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Wang T, Jiang Q. Recent trend and correlates of induced abortion in China: evidence from the 2017 China Fertility Survey. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:469. [PMID: 36434604 PMCID: PMC9700931 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-02074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there are more than 10 million induced abortions per year in China, there are few comprehensive, systematic, and characteristic-based data on induced abortions among Chinese women. This study aims to examine the overall trend in induced abortions in China and to analyze the correlation between induced abortions and some socio-economic factors. METHODS Drawing from the 2017 China Fertility Survey, this study analyzed induced abortions using multiple indicators from period and cohort perspectives on a sample of 240,957 women. The indicators include the abortion rate and proportion, average age at the time of induced abortion, age-specific cumulative proportions, and the number of induced abortions by cohort. The analysis also differentiated based on residency, ethnicity, education level, and marital status. A binomial logistic regression model was used to examine the association between induced abortions and socio-economic factors. RESULTS Between 2006 and 2016, among women aged 15-49, there was an increase in the induced abortion rate and the average age of women who had induced abortions, but a decline in the proportion of abortions. The proportion of induced abortion was higher among premarital than post-marital pregnancies, among unintended than planned pregnancies. Women with induced abortion experiences accounted for less than 30% of all cohorts, and the cumulative number of induced abortions per woman in each cohort was less than 0.45. These indicators varied with birth cohort, residence, ethnicity, education level, and marital status. The results of binomial logistic regression confirmed the association between induced abortion and these socio-economic variables. Sex-selective abortions of female fetuses still exist, despite the government's considerable efforts to eliminate them. CONCLUSION The practice of induced abortions differs by cohort and socio-economic characteristics. The profile of women who resort to abortions in China has shifted from well-educated urban women to rural, less-educated women. More effective measures should be taken by the government to reduce the number of induced abortions among women with higher abortion risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243School of Public Policy and Administration, Institute for Population and Development Studies, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Quanbao Jiang
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243School of Public Policy and Administration, Institute for Population and Development Studies, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Abstract
Low fertility has persisted in Japan for decades. Sexless marriages may indirectly contribute to low fertility. Inactive sexual lives within intimate and committed relationships may be linked to sexual activity outside such relationships, called “casual sex”. This study aimed to explore the correlates of casual sex and sexlessness. A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted among married and single men (n = 4000) aged 20–54 years in Japan. Sexlessness were reported by 56% of men, whereas 11% had had casual sex and 31% had had non-casual sex (with spouse, fiancé, or girlfriends/boyfriends) in the last month. Among married men, higher income and long working hours were positively associated with casual sex. Regarding never-married men: those with lower educational status and without full-time jobs were more likely to report casual sex, those in rural areas were more likely to be sexless than those in urban and suburban areas, and those with depression were more likely to be sexless than those without depression. Matching app use was strongly associated with casual sex among married and never-married men, suggesting that such tools may facilitate sexual activity outside committed and intimate relationships. Sexual behavior is closely linked to one’s social and economic environment and health status.
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Gietel-Basten SA, Verropoulou G. (Un)married with children? Exploring marriage between parities in Hong Kong. ASIAN POPULATION STUDIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2021.1984035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A. Gietel-Basten
- Division of Social Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Georgia Verropoulou
- Department of Statistics and Insurance Science, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
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Raymo JM, Park H. Social stratification and family change in Japan and Korea. ASIAN POPULATION STUDIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2021.1930437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyunjoon Park
- Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Zhao X, Basnyat I. Lived Experiences of Unwed Single Mothers: Exploring the Relationship between Structural Violence and Agency in the Context of Chinese Reproductive Health Discourse. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2021; 36:293-302. [PMID: 31650862 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2019.1683953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
China's family planning policy prioritizes the state and has historically silenced the voices of women in their own reproductive discourse. Unwed single Chinese mothers are in particular penalized and remain invisible in the national reproductive health discourse that promotes childbirth only within the institution of marriage. Drawing on Giddens' theoretical framework of structure-agency, thirty in-depth interviews were conducted to understand the lived experiences of Chinese unwed single mothers. Specifically, this study explored the ways in which structural violence is communicatively enacted in the interactions within institutions such as police station, family planning office and health care system; and interpersonal relationships such as family and neighbors that silence the voices of the unwed single mothers. Further the study also explored the ways in which the women enact their agency to navigate these macro and micro level constrains and limitations. The findings revealed that the women's experience of structural violence is often a manifestation of the state-controlled sexuality discourse in the social institutions and interpersonal relationships, and highlighted the women's agency enactment through employing various communicative behaviors to manage these day-to-day struggles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Zhao
- Research Center of Journalism and Social Development, School of Journalism and Communication, Renmin University of China
| | - Iccha Basnyat
- School of Communication Studies, James Madison University
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Job characteristics, marital intentions, and partner-seeking actions: Longitudinal evidence from Japan. DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH 2020; 43:1509-1544. [PMID: 34040496 PMCID: PMC8143055 DOI: 10.4054/demres.2020.43.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most research linking jobs to marriage formation focuses on how job contexts and prospects affect singles’ paces of entering marriage. Direct evidence on whether job traits shape singles’ desire for marriage and actions toward forming a union remains scarce. OBJECTIVE We examine how changes in a range of job characteristics correspond to alterations in never-married people’s intention to marry and actions taken to meet romantic partners in Japan, a country with increasing inequality in job quality and declining marriage rates. METHODS We use longitudinal data from the Japan Life Course Panel Survey to fit fixed-effects models, which take into account unobserved heterogeneity among people with differing jobs. RESULTS We find that rises in job insecurity and workplace staffing shortages weaken, whereas increases in income and job autonomy strengthen, men’s intention to marry. Moreover, men with a low marriage desire are especially likely to withdraw from partner-seeking activities when they have low-income jobs or face great deadline pressure at work. Job prospects and quality are generally less important to women’s desire for marriage or partner-seeking actions. Nevertheless, being in workplaces where teamwork is prevalent, which could enhance singles’ exposure to married and older coworkers, raises both women’s intention to marry and their probability of using a formal method, such as employing a marriage agency, to find a partner. CONCLUSIONS For Japanese men, our results offer support for the argument that economic stagnation and deterioration of job quality are conducive to later and fewer marriages. The findings for women, however, are more consistent with the narrative focusing on values and social influences. CONTRIBUTIONS This study enriches our understanding of singles’ considerations of marriage and partner search and provides highly rigorous evidence on the roles of job conditions.
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7
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Marriage counterfactuals in Japan: Variation by gender, marital status, and time. DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.4054/demres.2020.43.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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8
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Qian Y, Jin Y. Premarital Pregnancy in China: Cohort Trends and Educational Gradients. Stud Fam Plann 2020; 51:273-291. [PMID: 32944963 DOI: 10.1111/sifp.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In China, premarital sexual and reproductive behavior is seldom considered and poorly understood. Increases in premarital pregnancy are thought to not only illuminate a decoupling of marriage and sexual/reproductive behavior but also serve as a key feature of family change in East Asia. This study assesses change across cohorts in the likelihood of premarital pregnancy and the extent to which change differs by educational attainment. Drawing on the 2017 China Fertility Survey, we apply a discrete-time, competing-risk survival analysis to a nationally representative sample of 221,990 women born between 1960 and 1999. Women born in the 1980s and 1990s are more likely than those born in the 1960s and 1970s to experience a pregnancy prior to first marriage. This cohort trend is driven by increases in premarital pregnancy among women with a high school education or less. The less educated women and their college counterparts increasingly diverge in the likelihood of experiencing a premarital pregnancy. The diverging patterns of premarital pregnancy underscore the urgency to shift the focus of China's family planning programs from fertility control to reproductive health, with an emphasis on providing information and services to disadvantaged unmarried individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qian
- Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Yongai Jin
- Center for Population and Development Studies, Renmin University of China, Room 601 Chongde West Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 100872, China
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9
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Educational and age assortative mating in China: The importance of marriage order. DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.4054/demres.2019.41.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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10
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Order matters: The effect of premarital pregnancy on second childbearing in Japan. DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.4054/demres.2018.39.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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11
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Gietel-Basten S, Verropoulou G. The changing relationship between marriage and childbearing in Hong Kong. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194948. [PMID: 29596466 PMCID: PMC5915049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Births outside marriage (BoM) account for around 15% of all births globally.
However, the distribution around the world is very uneven, as are cultural and
political attitudes towards them. Studies from East Asia have shown that the
percentage of such births is very low, with only modest increases in recent
years. The orthodox demographic view holds that the maintenance of conservative
views around the relationship between marriage and childbearing can play a role
in keeping fertility low. Prenuptial pregnancies (PNP) (where births occur
within eight months of marriage) have been identified as a growing phenomenon in
Japan, possibly being an ‘alternative’ Asian pathway to family formation. As
yet, no comprehensive statistical analysis of the trends of BoM or PNP has been
performed for Hong Kong. Using a comprehensive microdata set of birth
registration in Hong Kong from 1984–2015 (N = 1,680,831) we provide evidence of
recent trends in such ‘alternative pathways’ to family formation and examine
predictors through regression analysis. Our results indicate, in common with
elsewhere in East Asia, low overall period rates of either BoM or PNP (although
the latter has risen notably in recent years). While more recent birth cohorts
exhibit higher prevalence of such births, their incomplete nature and higher
expected propensity suggests that the figures are exaggerated. In our regression
analysis, we find that lower educational attainment is a strong predictor of
both BoM and PNP, suggesting that a bifurcation of experience may be occurring.
This adds further evidence to the theory that the maintenance of traditional
family formation systems in the context of revolutionised educational and work
opportunities for women mean that the opportunity costs of the ‘marriage
package’ become too high. Current disparities in rights and privileges between
married and unmarried parents–and especially their children–means that targeted
family planning services and support for vulnerable families are policy
priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Gietel-Basten
- Division of Social Science and Division of Public Policy, The Hong Kong
University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR,
People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Georgia Verropoulou
- Department of Statistics and Insurance Science, University of Piraeus,
Piraeus, Greece
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12
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Zhao X, Basnyat I. Online social support for “Danqin Mama”: A case study of parenting discussion forum for unwed single mothers in China. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Yu WH, Kuo JCL. Explaining the Effect of Parent-Child Coresidence on Marriage Formation: The Case of Japan. Demography 2017; 53:1283-1318. [PMID: 27624323 DOI: 10.1007/s13524-016-0494-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Many single adult children in countries around the world live with their parents. Such coresidence has been thought to delay the transition to first marriage, although the exact reasons for the delay have not been sufficiently examined. Using panel data from Japan, we investigate whether changes in never-married adults' residential status lead to alterations in their marital aspirations, courtship behaviors, romantic opportunities, and perceived obstacles to marrying. Our estimation of fixed-effects models helps address potential bias caused by single individuals' selection into living in the parental home. The analysis indicates that living with parents is associated with a lower probability of forming romantic relationships, thereby decelerating the transition to first marriage. The never-married, however, do not desire marriage less, put less effort into finding romantic partners, or have fewer opportunities to meet potential partners when coresiding with parents. Overall, the findings suggest that living in the parental home increases never-married men's contentment with their immediate social environment, whereas it decreases women's psychological readiness to transition into adult roles, making both men and women less eager to settle into a romantic relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsin Yu
- Department of Sociology, University of Maryland, 2112 Parren Mitchell Art-Sociology Building, College Park, MD, 20742-1315, USA.
| | - Janet Chen-Lan Kuo
- Department of Sociology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
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14
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Another work-family interface: Work characteristics and family intentions in Japan. DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.4054/demres.2017.36.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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15
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KONISHI S, TAMAKI E. Pregnancy intention and contraceptive use among married and unmarried women in Japan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3861/jshhe.82.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko KONISHI
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington
| | - Emi TAMAKI
- College of Social Sciences, Ritsumeikan University
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Simões TA, Alberto IM. “But … we are Africans!”: Family life cycle structuring and functioning in southern Angola. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2015.1124602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel Marques Alberto
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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17
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Raymo JM, Park H, Xie Y, Yeung WJJ. Marriage and Family in East Asia: Continuity and Change. ANNUAL REVIEW OF SOCIOLOGY 2015; 41:471-492. [PMID: 30078932 PMCID: PMC6070151 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-073014-112428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Trends toward later and less marriage and childbearing in East Asia have been even more pronounced than in the West. At the same time, many other features of East Asian families have changed very little. We review recent research on trends in a wide range of family behaviors in China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. We also draw upon a range of theoretical frameworks to argue that trends in marriage and fertility reflect tension between rapid social and economic change and limited change in family expectations and obligations. We discuss how this tension may be contributing to growing socioeconomic differences in patterns of family formation. This focus on East Asia extends research on the second demographic transition in the West by describing how rapid decline in marriage and fertility rates can occur in the absence of major changes in family attitudes or rising individualism.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Raymo
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Sociology, 1180 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI 53706. tel: 608-262-2783, fax: 608-262-8400
| | - Hyunjoon Park
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Sociology, 3718 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104. tel: 215-898-0942, fax: 215-573-2081
| | - Yu Xie
- University of Michigan, Department of Sociology, 426 Thompson, P.O. Box 1248, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248. tel: 734-936-0039, fax: 734-763-1428
| | - Wei-Jun Jean Yeung
- National University of Singapore, Department of Sociology and Asia Research Institute, 11 Arts Link, As1, Level 3, Singapore 117570, tel: 6516-4549, fax: 6779-1428
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Raymo JM, Musick K, Iwasawa M. Gender Equity, Opportunity Costs of Parenthood, and Educational Differences in Unintended First Births: Insights from Japan. POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW 2015; 34:179-199. [PMID: 25914433 PMCID: PMC4406482 DOI: 10.1007/s11113-014-9348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We examine educational differences in the intendedness of first births in Japan using data from a nationally representative survey of married women (N = 2,373). We begin by describing plausible scenarios for a negative, null, and positive educational gradient in unintended first births. In contrast to well-established results from the U.S., we find evidence of a positive educational gradient in Japan. Net of basic demographic controls, university graduates are more likely than less-educated women to report first births as unintended. This pattern is consistent with a scenario emphasizing the high opportunity costs of motherhood in countries such as Japan where growing opportunities for women in employment and other domains of public life have not been accompanied by changes in the highly asymmetric roles of men and women within the family. We discuss potential implications of this suggestive finding for other low-fertility settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Raymo
- Department of Sociology and Center for Demography and Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1180 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Kelly Musick
- Department of Policy Analysis and Management and Cornell Population Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Miho Iwasawa
- National Institute of Social Security and Population Research, Tokyo, Japan
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Shirahase S, Raymo JM. Single Mothers and Poverty in Japan: The Role of Intergenerational Coresidence. SOCIAL FORCES; A SCIENTIFIC MEDIUM OF SOCIAL STUDY AND INTERPRETATION 2014; 93:545-569. [PMID: 30089932 PMCID: PMC6078430 DOI: 10.1093/sf/sou077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Single mothers' relatively high levels of poverty are well documented, but the role that intergenerational coresidence may play in mitigating this disadvantage is not well understood. In this paper, we use multiple rounds of a large national survey between 1986 and 2007 (n = 67,252) to evaluate the extent to which income sharing via intergenerational coresidence limits poverty among single mothers in Japan. Results indicate that conventional poverty rates based on single-mother households overstate the prevalence of poverty among single mothers by 12-20 percent as a result of excluding those who are coresiding with parents. We find no evidence that the prevalence of intergenerational coresidence has changed in a way that would offset the poverty-increasing effect of growth in single parenthood. Finally, we show not only that shared income is the most important factor in limiting poverty among single mothers living with parents, but also that many single mothers are coresiding with parents who are themselves economically disadvantaged. We discuss the implications of our findings for understanding relationships between rapid family change and poverty in countries like Japan, where public income support for single mothers is limited and where family support via intergenerational coresidence is both common and normative.
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Lee JY, Park JS, Jun JK, Shin SH, Ko YJ, Park SM. The associations between bridal pregnancy and obstetric outcomes among live births in Korea: population-based study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103178. [PMID: 25105842 PMCID: PMC4126680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In East Asia the recently increased number of marriages in response to pregnancy is an important social issue. This study evaluated the association of marriage preceded by pregnancy (bridal pregnancy) with obstetric outcomes among live births in Korea. Methods In this population-based study, 1,152,593 first singleton births were evaluated from data registered in the national birth registration database from 2004 to 2008 in Korea. In the study population, the pregnancy outcomes among live births from the bridal pregnancy group (N = 62,590) were compared with the outcomes of the post-marital pregnancy group (N = 564,749), composed of women who gave birth after 10 months but before 24 months of marriage. The variables preterm birth (PTB; <37 weeks gestation) and low birth weight (LBW; <2.5 kg) were used to determine the primary outcome. The adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated after controlling for socio-demographic factors. Results The socio-demographic factors among the bridal pregnancy group were associated with a social disadvantage and particular risk factors. In the subgroup analyses of maternal age, differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes from bridal pregnancy were identified between women in the following age group: (i) ≤19, (ii) 20–39, and (iii) ≥40 years. After the multivariate analysis, the aORs for each age group were 1.47 (95% CI: 1.15–1.89), 1.76 (1.70–1.83), and 1.13 (0.77–1.66), respectively, for PTB and 0.92 (0.70–1.21), 1.60 (1.53–1.66), and 1.11 (0.71–1.74), respectively, for LBW. In the adjusted logistic regression models, bridal pregnancy was associated with PTB (1.76, 1.69–1.82) and LBW (1.53, 1.48–1.59). Conclusion Pregnancy outcomes among live births from bridal pregnancies are associated with higher risks for PTB and LBW in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yun Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong Shin Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Kwan Jun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Han Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Young-Jin Ko
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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21
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Baranowska-Rataj A, Vilquin É. Décomposition des tendances de la fécondité hors mariage en Pologne. POPULATION 2014. [DOI: 10.3917/popu.1402.0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Abstract
This article documents the prevalence, duration, and marital outcomes of cohabiting unions in Japan. It then examines the correlates of cohabitation experiences and also describes differences in the family-formation trajectories of women who have and have not cohabited. Cohabitation has increased rapidly among recent cohorts of women, and cohabiting unions in Japan tend to be relatively short in duration and are almost as likely to dissolve as to result in marriage. Life table analyses demonstrate that the cumulative probabilities of marriage and parenthood within marriage are roughly similar for women who did and those who did not cohabit. The most notable difference is in the pathways to family formation, with women who cohabited more likely both to marry subsequent to pregnancy and to delay childbearing within marriage. Taken as a whole, these results suggest that cohabiting unions in Japan are best viewed as an emerging prelude to marriage rather than as an alternative to marriage or singlehood. We conclude with speculation about the likelihood of further increases in cohabitation in Japan and the potential implications for marriage and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Raymo
- Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, William H. Sewell Building, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Jones GW, Gubhaju B. FACTORS INFLUENCING CHANGES IN MEAN AGE AT FIRST MARRIAGE AND PROPORTIONS NEVER MARRYING IN THE LOW-FERTILITY COUNTRIES OF EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA. ASIAN POPULATION STUDIES 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/17441730903351487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Bumpass LL, Rindfuss RR, Choe MK, Tsuya NO. THE INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT OF LOW FERTILITY. ASIAN POPULATION STUDIES 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/17441730903351479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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