1
|
Morgan EC, Crestani E, Bedoya MA, Cunningham MJ. An Atypical Case of Parotid Swelling. Pediatr Rev 2024; 45:535-539. [PMID: 39217128 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2022-005839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria A Bedoya
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stewart KE, Bannon R, Mondal DB, Bannister M. Benign paediatric parotid mass & facial palsy: Systematic review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 134:110024. [PMID: 32283428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E Stewart
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Victoria Hospital, Hayfield Road, Kirkcaldy, Fife, KY2 5AH, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Bannon
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Victoria Hospital, Hayfield Road, Kirkcaldy, Fife, KY2 5AH, United Kingdom
| | - D B Mondal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Victoria Hospital, Hayfield Road, Kirkcaldy, Fife, KY2 5AH, United Kingdom
| | - Miles Bannister
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Victoria Hospital, Hayfield Road, Kirkcaldy, Fife, KY2 5AH, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vogelnik K, Matos A. Facial nerve palsy secondary to Epstein-Barr virus infection of the middle ear in pediatric population may be more common than we think. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2017; 129:844-847. [PMID: 28924860 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-017-1259-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facial nerve palsy is a rare complication of acute otitis media (AOM). The general understanding is that this complication has a bacterial cause although bacteria can be isolated from the middle ear only in approximately two-thirds of cases of AOM. Detection of viral agents from specimens obtained during myringotomy in patients with AOM suggests a possible role of viruses in the etiology of this disease. CASE PRESENTATIONS We studied 5 otherwise healthy 17- to 27-month-old children who were referred to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery from December 2012 to January 2016 because of AOM and ipsilateral facial nerve palsy. In all cases, serological tests were indicative of a primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and no other causative pathogens were identified during hospitalization. In one patient, the technique of in situ hybridization (ISH) detected EBV-specific ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequences within tissue sections obtained during mastoidectomy. CONCLUSIONS The aim of this article is to alert clinicians that AOM induced facial nerve palsy secondary to an acute EBV infection in the pediatric population is very likely more common than originally thought. To our knowledge until the present case series, only 2 cases of AOM induced facial nerve palsy secondary to an acute EBV infection have been reported and no cases of EBV infection proven by the ISH technique showing the presence of EBV-specific RNA sequences in patient's tissue biopsies have been reported until now.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Vogelnik
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. .,, Zaloška cesta 7a, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Aleš Matos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
|
5
|
Hatchette TF, Mahony JB, Chong S, LeBlanc JJ. Difficulty with mumps diagnosis: what is the contribution of mumps mimickers? J Clin Virol 2009; 46:381-3. [PMID: 19828368 PMCID: PMC7108216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2009.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mumps is a vaccine preventable disease that typically presents with unilateral or bilateral parotitis. In February 2007, mumps re-emerged in university students in Nova Scotia. Despite highly sensitive methods for mumps virus detection, only 14% (298/2082) of cases during the peak of the outbreak were laboratory confirmed. OBJECTIVES Due to the low positivity rate, this study investigated whether infection with other viral pathogens caused mumps-like presentations during the outbreak. STUDY DESIGN 148 buccal specimens from patients who presented with unilateral or bilateral parotitis but had negative laboratory tests for mumps virus were tested for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) by quantitative PCR and 21 different viral markers using the Luminex xTAG Respiratory Virus Panel (RVP). Companion sera to each buccal specimen were available for EBV and CMV serology to differentiate acute infection from reactivation. RESULTS No correlation was observed since viral pathogens were detected in both the parotitis and non-parotitis groups. CONCLUSION Although there was co-circulation of other viral pathogens during the mumps outbreak, no difference was observed in the prevalence between patients who presented with or without parotitis. The low positivity rate for specimens submitted for mumps diagnostics was likely the result of increased Public Health messaging and physician inexperience in recognizing mumps infection, suggesting the clinical acumen for mumps diagnosis based solely on clinical presentation is low.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Todd F Hatchette
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Capital District Health Authority, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Terada K, Niizuma T, Kosaka Y, Inoue M, Ogita S, Kataoka N. Bilateral facial nerve palsy associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection with a review of the literature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 36:75-7. [PMID: 15000569 DOI: 10.1080/00365540310017285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A case of bilateral simultaneous facial nerve palsy associated with an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in a 14-month-old girl is described. Diagnosis of the EBV infection was based on the presence of 7% atypical lymphocytes, EBV-DNA and seroconversion in the VCA-IgG antibody, an EBV-specific antibody. Although bilateral facial nerve palsy is very rare, approximately 40% of the EBV-associated facial nerve palsy cases reported have been bilateral.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kihei Terada
- Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki City, Okayama Prefecture, 701-0192, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Walther LE, Ilgner J, Oehme A, Schmidt P, Sellhaus B, Gudziol H, Beleites E, Westhofen M. [Infectious mononucleosis]. HNO 2006; 53:383-92; quiz 393. [PMID: 15657747 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-004-1210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The primary infection with Epstein-Barr virus in an immunocompetent individual leads to infectious mononucleosis with symptoms of diphtheroid angina, lymph node swelling in the neck and hepatosplenomegaly. The most common age of infection lies between 15 and 25 years. The illness can affect a number of organs simultaneously and thus requires interdisciplinary diagnostics. For differential diagnosis, a differential blood analysis and a EBV quick test are required. The presence of IgM antibodies demonstrates the presence of the infection. Ultrasound of the abdomen can be made to determine the involvement of additional organs. In most cases, recovery occurs without complications. Acute cases can usually be handled successfully with medication. If symptomatic treatment fails, pharyngeal airway obstruction is possible and a tonsillectomy may be necessary. Otherwise, surgical treatment is obsolete. Generally, the prognosis is good. Severe courses and complications are rare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L E Walther
- Klinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde und Plastische Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Aachen.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mori T, Nagai K, Asanuma H. Reactivation of varicella-zoster virus in facial palsy associated with infectious mononucleosis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002; 21:709-11. [PMID: 12237611 DOI: 10.1097/00006454-200207000-00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Facial palsy with infectious mononucleosis, although well-recognized, is rare in children, and its pathogenesis is uncertain. To our knowledge there has been no previous report describing varicella-zoster virus reactivation as a cause of facial palsy associated with infectious mononucleosis. We report such a patient in whom serology showed reactivation of varicella-zoster virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Mori
- Department of Pediatrics, Otaru Kyokai Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Villota Arrieta J, de la Loma Danilova A, García López M, de Ory Manchón F, Mellado Peña M, Pérez Jurado M, Tenorio A, Martín Fontelos P. Parotiditis aguda por virus de Epstein-Barr. An Pediatr (Barc) 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1695-4033(00)77295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
10
|
Abstract
Acquired peripheral facial nerve paralysis is a relatively common disorder that affects both children and adults. The most frequent nontrauma-related etiologies in otherwise neurologically intact patients are idiopathic (Bell's palsy) and infectious, which includes otitis media, herpes zoster, Lyme disease, herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Cat scratch disease (CSD) is typically a subacute, regional lymphadenitis caused by Bartonella henselae that is seen in children and young adults. CSD most often has a benign, self-limited course. However, 11% of CSD patients may present atypically, most commonly with Perinaud's oculoglandular syndrome or acute encephalopathy. We present a child with the first reported case of acute facial nerve paralysis in serologically proven CSD with typical lymphadenitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R S Walter
- Division of General Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics Thomas Jefferson University duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19899, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Affiliation(s)
- M R Papazian
- State University of New York, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Roberg M, Ernerudh J, Forsberg P, Fridell E, Frydén A, Hydén D, Linde A, Odkvist L. Acute peripheral facial palsy: CSF findings and etiology. Acta Neurol Scand 1991; 83:55-60. [PMID: 1849336 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1991.tb03959.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CSF and serum were examined in acute and convalescence phase from 56 patients with acute idiopathic peripheral facial palsy. CSF protein analysis, viral and borrelia serology were performed. Borrelia infection was found in 9/56 cases and was often associated with inflammatory CSF findings. One patient each had serological evidence for a recent or ongoing infection with herpes simplex, varicella zoster, adeno, influenza B, echo and Epstein-Barr virus, but none had specific intrathecal antibody synthesis; 11 patients had a serological pattern compatible with a reactivated Epstein-Barr virus infection. Eleven patients displayed mononuclear CSF pleocytosis. Four of them had a borrelia infection. A disturbed blood-brain barrier was observed in 19 patients. Intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis as indicated by elevated IgM-indices was found in 16 patients and by IgG indices in three. Nine patients had oligoclonal IgG bands in serum and CSF, three exclusively in CSF. It is concluded that patients with facial palsy often have inflammatory CSF findings, indicating a generalised central nervous system affection, and not only a mononeuritis. The importance of viral infections in the pathogenesis is still obscure. Borrelia is the most common infectious cause of facial palsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Roberg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linköping University, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Scully C. Viruses and salivary gland disease: are there associations? ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, AND ORAL PATHOLOGY 1988; 66:179-83. [PMID: 3050706 DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(88)90090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Viruses can cause sialadenitis and may be associated with other diseases of salivary glands, particularly immunologically mediated and neoplastic lesions. The evidence that such an association with Sjögren's syndrome is causal is reviewed here and shown to be fairly tenuous at present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Scully
- University Department of Oral Medicine, Surgery, and Pathology, Bristol Dental Hospital and School, England
| |
Collapse
|