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Slater B, Kosmützky D, Nisbet RER, Howe CJ. The Evolution of the Cytochrome c6 Family of Photosynthetic Electron Transfer Proteins. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:evab146. [PMID: 34165554 PMCID: PMC8358224 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During photosynthesis, electrons are transferred between the cytochrome b6f complex and photosystem I. This is carried out by the protein plastocyanin in plant chloroplasts, or by either plastocyanin or cytochrome c6 in many cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algal species. There are three further cytochrome c6 homologs: cytochrome c6A in plants and green algae, and cytochromes c6B and c6C in cyanobacteria. The function of these proteins is unknown. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the evolutionary relationship between the members of the cytochrome c6 family in photosynthetic organisms. Our phylogenetic analyses show that cytochromes c6B and c6C are likely to be orthologs that arose from a duplication of cytochrome c6, but that there is no evidence for separate origins for cytochromes c6B and c6C. We therefore propose renaming cytochrome c6C as cytochrome c6B. We show that cytochrome c6A is likely to have arisen from cytochrome c6B rather than by an independent duplication of cytochrome c6, and present evidence for an independent origin of a protein with some of the features of cytochrome c6A in peridinin dinoflagellates. We conclude with a new comprehensive model of the evolution of the cytochrome c6 family which is an integral part of understanding the function of the enigmatic cytochrome c6 homologs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barnaby Slater
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Darius Kosmützky
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - R Ellen R Nisbet
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Falke S, Feiler C, Chapman H, Sarrou I. Crystal structures of native cytochrome c 6 from Thermosynechococcus elongatus in two different space groups and implications for its oligomerization. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2020; 76:444-452. [PMID: 32880593 PMCID: PMC7470040 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x20010249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Native cytochrome c6 was purified from an extract of strain BP-1 of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus. The protein was crystallized, and with only slight modifications of the buffer and vapour-diffusion conditions two different space groups were observed, namely H3 and C2. Both crystal structures were solved; they contained three and six molecules per asymmetric unit and were refined to 1.7 and 2.25 Å resolution, respectively. To date, the structure of native cytochrome c6 from T. elongatus has only been reported as a monomer using NMR spectroscopy, i.e. without addressing putative oligomerization, and related structures have only previously been solved using X-ray crystallography after recombinant gene overexpression in Escherichia coli. The reported space groups of related cyanobacterial cytochrome c6 structures differ from those reported here. Interestingly, the protein-protein interfaces that were observed utilizing X-ray crystallography could also explain homo-oligomerization in solution; specifically, trimerization is indicated by infra-red dynamic light scattering and blue native gel electrophoresis in solution. Trimers were also detected by mass spectrometry. Furthermore, there is an indication of post-translational methylation in the crystal structure. Additionally, the possibility of modifying the crystal size and the redox activity in the context of photosynthesis is shaping the investigated cytochrome as a highly suitable model protein for advanced serial crystallography at highly brilliant X-ray free-electron laser sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Falke
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, c/o DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Feiler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Henry Chapman
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, c/o DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Iosifina Sarrou
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, c/o DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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Szalkowski M, Janna Olmos JD, Buczyńska D, Maćkowski S, Kowalska D, Kargul J. Plasmon-induced absorption of blind chlorophylls in photosynthetic proteins assembled on silver nanowires. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:10475-10486. [PMID: 28703814 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03866f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that controlled assembly of eukaryotic photosystem I with its associated light harvesting antenna complex (PSI-LHCI) on plasmonically active silver nanowires (AgNWs) substantially improves the optical functionality of such a novel biohybrid nanostructure. By comparing fluorescence intensities measured for PSI-LHCI complex randomly oriented on AgNWs and the results obtained for the PSI-LHCI/cytochrome c553 (cyt c553) bioconjugate with AgNWs we conclude that the specific binding of photosynthetic complexes with defined uniform orientation yields selective excitation of a pool of chlorophyll (Chl) molecules that are otherwise almost non-absorbing. This is remarkable, as this study shows for the first time that plasmonic excitations in metallic nanostructures can not only be used to enhance native absorption of photosynthetic pigments, but also - by employing cyt c553 as the conjugation cofactor - to activate the specific Chl pools as the absorbing sites only when the uniform and well-defined orientation of PSI-LHCI with respect to plasmonic nanostructures is achieved. As absorption of PSI alone is comparatively low, our approach lends itself as an innovative approach to outperform the reported-to-date biohybrid devices with respect to solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Szalkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Julian David Janna Olmos
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland. and Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, ul. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Buczyńska
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland. and Baltic Institute of Technology, al. Zwycięstwa 96/98, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Dorota Kowalska
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Joanna Kargul
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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Janna Olmos JD, Becquet P, Gront D, Sar J, Dąbrowski A, Gawlik G, Teodorczyk M, Pawlak D, Kargul J. Biofunctionalisation of p-doped silicon with cytochrome c553minimises charge recombination and enhances photovoltaic performance of the all-solid-state photosystem I-based biophotoelectrode. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10895h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Passivation of p-doped silicon substrate was achieved by its biofunctionalisation with hexahistidine-tagged cytochrome c553, a soluble electroactive photosynthetic protein responsible for electron donation to photooxidised photosystem I.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dominik Gront
- Laboratory of Theory of Biopolymers
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Warsaw
- 02-093 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Jarosław Sar
- Institute of Electronic Materials Technology
- 01-919 Warsaw
- Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Gawlik
- Institute of Electronic Materials Technology
- 01-919 Warsaw
- Poland
| | | | - Dorota Pawlak
- Institute of Electronic Materials Technology
- 01-919 Warsaw
- Poland
- Laboratory of Materials Technology
- Centre for New Technologies
| | - Joanna Kargul
- Solar Fuels Laboratory
- Centre for New Technologies
- University of Warsaw
- 02-097 Warsaw
- Poland
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Bialek W, Krzywda S, Zatwarnicki P, Jaskolski M, Kolesinski P, Szczepaniak A. Insights into the relationship between the haem-binding pocket and the redox potential ofc6cytochromes: four atomic resolution structures ofc6andc6-like proteins fromSynechococcussp. PCC 7002. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 70:2823-32. [DOI: 10.1107/s1399004714013108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The structure of cytochromec6Cfrom the mesophilic cyanobacteriumSynechococcussp. PCC 7002 has been determined at 1.03 Å resolution. This is the first structural report on the recently discovered cyanobacterial cytochromec6-like proteins found in marine and nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Despite high similarity in the overall three-dimensional fold between cytochromesc6andc6C, the latter shows saliently different electrostatic properties in terms of surface charge distribution and dipole moments. Its midpoint redox potential is less than half of the value for typicalc6cytochromes and results mainly from the substitution of one residue in the haem pocket. Here, high-resolution crystal structures of mutants of both cytochromesc6andc6Care presented, and the impact of the mutation of specific residues in the haem-binding pocket on the redox potential is discussed. These findings contribute to the elucidation of the structure–function relationship ofc6-like cytochromes.
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The dynamic complex of cytochrome c6 and cytochrome f studied with paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:1305-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zatwarnicki P, Barciszewski J, Krzywda S, Jaskolski M, Kolesinski P, Szczepaniak A. Cytochrome c6B of Synechococcus sp. WH 8102 – Crystal structure and basic properties of novel c6-like family representative. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 443:1131-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.10.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Structural and kinetic studies of imidazole binding to two members of the cytochrome c 6 family reveal an important role for a conserved heme pocket residue. J Biol Inorg Chem 2011; 16:577-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-011-0758-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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