromosomic plant in which the male parental genome was absent. We suspect that this plant may have arisen through parthenogenetic development of a reduced female gamete. The other cross with a diploid line ('9208/9') resulted in plant with 2n = 51-53. The most likely explanation for this second plant is that an unreduced gamete from the amphiploid was fertilized by a normal gamete from the backcross parent, and during early embryo development, some chromosomes were eliminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R von Bothmer
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-26800, Svalöv, Sweden
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Wang RRC. Cytological studies on a polyhaploid ofCritesion iranicum obtained after hybridization withC. bulbosum. Genetica 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00140228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ehrendorfer F. Quantitative and Qualitative Differentiation of Nuclear DNA in Relation to Plant Systematics and Evolution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-69287-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Deumling B, Greilhuber J. Characterization of heterochromatin in different species of the Scilla siberica group (Liliaceae) by in situ hybridization of satellite DNAs and fluorochrome banding. Chromosoma 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00292854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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