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Liu L, Wen Y, Ni Q, Chen L, Wang H. Prenatal ethanol exposure and changes in fetal neuroendocrine metabolic programming. Biol Res 2023; 56:61. [PMID: 37978540 PMCID: PMC10656939 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal ethanol exposure (PEE) (mainly through maternal alcohol consumption) has become widespread. However, studies suggest that it can cause intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and multi-organ developmental toxicity in offspring, and susceptibility to various chronic diseases (such as neuropsychiatric diseases, metabolic syndrome, and related diseases) in adults. Through ethanol's direct effects and its indirect effects mediated by maternal-derived glucocorticoids, PEE alters epigenetic modifications and organ developmental programming during fetal development, which damages the offspring health and increases susceptibility to various chronic diseases after birth. Ethanol directly leads to the developmental toxicity of multiple tissues and organs in many ways. Regarding maternal-derived glucocorticoid-mediated IUGR, developmental programming, and susceptibility to multiple conditions after birth, ethanol induces programmed changes in the neuroendocrine axes of offspring, such as the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and glucocorticoid-insulin-like growth factor 1 (GC-IGF1) axes. In addition, the differences in ethanol metabolic enzymes, placental glucocorticoid barrier function, and the sensitivity to glucocorticoids in various tissues and organs mediate the severity and sex differences in the developmental toxicity of ethanol exposure during pregnancy. Offspring exposed to ethanol during pregnancy have a "thrifty phenotype" in the fetal period, and show "catch-up growth" in the case of abundant nutrition after birth; when encountering adverse environments, these offspring are more likely to develop diseases. Here, we review the developmental toxicity, functional alterations in multiple organs, and neuroendocrine metabolic programming mechanisms induced by PEE based on our research and that of other investigators. This should provide new perspectives for the effective prevention and treatment of ethanol developmental toxicity and the early prevention of related fetal-originated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Joint Disease Research Center of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yinxian Wen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Joint Disease Research Center of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qubo Ni
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Joint Disease Research Center of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Liaobin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Joint Disease Research Center of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Latremouille S, Lam J, Shalish W, Sant'Anna G. Neonatal heart rate variability: a contemporary scoping review of analysis methods and clinical applications. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e055209. [PMID: 34933863 PMCID: PMC8710426 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal heart rate variability (HRV) is widely used as a research tool. However, HRV calculation methods are highly variable making it difficult for comparisons between studies. OBJECTIVES To describe the different types of investigations where neonatal HRV was used, study characteristics, and types of analyses performed. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Human neonates ≤1 month of corrected age. SOURCES OF EVIDENCE A protocol and search strategy of the literature was developed in collaboration with the McGill University Health Center's librarians and articles were obtained from searches in the Biosis, Cochrane, Embase, Medline and Web of Science databases published between 1 January 2000 and 1 July 2020. CHARTING METHODS A single reviewer screened for eligibility and data were extracted from the included articles. Information collected included the study characteristics and population, type of HRV analysis used (time domain, frequency domain, non-linear, heart rate characteristics (HRC) parameters) and clinical applications (physiological and pathological conditions, responses to various stimuli and outcome prediction). RESULTS Of the 286 articles included, 171 (60%) were small single centre studies (sample size <50) performed on term infants (n=136). There were 138 different types of investigations reported: physiological investigations (n=162), responses to various stimuli (n=136), pathological conditions (n=109) and outcome predictor (n=30). Frequency domain analyses were used in 210 articles (73%), followed by time domain (n=139), non-linear methods (n=74) or HRC analyses (n=25). Additionally, over 60 different measures of HRV were reported; in the frequency domain analyses alone there were 29 different ranges used for the low frequency band and 46 for the high frequency band. CONCLUSIONS Neonatal HRV has been used in diverse types of investigations with significant lack of consistency in analysis methods applied. Specific guidelines for HRV analyses in neonates are needed to allow for comparisons between studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Latremouille
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Justin Lam
- Medicine, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wissam Shalish
- Division of Neonatology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Guilherme Sant'Anna
- Division of Neonatology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) is routinely measured in newborn infants. Published BP nomograms demonstrate a rise in BP following delivery in healthy infants at all gestational ages (GA) and evidence that BP values are higher with increasing birth weight and GA. However, the complex physiology that occurs in newborn infants and range of BP values observed at all GA make it difficult to identify "normal" BP for a specific infant at a specific time under specific conditions. As such, complete hemodynamic assessment should include the physical examination, perinatal history, other vital signs, and laboratory values in addition to BP values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beau Batton
- Department of Pediatrics, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, PO Box 19676, Springfield, IL 62794, USA.
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Lu J, Li Q, Ma G, Hong C, Zhang W, Wang Y, Wang H. Prenatal ethanol exposure-induced hypothalamic an imbalance of glutamatergic/GABAergic projections and low functional expression in male offspring rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 141:111419. [PMID: 32437893 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to demonstrate that prenatal ethanol exposure (PEE) can induce low functional expression of the hypothalamus in male offspring rats and explore the underlying mechanism. Pregnant rats were administered 4 g/kg ethanol or normal saline by oral gavage each day from gestational day (GD) 9 to GD20. Male GD20 foetuses and postnatal day 120 adult offspring rats were sacrificed under anaesthesia. Hypothalamic cells from male GD20~postnatal day (PD) 7 rats were treated with different doses of corticosterone and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist mifepristone for 5 days. In this study, we found that PEE-induced overexposure of maternal glucocorticoids enhanced the expression of L-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 67 in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) by activating the glucocorticoid metabolic activation system, further inducing the conversion of glutamate to L-gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and developmental imbalance of glutamatergic/GABAergic projections to the PVN. The imbalance change was maintained until after birth, resulting in the inhibition of parvocellular neurons and low functional expression of the hypothalamus in PEE offspring rats. Our study indicated that low functional expression of the hypothalamus in male PEE offspring rats was associated with developmental programming of an imbalance of glutamatergic/GABAergic projections to the PVN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM Affiliated to Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, 730050, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM Affiliated to Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, 730050, China
| | - Guoqin Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM Affiliated to Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, 730050, China
| | - Chenghao Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Wenqian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yuxia Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Lu J, Jiao Z, Yu Y, Zhang C, He X, Li Q, Xu D, Wang H. Programming for increased expression of hippocampal GAD67 mediated the hypersensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in male offspring rats with prenatal ethanol exposure. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:659. [PMID: 29855476 PMCID: PMC5981620 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0663-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory signals in the brain has been proposed to be one of the main pathological features of various diseases related to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) dysfunction. Excessive glutamate release induces neuronal excitotoxicity, while glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 67 promotes the transformation of excessive glutamate to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Our previous studies demonstrated that prenatal ethanol exposure (PEE) causes foetal over-exposure to maternal corticosterone and hypersensitivity of the HPAA after birth, but its intrauterine programming mechanism is unknown. In this study, PEE was shown to lead to an enhanced potential excitatory ability of the hypothalamus and hypersensitivity of the HPAA, as well as mild abnormal hippocampal morphology, demethylation of the -1019 to -691-bp region in the hippocampal GAD67 promoter and upregulation of GAD67 expression accompanied by a reduction in glutamatergic neurons and increase in GABAergic neurons in PEE male offspring. Similar changes were also found in PEE male foetal rats. Furthermore, corticosterone increased the expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and GAD67 in foetal hippocampal H19-7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, accompanied by demethylation of the GAD67 promoter, a decrease in glutamatergic neurons and increase in GABAergic neurons. The GR inhibitor, mifepristone, reversed the effects of corticosterone on H19-7 cells. These results suggested that PEE-induced excessive corticosterone can lead to upregulation of GAD67 through epigenetic modification mediated by the GR in the male foetal hippocampus, thereby weakening the negative regulation of the HPAA by the hippocampus and increasing the potential excitatory ability of the hypothalamus. These changes persisted until after birth, resulting in hypersensitivity of the HPAA. However, gender differences were observed in the hippocampal development, morphology and GAD67 expression associated with PEE. Programming for the increased expression of hippocampal GAD67 is a potential mechanism responsible for the hypersensitivity of the HPAA in PEE male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Gansu provincial hospital of TCM Affiliated to Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, 730050, China
| | - Zhexiao Jiao
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Gansu provincial hospital of TCM Affiliated to Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, 730050, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. .,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. .,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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Kou H, Shen L, Luo HW, Chen LB, Wu DF, Wang H. An intergenerational effect of neuroendocrine metabolic programming alteration induced by prenatal ethanol exposure in rats. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 74:85-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Heart Rate Variability as a Feeding Intervention Outcome Measure in the Preterm Infant. Adv Neonatal Care 2017; 17:E10-E20. [PMID: 28891821 DOI: 10.1097/anc.0000000000000430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Feeding interventions for preterm infants aim to reduce the physiologic stress of feeding to promote growth. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a potential noninvasive measure of physiologic stress that may be useful for evaluating efficacy of feeding interventions. PURPOSE To evaluate whether HRV is a sensitive measure of physiologic stress compared with standard physiologic outcomes in the context of a feeding intervention study. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of a within-subjects, cross-over design study comparing usual care feeding with a gentle, coregulated (CoReg) feeding approach in 14 infants born less than 35 weeks' postmenstrual age. HRV indices were calculated from electrocardiogram data and compared with standard physiologic outcomes, including oxygen saturation (Spo2), respiratory rate (RR), apnea, heart rate (HR), and bradycardia. Data were analyzed using linear mixed modeling. RESULTS Infants fed using the CoReg approach had fewer apneic events and higher RR, suggesting they were able to breathe more during feeding. No statistically significant differences were found in SpO2, HR, bradycardia, or high frequency power (the most commonly reported measure of HRV). Infants fed using the usual care approach had significantly higher SD12, a measure of HRV indicating randomness in the HR, which is a potential indicator of elevated stress. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE SD12 was more sensitive to stress than SpO2, HR, and bradycardia. The utility of HRV as a measure of feeding outcomes in clinical practice needs further exploration. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH Further exploration of HRV as an intervention outcome measure is needed, particularly evaluating nonlinear indices, such as SD12.
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Lu J, Wen Y, Zhang L, Zhang C, Zhong W, Zhang L, Yu Y, Chen L, Xu D, Wang H. Prenatal ethanol exposure induces an intrauterine programming of enhanced sensitivity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in female offspring rats fed with post-weaning high-fat diet. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00012b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
“Intrauterine programming” involved in the intrauterine origin of prenatal ethanol exposure induced enhanced sensitivity of the HPA axis in female offspring rats fed with high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
- Department of Pharmacology
| | - Yinxian Wen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Weihua Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Liaobin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology
- Basic Medical School of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease
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Lin YC, Chen MH, Hsieh CJ, Chen PC. Effect of rotating shift work on childbearing and birth weight: a study of women working in a semiconductor manufacturing factory. World J Pediatr 2011; 7:129-35. [PMID: 21574029 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-011-0265-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stable circadian rhythm is important for both maternal and fetal health. This retrospective analysis of women in a semiconductor factory evaluated the effect of shift work exposure on childbearing and birth weight. METHODS Records of 440 female employees (initial mean age: 28.4 years) including 111 mothers who had 158 live births during the period of observation (1997-2007) were reviewed. The data analyzed included maternal age, general health condition, highest educational level, life-style and occupational factors, as well as newborn gender, birth weight, birth order and gestational age. RESULTS The childbearing rates of female workers on three different work schedules (consistent daytime work (CDW), intermittent (i-) or persistent (p-) rotating shift works (RSW)) were 32.1%, 20.0% and 25.4%, respectively (P=0.047). After controlling for potential confounding factors, childbearing rates among women with CDW exceeded those of shift workers (odds ratio (OR), 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0-3.0). The birth weights of newborns from mothers on the three work schedules (CDW, i-RSW and p-RSW) were significantly different (3271.7±395.4, 3251.3±460.9, and 2998.5±381.2 g, respectively (P<0.01). Newborns within the lightest birth weight quintile were significantly more likely to be born to mothers with exposure to p-RSW (OR, 4.3; 95% CI, 1.1-16.8). CONCLUSIONS Rotating shift work exposure was significantly associated with decreased childbearing and lighter birth weight in women working in this semiconductor manufacturing factory. Work schedules should be carefully planned for female employees who are pregnant or preparing for pregnancy. Prenatal evaluations for mothers with persistent day-night rotating shift work exposures are especially necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Lin
- The Department of Occupational Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, 23742 Taiwan, China
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