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Adhikari L, Raupp J, Wu S, Koo DH, Friebe B, Poland J. Genomic characterization and gene bank curation of Aegilops: the wild relatives of wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1268370. [PMID: 37915516 PMCID: PMC10616851 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1268370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Genetic diversity found in crop wild relatives is critical to preserve and utilize for crop improvement to achieve sustainable food production amid climate change and increased demand. We genetically characterized a large collection of 1,041 Aegilops accessions distributed among 23 different species using more than 45K single nucleotide polymorphisms identified by genotyping-by-sequencing. The Wheat Genetics Resource Center (WGRC) Aegilops germplasm collection was curated through the identification of misclassified and redundant accessions. There were 49 misclassified and 28 sets of redundant accessions within the four diploid species. The curated germplasm sets now have improved utility for genetic studies and wheat improvement. We constructed a phylogenetic tree and principal component analysis cluster for all Aegilops species together, giving one of the most comprehensive views of Aegilops. The Sitopsis section and the U genome Aegilops clade were further scrutinized with in-depth population analysis. The genetic relatedness among the pair of Aegilops species provided strong evidence for the species evolution, speciation, and diversification. We inferred genome symbols for two species Ae. neglecta and Ae. columnaris based on the sequence read mapping and the presence of segregating loci on the pertinent genomes as well as genetic clustering. The high genetic diversity observed among Aegilops species indicated that the genus could play an even greater role in providing the critical need for untapped genetic diversity for future wheat breeding and improvement. To fully characterize these Aegilops species, there is an urgent need to generate reference assemblies for these wild wheats, especially for the polyploid Aegilops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxman Adhikari
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - John Raupp
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Shuangye Wu
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Dal-Hoe Koo
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Bernd Friebe
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jesse Poland
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
- Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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Crop Wild Relatives (CWR) Priority in Italy: Distribution, Ecology, In Situ and Ex Situ Conservation and Expected Actions. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13041682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The study presents an updated overview of the 14 non-endemic threatened crop wild relatives (CWR) in Italy: Aegilops biuncialis, Ae. uniaristata, Ae. ventricosa, Asparagus pastorianus, Beta macrocarpa, Brassica insularis, B. montana, Crambe hispanica subsp. hispanica, C. tataria subsp. tataria, Ipomoea sagittata, Lathyrus amphicarpos, L. palustris, Vicia cusnae and V. serinica. Geographical distribution, ecology (with plant communities and habitat 92/43/EEC aspects), genetics (focused on gene pools), property, and in situ and ex situ conservation were analyzed. In addition, with the aim of their protection and valorization, specific actions are recommended.
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Kishii M. An Update of Recent Use of Aegilops Species in Wheat Breeding. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:585. [PMID: 31143197 PMCID: PMC6521781 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Aegilops species have significantly contributed to wheat breeding despite the difficulties involved in the handling of wild species, such as crossability and incompatibility. A number of biotic resistance genes have been identified and incorporated into wheat varieties from Aegilops species, and this genus is also contributing toward improvement of complex traits such as yield and abiotic tolerance for drought and heat. The D genome diploid species of Aegilops tauschii has been utilized most often in wheat breeding programs. Other Aegilops species are more difficult to utilize in the breeding because of lower meiotic recombination frequencies; generally they can be utilized only after extensive and time-consuming procedures in the form of translocation/introgression lines. After the emergence of Ug99 stem rust and wheat blast threats, Aegilops species gathered more attention as a form of new resistance sources. This article aims to update recent progress on Aegilops species, as well as to cover new topics around their use in wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kishii
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
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Wang J, Wang C, Zhen S, Li X, Yan Y. Low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits from the 1U genome of Aegilops umbellulata confer superior dough rheological properties and improve breadmaking quality of bread wheat. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:2156-2167. [PMID: 28960410 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat-related genomes may carry new glutenin genes with the potential for quality improvement of breadmaking. In this study, we estimated the gluten quality properties of the wheat line CNU609 derived from crossing between Chinese Spring (CS, Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) and the wheat Aegilops umbellulata (2n = 2x = 14, UU) 1U(1B) substitution line, and investigated the function of 1U-encoded low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS). RESULTS The main quality parameters of CNU609 were significantly improved due to introgression of the 1U genome, including dough development time, stability time, farinograph quality number, gluten index, loaf size and inner structure. Glutenin analysis showed that CNU609 and CS had the same high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) composition, but CNU609 carried eight specific 1U genome-encoded LMW-GS. The introgression of the 1U-encoded LMW-GS led to more and larger protein body formation in the CNU609 endosperm. Two new LMW-m type genes from the 1U genome, designated Glu-U3a and Glu-U3b, were cloned and characterized. Secondary structure prediction implied that both Glu-U3a and Glu-U3b encode subunits with high α-helix and β-strand content that could benefit the formation of superior gluten structure. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the 1U genome has superior LMW-GS that can be used as new gene resources for wheat gluten quality improvement. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Wang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shoumin Zhen
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueming Yan
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry (HCICGI), Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Goryunova SV, Chikida NN, Kochieva EZ. AFLP, RAPD, and ISSR analysis of intraspecific polymorphism and interspecific differences of allotetraploid species Aegilops kotschyi Boiss. and Aegilops variabilis Eig. RUSS J GENET+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795417050040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Genome-wide characterization of microsatellites in Triticeae species: abundance, distribution and evolution. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32224. [PMID: 27561724 PMCID: PMC4999822 DOI: 10.1038/srep32224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsatellites are an important constituent of plant genome and distributed across entire genome. In this study, genome-wide analysis of microsatellites in 8 Triticeae species and 9 model plants revealed that microsatellite characteristics were similar among the Triticeae species. Furthermore, genome-wide microsatellite markers were designed in wheat and then used to analyze the evolutionary relationship of wheat and other Triticeae species. Results displayed that Aegilops tauschii was found to be the closest species to Triticum aestivum, followed by Triticum urartu, Triticum turgidum and Aegilops speltoides, while Triticum monococcum, Aegilops sharonensis and Hordeum vulgare showed a relatively lower PCR amplification effectivity. Additionally, a significantly higher PCR amplification effectivity was found in chromosomes at the same subgenome than its homoeologous when these markers were subjected to search against different chromosomes in wheat. After a rigorous screening process, a total of 20,666 markers showed high amplification and polymorphic potential in wheat and its relatives, which were integrated with the public available wheat markers and then anchored to the genome of wheat (CS). This study not only provided the useful resource for SSR markers development in Triticeae species, but also shed light on the evolution of polyploid wheat from the perspective of microsatellites.
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Nygren J, Shad N, Kvarnheden A, Westerbergh A. Variation in susceptibility to Wheat dwarf virus among wild and domesticated wheat. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121580. [PMID: 25837893 PMCID: PMC4383415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the variation in plant response in host-pathogen interactions between wild (Aegilops spp., Triticum spp.) and domesticated wheat (Triticum spp.) and Wheat dwarf virus (WDV). The distribution of WDV and its wild host species overlaps in Western Asia in the Fertile Crescent, suggesting a coevolutionary relationship. Bread wheat originates from a natural hybridization between wild emmer wheat (carrying the A and B genomes) and the wild D genome donor Aegilops tauschii, followed by polyploidization and domestication. We studied whether the strong selection during these evolutionary processes, leading to genetic bottlenecks, may have resulted in a loss of resistance in domesticated wheat. In addition, we investigated whether putative fluctuations in intensity of selection imposed on the host-pathogen interactions have resulted in a variation in susceptibility to WDV. To test our hypotheses we evaluated eighteen wild and domesticated wheat taxa, directly or indirectly involved in wheat evolution, for traits associated with WDV disease such as leaf chlorosis, different growth traits and WDV content. The plants were exposed to viruliferous leafhoppers (Psammotettix alienus) in a greenhouse trial and evaluated at two time points. We found three different plant response patterns: i) continuous reduction in growth over time, ii) weak response at an early stage of plant development but a much stronger response at a later stage, and iii) remission of symptoms over time. Variation in susceptibility may be explained by differences in the intensity of natural selection, shaping the coevolutionary interaction between WDV and the wild relatives. However, genetic bottlenecks during wheat evolution have not had a strong impact on WDV resistance. Further, this study indicates that the variation in susceptibility may be associated with the genome type and that the ancestor Ae. tauschii may be useful as genetic resource for the improvement of WDV resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Nygren
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nadeem Shad
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Kvarnheden
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Westerbergh
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Li PF, Cheng ZG, Ma BL, Palta JA, Kong HY, Mo F, Wang JY, Zhu Y, Lv GC, Batool A, Bai X, Li FM, Xiong YC. Dryland wheat domestication changed the development of aboveground architecture for a well-structured canopy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95825. [PMID: 25181037 PMCID: PMC4151979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined three different-ploidy wheat species to elucidate the development of aboveground architecture and its domesticated mechanism under environment-controlled field conditions. Architecture parameters including leaf, stem, spike and canopy morphology were measured together with biomass allocation, leaf net photosynthetic rate and instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE(i)). Canopy biomass density was decreased from diploid to tetraploid wheat, but increased to maximum in hexaploid wheat. Population yield in hexaploid wheat was higher than in diploid wheat, but the population fitness and individual competition ability was higher in diploid wheats. Plant architecture was modified from a compact type in diploid wheats to an incompact type in tetraploid wheats, and then to a more compact type of hexaploid wheats. Biomass accumulation, population yield, harvest index and the seed to leaf ratio increased from diploid to tetraploid and hexaploid, associated with heavier specific internode weight and greater canopy biomass density in hexaploid and tetraploid than in diploid wheat. Leaf photosynthetic rate and WUEi were decreased from diploid to tetraploid and increased from tetraploid to hexaploid due to more compact leaf type in hexaploid and diploid than in tetraploid. Grain yield formation and WUEi were closely associated with spatial stance of leaves and stems. We conclude that the ideotype of dryland wheats could be based on spatial reconstruction of leaf type and further exertion of leaf photosynthetic rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu-Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre (ECORC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zheng-Guo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bao-Luo Ma
- Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre (ECORC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jairo A. Palta
- CSIRO Plant Industry, Canberra, Australia
- School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, Australia
| | - Hai-Yan Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fei Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian-Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guang-Chao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Asfa Batool
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - You-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Wang S, Li X, Wang K, Wang X, Li S, Zhang Y, Guo G, Zeller FJ, Hsam SLK, Yan Y. Phylogenetic analysis of C, M, N, and U genomes and their relationships with Triticum and other related genomes as revealed by LMW-GS genes at Glu-3 loci. Genome 2011; 54:273-84. [PMID: 21491971 DOI: 10.1139/g10-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Phylogenetic relationships between the C, U, N, and M genomes of Aegilops species and the genomes of common wheat and other related species were investigated by using three types of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) genes at Glu-3 loci. A total of 20 LMW-GS genes from Aegilops and Triticum species were isolated, including 11 LMW-m type and 9 LMW-i type genes. Particularly, four LMW-m type and three LMW-i type subunits encoded by the genes on the C, N, and U genomes possessed an extra cysteine residue at conserved positions, which could provide useful information for understanding phylogenetic relationships among Aegilops and Triticum genomes. Phylogenetic trees constructed by using either LMW-i or the combination of LMW-m and LMW-s, as well as analysis of all the three types of LMW-GS genes together, demonstrated that the C and U genomes were closely related to the A genome, whereas the N and M genomes were closely related to the D genome. Our results support previous findings that the A genome was derived from Triticum uratu, the B genome was from Aegilops speltoides, and the D genome was from Aegilops tauschii. In addition, phylogenetic relationships among different genomes analysed in this study support the concept that Aegilops is not monophyletic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, China
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Escobar JS, Scornavacca C, Cenci A, Guilhaumon C, Santoni S, Douzery EJP, Ranwez V, Glémin S, David J. Multigenic phylogeny and analysis of tree incongruences in Triticeae (Poaceae). BMC Evol Biol 2011; 11:181. [PMID: 21702931 PMCID: PMC3142523 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Introgressive events (e.g., hybridization, gene flow, horizontal gene transfer) and incomplete lineage sorting of ancestral polymorphisms are a challenge for phylogenetic analyses since different genes may exhibit conflicting genealogical histories. Grasses of the Triticeae tribe provide a particularly striking example of incongruence among gene trees. Previous phylogenies, mostly inferred with one gene, are in conflict for several taxon positions. Therefore, obtaining a resolved picture of relationships among genera and species of this tribe has been a challenging task. Here, we obtain the most comprehensive molecular dataset to date in Triticeae, including one chloroplastic and 26 nuclear genes. We aim to test whether it is possible to infer phylogenetic relationships in the face of (potentially) large-scale introgressive events and/or incomplete lineage sorting; to identify parts of the evolutionary history that have not evolved in a tree-like manner; and to decipher the biological causes of gene-tree conflicts in this tribe. Results We obtain resolved phylogenetic hypotheses using the supermatrix and Bayesian Concordance Factors (BCF) approaches despite numerous incongruences among gene trees. These phylogenies suggest the existence of 4-5 major clades within Triticeae, with Psathyrostachys and Hordeum being the deepest genera. In addition, we construct a multigenic network that highlights parts of the Triticeae history that have not evolved in a tree-like manner. Dasypyrum, Heteranthelium and genera of clade V, grouping Secale, Taeniatherum, Triticum and Aegilops, have evolved in a reticulated manner. Their relationships are thus better represented by the multigenic network than by the supermatrix or BCF trees. Noteworthy, we demonstrate that gene-tree incongruences increase with genetic distance and are greater in telomeric than centromeric genes. Together, our results suggest that recombination is the main factor decoupling gene trees from multigenic trees. Conclusions Our study is the first to propose a comprehensive, multigenic phylogeny of Triticeae. It clarifies several aspects of the relationships among genera and species of this tribe, and pinpoints biological groups with likely reticulate evolution. Importantly, this study extends previous results obtained in Drosophila by demonstrating that recombination can exacerbate gene-tree conflicts in phylogenetic reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan S Escobar
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre de Montpellier, UMR Diversité et Adaptation des Plantes Cultivées, Domaine de Melgueil, 34130 Mauguio, France.
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Arrigo N, Guadagnuolo R, Lappe S, Pasche S, Parisod C, Felber F. Gene flow between wheat and wild relatives: empirical evidence from Aegilops geniculata, Ae. neglecta and Ae. triuncialis. Evol Appl 2011; 4:685-95. [PMID: 25568015 PMCID: PMC3352535 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2011.00191.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene flow between domesticated species and their wild relatives is receiving growing attention. This study addressed introgression between wheat and natural populations of its wild relatives (Aegilops species). The sampling included 472 individuals, collected from 32 Mediterranean populations of three widespread Aegilops species (Aegilops geniculata, Ae. neglecta and Ae. triuncialis) and compared wheat field borders to areas isolated from agriculture. Individuals were characterized with amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting, analysed through two computational approaches (i.e. Bayesian estimations of admixture and fuzzy clustering), and sequences marking wheat-specific insertions of transposable elements. With this combined approach, we detected substantial gene flow between wheat and Aegilops species. Specifically, Ae. neglecta and Ae. triuncialis showed significantly more admixed individuals close to wheat fields than in locations isolated from agriculture. In contrast, little evidence of gene flow was found in Ae. geniculata. Our results indicated that reproductive barriers have been regularly bypassed during the long history of sympatry between wheat and Aegilops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Arrigo
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel 11 rue Emile-Argand, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Guadagnuolo
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel 11 rue Emile-Argand, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Lappe
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel 11 rue Emile-Argand, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Pasche
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel 11 rue Emile-Argand, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Parisod
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel 11 rue Emile-Argand, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - François Felber
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel 11 rue Emile-Argand, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Arrigo N, Felber F, Parisod C, Buerki S, Alvarez N, David J, Guadagnuolo R. Origin and expansion of the allotetraploid Aegilops geniculata, a wild relative of wheat. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2010; 187:1170-1180. [PMID: 20561204 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03328.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
*This study reconstructs the phylogeography of Aegilops geniculata, an allotetraploid relative of wheat, to discuss the impact of past climate changes and recent human activities (e.g. the early expansion of agriculture) on the genetic diversity of ruderal plant species. *We combined chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequencing, analysed using statistical parsimony network, with nonhierarchical K-means clustering of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genotyping, to unravel patterns of genetic structure across the native range of Ae. geniculata. The AFLP dataset was further explored by measurement of the regional genetic diversity and the detection of isolation by distance patterns. *Both cpDNA and AFLP suggest an eastern Mediterranean origin of Ae. geniculata. Two lineages have spread independently over northern and southern Mediterranean areas. Northern populations show low genetic diversity but strong phylogeographical structure among the main peninsulas, indicating a major influence of glacial cycles. By contrast, low genetic structuring and a high genetic diversity are detected in southern Mediterranean populations. Finally, we highlight human-mediated dispersal resulting in substantial introgression between resident and migrant populations. *We have shown that the evolutionary trajectories of ruderal plants can be similar to those of wild species, but are interfered by human activities, promoting range expansions through increased long-distance dispersal and the creation of suitable habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Arrigo
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 11 rue Emile-Argand, 2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - François Felber
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 11 rue Emile-Argand, 2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Parisod
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 11 rue Emile-Argand, 2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Sven Buerki
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 11 rue Emile-Argand, 2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Nadir Alvarez
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne - UNIL Sorge, Biophore Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jacques David
- UMR Diversité et Adaptation des Plantes Cultivées, SupAgro, 2 Place P. Viala, Domaine de Melgueil, 34130 Mauguio, France
| | - Roberto Guadagnuolo
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 11 rue Emile-Argand, 2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Ciaffi M, Dominici L, Lafiandra D. Gliadin polymorphism in wild and cultivated einkorn wheats. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1997; 94:68-74. [PMID: 19352747 DOI: 10.1007/s001220050383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/1996] [Accepted: 07/12/1996] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To study the relationships between different species of the Einkorn group, 408 accessions of Triticum monococcum, T. boeoticum, T. boeoticum ssp. thauodar and T. urartu were analyzed electrophoretically for their protein composition at the Gli-1 and Gli-2 loci. In all the species the range of allelic variation at the loci examined is remarkable. The gliadin patterns of T. monococcum and T. boeoticum were very similar to one another but differed substantially from those of T. urartu. Several accessions of T. boeoticum and T. monococcum were shown to share the same alleles at the Gli-1 and Gli-2 loci, confirming the recent nomenclature that considers these wheats as different subspecies of the same species, T. monococcum. The gliadin composition of T. urartu resembled that of the A genome of polyploid wheats more than did T. boeoticum or T. monococcum, supporting the hypothesis that T. urartu, rather than T. boeoticum, is the donor of the A genome in cultivated wheats. Because of their high degree of polymorphism the gliadin markers may help in selecting breeding parents from diploid wheat germ plasm collections and can be used both to search for valuable genes linked to the gliadin-coding loci and to monitor the transfer of alien genes into cultivated polyploid wheats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ciaffi
- Dipartimento di Agrobiologia ed Agrochimica, Universitá della Tuscia, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
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Onnis A, Bertacchi A, Lombardi T, Stefani A. Morphology and Germination of Yellow and Brown Caryopses of Aegilops Geniculata Roth (Gramineae) Population from Italy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/11263509509436171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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