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Kaku N, Kawachi M, Wakui A, Miyazawa M, Imai M, Takahashi N, Sato A, Abe T, Sato H, Kato Y, Okabe R, Naruse Y, Sato N, Asano N, Morohashi M, Sano H, Washio J, Abiko Y, Tanaka K, Takahashi N, Sato T. Molecular microbiological profiling of bottled unsweetened tea beverages: a screening experiment. J Oral Biosci 2024:S1349-0079(24)00154-3. [PMID: 39069173 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
To explore the potential storage and safety of drinking leftover bottled tea beverages from various manufacturers after direct drinking from bottles, we conducted a screening experiment on the growth of salivary bacteria in plastic bottles of tea. The diluted saliva samples from 10 participants were inoculated into the test bottled beverages, which resulted in bacteria, particularly former members of the genus Lactobacillus, growing in some green tea beverages with a neutral pH. In contrast, tea beverages with less bacterial growth contained Streptococcus spp., and the leftovers may be safe to store and drink again.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagara Kaku
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Miho Kawachi
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Anna Wakui
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan; Department of Medical Technology, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Misato Miyazawa
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Manami Imai
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Nanase Takahashi
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Aya Sato
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Takashi Abe
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Haruna Sato
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Yuki Kato
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Rika Okabe
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Yuka Naruse
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Nao Sato
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Nanami Asano
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Momoko Morohashi
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Hiroto Sano
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan; Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata 951-8580, Japan
| | - Jumpei Washio
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yuki Abiko
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kaori Tanaka
- Division of Anaerobic Research, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Takahashi
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takuichi Sato
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8518, Japan.
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Shirakawa S, Nagano T, Matsushima Y, Yashima A, Gomi K. Safety and Clinical Evaluation of a Sonic Tongue Brush. Int Dent J 2024; 74:321-327. [PMID: 37985343 PMCID: PMC10988250 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tongue coating consists of oral bacteria, desquamated epithelium, blood cells, and food residues and is involved in periodontal disease, halitosis, and aspiration pneumonia. Recently, a tongue brush with sonic vibration was developed to clean the tongue. This comparative study examined the extent of tongue coating, its effects on the tongue, bacterial count particularly on the posterior dorsum of the tongue, and the degree of pain using a manual tongue brush and the newly developed sonic tongue brush. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients' extent of tongue coating and the quantity of bacteria were analysed before and after brushing with a sonic or manual nylon tongue brush. Moreover, the impressions of the dorsum linguae were obtained before and after brushing to establish models that were observed under a stereo microscope to evaluate tongue trauma. Pain caused during the use of these brushes was evaluated based on the numerical rating scale (NRS). RESULTS The extent of tongue coating and number of bacteria decreased in both the sonic and manual nylon brush groups after tongue cleaning; however, no significant differences were noted. Tongue trauma evaluation revealed that the tongue surface was significantly scratched in the manual brush group compared with the sonic brush group. NRS-based pain evaluation revealed no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS The sonic brush was equally effective in removing tongue coating and bacteria compared with the manual brush. As the sonic brush does not cause tongue trauma, it may be considered a safe and effective cleaning tool of the tongue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Shirakawa
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Tsurumi Junior College, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nagano
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsushima
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yashima
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Gomi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan.
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L’Heureux JE, van der Giezen M, Winyard PG, Jones AM, Vanhatalo A. Localisation of nitrate-reducing and highly abundant microbial communities in the oral cavity. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295058. [PMID: 38127919 PMCID: PMC10735016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The nitrate (NO3-) reducing bacteria resident in the oral cavity have been implicated as key mediators of nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis and human health. NO3--reducing oral bacteria reduce inorganic dietary NO3- to nitrite (NO2-) via the NO3--NO2--NO pathway. Studies of oral NO3--reducing bacteria have typically sampled from either the tongue surface or saliva. The aim of this study was to assess whether other areas in the mouth could contain a physiologically relevant abundance of NO3- reducing bacteria, which may be important for sampling in clinical studies. The bacterial composition of seven oral sample types from 300 individuals were compared using a meta-analysis of the Human Microbiome Project data. This analysis revealed significant differences in the proportions of 20 well-established oral bacteria and highly abundant NO3--reducing bacteria across each oral site. The genera included Actinomyces, Brevibacillus, Campylobacter, Capnocytophaga, Corynebacterium, Eikenella, Fusobacterium, Granulicatella, Haemophilus, Leptotrichia, Microbacterium, Neisseria, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Propionibacterium, Rothia, Selenomonas, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Veillonella. The highest proportion of NO3--reducing bacteria was observed in saliva, where eight of the bacterial genera were found in higher proportion than on the tongue dorsum, whilst the lowest proportions were found in the hard oral surfaces. Saliva also demonstrated higher intra-individual variability and bacterial diversity. This study provides new information on where samples should be taken in the oral cavity to assess the abundance of NO3--reducing bacteria. Taking saliva samples may benefit physiological studies, as saliva contained the highest abundance of NO3- reducing bacteria and is less invasive than other sampling methods. These results inform future studies coupling oral NO3--reducing bacteria research with physiological outcomes affecting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E. L’Heureux
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Mark van der Giezen
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
- Research Department, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Paul G. Winyard
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M. Jones
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Anni Vanhatalo
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Shirobe M, Edahiro A, Motokawa K, Morishita S, Ohara Y, Motohashi Y, Iwasaki M, Watanabe Y, Hirano H. Association between Dementia Severity and Oral Hygiene Management Issues in Older Adults with Alzheimer's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3841. [PMID: 36900852 PMCID: PMC10001667 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Oral hygiene management issues vary across types and clinical stages of dementia. We aimed to clarify the issues related to oral hygiene management in older adults with Alzheimer's disease (AD) according to stages defined by the Functional Assessment Staging of Alzheimer's Disease (FAST). In all, 397 records (45 men and 352 women; average age, 86.8 years; age range, 65-106) from older adults with AD were used for the cross-sectional study. We used data from a cohort of older adults (≥65 years old) who required long-term care and lived in the Omorimachi area of Yokote City, Akita Prefecture, Japan. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the associations of the FAST stage, set as the exposure variable, with oral hygiene management parameters set as outcome variables. Compared to the reference category (combined FAST stage 1-3), FAST stages 6 and 7 had significantly higher odds ratios for refusal of oral health care, dependence in performing oral health care, and rinsing and gargling disability. FAST stages 4 and 7 were associated with dental plaque accumulation. Oral health care for older adults with AD should be planned appropriately according to dementia severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Shirobe
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Ayako Edahiro
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shiho Morishita
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
- School of Health Sciences, Meikai University, 1 Meikai, Urayasu-shi, Chiba 279-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohara
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Motohashi
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Masanori Iwasaki
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 13-jo Nishi 7-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
- Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Mantri D, Wymenga L, van Turnhout J, van Zeijl H, Zhang G. Manipulation, Sampling and Inactivation of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus Using Nonuniform Electric Fields on Micro-Fabricated Platforms: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:345. [PMID: 36838044 PMCID: PMC9967285 DOI: 10.3390/mi14020345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Micro-devices that use electric fields to trap, analyze and inactivate micro-organisms vary in concept, design and application. The application of electric fields to manipulate and inactivate bacteria and single-celled organisms has been described extensively in the literature. By contrast, the effect of such fields on viruses is not well understood. This review explores the possibility of using existing methods for manipulating and inactivating larger viruses and bacteria, for smaller viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. It also provides an overview of the theoretical background. The findings may be used to implement new ideas and frame experimental parameters that optimize the manipulation, sampling and inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 electrically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devashish Mantri
- Department Biomedical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Luutzen Wymenga
- Department Microelectronics, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jan van Turnhout
- Department Material Science Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Henk van Zeijl
- Department Microelectronics, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Guoqi Zhang
- Department Microelectronics, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
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The Association of Dietary Intake, Oral Health, and Blood Pressure in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061279. [PMID: 35334938 PMCID: PMC8950359 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is related to impaired mastication that causes malnutrition, declining the general health of older adults. This study assessed the role of dietary intake in the relationship between oral health and blood pressure. Eight hundred ninety-four adults aged ≥65 years who independently lived in rural regions of Japan participated in this study. Hypertension was classified according to the guidelines of the Japanese Society of Hypertension. The oral condition was evaluated by analyzing the remaining teeth, occlusal force, posterior occlusal support, masticatory performance, oral moisture, and oral bacterial level. Dietary intake was assessed using a brief self-administered dietary history questionnaire. Mann-Whitney U, chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and logistic regression analyses were used to elucidate the factors related to hypertension. Normotensive, hypertensive, and history of hypertension were observed in 30.9%, 23.8%, and 45.3% of the participants, respectively. The factors significantly associated with the hypertension were age, body mass index, posterior occlusal support condition, and sodium-to-potassium ratio related to salt intake and/or vegetable intake. Participants without posterior occlusion significantly had higher risk of hypertension (odds ratio = 1.72). This study suggested that there was an association between oral health and hypertension, while the loss of occlusal support may influence nutritional intake conditions.
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Han SY, Roh J, Jung YS, Kim KR. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine-containing oral gels against aspiration pneumonia-inducing bacteria: An In Vitro study. Indian J Dent Res 2022; 33:90-93. [PMID: 35946252 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_591_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Hospitalised patients have a high risk of developing aspiration pneumonia because of poor oral care and oral microbial flora changes. Chlorhexidine (CHX) solution has been used to reduce inflammation and prevent infections in oral cavity, but it is difficult to use in inpatients. Gel-type antimicrobial agents rather than the liquid form may be effective for the oral management of hospitalised patients. Therefore, we evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial effects of CHX-containing oral gels on aspiration pneumonia-inducing bacteria compared to the CHX solution. Materials and Methods The experimental products of two oral gel types containing 1% and 0.1% CHX, respectively, were selected. Hexamedine, a 0.12% CHX solution, was used as a positive control. The antimicrobial activity of CHX agents against six pneumonia-causing bacteria and Streptococcus mutans, one of the most common oral bacteria, was comparatively analysed using the agar disk diffusion method. Results In the disk diffusion assay, the 1% CHX gels showed the highest inhibitory effect on all bacteria. All CHX agents including gels and solution had the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus compared with other bacteria. Conclusions We confirmed the significant antimicrobial effects of the 1% CHX oral gels on aspiration pneumonia-inducing bacteria. These results suggest that CHX gels may be an effective oral care method for preventing infection in inpatients who have difficulty using the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Han
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Roh
- Forensic Science Training and R&D Center, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea
| | - Yun-Sook Jung
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Ki-Rim Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
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Katayama Y, Takanishi H, Sato Y, Fujita S, Enomoto M. Effect of oral care in reducing the incidence of early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia in preterm infants. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:2570-2575. [PMID: 33983679 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral care using chlorhexidine has been considered useful in reducing the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in adult patients. However, no study has proved the effect of oral care in reducing the incidence of VAP in preterm infants. OBJECTIVES To investigate the efficacy of oral care using a sponge brush moistened with sterile water in reducing the bacterial load in the oral cavity and the incidence of early-onset VAP in preterm infants METHODS: The bacterial number in the oral cavity was evaluated on-site with the dielectrophoretic impedance measurement system. Bacterial numbers before and after oral care were investigated prospectively. Then, the incidence of early-onset VAP was compared retrospectively between infants who received oral care before re-intubation and those who did not. RESULTS The mean bacterial number (cfu/ml) in the oral cavity in infants managed with endotracheal intubation (n = 23), continuous positive airway pressure (n = 38), and high-flow nasal cannula (n = 22) significantly reduced (p < .01) after versus before oral care (4.46 × 107 vs. 1.25 × 106 ; 1.32 × 107 vs. 6.82 × 105 ; and 1.68 × 107 vs. 6.50 × 105 ). The incidence rate of early-onset VAP after re-intubation was 51% (20/39) in patients who did not receive oral care. Then, it significantly decreased to 21% (7/33; p = .009) after receiving oral care. CONCLUSION Oral care with sterile water may be effective in reducing the bacterial load in the oral cavity and the incidence of early-onset VAP in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yumi Sato
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Takatsuki General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Takatsuki General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Enomoto
- Department of Neonatology, Takatsuki General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Structural Equation Modeling of Tongue Function and Tongue Hygiene in Acute Stroke Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094567. [PMID: 33925775 PMCID: PMC8123496 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In acute stroke patients, it is important to maintain tongue hygiene and tongue function for prognosis management. However, the direct relationship between these factors is unclear, since these are often assessed by multiple observables. In this study, we used structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, a tool to analyze the relationship between concepts that cannot be measured directly, to analyze the relationship between tongue hygiene and tongue function. The subjects were 73 patients with acute stroke admitted to a university hospital who underwent dental intervention. Age, sex, nutritional intake method, clinical severity classification of dysphagia, number of current teeth, number of functional teeth, oral health, tongue movement, tongue coating, number of microorganisms on the tongue surface, tongue surface moisture level, and tongue pressure were measured at the first visit. SEM analysis showed that the relationship between tongue function and tongue hygiene was 0.05 between tongue function and swallowing function was 0.90, and that between tongue hygiene and swallowing function was 0.09. We found no statistical relationship between tongue function and tongue hygiene in acute stroke patients. However, it was reconfirmed that tongue function is strongly related to feeding and swallowing functions.
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Impact of Progression of Parkinson's Disease on Swallowing Ability and Oral Environment. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 2021:5571556. [PMID: 33981405 PMCID: PMC8088364 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5571556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of the severity and treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) on the swallowing ability and oral environment of patients. Swallowing dysfunction increases the aspiration risk and may lead to poor oral health among patients with PD. We investigated the influences of PD progression and drug treatment on the swallowing ability and oral environment using simple noninvasive screening measurements. We recruited 87 patients with PD (mean age, 71.9 ± 8.0 years; mean Hoehn and Yahr score, 2.9 ± 0.9). The PD condition was assessed in each patient using the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) part III, diet type and oropharyngeal function using the swallowing disturbances questionnaire (SDQ), maximum bite force (MBF), tongue pressure (TP), and oral bacterial count (OBC). Levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) was also calculated for 56 participants. Based on an SDQ score of ≥11, 29.5% of patients were dysphagic, but almost all were still on a regular diet. The SDQ score was positively correlated with disease duration (rho = 0.228, p=0.047) and UPDRS part III score (rho = 0.307, p=0.007) but was negatively correlated with OBC (rho = -0.289, p=0.012). OBC was significantly higher among patients with an SDQ score of <11 (nondysphagic) (p=0.01), and the SDQ score was lower in patients with higher OBC requiring professional oral care (p=0.03). However, OBC was also negatively correlated with LEDD (rho = -0.411, p=0.004). These results indicated low self-awareness of dysphagia among the participants and an association between dysphagia and PD progression. Moreover, the oral environment could have deteriorated with swallowing dysfunction. Patients and clinicians should be aware that higher LEDD can increase xerostomia and associated deficits in oral health.
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11
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Ryu M, Ueda T, Sakurai K. An Interprofessional Approach to Oral Hygiene for Elderly Inpatients and the Perception of Caregivers Towards Oral Health Care. Int Dent J 2021; 71:328-335. [PMID: 33642042 PMCID: PMC9275307 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of an interprofessional oral hygiene support program for elderly inpatients and the perception of caregivers of the elderly towards oral health care. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants comprised 37 elderly inpatients requiring nursing care (17 males, 20 females; mean age, 83.3 ± 4.9 years) and 29 registered nurses who participated in the interprofessional oral health care support program as a caregiver (4 males, 25 females; mean age, 45.2 ± 10.3 years). In this program, inpatients received daily oral cleaning by registered nurses based on each patient's oral health care plan. The number of microbes on the tongue surface of the inpatients was measured once a week for 12 weeks. Additionally, as an investigation of the perception of the caregivers towards oral health care, a questionnaire about the required frequency and duration for oral cleaning was conducted with registered nurses before and after the program to investigate the perception of the caregivers towards oral health care. RESULTS Significant differences were observed in the number of microbes on the tongue surface between baseline and at every measurement after the beginning of this program, except for the first week. The mean required frequency and duration for oral cleaning by registered nurses at baseline were 1.5 ± 0.8 times and 3.8 ± 2.2 minutes, whereas those after the program were 2.7 ± 0.7 times and 5.8 ± 2.9 minutes, respectively. CONCLUSION Implementation of the program decreased the number of microbes on the tongue surface of the elderly inpatients and improved the perception of their caregivers towards oral health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Ryu
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Ueda
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Sakurai
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Shirobe M, Hidaka R, Hirano H, Ohara Y, Endo K, Watanabe Y, Hakuta C. The effectiveness of a desensitization technique for mitigating oral and facial tactile hypersensitivity in institutionalized older persons: A randomized controlled trial. J Dent Sci 2020; 16:987-993. [PMID: 34141114 PMCID: PMC8189835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Oral health care provision in long-term care settings is often limited by specific behaviors exhibited by residents, which may be interpreted as a refusal of care. Such behaviors can be attributed to oral tactile hypersensitivity (TH), which is characterized by aberrations in the perception of oral stimuli. TH is also associated with a decline in ingestion and swallowing function. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a technique for mitigating TH (TMH) among institutionalized older persons. Materials and methods In this study, 18 institutionalized older persons (Mean age, 90.6 ± 4.5 years; 92.9% females) with TH were randomized to a control group or an intervention group. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted for seven participants in each group. Routine oral care was provided by the facility's staff in both groups. TMH in the intervention group was performed by a dental hygienist over a 3-month period. Results In the intervention group, the number of areas with TH was significantly reduced (P = 0.027). No significant change was observed in the control group. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that TMH can effectively mitigate TH. Our findings provide clinicians with an additional treatment option for hypersensitivity in older patients. Additional long-term studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm the effectiveness of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Shirobe
- The Tokyo Metropolitan Support Center for Preventative Long-term and Frail Elderly Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rena Hidaka
- Department of Oral Health Sciences for Community Welfare, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohara
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Endo
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Corresponding author. Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan. Fax: +81 11 706 4582.
| | - Chiyoko Hakuta
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Effect of Mucosal Brushing on the Serum Levels of C-Reactive Protein for Patients Hospitalized with Acute Symptoms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56100549. [PMID: 33086612 PMCID: PMC7603140 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56100549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was based in a hospital setting. Patients with acute symptoms face a life-threatening crisis and often have systemic complications during the convalescence stage. During the acute stage, oral function does not work and oral hygiene status deteriorates. A gauze or sponge brush is generally used to wipe the oral cavity; however, this process does not clean the oral cavity enough. Effective oral care requires better methods. Patients participating in this study were all hospitalized by ambulance and with acute symptoms. During the convalescence stage, patients were assigned application of mucosal brushing or wiping by gauze or sponge brush by order of hospitalization. The effects were evaluated by the number of bacteria on the tongue surface, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and body temperature. Changes in bacterial count, body temperature, and CRP were effectively reduced in the mucosal brushing group compared to the wiping by gauze or sponge brush group. Based on mixed effect modeling, the coefficient of mucosal brushing for CRP was −2.296 and for body temperature was −0.067 and statistically significant. This simple method can effectively prevent systemic complication of inpatients with deteriorated oral conditions. This method may also be effective for the elderly in nursing homes or perioperative oral-care management.
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14
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Relationship between Oral Health Status and Postoperative Fever among Patients with Lung Cancer Treated by Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8040405. [PMID: 33081131 PMCID: PMC7712858 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A retrospective observational study using an oral bacteria counter was conducted to evaluate the trends in the number of oral bacteria in the perioperative period of lung cancer patients and to verify the relationship between oral health status and postoperative fever. All patients received perioperative oral management (POM) by oral specialists between April 2012 and December 2018 at Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kagawa, Japan prior to lung cancer surgery. Bacteria counts from the dorsum of the tongue were measured on the day of pre-hospitalization, pre-operation, and post-operation, and background data were also collected retrospectively. In total, 441 consecutive patients were enrolled in the study. Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test showed significantly higher oral bacteria counts at pre-hospitalization compared to pre- and post-operation (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index, performance status, number of housemates, number of teeth, and white blood cell count at pre-operation were significantly associated with postoperative fever. The study showed that POM can reduce the level of oral bacterial counts, that the risk of postoperative complications is lower with dentulous patients, and that appropriate POM is essential for prevent of complications. Therefore, POM may play an important role in perioperative management of lung cancer patients.
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15
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Arai Y, Inanobe-Takatsuka M, Takashima M, Ogawa S, Kawamura A, Nohno K, Uoshima K. Reducing bacterial counts around the abutment following professional mechanical plaque removal at the implant bridge: A randomized crossover comparison of removing or not removing the superstructure. J Prosthodont Res 2020; 65:91-96. [PMID: 32938869 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpor_2019_431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine whether removing the superstructure of the implant bridge in cases of full-arch implant restorations for edentulous atrophic arches at the abutment level during professional mechanical plaque removal (PMPR) affects bacterial counts. METHODS This crossover clinical trial included 20 patients who received screw-retained prostheses at the abutment level. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups and received PMPR with or without removal of the superstructure. After a three-month washout period, the type of treatment was reversed between the groups. Bacterial counts around the cylinder and abutment were measured and compared before and after PMPR. RESULTS Bacterial numbers around the cylinder and abutment were significantly reduced after PMPR as compared with before PMPR regardless of whether the superstructure was removed (p <0.05). However the ratio of subjects with bacteria at 1.0 × 105 colony forming unit/ml (cfu/ml) or more after PMPR was significantly higher when the superstructure was not removed (p < 0.05). Among patients with bacterial counts of less than 10 × 105 cfu/ml, bacterial loads were reduced to less than 1.0 × 105 cfu/ml even when superstructures were not removed. Among patients with bacterial load of >10 × 105 cfu/ml, bacterial numbers were not reduced to <1.0 × 105 cfu/ml when PMPR was performed without removing the superstructure. CONCLUSIONS Removal of the superstructure in cases of full-arch implant restorations for edentulous atrophic arches during PMPR reduces bacterial numbers around the implant bridge at the abutment level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Arai
- Oral Implant and Temporomandibular Joint Clinic, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata
| | | | - Makiko Takashima
- Oral Implant and Temporomandibular Joint Clinic, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata
| | - Shin Ogawa
- Oral Implant and Temporomandibular Joint Clinic, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata
| | - Atsushi Kawamura
- Oral Implant and Temporomandibular Joint Clinic, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata
| | - Kaname Nohno
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata
| | - Katsumi Uoshima
- Oral Implant and Temporomandibular Joint Clinic, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata.,Division of Bioprosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata
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16
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Furuya J, Beniya A, Suzuki H, Hidaka R, Matsubara C, Obana M, Yoshimi K, Yamaguchi K, Hara K, Nakagawa K, Nakane A, Tohara H, Minakuchi S. Factors associated with the number of microorganisms on the tongue surface in patients following acute stroke. J Oral Rehabil 2020; 47:1403-1410. [PMID: 33245592 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral hygiene management of patients with acute stroke is important for preventing aspiration pneumonia and ensuring oral intake. The tongue coating score can be useful for evaluating the oral hygiene level since it reflects the microorganism number on the tongue surface in elderly patients. However, the relationship between the number of oral microorganisms and the tongue coating score in patients with acute stroke remains unclear. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the relationships between the microorganism number on the tongue surface and oral factors, including tongue coating score, tongue surface moisture level and tongue function. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 73 patients with acute stroke who were hospitalised at an acute care hospital and underwent dental intervention. Potential explanatory factors, including sex, age, Glasgow Coma Scale score, tongue coating score, tongue surface moisture level, nutrition intake method, number of functional teeth and tongue function, were evaluated. Logistic regression analysis determined their association with the microorganism number on the tongue surface. RESULTS The tongue coating score (odds ratio: 1.31) and tongue surface moisture level (odds ratio: 1.10) were significantly associated with increased microorganism numbers on the tongue surface. CONCLUSION The tongue coating score, which reflects the actual number of microorganisms on the tongue surface, could be an effective tool for evaluating oral hygiene level in patients with stroke. Moreover, reducing oral microorganisms in saliva through oral hygiene management, including removing the tongue coating, could contribute towards the prevention of aspiration pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Furuya
- Oral Health Sciences for Community Welfare, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akane Beniya
- Oral Health Sciences for Community Welfare, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rena Hidaka
- Oral Health Sciences for Community Welfare, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiaki Matsubara
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Obana
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanako Yoshimi
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamaguchi
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Hara
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Nakagawa
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Nakane
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Tohara
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Minakuchi
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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Nishizawa T, Niikura Y, Akasaka K, Watanabe M, Kurai D, Amano M, Ishii H, Matsushima H, Yamashita N, Takizawa H. Pilot study for risk assessment of aspiration pneumonia based on oral bacteria levels and serum biomarkers. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:761. [PMID: 31477059 PMCID: PMC6720072 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aspiration pneumonia is a serious problem among elderly patients; it is caused by many risk factors including dysphagia, poor oral hygiene, malnutrition, and sedative medications. The aim of this study was to define a convenient procedure to objectively evaluate the risk of aspiration pneumonia in the clinical setting. Methods This prospective study included an aspiration pneumonia (AP) group, a community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) group, and a control (Con) group (patients hospitalized for lung cancer chemotherapy). We used the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT), which assesses oral hygiene, and evaluated performance status, body mass index, serum albumin levels, substance P values in plasma, and oral bacterial counts. Results The oral health as assessed by the OHAT of the aspiration pneumonia group was significantly impaired compared with that of the CAP group and the control (5.13 ± 0.18, 4.40 ± 0.26, 3.90 ± 0.22, respectively; p < 0.05). The oral bacterial count in the aspiration pneumonia group (7.20 ± 0.11) was significantly higher than that in the CAP group (6.89 ± 0.12), consistent with the OHAT scores. Oral bacterial count was significantly reduced by oral care. Conclusions OHAT and oral bacterial counts can be a tool to assess the requirement of taking oral care and other preventive procedures in patients at high risk of aspiration pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Nishizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Saitama Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin Chuo-ku Saitama-shi, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan. .,Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yuichi Niikura
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Akasaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Saitama Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin Chuo-ku Saitama-shi, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan
| | - Masato Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kurai
- Department of General Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masako Amano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Saitama Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin Chuo-ku Saitama-shi, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan
| | - Haruyuki Ishii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Matsushima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Saitama Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin Chuo-ku Saitama-shi, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan
| | - Naomi Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Takizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Yokoi A, Ekuni D, Hata H, Yamane-Takeuchi M, Maruyama T, Yamanaka R, Morita M. Relationship between acetaldehyde concentration in mouth air and characteristics of microbiota of tongue dorsum in Japanese healthy adults: a cross-sectional study. J Appl Oral Sci 2019; 27:e20180635. [PMID: 31215600 PMCID: PMC6559755 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaldehyde, associated with consumption of alcoholic beverages, is known to be a carcinogen and to be related to the tongue dorsum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Yokoi
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ekuni
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama, Japan.,Okayama University, Dental School, Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hironobu Hata
- National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Center, Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mayu Yamane-Takeuchi
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Maruyama
- Okayama University Hospital, Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Reiko Yamanaka
- Okayama University Hospital, Division of Hospital Dentistry, Central Clinical Department, Okayama, Japan
| | - Manabu Morita
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama, Japan
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19
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Tanda N, Hoshikawa Y, Sato T, Takahashi N, Koseki T. Exhaled acetone and isoprene in perioperative lung cancer patients under intensive oral care: possible indicators of inflammatory responses and metabolic changes. Biomed Res 2019; 40:29-36. [PMID: 30787261 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.40.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
One of the most severe complications of lung resection is postoperative pneumonia, and its prevention and prediction are critical. Exhaled acetone and isoprene are thought to be related to metabolism; however, little is known on their relationship with bacteria living in the oral cavity or their meaning in the acute phase in perioperative lung cancer patients. We measured acetone and isoprene in exhaled breath of 13 Japanese patients with lung cancer (3 women and 10 men, age range 62-82 years, mean 72.4 years) before breakfast during hospitalization, and compared with two acute-phase proteins, C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin in blood serum, as well as the total number of bacteria in saliva and their activity to produce acetone and isoprene. Before operation, intensive oral care was carried out for each patient to prevent postoperative pneumonia, and swallowing and cough reflexes were measured for 12 of 13 patients to assess risk of postoperative pneumonia. Breath and saliva were sampled before intensive oral care (T1), after oral care but before operation (T2), and after operation (T3) during hospitalization. The total number of oral bacteria in saliva decreased significantly from T1 to T2 among 13 patients. No acetone or isoprene was detected from saliva after in vitro incubation under anaerobic or aerobic conditions, but both acetone and isoprene were detected in breath. After operation, breath acetone correlated significantly with CRP (Spearman's ρ = 0.559, P = 0.03), but not with albumin. Breath isoprene correlated significantly with albumin (Spearman's ρ = 0.659, P = 0.008), but not with CRP after operation. Although the number of subjects was small, our results support the hypothesis that breath acetone and isoprene may be related with these acute-phase proteins, which reflect inflammatory reactions and subsequent changes in metabolism in the early postoperative phase of lung resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Tanda
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Yasushi Hoshikawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
| | - Takuichi Sato
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Technology, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences
| | - Nobuhiro Takahashi
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Department of Oral Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Takeyoshi Koseki
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health and Development Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
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20
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Iwawaki Y, Matsuda T, Kurahashi K, Honda T, Goto T, Ichikawa T. Effect of water temperature during ultrasonic denture cleaning. J Oral Sci 2019; 61:140-145. [PMID: 30918210 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.17-0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Denture plaque is a biofilm composed of various microorganisms aggregated with saliva. Various denture cleansers and cleaning apparatuses have been developed and studied. However, the optimum water temperature for denture cleaning is unknown. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of water temperature during ultrasonic denture cleaning. In vitro, resin disks with artificial Candida albicans biofilm were pressed onto Candida GE media after ultrasonic cleaning with water at different temperatures for 5 min. The media were subsequently cultured at 37°C for 24 h. The colonies formed were observed and colony areas were quantified using ImageJ software (US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). In situ, the bacterial count and degree of cleanliness on the tissue surface of maxillary dentures were measured before and after ultrasonic cleaning with water at different temperatures for 5 min. Changes in bacterial counts and cleanliness were calculated for each temperature. The ratio of the area occupied by bacterial colonies in vitro and reduction rates in situ after cleaning with warm water were markedly less than those observed after cleaning with cold water. Therefore, ultrasonic denture cleaning with warm water is more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Iwawaki
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Takashi Matsuda
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Kosuke Kurahashi
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Tsuyoshi Honda
- Department of Oral Care and Clinical Education, Tokushima University Hospital
| | - Takaharu Goto
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Tetsuo Ichikawa
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
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Ogami K, Ueda T, Ryu M, Tajima S, Sakurai K. Evaluation of Factors Associated with Tongue Coating Status in Elderly with Care Needs. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2019; 59:163-169. [PMID: 30224610 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2017-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The tongue surface in older people requiring nursing care is often coated with a layer believed to comprise, keratinized products of degeneration, food residue, bacteria, and leukocytes attached to the tongue papillae. Which factors affect the status of this tongue coating remain to be elucidated, however. The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors related to tongue coating status in older people requiring nursing care. The study participants comprised 41 individuals admitted to special nursing homes for the elderly. After undergoing tooth brushing and tongue cleaning by the facility staff, the participants were required to refrain from oral cleaning until evaluation of tongue coating status, which was performed just after lunch. The moisture level of the tongue surface was measured and total number of oral microbes determined. Food type, care level, and sex were determined by a questionnaire given by the attending nurses. Correlations between the tongue coating status and various factors were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The participants were divided into 2 groups according to the median value of the tongue coating status. Factors related to tongue coating were analyzed using binomial logistic regression analysis (α=0.05). Tongue coating status showed a significant correlation with the total number of oral microbes on the tongue surface (rS=0.449, p=0.003), type of food (rS=0.388, p=0.012), and care level (rS=-0.308, p=0.050). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the food type of the side dish significantly affected tongue coating status. These results showed a correlation between tongue coating status and type of food of the side dish in older people requiring nursing care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Ogami
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Takayuki Ueda
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Masahiro Ryu
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Sayaka Tajima
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Kaoru Sakurai
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College
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22
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Iwawaki Y, Muraoka Y, Higashiyama H, Kishimoto T, Liu L, Goto T, Ichikawa T. Comparison between Two Assessment Tests for Oral Hygiene: Adenosine Triphosphate + Adenosine Monophosphate Swab Test and Bacteria Number Counting by Dielectrophoretic Impedance Measurement. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7010010. [PMID: 30717111 PMCID: PMC6473332 DOI: 10.3390/dj7010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective assessments of oral hygiene are important to prevent oral and systemic diseases. Two objective assessment tests are available to assess oral hygiene; (1) the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) + adenosine monophosphate (AMP) swab test, which incorporates a luciferase assay and (2) a bacteria count using the dielectrophoretic impedance measurement (DEPIM) method. In this study, we compared the two tests using a subjective visual assessment by professional clinicians and investigated the clinical significance of these tests. Twenty-seven young participants (mean age 26.3 ± 3.2 years) and twenty-seven older participants (mean age 75.1 ± 5.9 years) were recruited. Oral bacteria were sampled from three areas, including the tongue dorsum, the buccal mucosa, and the faucal mucosa, and saliva was obtained using a cotton swab. The amount of ATP + AMP and the number of bacteria were measured by each specific apparatus. Additionally, one examiner assessed the overall condition of oral hygiene using the visual analog scale (VAS). In the ATP + AMP swab test, the means were highest in saliva. For the bacteria count, the means were higher in the tongue dorsum and saliva and lower in the faucal and buccal mucosa. The results of the subjective assessment of oral hygiene indicated that the VAS-value was 3.78 ± 0.97 for the young group and 3.35 ± 0.81 for the older group. No significant difference was observed between the two groups. Additionally, no significant relationship between the values of the ATP + AMP swab test and the bacteria count was found for any of the four sample sites. In the older group, the subjective assessment of oral hygiene was significantly correlated with the values of the ATP + AMP swab test (multiple correlation coefficient = 0.723, p = 0.002). In conclusion, the values provided by the ATP + AMP swab test were not always correlated to the bacteria count. The results of this study suggest that the subjective assessment of oral hygiene was more highly correlated with the results of the ATP + AMP swab test, as compared to the bacterial count assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Iwawaki
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Yuki Muraoka
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Higashiyama
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Kishimoto
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Lipei Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Takaharu Goto
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Tetsuo Ichikawa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
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Hasegawa Y, Sakuramoto A, Sugita H, Hasegawa K, Horii N, Sawada T, Shinmura K, Kishimoto H. Relationship between oral environment and frailty among older adults dwelling in a rural Japanese community: a cross-sectional observational study. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:23. [PMID: 30669995 PMCID: PMC6343281 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral functions are known to decline with aging. However, there is limited evidence that supports the relationship between oral health and frailty. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between oral hygiene conditions, measured by remaining teeth and mucosa, and frailty among elderly people dwelling in a Japanese rural community. Methods We surveyed self-reliant elderly individuals aged ≥65 years who were dwelling in the Sasayama-Tamba area of Hyogo, Japan. Frailty was evaluated according to the total score of the Kihon Checklist (KCL). Based on the KCL score, elderly participants were divided into three groups: robust, pre-frail, and frail. The items measured to evaluate oral environment included the number of remaining teeth, denture usage condition, oral hygiene status, dry mouth condition, and salivary bacterial count. For statistical analysis, Fisher’s exact test, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple comparison technique were used. Results Of 308 elderly participants, 203 (65.9%), 85 (27.6%), and 20 (6.5%) belonged to the robust, pre-frail, and frail groups, respectively. The proportion of participants who were judged to have poor hygiene was significantly higher in the frail group than in the other two groups. The bacterial count was significantly smaller in the frail group than in the robust group, and the frail group had fewer number of remaining teeth than the other two groups, suggesting that the number of remaining teeth may be associated with bacterial count. Conclusion In elderly adults, physical frailty may affect the oral hygiene status and condition of the remaining teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Hasegawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan. .,Division of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 5274, Gakkocho-dori 2-bancho, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan.
| | - Ayumi Sakuramoto
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Sugita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Kana Hasegawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuhide Horii
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Sawada
- Hyogo Dental Association, 5-7-18 Yamamoto-dori, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0003, Japan
| | - Ken Shinmura
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Kishimoto
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan.
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Tajima S, Ryu M, Ogami K, Ueda T, Sakurai K. Time-dependent effects of tongue cleaning with mouthwash or mouth moisturising gel on the number of microbes on the tongue surface of elders with care needs. Gerodontology 2017; 34:427-433. [DOI: 10.1111/ger.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Tajima
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - Masahiro Ryu
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - Koichiro Ogami
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - Takayuki Ueda
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kaoru Sakurai
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
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Fernandez RE, Rohani A, Farmehini V, Swami NS. Review: Microbial analysis in dielectrophoretic microfluidic systems. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 966:11-33. [PMID: 28372723 PMCID: PMC5424535 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by various known and emerging pathogenic microorganisms, including antibiotic-resistant strains, are a major threat to global health and well-being. This highlights the urgent need for detection systems for microbial identification, quantification and characterization towards assessing infections, prescribing therapies and understanding the dynamic cellular modifications. Current state-of-the-art microbial detection systems exhibit a trade-off between sensitivity and assay time, which could be alleviated by selective and label-free microbial capture onto the sensor surface from dilute samples. AC electrokinetic methods, such as dielectrophoresis, enable frequency-selective capture of viable microbial cells and spores due to polarization based on their distinguishing size, shape and sub-cellular compositional characteristics, for downstream coupling to various detection modalities. Following elucidation of the polarization mechanisms that distinguish bacterial cells from each other, as well as from mammalian cells, this review compares the microfluidic platforms for dielectrophoretic manipulation of microbials and their coupling to various detection modalities, including immuno-capture, impedance measurement, Raman spectroscopy and nucleic acid amplification methods, as well as for phenotypic assessment of microbial viability and antibiotic susceptibility. Based on the urgent need within point-of-care diagnostics towards reducing assay times and enhancing capture of the target organism, as well as the emerging interest in isolating intact microbials based on their phenotype and subcellular features, we envision widespread adoption of these label-free and selective electrokinetic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renny E Fernandez
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Ali Rohani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Vahid Farmehini
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Nathan S Swami
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
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Obata T, Ueda T, Sakurai K. Inhibition of denture plaque by TiO 2 coating on denture base resins in the mouth. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 118:759-764. [PMID: 28434680 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Information is lacking about antiadhesion effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) coating on denture base resins in the mouth. PURPOSE The purpose of this clinical study was to investigate the antiadhesion effect of TiO2 coating on denture base resins. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten healthy dentate participants (mean 27 ±2 years of age) participated in this study. Disks and palatal appliances were made with denture base resin. They were divided into 2 groups: a TiO2-coated group and an uncoated group. A primer and a top coat containing TiO2 were applied to the surfaces of the resin by means of an air spray. In the denture plaque staining test, resin disks were fixed to the retainer, placed in each participant's mouth for 3 days, and stained with a dental plaque-disclosing solution. The staining rate was calculated. The resin disks and palatal appliances were used to measure the total number of microbes. The resin specimens were placed in each participant's mouth for either 3 or 7 days and swabbed to count the total number of microbes. The chewing gum adherence test was performed both subjectively and objectively. Subjectively, each participant wearing a palatal appliance rated adherence using a visual analog scale. The objective test was performed with a chewing gum adhesion test. The staining rate, the total number of microbes, and the visual analog scale values were statistically analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test, and the adhesive force was statistically analyzed using a Student t test. RESULTS In the denture plaque staining test, the measurement of microbes, and the resin chewing gum adherence test results, significant differences were observed between the TiO2-coated groups and the uncoated groups. CONCLUSIONS TiO2 coating of the denture base acrylic resin inhibited the adhesion of microbes, denture plaque, and highly adhesive food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokuni Obata
- Postgraduate student, Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ueda
- Associate Professor, Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kaoru Sakurai
- Professor, Chair, Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakagami G, Mori M, Yoshida M, Kitamura A, Hayashi A, Miyagaki T, Sasaki S, Sugama J, Sanada H. Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability outcomes of a rapid bacteria counting system with pressure ulcer samples. J Wound Care 2017; 26:S27-S31. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2017.26.sup2.s27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Nakagami
- Lecturer, Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Mori
- Head Nurse, Department of Nursing, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Yoshida
- Assistant Professor, Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Kitamura
- Graduate Student, Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Hayashi
- Clinical Fellow, Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T. Miyagaki
- Lecturer, Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Sasaki
- WOC Nurse, Department of Nursing, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J. Sugama
- Professor, Advanced Health Care Science Research Unit, Innovative Integrated Bio-Research Core, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - H. Sanada
- Professor, Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Watanabe K, Kijima S, Nonaka C, Matsukawa Y, Yamazoe K. Inhibitory effect for proliferation of oral bacteria in dogs by tooth brushing and application of toothpaste. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:1205-8. [PMID: 27062999 PMCID: PMC4976280 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate inhibitory effect for oral bacterial proliferation, we divided 12 dogs into 3 groups; scaling alone (C; control group), brushing (B) and application of toothpaste (P). Before scaling (Pre) and at 0 to 8 weeks after scaling (0-8 w), we collected oral bacteria from the dental surface every week and counted them using a bacterial counter. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in the number of oral bacteria for group B relative to Pre and group C, as well as for group P relative to group C at 5-7 w. Consequently, brushing may inhibit an increase in the number of oral bacteria, and toothpaste may be effective at a certain level, although not more than that of brushing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Watanabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Tohara T, Kikutani T, Tamura F, Yoshida M, Kuboki T. Multicentered epidemiological study of factors associated with total bacterial count in the saliva of older people requiring nursing care. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 17:219-225. [PMID: 26800022 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To clarify whether the number of present teeth, independent of other well-known factors, was associated with the total bacterial count in the saliva of older people requiring care at nursing homes in a multicentered epidemiological survey. METHOD The participants were 618 older people (mean age 86.8 ± 6.9 years; 122 men, 496 women) residing in 14 nursing homes across Japan. The dependent variable was the participant's salivary bacterial count, and the independent variables were basic demographic data, oral conditions and activity of daily living (measured by Barthel Index). Statistical analysis was first carried out by Student's t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analysis. Independent variables found to have a significant relationship to their salivary bacterial count by the univariate analyses were further examined by stepwise multivariate analysis. RESULTS The independent variables shown by univariate analysis to have a significant positive relationship with higher salivary bacterial count were presence of food residue (P = 0.001), absence of mouth dryness (P = 0.001), need of oral care assistance (P = 0.001), inability to keep the mouth opened (P = 0.009), inability to gargle (P = 0.002), denture use (P = 0.004), higher number of present teeth (P = 0.006) and lower Barthel Index (P = 0.001). Subsequent multivariate analysis identified presence of food residue (P = 0.031), higher number of present teeth (P = 0.043) and lower Barthel Index (P = 0.001) as independent associated factors for higher salivary bacterial count. CONCLUSIONS The present study found that presence of food residue, higher number of present teeth and decreased activity of daily living were significantly related to higher bacterial count in the saliva of older people requiring care. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 219-225.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tohara
- Division of Rehabilitation for Speech and Swallowing Disorders, Nippon Dental University Tama Oral Rehabilitation Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kikutani
- Division of Rehabilitation for Speech and Swallowing Disorders, Nippon Dental University Tama Oral Rehabilitation Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan.,Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Fumiyo Tamura
- Division of Rehabilitation for Speech and Swallowing Disorders, Nippon Dental University Tama Oral Rehabilitation Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Takuo Kuboki
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Pilot study on novel skin care method by augmentation with Staphylococcus epidermidis, an autologous skin microbe – A blinded randomized clinical trial. J Dermatol Sci 2015; 79:119-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Watanabe K, Hayashi K, Kijima S, Nonaka C, Yamazoe K. Tooth brushing inhibits oral bacteria in dogs. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:1323-5. [PMID: 25994486 PMCID: PMC4638305 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, scaling, polishing and daily tooth brushing were performed in 20 beagle
dogs, and the number of oral bacteria was determined using a bacterial counter. The dogs
were randomized into the scaling (S), scaling + polishing (SP), scaling + tooth daily
brushing (SB) and scaling + polishing + tooth daily brushing (SPB) groups. Samples were
collected from the buccal surface of the maxillary fourth premolars of the dogs
immediately after scaling and every week thereafter from weeks 1 to 8. Throughout the
study, the number of bacteria was significantly lower in the SB and SPB groups compared
with the S group. The findings suggest that daily tooth brushing inhibited oral bacterial
growth in the dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Watanabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Ishii Y, Imamura K, Kikuchi Y, Miyagawa S, Hamada R, Sekino J, Sugito H, Ishihara K, Saito A. Point-of-care detection of Tannerella forsythia using an antigen-antibody assisted dielectrophoretic impedance measurement method. Microb Pathog 2015; 82:37-42. [PMID: 25812473 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The importance of periodontal treatment planning based on diagnosis with clinical detection of periodontal pathogens has been well recognized. However, reliable detection and quantification methods that can be conveniently used at chair-side have yet to be developed. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical use of a novel apparatus which uses an antigen-antibody reaction assisted dielectrophoretic impedance measurement (AA-DEPIM) for the detection of a prominent periodontal pathogen, Tannerella forsythia. A total of 15 patients with a clinical diagnosis of chronic periodontitis, three periodontally healthy volunteers and two with gingivitis were subjected to clinical and microbiological examinations. Saliva samples were analyzed for the presence of T. forsythia using AA-DEPIM, PCR-Invader and real-time PCR methods. The measurement values for total bacteria and T. forsythia using the prototype AA-DEPIM apparatus were significantly greater in periodontitis group than those in healthy/gingivitis group. Using the AA-DEPIM apparatus with tentative cut-off values, T. forsythia was detected for 14 (12 with periodontitis and 2 either healthy or with gingivitis) out of 20 individuals. The measurement for the detection of T. forsythia by the AA-DEPIM method showed a significant positive correlation with the detection by PCR-Invader (r = 0.541, p = 0.01) and the real-time PCR method (r = 0.834, p = 0.01). When the PCR-Invader method was used as a reference, the sensitivity and specificity of the AA-DEPIM method were 76.5% and 100%, respectively. The results suggested that the AA-DEPIM method has potential to be used for clinically evaluating salivary presence of T. forsythia at chair-side. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) UMIN000012181.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Ishii
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Kentaro Imamura
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kikuchi
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyagawa
- Panasonic Healthcare, 2-38-5 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8433, Japan
| | - Ryo Hamada
- Panasonic Healthcare, 2-38-5 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8433, Japan
| | - Jin Sekino
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sugito
- Department of Clinical Oral Health Science, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Ishihara
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Atsushi Saito
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan.
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Hirota K, Inagaki S, Hamada R, Ishihara K, Miyake Y. Evaluation of a rapid oral bacteria quantification system using dielectrophoresis and the impedance measurement. Biocontrol Sci 2014; 19:45-9. [PMID: 24670618 DOI: 10.4265/bio.19.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the availability of the dielectrophoretic impedance measurement (DEPIM) system as the evaluator for oral care, we evaluated the usefulness of DEPIM system by comparison with the standard plate counting (SPC) method. First, the relationship between the DEPIM results and bacterial concentration measured by SPC was clarified. Next, the measurement of the microorganism number in a mixed suspension was evaluated with DEPIM and SPC. The bacterial counts with DEPIM strongly correlated with those with SPC (r(2)=0.633-0.997) and this correlation was also shown in the measurement of a mixed bacterial suspension (ranging from 10(5) to 10(8) cfu/ml) of two bacterial species. Moreover, the experiments using dissociating enzymes to eliminate the influence of the size of the bacterial aggregates demonstrated that the microbial measurement results with DEPIM are unaffected by bacterial aggregates. This study demonstrated that bacterial counts with DEPIM strongly correlated with those with SPC and were unaffected by bacterial aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Hirota
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School
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Kikutani T, Tamura F, Tashiro H, Yoshida M, Konishi K, Hamada R. Relationship between oral bacteria count and pneumonia onset in elderly nursing home residents. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2014; 15:417-21. [PMID: 25130073 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM Oral bacteria, which are a source of infection for aspiration pneumonia, were examined in frail older adults with the aim of establishing a standard bacteria count that indicates the risk of pneumonia onset in this group. METHODS A survey of bacteria count in the saliva using a simple instrument for measurement of the number of oral bacteria, along with factors including swallowing function and nutritional status, was carried out in 691 elderly individuals requiring care (137 men; mean age 82.6 ± 8.3 years; 554 women; mean age 88.0 ± 7.1 years; total mean age 86.7 ± 7.8 years) at 16 nursing homes in Japan. All participants gave their consent for inclusion in the present study. During a 6-month follow-up period, participants who developed pneumonia were identified, and relationships between the factors measured at the start of the period and pneumonia onset were examined. RESULTS During the 6-month follow-up period, 33 participants (4.8%; 5 men, 28 women; mean age 88.3 ± 7.4 years) developed pneumonia. Pneumonia onset was significantly associated with reduced activities of daily living, swallowing dysfunction and undernourishment. Logistic regression analysis identified a saliva bacteria count of 10(8.5) colony-forming units/mL as an independent explanatory factor for pneumonia onset (P = 0.012, RR = 3.759). CONCLUSIONS Oral bacteria count of 10(8.5) colony-forming units/mL saliva in an elderly person requiring care was identified as a risk factor for pneumonia onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kikutani
- Division of Clinical Oral Rehabilitation, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Japan; Division of Rehabilitation for Speech and Swallowing Disorders, Nippon Dental University Tama Oral Rehabilitation Clinic, Japan
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Nakagami G, Yoshida S, Matsumoto M, Koyano Y, Yamamoto Y, Sugama J, Sanada H. A new objective evaluation method for PU cleansing using a rapid bacteria counting system. J Wound Care 2013; 22:278-81. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2013.22.5.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Nakagami
- Department of Gerontological Nursing and Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Yoshida
- Department of Gerontological Nursing and Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Matsumoto
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Y. Koyano
- Department of Gerontological Nursing and Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y. Yamamoto
- Department of Gerontological Nursing and Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J. Sugama
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - H. Sanada
- Department of Gerontological Nursing and Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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