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Noda S, Yamada A, Asawa Y, Nakamura H, Matsumura T, Orimo H, Goseki-Sone M. Characterization and Structure of Alternatively Spliced Transcript Variant of Human Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase (ALPI) Gene. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2022; 68:284-293. [PMID: 36047100 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.68.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase (IAP) is expressed at a high concentration in the brush border membrane of intestinal epithelial cells and is known to be a gut mucosal defense factor. In humans, a single gene (ALPI) for IAP has been isolated, and its transcription produces two kinds of alternatively spliced mRNAs (aAug10 and bAug10). Recently, we discovered that vitamin D up-regulated the expression of both types of human IAP alternative splicing variants in Caco-2 cells. However, the functional difference of protein encoded by the mRNA variants has remained elusive. In the present study, we aimed to provide further insight into the characterization and structure of IAP isoforms. To analyze the protein translated from the ALPI gene, we constructed two kinds of cDNA expression plasmids (aAug10 and bAug10), and the transfected cells were homogenized and assayed for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. We also designed the homology-modeled 3D structures of the protein encoded by the mRNA variants (ALPI-aAug10 and ALPI-bAug10). The levels of ALP activity of COS-1 cells transfected with the aAug10 plasmid were increased significantly, while cells transfected with the bAug10 plasmid had undetectable ALP activity. The homology-modeled 3D structures revealed that the variant bAug10 lacks the central N-terminal α-helix and residue corresponding to Asp-42 of ALPI-aAug10 near the active site. This is the first report on the characterization and structure of alternatively spliced transcript variants of the human ALPI gene. Further studies on the regulation of aAug10 and/or bAug10 mRNA expression may identify novel physiological functions of IAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiko Noda
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University
| | - Asako Yamada
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University
| | - Yasunobu Asawa
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | | | - Hideo Orimo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School
| | - Masae Goseki-Sone
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University
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2
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Monitoring protein conformational changes using fluorescent nanoantennas. Nat Methods 2022; 19:71-80. [PMID: 34969985 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01355-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between protein structural dynamics and function is crucial for both basic research and biotechnology. However, methods for studying the fast dynamics of structural changes are limited. Here, we introduce fluorescent nanoantennas as a spectroscopic technique to sense and report protein conformational changes through noncovalent dye-protein interactions. Using experiments and molecular simulations, we detect and characterize five distinct conformational states of intestinal alkaline phosphatase, including the transient enzyme-substrate complex. We also explored the universality of the nanoantenna strategy with another model protein, Protein G and its interaction with antibodies, and demonstrated a rapid screening strategy to identify efficient nanoantennas. These versatile nanoantennas can be used with diverse dyes to monitor small and large conformational changes, suggesting that they could be used to characterize diverse protein movements or in high-throughput screening applications.
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Aliev G, Li Y, Chubarev VN, Lebedeva SA, Parshina LN, Trofimov BA, Sologova SS, Makhmutova A, Avila-Rodriguez MF, Klochkov SG, Galenko-Yaroshevsky PA, Tarasov VV. Application of Acyzol in the Context of Zinc Deficiency and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2104. [PMID: 31035445 PMCID: PMC6539662 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is one of the most important essential trace elements. It is involved in more than 300 enzyme systems and is an indispensable participant in many biochemical processes. Zinc deficiency causes a number of disorders in the human body, the main ones being the delay of growth and puberty, immune disorders, and cognitive dysfunctions. There are over two billion people in the world suffering from zinc deficiency conditions. Acyzol, a zinc-containing medicine, developed as an antidote against carbon monoxide poisoning, demonstrates a wide range of pharmacological activities: Anti-inflammatory, reparative, detoxifying, immunomodulatory, bacteriostatic, hepatoprotective, adaptogenic, antioxidant, antihypoxic, and cardioprotective. The presence of zinc in the composition of Acyzol suggests the potential of the drug in the treatment and prevention of zinc deficiency conditions, such as Prasad's disease, immune system pathology, alopecia, allergodermatoses, prostate dysfunction, psoriasis, stomatitis, periodontitis, and delayed mental and physical development in children. Currently, the efficiency of Acyzol in the cases of zinc deficiency is shown in a large number of experimental studies. So, Acyzol can be used as a highly effective drug for pharmacologic therapy of a wide range of diseases and conditions and it opens up new perspectives in the treatment and prevention of zinc deficiency conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gjumrakch Aliev
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia.
- GALLY International Research Institute, 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive #330, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, TX 78363, USA.
| | - Vladimir N Chubarev
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Svetlana A Lebedeva
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Lidiya N Parshina
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky Str., Irkutsk 664033, Russia.
| | - Boris A Trofimov
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky Str., Irkutsk 664033, Russia.
| | - Susanna S Sologova
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Alfiya Makhmutova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia.
| | - Marco F Avila-Rodriguez
- Universidad del Tolima, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barrio Santa Helena, Ibagué 730006, Colombia.
| | - Sergey G Klochkov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia.
| | - Pavel A Galenko-Yaroshevsky
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuban State Medical University, 4 Sedin St., Krasnodar 350063, Russia.
| | - Vadim V Tarasov
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia.
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Nakaoka K, Yamada A, Noda S, Goseki-Sone M. Vitamin D-restricted high-fat diet down-regulates expression of intestinal alkaline phosphatase isozymes in ovariectomized rats. Nutr Res 2018; 53:23-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Noda S, Yamada A, Nakaoka K, Goseki-Sone M. 1-alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 up-regulates the expression of 2 types of human intestinal alkaline phosphatase alternative splicing variants in Caco-2 cells and may be an important regulator of their expression in gut homeostasis. Nutr Res 2017; 46:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Pharmacological Correction of Hypoxic Conditions by Complexes of Zinc with N-Alkenylimidazoles. BIONANOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-016-0322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Crystal structure of rat intestinal alkaline phosphatase – Role of crown domain in mammalian alkaline phosphatases. J Struct Biol 2013; 184:182-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Martínez-Moya P, Ortega-González M, González R, Anzola A, Ocón B, Hernández-Chirlaque C, López-Posadas R, Suárez MD, Zarzuelo A, Martínez-Augustin O, Sánchez de Medina F. Exogenous alkaline phosphatase treatment complements endogenous enzyme protection in colonic inflammation and reduces bacterial translocation in rats. Pharmacol Res 2012; 66:144-53. [PMID: 22569414 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (AP) inactivates bacterial lipopolysaccharide and may therefore be protective. The small intestine and colon express intestinal (IAP) and tissue nonspecific enzyme (TNAP), respectively. The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic potential of exogenous AP and its complementarity with endogenous enzyme protection in the intestine, as evidenced recently. IAP was given to rats by the oral or intrarectal route (700U/kgday). Oral budesonide (1mg/kgday) was used as a reference treatment. Treatment with intrarectal AP resulted in a 54.5% and 38.0% lower colonic weight and damage score, respectively, and an almost complete normalization of the expression of S100A8, LCN2 and IL-1β (p<0.05). Oral AP was less efficacious, while budesonide had a more pronounced effect on most parameters. Both oral and intrarectal AP counteracted bacterial translocation effectively (78 and 100%, respectively, p<0.05 for the latter), while budesonide failed to exert a positive effect. AP activity was increased in the feces of TNBS colitic animals, associated with augmented sensitivity to the inhibitor levamisole, suggesting enhanced luminal release of this enzyme. This was also observed in the mouse lymphocyte transfer model of chronic colitis. In a separate time course study, TNAP was shown to increase 2-3 days after colitis induction, while dextran sulfate sodium was a much weaker inducer of this isoform. We conclude that exogenous AP exerts beneficial effects on experimental colitis, which includes protection against bacterial translocation. AP of the tissue-nonspecific isoform is shed in higher amounts to the intestinal lumen in experimental colitis, possibly aiding in intestinal protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Martínez-Moya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas-CIBERehd, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Hatayama K, Ichikawa Y, Nishihara Y, Goto K, Nakamura D, Wakita A, Kobayashi J. Serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in SD rats detected by polyacrylamide-gel disk electrophoresis. Toxicol Mech Methods 2012; 22:289-95. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2011.654005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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10
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Effects of amines and aminoalcohols on bovine intestine alkaline phosphatase activity. Enzyme Microb Technol 2011; 49:171-6. [PMID: 22112405 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2011.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2010] [Revised: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bovine intestine alkaline phosphatase (BIALP) is widely used as a signaling enzyme in sensitive assays such as enzyme immunoassay (EIA). In this study, we evaluated the effects of various aminoalcohols and amines on the activity of BIALP in the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) at pH 9.8, at 20 °C. The k(cat) values at 0.05 M diethanolamine, 0.1 M triethanolamine, and 0.2 M N-methylethanolamine were 190±10, 840±30, and 500±10 s(-1), respectively. The k(cat) values increased with increasing concentrations of diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and N-methylethanolamine and reached 1240±60, 1450±30, and 2250±80 s(-1), respectively, at 1.0M. On the other hand, the k(cat) values at 0.05-1.0M ethanolamine, ethylamine, methylamine, and dimethylamine were in the range of 100-600 s(-1). These results indicate that diethanolamine, triethanolamine and N-methylethanolamine highly activate BIALP and might be suitable as a dilution buffer of BIALP in EIA. Interestingly, the K(m) values increased with increasing concentrations of diethanolamine and N-methylethanolamine, but not triethanolamine: the K(m) value at 1.0M diethanolamine (0.83±0.15 mM) was 12-fold higher than that at 0.05M (0.07±0.01 mM), and that at 1.0M N-methylethanolamine (2.53±0.20 mM) was 14-fold higher than that at 0.2M (0.18±0.02 mM), while that at 1.0M triethanolamine (0.31±0.01 mM) was similar as that at 0.2M (0.25±0.01 mM), suggesting that the mechanisms of BIALP activation are different between the aminoalcohols.
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HARAIKAWA M, SOGABE N, TANABE R, HOSOI T, GOSEKI-SONE M. Vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone) or Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone-4) Induces Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Gene Expression. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2011; 57:274-9. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.57.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Brun LRM, Brance ML, Rigalli A, Puche RC. Effect of calcium on rat intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity and molecular aggregation. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2008; 21:757-63. [PMID: 17252950 DOI: 10.1080/14756360600810647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two fractions of rat intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) were detected by Western blot: 168 +/- 6 and 475 +/- 45 kDa. The low molecular weight fraction constitutes 43% of the isolated proteins exhibiting 82% of the enzymatic activity, and a heavier fraction constitutes 57% of the isolated proteins and has 18% of the enzymatic activity. Calcium produced an increase of the 475-kDa form to the detriment of the 168-kDa form. This work also describes the kinetic and structural changes of IAP as a function of calcium concentration. With [Ca2+] < 10 mmole/L, the Ca(2+)-IAP interaction fitted a binding model with 7.8 +/- 4.4 moles of Ca2+ /mole of protein, affinity constant = 19.1 +/- 8.4 L/mmole, and enzymatic activity increased as a linear function of [Ca2+] (r = 0.946 p < 0.01). On the other hand, with [Ca2+] > 10 mmole/L the data did not fit this model and, the enzymatic activity decreased as a function of [Ca2+] (r = - 0.703 p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas R M Brun
- Laboratorio Biologia Osea, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
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Narisawa S, Hoylaerts MF, Doctor KS, Fukuda MN, Alpers DH, Millán JL. A novel phosphatase upregulated in Akp3 knockout mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2007; 293:G1068-77. [PMID: 17901166 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00073.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Reexamination of the Akp3(-/-) mouse intestine showed that, despite the lack of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), the Akp3(-/-) gut still had considerable alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity in the duodenum and ileum. This activity is due to the expression of a novel murine Akp6 gene that encodes an IAP isozyme expressed in the gut in a global manner (gIAP) as opposed to duodenum-specific IAP (dIAP) isozyme encoded by the Akp3 gene. Phylogenetically, gIAP is similar to the rat IAP I isozyme. Kinetically, gIAP displays a 5.7-fold reduction in catalytic rate constant (k(cat)) and a 30% drop in K(m), leading to a 4-fold reduction k(cat)/K(m) compared with dIAP, and these changes in enzymatic properties can all be attributed to a crucial R317Q substitution. Western and Northern blot analyses document the expression of Akp6 in the gut, from the duodenum to the ileum, and it is upregulated in the jejunum and ileum of Akp3(-/-) mice. Developmentally, Akp3 expression is turned on during postnatal days 13-15 and exclusively in the duodenum, whereas Akp6 and Akp5 are expressed from birth throughout the gut with enhanced expression at weaning. Posttranslational modifications of gIAP have a pronounced effect on its catalytic properties. Given the low catalytic efficiency of gIAP, its upregulation during fat feeding, its sequence similarity with rat IAP I, and the fact that rat IAP I has been implicated in the upregulation of surfactant-like particles during fat intake, it appears likely that gIAP may have a role in mediating the accelerated fatty acid intake observed in Akp3(-/-) mice fed a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonoko Narisawa
- Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Sopina VA. Phosphatase activity in Amoeba proteus at pH 9.0. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093007040011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nakano T, Inoue I, Koyama I, Kanazawa K, Nakamura KI, Narisawa S, Tanaka K, Akita M, Masuyama T, Seo M, Hokari S, Katayama S, Alpers DH, Millán JL, Komoda T. Disruption of the murine intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene Akp3 impairs lipid transcytosis and induces visceral fat accumulation and hepatic steatosis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2007; 292:G1439-49. [PMID: 17332477 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00331.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) is involved in the process of fat absorption, a conclusion confirmed by an altered lipid transport and a faster body weight gain from 10 to 30 wk in both male and female mice with a homozygous null mutation of the IAP coding gene (Akp3(-/-) mice). This study was aimed to delineate morphologically and quantitatively the accelerated lipid absorption in male Akp3(-/-) mice. Feeding a corn oil bolus produced an earlier peak of triacylglycerol in serum (2 vs. 4 h for Akp3(-/-) and wild-type mice, respectively) and an approximately twofold increase in serum triacylglycerol concentration in Akp3(-/-) mice injected with a lipolysis inhibitor, Triton WR-1339. A corn oil load induced the threefold enlargement of the Golgi vacuoles in male wild-type mice but not in Akp3(-/-) mice, indicating that absorbed lipids rarely reached the Golgi complex and that the transcytosis of lipid droplets does not follow the normal pathway in male Akp3(-/-) mice. Force feeding an exaggerated fat intake by a 30% fat chow for 10 wk induced obesity in both male Akp3(-/-) and wild-type mice, and therefore no phenotypic difference was observed between the two. On the other hand, the forced high-fat chow induced an 18% greater body weight gain, hepatic steatosis, and visceral fat accumulation in female Akp3(-/-) mice but not in female wild-type controls. These results provide further evidence that IAP is involved in the regulation of the lipid absorption process and that its absence leads to progressive metabolic abnormalities in certain fat-forced conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Nakano
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Care, Saitama Medical Univ., Saitama, Japan 350-0495
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