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Formoso S, Padley H, Alves L. Dandy Walker-like malformation in an adult cat with seizures: clinical description and MRI characteristics. JFMS Open Rep 2023; 9:20551169231174199. [PMID: 37378378 PMCID: PMC10291414 DOI: 10.1177/20551169231174199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 2-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was referred for investigation of a 10-month history of self-limiting, generalised tonic-clonic seizures. The cat was reported to be normal interictally but had always had a static abnormal gait. General physical examination was unremarkable. Neuroanatomical localisation was compatible with a diffuse cerebellar and diffuse forebrain lesion. Complete blood count, biochemistry, bile acid stimulation test, urinalysis, cisternal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, Toxoplasma gondii serology and T gondii polymerase chain reaction in CSF were all unremarkable. MRI revealed an abnormal caudal fossa, absent cerebellar vermis and small cerebellar hemisphere with distension of the fourth ventricle. There were no forebrain abnormalities identified in the MRI or CSF changes that could justify the seizures. Considering the clinical presentation, the cat's neurological examination and MRI features, a presumptive diagnosis of Dandy Walker-like malformation (DWLM) and epilepsy of unknown aetiology was made. Relevance and novel information This is the first case report of an adult cat diagnosed with cerebellar malformation resembling DWLM and concomitant seizures, its MRI characteristics and long-term follow-up. The 3-year follow-up consultation revealed static neurological status with 2-4 seizures per year. The cat's quality of life remained good at the time of writing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Formoso
- Department of Small Animal Medicine, Queen’s Veterinary School Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hannah Padley
- Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Hursley, Hampshire, UK
| | - Lisa Alves
- Department of Small Animal Medicine, Queen’s Veterinary School Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Prikryl M, Caine A, Palus V. Transient Postural Vestibulo-Cerebellar Syndrome in Three Dogs With Presumed Cerebellar Hypoplasia. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:453. [PMID: 32851031 PMCID: PMC7419425 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This case study presents a unique transient postural vestibular syndrome in three dogs. The transient postural symptoms present as pronounced vestibulo-cerebellar signs after altering the position of the head. Magnetic resonance imaging findings of the brain suggest caudal cerebellar hypoplasia, affecting vermis, and floccular lobes bilaterally in case 1, and hypoplasia of the nodulus vermis in cases 2 and 3. No progression of clinical signs was reported in minimum of 4 months period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Prikryl
- Jaggy Clinic, Ltd., Prague, Czechia
- Neurovet, Trenčín, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Miroslav Prikryl
| | - Abby Caine
- Dick White Referrals, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
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Dandy-Walker-Like Malformation in a Free-Ranging Atlantic Harbour Seal Pup (Phoca vitulina concolor). J Comp Pathol 2020; 178:41-45. [PMID: 32800107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An 88.5 cm long, 12.9 kg, 3-week-old stranded male Atlantic harbour seal (Phoca vitulina concolor) presented with cerebellar ataxia, delayed postural reactions, hyperaesthesia and nystagmus. The skull was enlarged and domed. Ultrasound through a persistent fontanelle in the frontal bone revealed hydrocephalus. Magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse enlargement of the ventricular system, an absent cerebellar vermis, hypertrophy of the choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle and enlargement of the caudal fossa. Throughout rehabilitation, the seal failed to achieve milestones critical for successful release or placement in a managed care facility, including the ability to feed independently and haul out. Three months into rehabilitation it began to regurgitate and staff had difficulty administering food to the seal. The seal was euthanized due to a poor prognosis. Post-mortem examination confirmed a) aplasia of the dorsal cerebellar vermis and hypoplasia of the most dorsal portions of the right and left cerebellar hemispheres, b) severe, diffuse, congenital communicating hydrocephalus, and c) aplasia of the interthalamic adhesion and corpus callosum. This case represents the first report of Dandy-Walker-like malformation (DWLM) in a marine mammal and illustrates the importance of advanced imaging and thorough post-mortem examination in free-ranging pinnipeds that strand with evidence of neurological disease.
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Sananmuang T, Mankong K, Jeeratanyasakul P, Chokeshai-Usaha K, Ponglowhapan S. Prenatal diagnosis of foetal hydrocephalus and suspected X-linked recessive inheritance of cleft lip in a Chihuahua. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 82:212-216. [PMID: 31902834 PMCID: PMC7041993 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A 3.5-year-old, 2.9 kg, multiparous Chihuahua presented with abdominal distension;
pregnancy was diagnosed. On Day 7 before parturition, prenatal sonograms showed anechoic
bilateral dilated cerebral lateral ventricles, suggesting fluid-filled regions
(ventriculomegaly) in one foetus. A Caesarean section was performed and the male newborn
had an abnormally enlarged dome-shaped head and a cleft lip, and died 6 days after birth.
According to the family pedigree, the X-linked recessive inheritance of an orofacial cleft
from the unaffected mother was suggested. This report clearly demonstrates that canine
foetal ventriculomegaly (hydrocephalus) can be diagnosed in utero. For
dog breeds predisposed to congenital ventriculomegaly, early detection is important for
the prediction of perinatal survival and adequate supportive care can be applied at
delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanida Sananmuang
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-Ok, 43 Moo 6 Bangpra, Sriracha, Chonburi 20110, Thailand
| | - Kanchanarat Mankong
- Smile Dog Small Animal Hospital, 9/16 Mhoo 8, Samed, Bang Saen, Chonburi 20130, Thailand
| | | | - Kaj Chokeshai-Usaha
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-Ok, 43 Moo 6 Bangpra, Sriracha, Chonburi 20110, Thailand
| | - Suppawiwat Ponglowhapan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Research Unit of Obstetrics and Reproduction in Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Bernardino F, Rentmeister K, Schmidt MJ, Bruehschwein A, Matiasek K, Matiasek LA, Lauda A, Schoon HA, Fischer A. Inferior cerebellar hypoplasia resembling a Dandy-Walker-like malformation in purebred Eurasier dogs with familial non-progressive ataxia: a retrospective and prospective clinical cohort study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117670. [PMID: 25668516 PMCID: PMC4323131 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar malformations can be inherited or caused by insults during cerebellar development. To date, only sporadic cases of cerebellar malformations have been reported in dogs, and the genetic background has remained obscure. Therefore, this study`s objective was to describe the clinical characteristics, imaging features and pedigree data of a familial cerebellar hypoplasia in purebred Eurasier dogs. A uniform cerebellar malformation characterized by consistent absence of the caudal portions of the cerebellar vermis and, to a lesser degree, the caudal portions of the cerebellar hemispheres in association with large retrocerebellar fluid accumulations was recognized in 14 closely related Eurasier dogs. Hydrocephalus was an additional feature in some dogs. All dogs displayed non-progressive ataxia, which had already been noted when the dogs were 5 – 6 weeks old. The severity of the ataxia varied between dogs, from mild truncal sway, subtle dysmetric gait, dysequilibrium and pelvic limb ataxia to severe cerebellar ataxia in puppies and episodic falling or rolling. Follow-up examinations in adult dogs showed improvement of the cerebellar ataxia and a still absent menace response. Epileptic seizures occurred in some dogs. The association of partial vermis agenesis with an enlarged fourth ventricle and an enlarged caudal (posterior) fossa resembled a Dandy-Walker-like malformation in some dogs. Pedigree analyses were consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Bernardino
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Martin J. Schmidt
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Small Animal Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Bruehschwein
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic of Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Kaspar Matiasek
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Section of Clinical and Comparative Neuropathology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Lara A. Matiasek
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Lauda
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Heinz A. Schoon
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea Fischer
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Kobatake Y, Miyabayashi T, Yada N, Kachi S, Ohta G, Sakai H, Maeda S, Kamishina H. Magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of Dandy-Walker-like syndrome in a wire-haired miniature dachshund. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 75:1379-81. [PMID: 23719692 PMCID: PMC3942924 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A 12-week-old female Wire-haired miniature dachshund presented with non-progressive ataxia and hypermetria. Due to the animal's clinical history and symptoms, cerebellar malformations were suspected. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected bilateral ventriculomegaly, dorsal displacement of the cerebellar tentorium, a defect in the cerebellar tentorium and a large fluid-filled cystic structure that occupied the regions where the cerebellar vermis and occipital lobes are normally located. The abovementioned cystic structure and the defect in the cerebellar tentorium were comparable to those seen in humans with Dandy-Walker syndrome. However, the presence of the cystic structure in the occipital lobe region was unique to the present case. During necropsy, the MRI findings were confirmed, but the etiology of the condition was not determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Kobatake
- Ozawa Animal Hospital, 4 Ujiniban, Uji, Kyoto 611-0021, Japan
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Schmidt MJ, Jawinski S, Wigger A, Kramer M. Imaging diagnosis--Dandy Walker malformation. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2008; 49:264-6. [PMID: 18546782 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2008.00362.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jürgen Schmidt
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Small Animal Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University, Frankfurter, Giessen, Germany.
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Abstract
An eight-week-old female Cocker Spaniel was presented with ataxia, dysmetria and intention tremor. At 16 weeks, the clinical signs did not progress. Investigation including imaging studies of the skull and cerebrospinal fluid analysis were performed. The computed tomography revealed a cyst-like dilation at the level of the fourth ventricle associated with vermal defect in the cerebellum. After euthanasia, a cerebellar hypoplasia with vermal defect was identified on necropsy. A polymerase chain reaction amplification of cerebellar tissue revealed the absence of an in utero parvoviral infection. Therefore, the cerebellar hypoplasia in this puppy was consistent with diagnosis of primary cerebellar malformation comparable to Dandy-Walker syndrome in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hey Lim
- Departments of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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