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Khudhair YI, Rhyif AG, Mayea KQ, Said MB. Prevalence, clinico-epidemiological features, and molecular characterization of bovine papular stomatitis virus in cattle in Iraq. Arch Virol 2024; 169:152. [PMID: 38902518 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-06061-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Bovine papular stomatitis virus (BPSV) is a parapoxvirus that infects cattle, causing skin lesions on the udder and mouth. There have been few studies on the prevalence and molecular characteristics of BPSV in Iraq. Here, we describe the prevalence, phylogenetic analysis, and clinico-epidemiological features of BPSV in cattle in Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq. A total of 264 animals were examined for teat and oral lesions, and BPSV was detected by PCR in 79.9% (211/264) of cattle and calves with skin lesions. The lesions included ulcers, papules, and scabby proliferative areas. The BPSV strains from Iraq clustered phylogenetically with BPSV strains detected in the USA. Further studies are needed to explore the evolution and epidemiology of this virus in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahia Ismail Khudhair
- Department of Internal and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq.
| | - Atiaf Ghanim Rhyif
- Department of pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Ketam Qaid Mayea
- Unit of Zoonotic Disease Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Al-Qadisiyah University, Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Mourad Ben Said
- Laboratory of Microbiology, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia.
- Department of Basic Sciences, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia.
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Poudel GP, Agrawal S, Dhakal S. Milker's nodule: An under-reported and under-diagnosed occupational infection. Clin Case Rep 2020; 8:1162-1165. [PMID: 32695349 PMCID: PMC7364086 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.2850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Single or multiple minimal painful nodulo-ulcerative lesions over hand in dairy farm worker suggest likelihood of Milker's nodule.Use of personal protective equipment and antiseptics suffice treatment without unnecessary investigation and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guru Prasad Poudel
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyB.P. Koirala Institute of Health SciencesDharanNepal
| | - Sudha Agrawal
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyB.P. Koirala Institute of Health SciencesDharanNepal
| | - Sushil Dhakal
- Department of PathologyB.P. Koirala Institute of Health SciencesDharanNepal
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Vellucci A, Manolas M, Jin S, Dwyer J, Vick G, Wang A, Swiatlo E, Zheng C. Orf virus infection after Eid al-Adha. IDCases 2020; 21:e00854. [PMID: 32518755 PMCID: PMC7270598 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human orf, also called ecthyma contagiosum, is a zoonotic infection that causes self-resolving skin lesions after contact with infected livestock. We present the case of a 45-year-old Moroccan-born man who developed multiple painful erythematous, violaceous plaques on his hands after butchering a sheep to celebrate the Muslim holiday Eid al-Adha. The diagnosis of orf virus infection was established based on exposure history, histopathology, and classic skin lesions. Although orf virus infection is traditionally seen in individuals with frequent animal contact such as farmers and veterinarians, clinicians evaluating suspicious lesions in patients without occupational risk factors should consider additional cultural practices that may expose the patient to orf virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Vellucci
- Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, United States
- Corresponding author at: Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| | - Melina Manolas
- Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, United States
| | - Sarah Jin
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, United States
| | - John Dwyer
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Garrett Vick
- Department of Dermatology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Alun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Edwin Swiatlo
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Southeast Louisiana Veterans Healthcare System, 2400 Canal St, New Orleans, LA, 70119, USA
| | - Crystal Zheng
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
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LIN YUSHENG, JIANG JINXIU. TaqMan-based real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR for detection of Orf virus. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v89i3.88032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Contagious ecthyma, also known as scabby mouth or Orf, is a zoonosis, which is caused by the Orf virus (ORFV). Human contact with infected animals can cause cutaneous lesions. To prevent and control ORFV effectively, rapid detection method is very important and highly needed. Real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR (qPCR) assay is considered as a rapid techonology to detect ORFV, and has been used for clinical diagnosis and epidemiological investigation. In present study, we developed a TaqMan-based qPCR assay for detection of ORFV. Beacon Designer 7.9 was used to design specific primers and probes were based on the ORFV020 gene sequence of the virus (GenBank Accession No. KF666563.1). The method had no cross-reactions with other common bacteria and viruses, was highly specific; the sensitivity test result showed that it could detect 10 copies of ORFV genomic DNA, and was more sensitive than conventional PCR. Both intra- and inter-variabilities were less than 2%, indicating the high stability and repeatability of the method. Additionally, 99 clinical samples from sheep and goats with suspected contagious ecthyma were tested using the developed assay and conventional PCR. The results showed that the developed assay was more sensitive and faster than conventional PCR. It can be concluded that the assay was suitable for routine detection of the ORFV and the epidemiological investigation.
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An Investigation of a Cluster of Parapoxvirus Cases in Missouri, Feb-May 2006: Epidemiologic, Clinical and Molecular Aspects. Animals (Basel) 2013; 3:142-57. [PMID: 26487314 PMCID: PMC4495517 DOI: 10.3390/ani3010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the spring of 2006, four human cases of parapoxvirus infections in Missouri residents were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), two of which were initially diagnosed as cutaneous anthrax. This investigation was conducted to determine the level of recognition of zoonotic parapoxvirus infections and prevention measures, the degree to which veterinarians may be consulted on human infections and what forces were behind this perceived increase in reported infections. Interviews were conducted and clinical and environmental sampling was performed. Swab and scab specimens were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), whereas serum specimens were evaluated for parapoxvirus antibodies. Three case patients were found to have fed ill juvenile animals without using gloves. Forty-six percent of veterinarians reported having been consulted regarding suspected human orf infections. Orf virus DNA was detected from five of 25 asymptomatic sheep. Analysis of extracellular envelope gene sequences indicated that sheep and goat isolates clustered in a species-preferential fashion. Parapoxvirus infections are common in Missouri ruminants and their handlers. Infected persons often do not seek medical care; some may seek advice from veterinarians rather than physicians. The initial perception of increased incidence in Missouri may have arisen from a reporting artifact stemming from heightened concern about anthrax. Asymptomatic parapoxvirus infections in livestock may be common and further investigation warranted.
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Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Molecular Diagnosis of Cutaneous Infections in Dermatopathology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 31:241-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sder.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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