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Tao Q, Li B, Chen Y, Zhao J, Li Q, Chen Y, Peng Q, Yuan S, Li H, Huang R, Wang C. An integrated method to produce fermented liquid feed and biologically modified biochar as cadmium adsorbents using corn stalks. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 127:112-120. [PMID: 33933868 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The recycling of agricultural waste is a global challenge to the sustainable development of agriculture. By using corn stalks, we studied the feasibility of combining anaerobic fermentation and pyrolysis processes to produce both fermentated liquid feed and biologically modified biocharas cadmium adsorbents. Anaerobic ensiling enhanced the biodegradation of corn stalks by increasing crude protein and reducing fiber contents. After 24-h anaerobic fermentation, corn stalks silage was decomposed into the liquid filtrate and non-fermented residue. Fermented liquid feed (FLF) was prepared by storing feed and liquid filtrate (1:4.0, wt/wt) in a closed tank at 20 °C for 4 days, which showed desired properties (pH < 4.5, lactic acid bacteria greater than 9.0 lg cfu g-1, lactic acid greater than 100 mmol L-1). The non-fermented residue was pyrolyzed at 500 °C to prepare biologically modified biochar (BCB24). In comparison with pristine biochar produced from corn stalks (CB), anaerobic ensiling and anaerobic fermentation significantly increased the surface area, oxygen-containing functional groups, as well as mineral components in BCB24. The maximum sorption capacity of Cd(II) for BCB24 was 2.1 times of CB, suggesting that BCB24 is an effective adsorbent for Cd(II) removal from water. Our results indicated that coupling anaerobic fermentation and pyrolysis technology can significantly improve the efficiency of corn stalks recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tao
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Yixuan Chen
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Junwen Zhao
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiquan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yulan Chen
- Sichuan Tobacco Company Liangshanzhou Company, Xichang Sichuan 615000, China
| | - Quanhui Peng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Bovine Low Carbon Farming and Safe Production, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huanxiu Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Changquan Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Dang HL, Lv R, Obitsu T, Sugino T. Effect of replacing alfalfa hay with a mixture of cassava foliage silage and sweet potato vine silage on ruminal and intestinal digestion in sheep. Anim Sci J 2017; 89:386-396. [PMID: 28994214 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing alfalfa hay (AH) with a mixture of cassava foliage silage and sweet potato vine silage (CSP) (1:1 on a dry matter (DM) basis) on ruminal and intestinal nutrient digestion in sheep. Four wethers were fed a control diet containing 35% of AH and two treatment diets containing 15% and 30% of the CSP as substitute for AH at 1.5 times the metabolizable energy required for maintenance. Replacing AH with the CSP silage did not affect DM intake, whereas it linearly increased (P < 0.05) the intake of ether extract and acid detergent insoluble nitrogen (ADIN). Increasing the CSP substitution linearly decreased (P < 0.05) ruminal DM and neutral detergent fiber (aNDFom) digestibility; however, it did not affect total tract aNDFom digestibility. The CSP substitution did not affect nitrogen (N) intake and duodenal total N flow, whereas it linearly increased duodenal ADIN flow (P < 0.01) and decreased ruminal ammonia-N concentration (P < 0.01), and intestinal (P = 0.08) and total N digestibility (P < 0.01). These results indicate that replacing AH with the CSP reduced the ruminal N degradation as well as the digestion of ruminal aNDFom and intestinal N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Lam Dang
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Aquaculture Science, Hung Vuong University, Phu Tho, Vietnam
| | - Renlong Lv
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Taketo Obitsu
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Sugino
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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Win KS, Ueda K, Kondo S. Effects of grass hay proportion in a corn silage-based diet on rumen digesta kinetics and digestibility in dairy cows. Anim Sci J 2015; 86:833-41. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyaw San Win
- Laboratory of Animal Production System; Graduate School of Agriculture; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Koichiro Ueda
- Laboratory of Animal Production System; Graduate School of Agriculture; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Seiji Kondo
- Laboratory of Animal Production System; Graduate School of Agriculture; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
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Roggeman S, van den Brink N, Van Praet N, Blust R, Bervoets L. Metal exposure and accumulation patterns in free-range cows (Bos taurus) in a contaminated natural area: Influence of spatial and social behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 172:186-199. [PMID: 23063994 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Possible effects of spatial metal distribution, seasonal-, ecological- and ethological parameters, on the metal exposure of cows were investigated. Therefore the habitat use, vegetation selection and foraging behavior of two free ranging Galloway herds in a metal polluted nature reserve were observed. Metal concentrations in soil, vegetation, hair, blood and feces were measured. Although both herds lived in the same reserve, their metal exposure differed significantly. A high consumption of soft rush by herd 1 during winter for instance was responsible for a large increase in daily Cd intake. The results of this study suggest that the exposure and health risks of large grazers can probably not only be predicted by a general monitoring of soil and vegetation pollution. Also detailed information about the occurring vegetation types, spatial habitat use together with the social- and foraging behavior and diet selection of the species need to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Roggeman
- Laboratory of Systemic Ecophysiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE/EB&T), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171/U7, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
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