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Martinez P, Baghli I, Gourjon G, Seyfried TN. Mitochondrial-Stem Cell Connection: Providing Additional Explanations for Understanding Cancer. Metabolites 2024; 14:229. [PMID: 38668357 PMCID: PMC11051897 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The cancer paradigm is generally based on the somatic mutation model, asserting that cancer is a disease of genetic origin. The mitochondrial-stem cell connection (MSCC) proposes that tumorigenesis may result from an alteration of the mitochondria, specifically a chronic oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) insufficiency in stem cells, which forms cancer stem cells (CSCs) and leads to malignancy. Reviewed evidence suggests that the MSCC could provide a comprehensive understanding of all the different stages of cancer. The metabolism of cancer cells is altered (OxPhos insufficiency) and must be compensated by using the glycolysis and the glutaminolysis pathways, which are essential to their growth. The altered mitochondria regulate the tumor microenvironment, which is also necessary for cancer evolution. Therefore, the MSCC could help improve our understanding of tumorigenesis, metastases, the efficiency of standard treatments, and relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierrick Martinez
- Scientific and Osteopathic Research Department, Institut de Formation en Ostéopathie du Grand Avignon, 84140 Montfavet, France;
| | - Ilyes Baghli
- International Society for Orthomolecular Medicine, Toronto, ON M4B 3M9, Canada;
| | - Géraud Gourjon
- Scientific and Osteopathic Research Department, Institut de Formation en Ostéopathie du Grand Avignon, 84140 Montfavet, France;
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2
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Brandstoetter T, Schmoellerl J, Grausenburger R, Kollmann S, Doma E, Huuhtanen J, Klampfl T, Eder T, Grebien F, Hoermann G, Zuber J, Mustjoki S, Maurer B, Sexl V. SBNO2 is a critical mediator of STAT3-driven hematological malignancies. Blood 2023; 141:1831-1845. [PMID: 36630607 PMCID: PMC10646773 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutations in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) gene are recurrently identified in patients with large granular lymphocytic leukemia (LGLL) and in some cases of natural killer (NK)/T-cell and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. To understand the consequences and molecular mechanisms contributing to disease development and oncogenic transformation, we developed murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell models that express mutated STAT3Y640F. These cells show accelerated proliferation and enhanced self-renewal potential. We integrated gene expression analyses and chromatin occupancy profiling of STAT3Y640F-transformed cells with data from patients with T-LGLL. This approach uncovered a conserved set of direct transcriptional targets of STAT3Y640F. Among these, strawberry notch homolog 2 (SBNO2) represents an essential transcriptional target, which was identified by a comparative genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-based loss-of-function screen. The STAT3-SBNO2 axis is also present in NK-cell leukemia, T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and NPM-ALK-rearranged T-cell anaplastic large cell lymphoma (T-ALCL), which are driven by STAT3-hyperactivation/mutation. In patients with NPM-ALK+ T-ALCL, high SBNO2 expression correlates with shorter relapse-free and overall survival. Our findings identify SBNO2 as a potential therapeutic intervention site for STAT3-driven hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Brandstoetter
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Reinhard Grausenburger
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Kollmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eszter Doma
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jani Huuhtanen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Thorsten Klampfl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Eder
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Grebien
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Johannes Zuber
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- ICAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Barbara Maurer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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3
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Deng H, Liu H, Yang G, Wang D, Luo Y, Li C, Qi Z, Liu Z, Wang P, Jia Y, Gao Y, Ding Y. ACT001 inhibited CD133 transcription by targeting and inducing Olig2 ubiquitination degradation. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:19. [PMID: 36990974 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00462-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most lethal malignancies with high aggressive and poor prognosis. Until now, the five-year survival rate has not been improved which brings serious challenge to human health. Lung cancer stem cells (LCSCs) serve as the root of cancer occurrence, progression, recurrence, and drug resistance. Therefore, effective anti-cancer agents and molecular mechanisms which could specifically eliminate LCSCs are urgently needed for drug design. In this article, we discovered Olig2 was overexpressed in clinical lung cancer tissues and acted as a transcription factor to regulate cancer stemness by regulating CD133 gene transcription. The results suggested Olig2 could be a promising target in anti-LCSCs therapy and new drugs targeted Olig2 may exhibit excellent clinical results. Furthermore, we verified ACT001, a guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone in phase II clinical trial with excellent glioma remission, inhibited cancer stemness by directly binding to Olig2 protein, inducing Olig2 ubiquitination degradation and inhibiting CD133 gene transcription. All these results suggested that Olig2 could be an excellent druggable target in anti-LCSCs therapy and lay a foundation for the further application of ACT001 in the treatment of lung cancer in clinical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital affiliated to Nankai University, Nankai University, 83 Jintang Road, Tianjin, 300170, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyue Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital affiliated to Nankai University, Nankai University, 83 Jintang Road, Tianjin, 300170, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital affiliated to Nankai University, Nankai University, 83 Jintang Road, Tianjin, 300170, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital affiliated to Nankai University, Nankai University, 83 Jintang Road, Tianjin, 300170, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital affiliated to Nankai University, Nankai University, 83 Jintang Road, Tianjin, 300170, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenchang Qi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital affiliated to Nankai University, Nankai University, 83 Jintang Road, Tianjin, 300170, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhili Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital affiliated to Nankai University, Nankai University, 83 Jintang Road, Tianjin, 300170, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital affiliated to Nankai University, Nankai University, 83 Jintang Road, Tianjin, 300170, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Jia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital affiliated to Nankai University, Nankai University, 83 Jintang Road, Tianjin, 300170, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingtang Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital affiliated to Nankai University, Nankai University, 83 Jintang Road, Tianjin, 300170, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yahui Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Casertano M, Genovese M, Paoli P, Santi A, Aiello A, Menna M, Imperatore C. Insights into Cytotoxic Behavior of Lepadins and Structure Elucidation of the New Alkaloid Lepadin L from the Mediterranean Ascidian Clavelina lepadiformis. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20010065. [PMID: 35049920 PMCID: PMC8782007 DOI: 10.3390/md20010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical investigation of the Mediterranean ascidian Clavelina lepadiformis has led to the isolation of a new lepadin, named lepadin L, and two known metabolites belonging to the same family, lepadins A and B. The planar structure and relative configuration of the decahydroquinoline ring of lepadin L were established both by means of HR-ESIMS and by a detailed as extensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Moreover, microscale derivatization of the new alkaloid lepadin L was performed to assess the relative configuration of the functionalized alkyl side chain. Lepadins A, B, and L were tested for their cytotoxic activity on a panel of cancer cell lines (human melanoma [A375], human breast [MDA-MB-468], human colon adenocarcinoma [HT29], human colorectal carcinoma [HCT116], and mouse myoblast [C2C12]). Interestingly, a deeper investigation into the mechanism of action of the most cytotoxic metabolite, lepadin A, on the A375 cells has highlighted its ability to induce a strongly inhibition of cell migration, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and a dose-dependent decrease of cell clonogenity, suggesting that it is able to impair self-renewing capacity of A375 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Casertano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.A.); (C.I.)
| | - Massimo Genovese
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.G.); (P.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.G.); (P.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Alice Santi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.G.); (P.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Aiello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.A.); (C.I.)
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.A.); (C.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-678-518
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.A.); (C.I.)
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5
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Zhang T, Zhou H, Wang K, Wang X, Wang M, Zhao W, Xi X, Li Y, Cai M, Zhao W, Xu Y, Shao R. Role, molecular mechanism and the potential target of breast cancer stem cells in breast cancer development. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112616. [PMID: 35008001 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in women globally, and its occurrence has surpassed lung cancer and become the biggest threat for women. At present, breast cancer treatment includes surgical resection or postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, tumor relapse and metastasis usually lead to current therapy failure thanks to breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs)-mediated tumorigenicity and drug resistance. Drug resistance is mainly due to the long-term quiescent G0 phase, strong DNA repairability, and high expression of ABC transporter, and the tumorigenicity is reflected in the activation of various proliferation pathways related to BCSCs. Therefore, understanding the characteristics of BCSCs and their intracellular and extracellular molecular mechanisms is crucial for the development of targeted drugs for BCSCs. To this end, we discussed the latest developments in BCSCs research, focusing on the analysis of specific markers, critical signaling pathways that maintain the stemness of BCSCs,such as NOTCH, Wnt/β-catenin, STAT3, Hedgehog, and Hippo-YAP signaling, immunomicroenviroment and summarizes targeting therapy strategies for stemness maintenance and differentiation, which provides a theoretical basis for further exploration of treating breast cancer and preventing relapse derived from BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mengyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wenxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoming Xi
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Meilian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wuli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Yanni Xu
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Rongguang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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6
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Lathia J, Liu H, Matei D. The Clinical Impact of Cancer Stem Cells. Oncologist 2019; 25:123-131. [PMID: 32043793 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with cancer can go though many stages in their disease, including diagnosis, recurrence, metastasis, and treatment failure. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subgroup of cells within tumors that may explain the mechanism by which tumors recur and progress. CSCs can both self-renew and produce progenitor cells of more differentiated cancer cells as well as heterogeneously demonstrate resistance and the abilities to migrate and metastasize. These "stemness" characteristics are often the result of dysregulation of one or more pathways, which can be detected by various biomarkers. Although there has been considerable laboratory research conducted on CSCs, its relevance to the practicing oncologist may seem questionable. We sought to determine the clinical impact of CSCs on patients. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify analyses containing survival information based on the expression of known CSC biomarkers in any cancer. Overall, 234 survival analyses were identified, of which 82% reported that high expression of CSC biomarker(s) resulted in poor overall survival and/or disease-free survival compared with low or no expression of the biomarker. Elevated stemness biomarker levels were also associated with decreased tumor differentiation, altered TNM stage, and increased metastasis. This analysis would suggest that CSCs have a clinical impact on patients and that practicing oncologists need to start considering incorporating CSC-targeting therapies into their patients' treatment regimens. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may occur at any stage of cancer and are implicated in the occurrence of resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. A systematic literature analysis has shown that the presence of CSCs, identified via the upregulation of stemness pathway biomarkers, results in reduced survival across all cancers studied. Several CSC-targeting agents are currently approved, and several others are in clinical trials. Future treatment regimens will likely include CSC-targeting agents to enable the elimination of these holdouts to current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Lathia
- Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Huiping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniela Matei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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7
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Dongre H, Rana N, Fromreide S, Rajthala S, Bøe Engelsen I, Paradis J, Gutkind JS, Vintermyr OK, Johannessen AC, Bjørge L, Costea DE. Establishment of a novel cancer cell line derived from vulvar carcinoma associated with lichen sclerosus exhibiting a fibroblast-dependent tumorigenic potential. Exp Cell Res 2019; 386:111684. [PMID: 31654625 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma associated with lichen sclerosus (VLS-VSCC) are rare tumors but with higher recurrence and worse prognosis than other types of VSCC. Lack of experimental models has limited the search for better understanding of the biology and development of treatment modalities. In this study, we isolated and characterized primary cells from VSCC (n = 7) and normal vulvar tissue adjacent to tumor (n = 7). Detailed characterization of the novel spontaneously immortalized cell line, VCC1 revealed a characteristic epithelial morphology in vitro and a well-differentiated keratinizing SCC histology in vivo, closely resembling the tumor of origin. VCC1 expressed higher levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers and higher clonogenic properties as compared to other established non VLS-VSCC cell lines. In vitro 3D organotypic assays and in vivo xenografts revealed a prominent role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in VCC1 invasion and tumor formation. In conclusion, VCC1 mirrored several major VLS-VSCC features and provided a robust experimental tool for further elucidation of VLS-related oncogenesis and drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Dongre
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Neha Rana
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Siren Fromreide
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Saroj Rajthala
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Bøe Engelsen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Justine Paradis
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Olav Karsten Vintermyr
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Christine Johannessen
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Line Bjørge
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniela Elena Costea
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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8
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Tanaskovic O, Verga Falzacappa MV, Pelicci PG. Human cord blood (hCB)-CD34+ humanized mice fail to reject human acute myeloid leukemia cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217345. [PMID: 31536492 PMCID: PMC6752751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their appearance, humanized mice carrying human immune system seemed promising tools to study the crosstalk between cancer and immunity. The NOD-scidIL2Rgammanull (NSG) mice engrafted with human cord blood (hCB)-CD34+ cells have been proposed to be a valuable tool to reproduce human immune system in mouse. However, the lack of solid evidences on the functionality of their human immune components limits their usage in immune-oncology. We report that (hCB)-CD34+ cells lose their ability to propagate and originate bone marrow-derived human immune cells after two serial transplantations in NSG mice. We demonstrate that transplants of bone marrow patient-derived acute myeloid leukemias (hAMLs) grow very similarly in the humanized (hCB)-CD34+ NSG and parental NSG mice. The similar extent of engraftment and development of leukemias in (hCB)-CD34+ NSG and controls suggests a poor human immune response against not compatible hAMLs. Our findings suggest that (hCB)-CD34+ NSG mice are transient and/or incomplete carriers of the human immune system and, therefore, represent a suboptimal tool to study the interaction between tumor and immune cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD34/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fetal Blood/cytology
- Graft vs Leukemia Effect/immunology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/methods
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Tanaskovic
- Department of Experimental Oncology at the IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (OT); (PP)
| | | | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology at the IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (OT); (PP)
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9
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Rodriguez-Ramirez C, Nör JE. p53 and Cell Fate: Sensitizing Head and Neck Cancer Stem Cells to Chemotherapy. Crit Rev Oncog 2019; 23:173-187. [PMID: 30311573 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2018027353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers are deadly diseases that are diagnosed annually in approximately half a million individuals worldwide. Growing evidence supporting a role for cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the pathobiology of head and neck cancers has led to increasing interest in identifying therapeutics to target these cells. Apart from the canonical tumor-suppressor functions of p53, emerging research supports a significant role for this protein in physiological stem cell and CSC maintenance and reprogramming. Therefore, p53 has become a promising target to sensitize head and neck CSCs to chemotherapy. In this review, we highlight the role of p53 in stem cell maintenance and discuss potential implications of targeting p53 to treat patients with head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie Rodriguez-Ramirez
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Jacques E Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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10
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Moradi F, Babashah S, Sadeghizadeh M, Jalili A, Hajifathali A, Roshandel H. Signaling pathways involved in chronic myeloid leukemia pathogenesis: The importance of targeting Musashi2-Numb signaling to eradicate leukemia stem cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:581-589. [PMID: 31231484 PMCID: PMC6570743 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.31879.7666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloid clonal proliferation disease defining by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome that shows the movement of BCR-ABL1. In this study, the critical role of the Musashi2-Numb axis in determining cell fate and relationship of the axis to important signaling pathways such as Hedgehog and Notch that are essential for self-renewal pathways in CML stem cells will be reviewed meticulously. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this review, a PubMed search using the keywords of Leukemia, signaling pathways, Musashi2-Numb was performed, and then we summarized different research works . RESULTS Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as Imatinib significantly kill and remove the cell with BCR-ABL1 translocation, they are unable to target BCR-ABL1 leukemia stem cells. The main problem is stem cells resistance to Imatinib therapy. Therefore, the identification and control of downstream molecules/ signaling route of the BCR-ABL1 that are involved in the survival and self-renewal of leukemia stem cells can be an effective treatment strategy to eliminate leukemia stem cells, which supposed to be cured by Musashi2-Numb signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The control of molecules /pathways downstream of the BCR-ABL1 and targeting Musashi2-Numb can be an effective therapeutic strategy for treatment of chronic leukemia stem cells. While Musashi2 is a poor prognostic marker in leukemia, in treatment and strategy, it has significant diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foruzan Moradi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sadeghizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arsalan Jalili
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Hajifathali
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hajifathali Roshandel
- Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Abstract
Cancer-initiating cells (CIC) are the driving force in tumor progression. There is strong evidence that CIC fulfill this task via exosomes (TEX), which modulate and reprogram stroma, nontransformed cells, and non-CIC. Characterization of CIC, besides others, builds on expression of CIC markers, many of which are known as metastasis-associated molecules. We here discuss that the linkage between CIC/CIC-TEX and metastasis-associated molecules is not fortuitously, but relies on the contribution of these markers to TEX biogenesis including loading and TEX target interactions. In addition, CIC markers contribute to TEX binding- and uptake-promoted activation of signaling cascades, transcription initiation, and translational control. Our point of view will be outlined for pancreas and colon CIC highly expressing CD44v6, Tspan8, EPCAM, claudin7, and LGR5, which distinctly but coordinately contribute to tumor progression. Despite overwhelming progress in unraveling the metastatic cascade and the multiple tasks taken over by CIC-TEX, there remains a considerable gap in linking CIC biomarkers, TEX, and TEX-initiated target modulation with metastasis. We will try to outline possible bridges, which could allow depicting pathways for new and expectedly powerful therapeutic interference with tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Margot Zöller
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Pancreas Section, University Hospital of Surgery, Heidelberg, Germany.
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12
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Taniguchi H, Suzuki Y, Natori Y. The Evolving Landscape of Cancer Stem Cells and Ways to Overcome Cancer Heterogeneity. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040532. [PMID: 31013960 PMCID: PMC6520864 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) with therapeutic resistance and plasticity can be found in various types of tumors and are recognized as attractive targets for treatments. As CSCs are derived from tissue stem or progenitor cells, and/or dedifferentiated mature cells, their signal transduction pathways are critical in the regulation of CSCs; chronic inflammation causes the accumulation of genetic mutations and aberrant epigenetic changes in these cells, potentially leading to the production of CSCs. However, the nature of CSCs appears to be stronger than the treatments of the past. To improve the treatments targeting CSCs, it is important to inhibit several molecules on the signaling cascades in CSCs simultaneously, and to overcome cancer heterogeneity caused by the plasticity. To select suitable target molecules for CSCs, we have to explore the landscape of CSCs from the perspective of cancer stemness and signaling systems, based on the curated databases of cancer-related genes. We have been studying the integration of a broad range of knowledge and experiences from cancer biology, and also from other interdisciplinary basic sciences. In this review, we have introduced the concept of developing novel strategies targeting CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Taniguchi
- The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0071, Japan.
- Clinical and Translational Research Center Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Suzuki
- Clinical and Translational Research Center Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Yukikazu Natori
- BioThinkTank Co. Ltd. 4-10-1-E1706 Minatomirai, Nishi-ku Yokohama, Kanagawa 220-0012, Japan.
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13
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Zahran AM, Rayan A, Fakhry H, Attia AM, Ashmawy AM, Soliman A, Elkady A, Hetta HF. Pretreatment detection of circulating and tissue CD133 + CD44 + cancer stem cells as a prognostic factor affecting the outcomes in Egyptian patients with colorectal cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:1237-1248. [PMID: 30799951 PMCID: PMC6369859 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s189653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. As CD133 and CD44 are notable markers of cancer stem cells (CSCs) identity, it is thought to be a predictive indicator for colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the cell cycle state of CD133+ CD44+ and CD133− CD44−cells, isolated from primary human colorectal tumors, and to assess the clinical impact of CD133+ CD44+ CSCs on patients’ outcome regarding disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Materials and methods Tissue samples were collected from 50 primary colorectal cancer patients. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to isolate tissue CD133+ CD44+ CSCs and CD133− CD44− tumor cells from primary colorectal cancer tissue to compare the cell cycle of both types of cells. Also circulating CSCs were assessed by flow cytometry. Results Higher percentage of tissue CD133+ CD44+ CSCs isolated from colorectal cancer patients was found in G0/G1 phase. However, tissue CD133− CD44− tumor cells were predominantly found in the S phase; there were significant negative correlations between tissue CD133+ CD44+ CSCs and DFS and OS (r=−0.470, P<0.001, respectively and r=−0.487, P<0.001, respectively), also significant negative correlations between tissue CSCs and DFS and OS (r=−0.548, P<0.001, respectively and r=−0.497, P<0.001, respectively). Only the pathological grade (P<0.004) and T stage (P<0.004) had a significant effect on circulating CSC counts. Conclusion Tissue CD133+ CD44+ CSCs were more quiescent than tissue CD133− CD44− tumor cells and both circulating CSCs and tissue CSCs were considered independent negative prognostic factors on OS and DFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Zahran
- Department of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Amal Rayan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hussein Fakhry
- Department of Surgical Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Alia M Attia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Ashmawy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Soliman
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Azza Elkady
- Sohag University Medical Administration, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Helal F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, .,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA,
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14
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Self-renewal signaling pathways in breast cancer stem cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 107:140-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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15
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Mu W, Wang Z, Zöller M. Ping-Pong-Tumor and Host in Pancreatic Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1359. [PMID: 31921628 PMCID: PMC6927459 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of high pancreatic cancer (PaCa) mortality and trials dampening PaCa mortality rates are not satisfying. Tumor progression is driven by the crosstalk between tumor cells, predominantly cancer-initiating cells (CIC), and surrounding cells and tissues as well as distant organs, where tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEX) are of major importance. A strong stroma reaction, recruitment of immunosuppressive leukocytes, perineural invasion, and early spread toward the peritoneal cavity, liver, and lung are shared with several epithelial cell-derived cancer, but are most prominent in PaCa. Here, we report on the state of knowledge on the PaCIC markers Tspan8, alpha6beta4, CD44v6, CXCR4, LRP5/6, LRG5, claudin7, EpCAM, and CD133, which all, but at different steps, are engaged in the metastatic cascade, frequently via PaCIC-TEX. This includes the contribution of PaCIC markers to TEX biogenesis, targeting, and uptake. We then discuss PaCa-selective features, where feedback loops between stromal elements and tumor cells, including distorted transcription, signal transduction, and metabolic shifts, establish vicious circles. For the latter particularly pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are responsible, furnishing PaCa to cope with poor angiogenesis-promoted hypoxia by metabolic shifts and direct nutrient transfer via vesicles. Furthermore, nerves including Schwann cells deliver a large range of tumor cell attracting factors and Schwann cells additionally support PaCa cell survival by signaling receptor binding. PSC, tumor-associated macrophages, and components of the dysplastic stroma contribute to perineural invasion with signaling pathway activation including the cholinergic system. Last, PaCa aggressiveness is strongly assisted by the immune system. Although rich in immune cells, only immunosuppressive cells and factors are recovered in proximity to tumor cells and hamper effector immune cells entering the tumor stroma. Besides a paucity of immunostimulatory factors and receptors, immunosuppressive cytokines, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T-cells, and M2 macrophages as well as PSC actively inhibit effector cell activation. This accounts for NK cells of the non-adaptive and cytotoxic T-cells of the adaptive immune system. We anticipate further deciphering the molecular background of these recently unraveled intermingled phenomena may turn most lethal PaCa into a curatively treatable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Mu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Mu
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong, Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Margot Zöller
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong, Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Mondal S, Bhattacharya K, Mandal C. Nutritional stress reprograms dedifferention in glioblastoma multiforme driven by PTEN/Wnt/Hedgehog axis: a stochastic model of cancer stem cells. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:110. [PMID: 30534418 PMCID: PMC6281623 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence and maintenance of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are usually governed by tumor niche. Tumor niche always provides metabolic challenges to cancer cells and CSCs mostly because of tissue hypoxia. However, the role of micro-environmental nutritional stress (NS) in dedifferentiation of cancer cells is poorly defined. Here, we developed a stochastic model of CSCs by gradual nutritional deprivation in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells used as a model system. Nutritional deprivation induced enhanced expression of glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs)-specific biomarkers with higher invasive and angiogenic properties. This NS-induced cells showed higher xenobiotic efflux ability, and hence exhibit resistance to multiple anticancer drugs. In the molecular level, such NS activated Wnt and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathways by stabilizing β-catenin and Gli1, respectively, through modulation of GSK3β/AKT axis. GBM-specific PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) mutation contributed to better phenoconversion toward GSCs. Knocking down of PTEN coupled with NS induction enhanced neurosphere formation, GSC-specific biomarker expressions, and activation of Wnt/Hh signaling. Thus, such an in-depth understanding of dedifferentiation of GBM cells to GSCs under NS suggested that targeting Wnt/Hh signaling possibly be a better therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Mondal
- 1Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032 India
| | - Kaushik Bhattacharya
- 1Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032 India.,2Present Address: Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Chitra Mandal
- 1Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032 India
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17
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Abstract
Research endeavors originally generated stem cell definitions for the purpose of describing normally sustainable developmental and tissue turnover processes in various species, including humans. The notion of investigating cells that possess a vague capacity of “stamm (phylum)” can be traced back to the late 19th century, mainly concentrating on cells that could produce the germline or the entire blood system. Lately, such undertakings have been recapitulated for oncogenesis, tumor growth, and cancer cell resistance to oncolytic therapies. However, due to the complexity and basic life-origin mechanisms comprising the genetic and epigenetic repertoire of the stemness in every developing or growing cell, presently there are ongoing debates regarding the biological essentials of the stem cell-like tumor initiation cells (ie, cancer stem cells; CSCs). This conceptual analysis focuses on the potential pitfalls of extrapolating that CSCs bear major traits of stemness. We propose a novel nomenclature of Tumor Survival Cells (TSCs) to further define tumor cells behaving like CSCs, based on the ruthless and detrimental features of Cancer Cell Survivology that appears fundamentally different from stem cell biology. Hence, precise academic separation of TSCs from all the stem cell-related labels applied to these unique tumor cells may help to improve scientific reasoning and strategies to decode the desperado-like survival behaviors of TSCs to eventually overcome cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang D Teng
- 1 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School and Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital Network, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts.,3 Division of SCI Research, VA Boston Healthcare System , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lei Wang
- 1 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School and Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital Network, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts.,3 Division of SCI Research, VA Boston Healthcare System , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Serdar Kabatas
- 1 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School and Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital Network, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts.,3 Division of SCI Research, VA Boston Healthcare System , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Henning Ulrich
- 4 Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química , Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ross D Zafonte
- 1 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School and Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital Network, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
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18
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Buczacki SJA, Popova S, Biggs E, Koukorava C, Buzzelli J, Vermeulen L, Hazelwood L, Francies H, Garnett MJ, Winton DJ. Itraconazole targets cell cycle heterogeneity in colorectal cancer. J Exp Med 2018; 215:1891-1912. [PMID: 29853607 PMCID: PMC6028508 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular dormancy and heterogeneity in cell cycle length provide important explanations for treatment failure after adjuvant therapy with S-phase cytotoxics in colorectal cancer (CRC), yet the molecular control of the dormant versus cycling state remains unknown. We sought to understand the molecular features of dormant CRC cells to facilitate rationale identification of compounds to target both dormant and cycling tumor cells. Unexpectedly, we demonstrate that dormant CRC cells are differentiated, yet retain clonogenic capacity. Mouse organoid drug screening identifies that itraconazole generates spheroid collapse and loss of dormancy. Human CRC cell dormancy and tumor growth can also be perturbed by itraconazole, which is found to inhibit Wnt signaling through noncanonical hedgehog signaling. Preclinical validation shows itraconazole to be effective in multiple assays through Wnt inhibition, causing both cycling and dormant cells to switch to global senescence. These data provide preclinical evidence to support an early phase trial of itraconazole in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J A Buczacki
- Cancer Research UK (CRUK) Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, England, UK
| | - Semiramis Popova
- Cancer Research UK (CRUK) Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, England, UK
| | - Emma Biggs
- Cancer Research UK (CRUK) Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, England, UK
| | - Chrysa Koukorava
- Cancer Research UK (CRUK) Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, England, UK
| | - Jon Buzzelli
- Cancer Research UK/Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology (OIRO), Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Louis Vermeulen
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR), Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lee Hazelwood
- Cancer Research UK (CRUK) Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, England, UK
| | - Hayley Francies
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, England, UK
| | - Mathew J Garnett
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, England, UK
| | - Douglas J Winton
- Cancer Research UK (CRUK) Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, England, UK
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19
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Shaheen S, Ahmed M, Lorenzi F, Nateri AS. Spheroid-Formation (Colonosphere) Assay for in Vitro Assessment and Expansion of Stem Cells in Colon Cancer. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 12:492-9. [PMID: 27207017 PMCID: PMC4919387 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9664-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancers (CRCs) form a disorganized hierarchy of heterogeneous cell populations on which current chemotherapy regimens fail to exert their distinctive cytotoxicity. A small sub-population of poorly differentiated cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), also known as cancer initiating cells, may exhibit embryonic and/or adult stem-cell gene expression signatures. Self-renewal and survival signals are also dominant over differentiation in CSCs. However, inducers of differentiation exclusive to CSC may affect cellular pathways required for the formation and progression of a tumor, which are not utilized in normal adult stem-cells. Nevertheless, assays for targeting CSCs have been hindered by expanding and maintaining rare CSCs in vitro. However, CRC-CSCs are able to form floating spheroids (known as colonospheres) 3-dimentinionally (3D) in a serum-free defined medium. Therefore, great efforts have been paid to improve colonosphere forming assay as a preclinical model to study tumor biology and to conduct drug screening in cancer research. The 3D-colonosphere culture model may also represent in vivo conditions for the spontaneous aggregation of cancer cells in spheroids. This protocol describes the development of an enrichment/culture assay using CRC-CSCs to facilitate colorectal cancer research through immunofluorescence staining of colonospheres. We have developed colonospheres from HCT116 CRC cell line to compare and link CRC-CSC markers to the NANOG expression level using an immunofluorescence assay. Our data also show that the immunostaining assay of colonosphere is a useful method to explore the role and dynamics of CRC-CSCs division between self-renewal and cell lineage differentiation of cancer cells. In principle, this method is applicable to a variety of primary cells and cell lines of epithelial origin. Furthermore, this protocol may also allow screening of libraries of compounds to identify bona fide CRC-CSC differentiation inducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameerah Shaheen
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Mehreen Ahmed
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Federica Lorenzi
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Abdolrahman S Nateri
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
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20
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SOX9 Regulates Cancer Stem-Like Properties and Metastatic Potential of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Exposed Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11653. [PMID: 28912540 PMCID: PMC5599589 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12037-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials hold great promise for the future development of innovative products but their adverse health effects are a major concern. Recent studies have indicated that certain nanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), may be carcinogenic. However, the underlying mechanisms behind their potential malignant properties remain unclear. In this study, we linked SOX9, a stem cell associated transcription factor, to the neoplastic-like properties of human lung epithelial cells chronically exposed to a low-dose of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). We found that SOX9 is upregulated in SWCNT-exposed cells, which is consistent with their abilities to induce tumor formation and metastasis in vivo. We therefore hypothesized that SOX9 overexpression may be responsible for the neoplastic-like phenotype observed in our model. Indeed, SOX9 knockdown inhibited anchorage-independent cell growth in vitro and lung colonization in vivo in a mouse xenograft model. SOX9 depletion also suppressed the formation of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), as determined by tumor sphere formation and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity (Aldefluor) assays. Furthermore, SOX9 knockdown suppressed tumor metastasis and the expression of the stem cell marker ALDH1A1. Taken together, our findings provide a mechanistic insight into SWCNT-induced carcinogenesis and the role of SOX9 in CSC regulation and metastasis.
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21
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Abstract
Advances in cancer research in the past have led to an evolving understanding of cancer pathogenesis and the development of novel drugs that significantly improve patient outcomes. However, many patients still encounter treatment resistance, recurrence, or metastasis and eventually die from progressing disease. Experimental evidence indicates that a subpopulation of cancer cells, called cancer stem cells (CSCs), possess "stemness" properties similar to normal stem cells, including self-renewal, differentiation, and proliferative potential. These stemness properties are lost during differentiation and are governed by pathways such as STAT3, NANOG, NOTCH, WNT, and HEDGEHOG, which are highly dysregulated in CSCs due to genetic and epigenetic changes. Promising results have been observed in preclinical models targeting these CSCs through the disruption of stemness pathways in combination with current treatment modalities. This has led to anti-CSC-based clinical trials in multiple stages of development. In this review, we discuss the role of CSCs and stemness pathways in cancer treatment and how they relate to clinical observations. Because CSCs and the stemness pathways governing them may explain the negative clinical outcomes observed during treatment, it is important for oncologists to understand how they contribute to cancer progression and how they may be targeted to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave., NC10, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - Huiping Liu
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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22
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Hubbard JM, Grothey A. Napabucasin: An Update on the First-in-Class Cancer Stemness Inhibitor. Drugs 2017; 77:1091-1103. [PMID: 28573435 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-017-0759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Napabucasin (BBI608) is an orally administered small molecule that blocks stem cell activity in cancer cells by targeting the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway is over-activated in many types of cancer and has been shown to be an important pathway in cancer stem cell-mediated propagation of cancer. Cancer stem cells are a subpopulation of cancer cells considered to be the primary source of tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to conventional therapies, and thus, responsible for cancer relapse. This review describes the clinical development program of this first-in-class cancer stemness inhibitor, including preclinical discovery, early clinical trials, current phase III clinical trial evaluation, and future therapeutic combinations. The therapeutic potential of napabucasin was first reported in a preclinical study that demonstrated the potent anti-tumor and anti-metastatic activity of napabucasin in several different cancer types, both in vitro and in vivo. In mouse models, napabucasin was effective both as a monotherapy and in combination with other agents; in particular, synergy was observed with paclitaxel in vivo. Napabucasin clinical trials have demonstrated encouraging anti-tumor activity as monotherapy and in combination with conventional therapeutics, with no significant pharmacokinetic interactions when used in combination therapies. Adverse events attributed to napabucasin have been predominantly mild, although some patients have experienced grade 3 gastrointestinal adverse events. More severe adverse events required reduced or discontinued dosing of napabucasin or medication to reverse or manage symptoms. In conclusion, napabucasin may prove useful in targeting cancer stem cells, with the potential to suppress metastasis and prevent relapse in patients with varying cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joleen M Hubbard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, 200 First Street NW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Axel Grothey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, 200 First Street NW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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23
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Lee KY. A unified pathogenesis for kidney diseases, including genetic diseases and cancers, by the protein-homeostasis-system hypothesis. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2017; 36:132-144. [PMID: 28680821 PMCID: PMC5491160 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.2017.36.2.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Every cell of an organism is separated and protected by a cell membrane. It is proposed that harmony between intercellular communication and the health of an organism is controlled by a system, designated the protein-homeostasis-system (PHS). Kidneys consist of a variety of types of renal cells, each with its own characteristic cell-receptor interactions and producing characteristic proteins. A functional union of these renal cells can be determined by various renal function tests, and harmonious intercellular communication is essential for the healthy state of the host. Injury to a kind of renal cells can impair renal function and induce an imbalance in total body health. Every acute or chronic renal disease has unknown etiologic substances that are responsible for renal cell injury at the molecular level. The immune/repair system of the host should control the etiologic substances acting against renal cells; if this system fails, the disease progresses to end stage renal disease. Each renal disease has its characteristic pathologic lesions where immune cells and immune proteins, such as immunoglobulins and complements, are infiltrated. These immune cells and immune proteins may control the etiologic substances involved in renal pathologic lesions. Also, genetic renal diseases and cancers may originate from a protein deficiency or malfunctioning protein under the PHS. A unified pathogenesis for renal diseases, including acute glomerulonephritis, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, immunoglobulin A nephropathy, genetic renal diseases such as Alport syndrome, and malignancies such as Wilms tumor and renal cell carcinoma, is proposed using the PHS hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Yil Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
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24
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Sinha N, Panda PK, Naik PP, Maiti TK, Bhutia SK. Abrus agglutinin targets cancer stem-like cells by eliminating self-renewal capacity accompanied with apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317701634. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317701634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulating evidences show that Abrus agglutinin, a plant lectin, displays a broad range of anticancer activity including cancer-specific induction of apoptosis; however, the underlying molecular mechanism of Abrus agglutinin–induced oral cancer stem cell elimination remains elusive. Our data documented that Abrus agglutinin effectively downregulated the CD44+ expression with the increased CD44− population in different oral cancer cells. After 24-h Abrus agglutinin treatment, FaDu cells were quantified for orosphere formation in ultra-low attachment plates and data showed that Abrus agglutinin inhibited the number and size of orosphere in a dose-dependent manner in FaDu cells. Furthermore, Abrus agglutinin hindered the plasticity of FaDu orospheres as supported by reduced sphere formation and downregulated the self-renewal property via inhibition of Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway. Introduction of LiCl, a glycogen synthase kinase 3β inhibitor, rescued the Abrus agglutinin–stimulated inhibition of β-catenin and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β in FaDu cell–derived orospheres confirming importance of Wnt signaling in Abrus agglutinin–mediated inhibition of stemness. In this connection, our data showed that Abrus agglutinin restrained proliferation and induced apoptosis in FaDu-derived cancer stem cells in dose-dependent manner. Moreover, western blot data demonstrated that Abrus agglutinin increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio with activation of poly(adenosine diphosphate–ribose) polymerase and caspase-3 favoring apoptosis induction in orospheres. Abrus agglutinin induced reactive oxygen species accumulation in orospheres and pretreatment of N-acetyl cysteine, and a reactive oxygen species scavenger inhibited Abrus agglutinin–mediated caspase-3 activity and β-catenin expression indicating reactive oxygen species as a principal regulator of Wnt signaling and apoptosis. In conclusion, Abrus agglutinin has a potential role as an integrative therapeutic approach for combating oral cancer through targeting self-renewability of orospheres via reactive oxygen species–mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Sinha
- Department of Life science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, India
| | - Prashanta Kumar Panda
- Department of Life science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, India
| | - Prajna Paramita Naik
- Department of Life science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, India
| | - Tapas K Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Sujit K Bhutia
- Department of Life science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, India
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25
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Ricchetti M. How stem cells manage to escape senescence and ageing - while they can: A recent study reveals that autophagy is responsible for senescence-dependent loss of regenerative potential of muscle stem cells during ageing. Bioessays 2016; 38:857-62. [PMID: 27389857 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201600064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle stem cells or satellite cells are responsible for muscle regeneration in the adult. Although satellite cells are highly resistant to stress, and display greater capacity to repair molecular damage than the committed progeny, their regenerative potential declines with age. During ageing, satellite cells switch to a state of permanent cell cycle arrest or senescence which prevents their activation. A recent study reveals that the senescence of satellite cell relies on defective autophagy, the quality control mechanism that degrades damaged proteins and organelles. Molecular damage is generated by oxidative stress that also promotes epigenetic changes that activate the expression of master genes, in a double-hit mechanism that ensures senescence. Importantly, genetic, and pharmacological correction of defective autophagy reverses satellite cell senescence and restores muscle regeneration in geriatric mice, with perspectives of modulating age-related functional decline of muscle. This study provides new clues to understand stem cell and organismal ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miria Ricchetti
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Stem Cells and Development, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 3525, Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, Paris, France
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26
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van Neerven SM, Tieken M, Vermeulen L, Bijlsma MF. Bidirectional interconversion of stem and non-stem cancer cell populations: A reassessment of theoretical models for tumor heterogeneity. Mol Cell Oncol 2015; 3:e1098791. [PMID: 27308617 PMCID: PMC4905404 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2015.1098791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Resolving the origin of intratumor heterogeneity has proven to be one of the central challenges in cancer research during recent years. Two theoretical models explaining the emergence of intratumor heterogeneity have come to dominate cancer biology literature: the clonal evolution model and the hierarchical/cancer stem cell model. Recently, a plastic model that combines elements of both the clonal and the hierarchical model has gained traction. Basically, this model proposes that cancer stem cells engage in bidirectional interconversion with non-stem cells, thereby providing the missing link between the 2 conventional models. Confirming bidirectional interconversion as a hallmark of cancer is a crucial step in understanding tumor heterogeneity and has important therapeutic implications. In this review, current methodologies and theoretical and empirical evidence regarding bidirectional interconversion will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne M van Neerven
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mathijs Tieken
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Louis Vermeulen
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten F Bijlsma
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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27
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Feitelson MA, Arzumanyan A, Kulathinal RJ, Blain SW, Holcombe RF, Mahajna J, Marino M, Martinez-Chantar ML, Nawroth R, Sanchez-Garcia I, Sharma D, Saxena NK, Singh N, Vlachostergios PJ, Guo S, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Bilsland A, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Keith WN, Nowsheen S. Sustained proliferation in cancer: Mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S25-S54. [PMID: 25892662 PMCID: PMC4898971 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 419] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation is an important part of cancer development and progression. This is manifest by altered expression and/or activity of cell cycle related proteins. Constitutive activation of many signal transduction pathways also stimulates cell growth. Early steps in tumor development are associated with a fibrogenic response and the development of a hypoxic environment which favors the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells. Part of the survival strategy of cancer stem cells may manifested by alterations in cell metabolism. Once tumors appear, growth and metastasis may be supported by overproduction of appropriate hormones (in hormonally dependent cancers), by promoting angiogenesis, by undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition, by triggering autophagy, and by taking cues from surrounding stromal cells. A number of natural compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, indole-3-carbinol, brassinin, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein, ellagitannins, lycopene and quercetin) have been found to inhibit one or more pathways that contribute to proliferation (e.g., hypoxia inducible factor 1, nuclear factor kappa B, phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, Wnt, cell cycle associated proteins, as well as androgen and estrogen receptor signaling). These data, in combination with bioinformatics analyses, will be very important for identifying signaling pathways and molecular targets that may provide early diagnostic markers and/or critical targets for the development of new drugs or drug combinations that block tumor formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rob J Kulathinal
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Stacy W Blain
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Randall F Holcombe
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- MIGAL-Galilee Technology Center, Cancer Drug Discovery Program, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Roman Nawroth
- Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isidro Sanchez-Garcia
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neetu Singh
- Tissue and Cell Culture Unit, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7YG, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmonas Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
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28
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Persano L, Zagoura D, Louisse J, Pistollato F. Role of Environmental Chemicals, Processed Food Derivatives, and Nutrients in the Induction of Carcinogenesis. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2337-52. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Persano
- Istituto di Riceca Pediatrica Città della Speranza—IRP, Padova, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Dimitra Zagoura
- Laboratory of Biology, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Jochem Louisse
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Francesca Pistollato
- Center for Nutrition & Health, Universidad Europea del Atlantico (UEA), Santander, Spain
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29
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Tomellini E, Touil Y, Lagadec C, Julien S, Ostyn P, Ziental-Gelus N, Meignan S, Lengrand J, Adriaenssens E, Polakowska R, Le Bourhis X. Nerve growth factor and proNGF simultaneously promote symmetric self-renewal, quiescence, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition to enlarge the breast cancer stem cell compartment. Stem Cells 2015; 33:342-53. [PMID: 25286822 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of cancer stem cells (CSCs) fundamentally advanced our understanding of the mechanisms governing breast cancer development. However, the stimuli that control breast CSC self-renewal and differentiation have still not been fully detailed. We previously showed that nerve growth factor (NGF) and its precursor proNGF can stimulate breast cancer cell growth and invasion in an autocrine manner. In this study, we investigated the effects of NGF and proNGF on the breast CSC compartment and found that NGF or proNGF enrich for CSCs in several breast cancer cell lines. This enrichment appeared to be achieved by increasing the number of symmetric divisions of quiescent/slow-proliferating CSCs. Interestingly, in vitro NGF pretreatment of MCF-7 luminal breast cancer cells promoted epithelial to mesenchymal transition in tumors of severe combined immunodeficient mice. Furthermore, p75(NTR), the common receptor for both neurotrophins and proneurotrophins, mediated breast CSC self-renewal by regulating the expression of pluripotency transcription factors. Our data indicate, for the first time, that the NGF/proNGF/p75(NTR) axis plays a critical role in regulating breast CSC self-renewal and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tomellini
- Inserm U908, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; Université Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; Inserm U837 Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Lille, France
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30
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Sivasubramaniyan K, Harichandan A, Schilbach K, Mack AF, Bedke J, Stenzl A, Kanz L, Niederfellner G, Bühring HJ. Expression of stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4) defines spontaneous loss of epithelial phenotype in human solid tumor cells. Glycobiology 2015; 25:902-17. [PMID: 25978997 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4) is a glycosphingolipid, which is overexpressed in some cancers and has been linked to disease progression. However, little is known about the functions of SSEA-4 and the characteristics of SSEA-4 expressing tumor cells. Our studies identified SSEA-4 expression on a subpopulation of cells in many solid tumor cell lines but not in leukemic cell lines. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting-sorted SSEA-4(+) prostate cancer cells formed fibroblast-like colonies with limited cell-cell contacts, whereas SSEA-4(-) cells formed cobblestone-like epithelial colonies. Only colonies derived from SSEA-4(+) cells were enriched for pluripotent embryonic stem cell markers. Moreover, major epithelial cell-associated markers Claudin-7, E-cadherin, ESRP1 and GRHL2 were down-regulated in the SSEA-4(+) fraction of DU145 and HCT-116 cells. Similar to cell lines, SSEA-4(+) primary prostate tumor cells also showed down-regulation of epithelial cell-associated markers. In addition, they showed up-regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition as well as mesenchymal markers. Furthermore, SSEA-4(+) cells escape from adhesive colonies spontaneously and form invadopodia-like migratory structures, in which SSEA-4, cortactin as well as active pPI3K, pAkt and pSrc are enriched and colocalized. Finally, SSEA-4(+) cells displayed strong tumorigenic ability and stable knockdown of SSEA-4 synthesis resulted in decreased cellular adhesion to different extracellular matrices. In conclusion, we introduce SSEA-4 as a novel marker to identify heterogeneous, invasive subpopulations of tumor cells. Moreover, increased cell-surface SSEA-4 expression is associated with the loss of cell-cell interactions and the gain of a migratory phenotype, suggesting an important role of SSEA-4 in cancer invasion by influencing cellular adhesion to the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Sivasubramaniyan
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Hematology, Immunology, Oncology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, University Clinic of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Abhishek Harichandan
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Hematology, Immunology, Oncology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, University Clinic of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany Department of Urology, University Clinic of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Schilbach
- Department of Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Andreas F Mack
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jens Bedke
- Department of Urology, University Clinic of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, University Clinic of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lothar Kanz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Hematology, Immunology, Oncology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, University Clinic of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Niederfellner
- Discovery Oncology, Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Bühring
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Hematology, Immunology, Oncology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, University Clinic of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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31
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The molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic resistance of cancer stem cells. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:389-401. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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32
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Cripto-1 expression and its prognostic value in human bladder cancer patients. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:1105-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2695-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified in a growing list of malignancies and are believed to be responsible for cancer initiation, metastasis and relapse following certain therapies, even though they may only represent a small fraction of the cells in a given cancer. Like somatic stem cells and embryonic stem cells, CSCs are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into more mature, less tumorigenic cells that make up the bulk populations of cancer cells. Elimination of CSCs promises intriguing therapeutic potential and this concept has been adopted in preclinical drug discovery programs. Herein we will discuss the progress of these efforts, general considerations in practice, major challenges and possible solutions.
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34
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Haselgrübler T, Haider M, Ji B, Juhasz K, Sonnleitner A, Balogi Z, Hesse J. High-throughput, multiparameter analysis of single cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:3279-96. [PMID: 24292433 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneity of cell populations in various biological systems has been widely recognized, and the highly heterogeneous nature of cancer cells has been emerging with clinical relevance. Single-cell analysis using a combination of high-throughput and multiparameter approaches is capable of reflecting cell-to-cell variability, and at the same time of unraveling the complexity and interdependence of cellular processes in the individual cells of a heterogeneous population. In this review, analytical methods and microfluidic tools commonly used for high-throughput, multiparameter single-cell analysis of DNA, RNA, and proteins are discussed. Applications and limitations of currently available technologies for cancer research and diagnostics are reviewed in the light of the ultimate goal to establish clinically applicable assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Haselgrübler
- Center for Advanced Bioanalysis GmbH, Gruberstraße 40-42, 4020, Linz, Austria,
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35
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Personalized synthetic lethality induced by targeting RAD52 in leukemias identified by gene mutation and expression profile. Blood 2013; 122:1293-304. [PMID: 23836560 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-05-501072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination repair (HRR) protects cells from the lethal effect of spontaneous and therapy-induced DNA double-stand breaks. HRR usually depends on BRCA1/2-RAD51, and RAD52-RAD51 serves as back-up. To target HRR in tumor cells, a phenomenon called "synthetic lethality" was applied, which relies on the addiction of cancer cells to a single DNA repair pathway, whereas normal cells operate 2 or more mechanisms. Using mutagenesis and a peptide aptamer approach, we pinpointed phenylalanine 79 in RAD52 DNA binding domain I (RAD52-phenylalanine 79 [F79]) as a valid target to induce synthetic lethality in BRCA1- and/or BRCA2-deficient leukemias and carcinomas without affecting normal cells and tissues. Targeting RAD52-F79 disrupts the RAD52-DNA interaction, resulting in the accumulation of toxic DNA double-stand breaks in malignant cells, but not in normal counterparts. In addition, abrogation of RAD52-DNA interaction enhanced the antileukemia effect of already-approved drugs. BRCA-deficient status predisposing to RAD52-dependent synthetic lethality could be predicted by genetic abnormalities such as oncogenes BCR-ABL1 and PML-RAR, mutations in BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 genes, and gene expression profiles identifying leukemias displaying low levels of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2. We believe this work may initiate a personalized therapeutic approach in numerous patients with tumors displaying encoded and functional BRCA deficiency.
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36
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Dong P, Kaneuchi M, Konno Y, Watari H, Sudo S, Sakuragi N. Emerging therapeutic biomarkers in endometrial cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:130362. [PMID: 23819113 PMCID: PMC3693108 DOI: 10.1155/2013/130362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although clinical trials of molecular therapies targeting critical biomarkers (mTOR, epidermal growth factor receptor/epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and vascular endothelial growth factor) in endometrial cancer show modest effects, there are still challenges that might remain regarding primary/acquired drug resistance and unexpected side effects on normal tissues. New studies that aim to target both genetic and epigenetic alterations (noncoding microRNA) underlying malignant properties of tumor cells and to specifically attack tumor cells using cell surface markers overexpressed in tumor tissue are emerging. More importantly, strategies that disrupt the cancer stem cell/epithelial-mesenchymal transition-dependent signals and reactivate antitumor immune responses would bring new hope for complete elimination of all cell compartments in endometrial cancer. We briefly review the current status of molecular therapies tested in clinical trials and mainly discuss the potential therapeutic candidates that are possibly used to develop more effective and specific therapies against endometrial cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Dong
- Department of Women's Health Educational System, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masanori Kaneuchi
- Department of Women's Health Educational System, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yosuke Konno
- Department of Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hidemichi Watari
- Department of Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Satoko Sudo
- Department of Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Noriaki Sakuragi
- Department of Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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