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Tricou LP, Al-Hawat ML, Cherifi K, Manrique G, Freedman BR, Matoori S. Wound pH-Modulating Strategies for Diabetic Wound Healing. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2024. [PMID: 38149883 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2023.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Chronic diabetic wounds on the lower extremities (diabetic foot ulcers, DFU) are one of the most prevalent and life-threatening complications of diabetes, responsible for significant loss of quality of life and cost to the health care system. Available pharmacologic treatments fail to achieve complete healing in many patients. Recent studies and investigational treatments have highlighted the potential of modulating wound pH in DFU. Recent Advances: Data from in vitro, preclinical, and clinical studies highlight the role of pH in the pathophysiology of DFU, and topical administration of pH-lowering agents have shown promise as a therapeutic strategy for diabetic wounds. In this critical review, we describe the role of pH in DFU pathophysiology and present selected low-molecular-weight and hydrogel-based pH-modulating systems for wound healing and infection control in diabetic wounds. Critical Issues: The molecular mechanisms leading to pH alterations in diabetic wounds are complex and may differ between in vitro models, animal models of diabetes, and the human pathophysiology. Wound pH-lowering bandages for DFU therapy must be tested in established animal models of diabetic wound healing and patients with diabetes to establish a comprehensive benefit-risk profile. Future Directions: As our understanding of the role of pH in the pathophysiology of diabetic wounds is deepening, new treatments for this therapeutic target are being developed and will be tested in preclinical and clinical studies. These therapeutic systems will establish a target product profile for pH-lowering treatments such as an optimal pH profile for each wound healing stage. Thus, controlling wound bed pH could become a powerful tool to accelerate chronic diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo-Paul Tricou
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- ISPB Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Chemical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montreal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Katia Cherifi
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Benjamin R Freedman
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Simon Matoori
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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2
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Antibiofilm Properties of Antiseptic Agents Used on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911270. [PMID: 36232569 PMCID: PMC9569737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), biofilm formation is a major challenge that promotes wound chronicity and delays healing. Antiseptics have been proposed to combat biofilms in the management of DFUs. However, there is limited evidence on the activity of these agents against biofilms, and there are questions as to which agents have the best efficiency. Here, we evaluated the antibiofilm activity of sodium hypochlorite, polyvinylpyrrolidoneIodine (PVPI), polyhexamethylenebiguanide (PHMB) and octenidine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains using static and dynamic systems in a chronic-wound-like medium (CWM) that mimics the chronic wound environment. Using Antibiofilmogram®, a technology assessing the ability of antiseptics to reduce the initial phase of biofilm formation, we observed the significant activity of antiseptics against biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa (at 1:40 to 1:8 dilutions). Moreover, 1:100 to 1:3 dilutions of the different antiseptics reduced mature biofilms formed after 72 h by 10-log, although higher concentrations were needed in CWM (1:40 to 1:2). Finally, in the BioFlux200TM model, after biofilm debridement, sodium hypochlorite and PHMB were the most effective antiseptics. In conclusion, our study showed that among the four antiseptics tested, sodium hypochlorite demonstrated the best antibiofilm activity against P. aeruginosa biofilms and represents an alternative in the management of DFUs.
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Pouget C, Dunyach-Remy C, Pantel A, Boutet-Dubois A, Schuldiner S, Sotto A, Lavigne JP, Loubet P. Alternative Approaches for the Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:747618. [PMID: 34675910 PMCID: PMC8524042 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.747618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) represent a growing public health problem. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a complication due to the difficulties in distinguishing between infection and colonization in DFU. Another problem lies in biofilm formation on the skin surface of DFU. Biofilm is an important pathophysiology step in DFU and may contribute to healing delays. Both MDR bacteria and biofilm producing microorganism create hostile conditions to antibiotic action that lead to chronicity of the wound, followed by infection and, in the worst scenario, lower limb amputation. In this context, alternative approaches to antibiotics for the management of DFU would be very welcome. In this review, we discuss current knowledge on biofilm in DFU and we focus on some new alternative solutions for the management of these wounds, such as antibiofilm approaches that could prevent the establishment of microbial biofilms and wound chronicity. These innovative therapeutic strategies could replace or complement the classical strategy for the management of DFU to improve the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Pouget
- Virulence Bactérienne et Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Catherine Dunyach-Remy
- Virulence Bactérienne et Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service de Microbiologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, Clinique du Pied Gard Occitanie, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Alix Pantel
- Virulence Bactérienne et Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service de Microbiologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, Clinique du Pied Gard Occitanie, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Adeline Boutet-Dubois
- Virulence Bactérienne et Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service de Microbiologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, Clinique du Pied Gard Occitanie, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Sophie Schuldiner
- Virulence Bactérienne et Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service des Maladies Métaboliques et Endocriniennes, Clinique du Pied Gard Occitanie, CHU Nîmes, Le Grau-du-Roi, France
| | - Albert Sotto
- Virulence Bactérienne et Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Clinique du Pied Gard Occitanie, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Lavigne
- Virulence Bactérienne et Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service de Microbiologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, Clinique du Pied Gard Occitanie, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Paul Loubet
- Virulence Bactérienne et Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Clinique du Pied Gard Occitanie, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
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Wolcott RD, Cook RG, Johnson E, Jones CE, Kennedy JP, Simman R, Woo K, Weir D, Schultz G, Hermans MH. A review of iodine-based compounds, with a focus on biofilms: results of an expert panel. J Wound Care 2020; 29:S38-S43. [PMID: 32654617 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2020.29.sup7.s38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms play a central role in the chronicity of non-healing lesions such as venous leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers. Therefore, biofilm management and treatment is now considered an essential part of wound care. Many antimicrobial treatments, whether topical or systemic, have been shown to have limited efficacy in the treatment of biofilm phenotypes. The antimicrobial properties of iodine compounds rely on multiple and diverse interactions to exert their effects on microorganisms. An expert panel, held in Las Vegas during the autumn Symposium on Advanced Wound Care meeting in 2018, discussed these properties, with the focus on iodine and iodophors and their effects on biofilm prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Randall G Cook
- Jackson Wound and Hyperbaric Medicine Center, Montgomery, AL, US
| | - Eric Johnson
- Bozeman Deaconess Wound and Hyperbaric Center, Driggs, ID, US
| | | | | | | | - Kevin Woo
- Queen's School of Nursing, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Dot Weir
- Catholic Health Advanced Wound Healing Centers, Cheektowaga, NY, US
| | - Gregory Schultz
- Institute for Wound Research to Study Molecular and Cellular Regulation of Healing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, US
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Lipsky BA, Senneville É, Abbas ZG, Aragón-Sánchez J, Diggle M, Embil JM, Kono S, Lavery LA, Malone M, van Asten SA, Urbančič-Rovan V, Peters EJG. Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of foot infection in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2019 update). Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020; 36 Suppl 1:e3280. [PMID: 32176444 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) has published evidence-based guidelines on the prevention and management of diabetic foot disease since 1999. This guideline is on the diagnosis and treatment of foot infection in persons with diabetes and updates the 2015 IWGDF infection guideline. On the basis of patient, intervention, comparison, outcomes (PICOs) developed by the infection committee, in conjunction with internal and external reviewers and consultants, and on systematic reviews the committee conducted on the diagnosis of infection (new) and treatment of infection (updated from 2015), we offer 27 recommendations. These cover various aspects of diagnosing soft tissue and bone infection, including the classification scheme for diagnosing infection and its severity. Of note, we have updated this scheme for the first time since we developed it 15 years ago. We also review the microbiology of diabetic foot infections, including how to collect samples and to process them to identify causative pathogens. Finally, we discuss the approach to treating diabetic foot infections, including selecting appropriate empiric and definitive antimicrobial therapy for soft tissue and for bone infections, when and how to approach surgical treatment, and which adjunctive treatments we think are or are not useful for the infectious aspects of diabetic foot problems. For this version of the guideline, we also updated four tables and one figure from the 2016 guideline. We think that following the principles of diagnosing and treating diabetic foot infections outlined in this guideline can help clinicians to provide better care for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Lipsky
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Zulfiqarali G Abbas
- Abbas Medical Centre, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | - Mathew Diggle
- Alberta Public Laboratories, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John M Embil
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shigeo Kono
- WHO-collaborating Centre for Diabetes, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Lawrence A Lavery
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Matthew Malone
- South West Sydney Local Health District, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Vilma Urbančič-Rovan
- Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Edgar J G Peters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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6
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Scully R, Hurlow J, Walker M, Metcalf D, Parsons D, Bowler P. Clinical and in vitro performance of an antibiofilm Hydrofiber wound dressing. J Wound Care 2019; 27:584-592. [PMID: 30204577 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2018.27.9.584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical and in vitro performance of a next-generation antibiofilm silver dressing (NGAD) with an established antimicrobial dressing technology that was developed before the recognition of wound biofilm as a clinical challenge. METHOD Real-life evaluations of challenging wounds managed previously with cadexomer iodine (CI) dressings followed by switching to NGAD were evaluated alongside electron, confocal and light microscopy images from a challenging, in vitro, exuding chronic wound model. Clinical case studies on the use of CI and NGAD dressings are presented to further explore the real-life evidence and in vitro findings. RESULTS We assessed 13 non-healing wounds that had been managed with protocols including CI dressings. After a median of four weeks, switching to the NGAD as primary dressing resulted in improvements in nine wounds and healing in two wounds, with associated improvements in wound bed appearance, while dressing usage was the same as or lower than before. The NGAD was observed to prevent the development of Staphylococcus aureus- Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm over three days, in contrast to the CI dressing, which appeared to support biofilm development once the active antimicrobial was exhausted from its carrier material. Clinical case studies exhibited this exhaustion as 'whiting out' of the dressing, with wound biofilm observed from samples taken following dressing use. Positive wound and patient outcomes were observed in two cases following the switch from a CI primary dressing to the NGAD, in highly exuding and infected wounds. CONCLUSION Antimicrobial dressings may be effective against biofilm in some laboratory models, but their effectiveness as a wound dressings in protocols of care must be verified clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Scully
- Senior Microscopist, Electron Microscopy Unit, 1st floor LB5-71, Cellular Pathology Department, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board Trust, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | | | - Mike Walker
- Independent Wound and Skin Biologist, Flintshire, UK
| | - Daniel Metcalf
- Associate Director; Science & Technology, R&D, ConvaTec Ltd., Global Development Centre, First Avenue, Deeside Industrial Park, Flintshire CH5 2NU, UK
| | - David Parsons
- Director; Science & Technology, R&D, ConvaTec Ltd., Global Development Centre, First Avenue, Deeside Industrial Park, Flintshire CH5 2NU, UK
| | - Philip Bowler
- Vice President, Science & Technology, R&D, ConvaTec Ltd., Global Development Centre, First Avenue, Deeside Industrial Park, Flintshire CH5 2NU, UK
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Malone M, Schwarzer S, Radzieta M, Jeffries T, Walsh A, Dickson HG, Micali G, Jensen SO. Effect on total microbial load and community composition with two vs six-week topical Cadexomer Iodine for treating chronic biofilm infections in diabetic foot ulcers. Int Wound J 2019; 16:1477-1486. [PMID: 31487117 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compares two vs six weeks of topical antimicrobial therapy with Cadexomer Iodine in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) complicated by chronic biofilm infections. Patients with non-healing DFUs with suspected chronic biofilm infections were eligible for enrolment. Patients were randomised to receive either two or six weeks of treatment with topical Cadexomer Iodine. Tissue biopsies from the ulcers were obtained pre-and-post treatment and underwent DNA sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the total microbial load, community composition, and diversity of bacteria. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed biofilm in all 18 ulcers with suspected chronic biofilm infections. Cadexomer Iodine resulted in 14 of 18 (78%) samples achieving a mean 0.5 log10 reduction in microbial load. Regardless of treatment duration, there was no statistical difference in the reduction of total microbial loads. No difference in the rate of wound healing in the two groups was seen at 6 weeks. Cadexomer Iodine reduces the total microbial load in DFUs with chronic biofilm infections and affects microbial community composition and diversity. All ulcers in both groups showed an initial reduction in wound size with application of Cadexomer Iodine, which might reflect its effect on biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Malone
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, South West Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,High Risk Foot Service, Liverpool Hospital, South West Sydney LHD, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Saskia Schwarzer
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, South West Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,High Risk Foot Service, Liverpool Hospital, South West Sydney LHD, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Radzieta
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, South West Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas Jeffries
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Annie Walsh
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, South West Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,High Risk Foot Service, Liverpool Hospital, South West Sydney LHD, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hugh G Dickson
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, South West Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Grace Micali
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Mobile Elements Group, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Slade O Jensen
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, South West Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Antimicrobial Resistance and Mobile Elements Group, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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8
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Roche ED, Woodmansey EJ, Yang Q, Gibson DJ, Zhang H, Schultz GS. Cadexomer iodine effectively reduces bacterial biofilm in porcine wounds ex vivo and in vivo. Int Wound J 2019; 16:674-683. [PMID: 30868761 PMCID: PMC6850490 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are prevalent in non-healing chronic wounds and implicated in delayed healing. Tolerance to antimicrobial treatments and the host's immune system leave clinicians with limited interventions against biofilm populations. It is therefore essential that effective treatments be rigorously tested and demonstrate an impact on biofilm across multiple experimental models to guide clinical investigations and protocols. Cadexomer iodine has previously been shown to be effective against biofilm in various in vitro models, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm in mouse wounds, and clinically in diabetic foot ulcers complicated by biofilm. Similarities between porcine and human skin make the pig a favoured model for cutaneous wound studies. Two antiseptic dressings and a gauze control were assessed against mature biofilm grown on ex vivo pig skin and in a pig wound model. Significant reductions in biofilm were observed following treatment with cadexomer iodine across both biofilm models. In contrast, silver carboxymethylcellulose dressings had minimal impact on biofilm in the models, with similar results to the control in the ex vivo model. Microscopy and histopathology indicate that the depth of organisms in wound tissue may impact treatment effectiveness. Further work on the promising biofilm efficacy of cadexomer iodine is needed to determine optimal treatment durations against biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Roche
- Advanced Wound Management R&D, Smith & NephewFort WorthTexas
| | - Emma J. Woodmansey
- Clinical, Scientific and Medical Affairs, Smith & NephewKingston upon HullUK
| | - Qingping Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Wound ResearchUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida
| | - Daniel J. Gibson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Wound ResearchUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida
| | - Hongen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Wound ResearchUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida
| | - Gregory S. Schultz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Wound ResearchUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida
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9
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Malone M, Johani K, Jensen SO, Gosbell IB, Dickson HG, McLennan S, Hu H, Vickery K. Effect of cadexomer iodine on the microbial load and diversity of chronic non-healing diabetic foot ulcers complicated by biofilm in vivo. J Antimicrob Chemother 2018; 72:2093-2101. [PMID: 28402558 PMCID: PMC5890712 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The performance of cadexomer iodine was determined against microbial populations from chronic non-healing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) complicated by biofilm in vivo, using molecular, microscopy and zymography methods. Methods: Chronic non-healing DFUs due to suspected biofilm involvement were eligible for enrolment. DNA sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the microbial load and diversity of tissue punch biopsies obtained pre- and post-treatment. Scanning electron microscopy and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence or absence of biofilm. Zymography was used to determine levels of wound proteases. Results: Seventeen participants were recruited over a 6 month period. Scanning electron microscopy and or fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of biofilm in all samples. Eleven participants exhibited log10 reductions in microbial load after treatment (range 1–2 log10) in comparison with six patients who experienced <1 log10 reduction (P = 0.04). Samples were tested for levels of wound proteases pre- and post-treatment. Reductions in the microbial load correlated to reductions in wound proteases pre- and post-treatment (P = 0.03). Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first in vivo evidence, employing a range of molecular and microscopy techniques, of the ability of cadexomer iodine to reduce the microbial load of chronic non-healing DFUs complicated by biofilm. Further analyses correlating log reductions to optimal duration of therapy and improvements in clinical parameters of wound healing in a larger cohort are required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K Johani
- Surgical Infection Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - S O Jensen
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.,Antimicrobial Resistance and Mobile Elements Group, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - I B Gosbell
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.,Antimicrobial Resistance and Mobile Elements Group, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - H G Dickson
- Liverpool Diabetes Collaborative Research Unit, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.,Ambulatory Care Department (PIXI), Liverpool Hospital, South West Sydney LHD, Sydney, Australia
| | - S McLennan
- The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, NSW, Australia
| | - H Hu
- Surgical Infection Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - K Vickery
- Surgical Infection Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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Abstract
The abstract book contains the abstracts of keynote lectures, focus sessions, symposia, workshops, AIUC annual meeting, AISLEC annual meeting, EPUAP annual meeting, ETRS special session, sponsor symposia, oral presentations, poster presentations and the subject index.
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11
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Henshaw FR, Bolton T, Nube V, Hood A, Veldhoen D, Pfrunder L, McKew GL, Macleod C, McLennan SV, Twigg SM. Topical application of the bee hive protectant propolis is well tolerated and improves human diabetic foot ulcer healing in a prospective feasibility study. J Diabetes Complications 2014; 28:850-7. [PMID: 25239451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Propolis is a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory bee derived protectant resin. We have previously reported that topically applied propolis reduces inflammation and improves cutaneous ulcer healing in diabetic rodents. The aim of this study was to determine if propolis shows efficacy in a pilot study of human diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) healing and if it is well tolerated. MATERIALS Serial consenting subjects (n=24) with DFU ≥4 weeks' duration had topical propolis applied at each clinic review for 6 weeks. Post-debridement wound fluid was analyzed for viable bacterial count and pro-inflammatory MMP-9 activity. Ulcer healing data were compared with a matched control cohort of n=84 with comparable DFU treated recently at the same center. RESULTS Ulcer area was reduced by a mean 41% in the propolis group compared with 16% in the control group at week 1 (P<0.001), and by 63 vs. 44% at week 3, respectively (P<0.05). In addition, 10 vs. 2% (P<0.001), then 19 vs. 12% (P<0.05) of propolis treated vs. control ulcers had fully healed by weeks 3 and 7, respectively. Post-debridement wound fluid active MMP-9 was significantly reduced, by 18.1 vs. 2.8% week 3 from baseline in propolis treated ulcers vs. controls (P<0.001), as were bacterial counts (P<0.001). No adverse effects from propolis were reported. CONCLUSIONS Topical propolis is a well-tolerated therapy for wound healing and this pilot in human DFU indicates for the first time that it may enhance wound closure in this setting when applied weekly. A multi-site randomized controlled of topical propolis now appears to be warranted in diabetic foot ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances R Henshaw
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Diabetes Centre, Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thyra Bolton
- Diabetes Centre, Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vanessa Nube
- Diabetes Centre, Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anita Hood
- Diabetes Centre, Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Danielle Veldhoen
- Diabetes Centre, Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Louise Pfrunder
- Diabetes Centre, Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Genevieve L McKew
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Colin Macleod
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Susan V McLennan
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Diabetes Centre, Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen M Twigg
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Diabetes Centre, Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
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Abstract
Biomaterials are playing a vital role in our day-to-day life. Hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid), a biomaterial, receives special attention among them. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a polyanionic natural polymer occurring as linear polysaccharide composed of glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine repeats via a β-1,4 linkage. It is the most versatile macromolecule present in the connective tissues of all vertebrates. Hyaluronic acid has a wide range of applications with its excellent physicochemical properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and nonimmunogenicity and serves as an excellent tool in biomedical applications such as osteoarthritis surgery, ocular surgery, plastic surgery, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. It plays a key role in cushioning and lubricating the body and is abundant in the eyes, joints, and heart valves. A powerful antioxidant, hyaluronic acid is perhaps best known for its ability to bond water to tissue. Hyaluronan production increases in proliferating cells, and the polymer may play a role in mitosis. This chapter gives an overview of hyaluronic acid and its physicochemical properties and applications. This chapter gives a deep understanding on the special benefits of hyaluronic acid in the fields of pharmaceutical, medical, and environmental applications. Hyaluronic acid paves the way for beneficial research and applications to the welfare of life forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad N Sudha
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, DKM College for Women, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Maximas H Rose
- Department of Biology, Sri Sai Vidyasharam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Chitosan-hyaluronic acid/nano silver composite sponges for drug resistant bacteria infected diabetic wounds. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 62:310-20. [PMID: 24060281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop an antimicrobial sponge composed of chitosan, hyaluronic acid (HA) and nano silver (nAg) as a wound dressing for diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) infected with drug resistant bacteria. nAg (5-20 nm) was prepared and characterized. The nanocomposite sponges were prepared by homogenous mixing of chitosan, HA and nAg followed by freeze drying to obtain a flexible and porous structure. The prepared sponges were characterized using SEM and FT-IR. The porosity, swelling, biodegradation and haemostatic potential of the sponges were also studied. Antibacterial activity of the prepared sponges was analysed using Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia. Chitosan-HA/nAg composite sponges showed potent antimicrobial property against the tested organisms. Sponges containing higher nAg (0.005%, 0.01% and 0.02%) concentrations showed antibacterial activity against MRSA. Cytotoxicity and cell attachment studies were done using human dermal fibroblast cells. The nanocomposite sponges showed a nAg concentration dependent toxicity towards fibroblast cells. Our results suggest that this nanocomposite sponges could be used as a potential material for wound dressing for DFU infected with antibiotic resistant bacteria if the optimal concentration of nAg exhibiting antibacterial action with least toxicity towards mammalian cells is identified.
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Abstract
Chronic DFUs are a growing global health concern due to the implied high rates of morbidity and mortality. Standard-of-care modalities sometimes are not sufficient for some recalcitrant ulcers. The use of adjuvant topical therapies including advanced dressings and biologic therapies should be considered in patients whose DFU did not reduce in size after receiving standard care for a period of 4 weeks. These advanced treatments must be used in combination with standard care measures, including debridement, moist wound healing, offloading, and infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Richmond
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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