Shaeer's Corporal Rotation for Length‐Preserving Correction of Penile Curvature: Modifications and 3‐Year Experience

Shaeer's corporal rotation IV: length-preserving correction of congenital ventral penile curvature

BACKGROUND

For cases with severe penile curvature, the loss in length with shortening techniques or the loss in rigidity with incision grafting can compromise the results, hence the advent of Shaeer's corporal rotation III technique, which corrects the most severe degrees of ventral penile curvature without loss in length, though with a certain degree of narrowing.

AIM

We sought to describe Shaeer's corporal rotation IV, aiming at correction of moderate-to-severe ventral penile curvature with minimal shortening, minimal narrowing, and minimal mobilization of the neurovascular bundle, among other improvements such as using thicker suture material to decease recurrence while inverting the surgical knots.

METHODS

Forty-two patients with congenital ventral penile curvature were selected for the study with a curve ranging from 60° to 90°. Patients were randomized into 1 of the 2 groups: Shaeer's corporal rotation III (SCR-III) and SCR-IV. In SCR-IV, rotation is used to correct the main brunt of curvature, up to 70% to 80% of the curve. Plication is used to correct the residual curvature up to 100% straightness. This keeps the rotation points fewer and closer to the midline, thereby minimizing narrowing and mobilization of the neurovascular bundle.

OUTCOMES

Both groups were compared with regard to intraoperative erection angle, length, and girth, before and after rotation, as well as subjectively reported postoperative recurrence, penile sensitivity, satisfaction, and IIEF.

RESULTS

The postcorrection angle was zero for all cases in the 2 groups. Dorsal length decreased by 3% in the SCR-IV group compared with 0.5% in the SCR-III group (2.5% difference). The difference in circumference between the narrowest and widest points was 2% in the SCR-IV group vs 9.3% in the SCR-III group (7.3% difference). The average operative time was 19.2% shorter with SCR-IV. Girth asymmetry was reported in 1 (4.8%) of 21 patients in the SCR-IV group compared with 15 (71.4%) of 21 in the SCR-III group. Partial hyposensitivity of the penis was reported in 9.5% in the SCR-IV group compared with 19% in the SCR-III group.

CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

SCR-IV is an improvement over former versions of the technique, with higher patient satisfaction.

STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS

A strength of the study is the long follow-up period. Limitations include being a single-center study and reliance on patient reporting to evaluate recurrence and satisfaction.

CONCLUSION

The SCR-IV technique corrects moderate and severe degrees of congenital ventral penile curvature, with little or no compromise in penile length, girth, or sensitivity.

The effectiveness of penile curvature treatment by cavernous body rotation and plication of the tunica albuginea

Background

There are several approaches to the surgical treatment of the penile curvature conditionally divided into three large groups: tunica albuginea plication (TAP), corpus cavernosum rotation (CR), and transplantation of various materials. The study aims to compare the effectiveness of TAP and CR techniques in the treatment of penile curvature. There was a prospective randomized study of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with an established diagnosis of the penile curvature from 2017 to 2020 in Irkutsk, Russian Federation. The final analysis of the results included 22 cases.

Results

The analysis of the comparative intergroup effectiveness of the treatment performed based on the criteria established in the study showed good treatment results in 8 (88.8%) patients in the CR group and 9 (69.2%) patients in the TAP group (p = 0.577). The other patients obtained satisfactory results. There were no negative outcomes. Simple logistic regression analysis showed that the preoperative flexion angle > 60 degrees (OR 2.7; 95% CI 0.12; 5.28; p = 0.040) was significant in predicting the complaints of penile shortening during TAP. Both methods are safe, effective, and bring minimal risk of complications.

Conclusion

Thus, the effectiveness of both treatment methods is comparable. However, TAP surgery is not recommended for patients with an initial curvature of more than 60 degrees.

[Congenital penile curvature: Guidelines from the Andrology and Sexual Medicine Committee of the French Association of Urology (CAMS-AFU)]

INTRODUCTION

Guidelines regarding congenital penile curvature (CPC) are lacking, and this pathology has not been the subject of French recommendations to date. The Andrology and Sexual Medicine Committee (CAMS) of the French Association of Urology (AFU) propose a series of clinical practice recommendations (CPR) by answering five clinical questions concerning the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

After a bibliographic research between 2000 and 2021, followed by a critical reading according to the CRP method. These recommendations were written to answer five questions: (1) What are the different types of CPC? (2) What are the reasons for consultation? (3) What are the assessment methods for CPCs and their consequences? (4) What are the indications for CPCs treatment? (5) What are the corrective modalities for the treatment of CPC?

RESULTS

There are two main phenotypes: CPC type 4 (the most common) and chordee without hypospadias. The diagnosis of CPC is clinical and established through enquiry and clinical examination associated with photos of the erect penis. Support can be offered if the curvature is responsible for a disability and/or sexual dissatisfaction linked to a deformation making penetration difficult and/or in the event of significant psychological impact. Only surgical treatments have demonstrated their effectiveness. For type 4 CPCs, corporoplasty (excisional, incisional, or incisionless techniques) is the gold standard.

CONCLUSION

These recommendations provide support for the management of patients consulting with CPC.

ESSM Position Statement on Surgical Treatment of Peyronie's Disease

INTRODUCTION

Patients with Peyronie's disease may experience significat distress. The choice of treatment depends on a variety of factors, including the stage of the disease, the presence of pain, severity and direction of the curvature, penile length and the quality of erectile function.

AIM

To review the evidence associated with surgical treatment of Peyronie`s Disease and provide clinical recommendations on behalf of the European Society for Sexual Medicine. 131 peer-reviewed studies and systematic reviews, which were published from 2009 to 2019 in the English language, were included.

METHODS

MEDLINE, Google Scholar and EMBASE were searched for randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, open-label prospective and retrospective studies.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE

The panel provided statements on clinically relevant questions including patient involvement in the decision process, indications for surgery, choice of the approach, and the management of patient expectations. A comparison of the different grafts used in patients who have undergone plaque incision/excision and grafting in order to identify an ideal graft, has been carried out. The prevalence of postoperative complications has been summarized. Levels of evidence were provided according to the Oxford 2011 criteria and Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine recommendations.

RESULTS

In order to allow shared decision making, a patient preoperative counselling regarding the pros and cons of each intervention is recommended. In particular, adverse effects of surgical treatments should be discussed to set realistic understanding and expectations of surgical outcomes and ultimately improve postoperative satisfaction rates. Surgical treatment should be only offered in the chronic phase of the condition, when the deformity and/or degree of erectile dysfunction, prevent patients from engaging in satisfying sexual interaction, or if the deformity is the cause of severe bother.

CONCLUSIONS

Current European Society for Sexual Medicine recommendations cover several aspects of Peyronie's disease treatment. These recommendations aim both to ensure patients and partners have accurate and realistic expectations of their treatment options, as well as to formulate algorithms to guide clinician management pathways. Osmonov D. et al., ESSM Position Statement on Surgical Treatment of Peyronie's Disease. Sex Med 2022;10:100459.

Rotation of the corpora cavernosa for the treatment of congenital penile curvature

INTRODUCTION

Congenital penile curvature (CPC) is caused by a disorder in the embryonic development of the urethra and corpora cavernosa. The condition causes difficulty for penetration, requiring surgical correction when it prevents intercourse.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

We present the cases of 2 men in their 40s who had ventral curvature greater than 60° of 2 years of evolution, with maintained erections. The patients underwent surgery for rotation of the corpora cavernosa. After the complete denudation of the penis, athermal release of the neurovascular bundle of the penis from the ventral side to the dorsal was performed. Once the curvature was verified using artificial erection, an incision was performed in the tunica albuginea of both corpora cavernosa, continuously suturing both internal and external margins with resorbable monofilament. The rectification of the curvature was then checked, and the mucocutaneous plane was reconstructed.

RESULTS

The surgical time was 120minutes and there were no intraoperative complications. Both patients were discharged 24h after the surgery. At 1 week, the patients experienced spontaneous night-time erections and were able to maintain sexual relations 1 month after the surgery. At 6 months, the residual curvature was less than 20°, the penile shortening was less than 1 centimeter and the International Index of Erectile Function-5 was 25 for both cases.

CONCLUSIONS

Surgery for rotation of the corpora cavernosa helps correct CPC without significant penile shortening or erectile dysfunction. In our opinion, the procedure is an appropriate treatment for patients with CPC but requires studies with long-term follow-up in order to consider it the technique of choice.

[Medical and surgical treatments of congenital and acquired penile curvatures: a review]

INTRODUCTION

The aim of the current study was to provide an overview about the surgical and medical management of acquired and congenital penile's curvature.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

[corrected] A systematic review of the literature was done from the PubMed database by searching the following keywords alone or in combination: Congenital penile curvature; Congenital penile deviation; Acquired penile curvature; Acquired penile deviation; Peyronie's disease.

RESULTS

The treatment of congenital curvature is only surgical. The most common technique is the Nesbit's technique which consists in making elliptical excisions of the tunica albuginea. There are also incison or plication procedures which are efficient as well. Acquired curvature is most of the time represented by the Peyronie's disease or is post-traumatic. Among oral treatments available, the Potaba is the only drug which has proved a significant reduction in penile plaque size. Injections of interferon and nicardipine have also shown their efficacy. Ionotophoresis and extracorporeal shock-wave therapy may be beneficial for penile pain. Other therapies (vacuum, traction devices, topical Verapamil) can be interesting but other studies are necessary to recommend them. Surgical treatment is recommended during the fibrotic phase. The most common technique is also the Nesbit's technique. In case of severe curvature (curve superior to 60°), small penis, major deformations, graft techniques can be used. Moreover, if there is a sexual dysfunction, penile prosthesis is recommended.

CONCLUSION

Other studies are necessary to prove the efficacy of most of the drugs already available in the treatment of the penile curvature. It seems to be interesting to combine the different treatments to improve the results of those therapies.

Congenital penile drop: defective suspensory ligament versus severe proximal curvature, a case series

INTRODUCTION

Penile drop is a condition where the erect penis is pointing downward. It can either be congenital or posttraumatic. Congenital cases can be attributed to either a defective penile suspensory ligament (PSL) or severe congenital curvature, with the point of maximum curvature proximal, at the base of the penis, concealed within the pubic fat (proximal penile curvature [PPC]). It is important to diagnose the underlying abnormality and choose the surgical approach accordingly, considering that surgical correction of PSL defects results in shortening that can be avoided in PPC cases.

AIM

This work describes a method for discriminating PSL defects from PPC and their surgical management.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Accuracy of preoperative diagnosis and results of surgery in terms of erection angle and penile length.

METHODS

This is a retrospective study of the management of 12 male patients with congenital penile drop. Diagnostic measures were the pubic gap sign: palpation of a gap between the pubis and the penis, the straightening sign: patients with PSL defects can correct the angle of erection while contrary to PPC cases, Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM), and intraoperative trial rotation of the corpora cavernosa that will correct PPC cases and point them out. Accordingly, PSL cases were managed by anchoring the base of the penis to the pubis, while PPC cases were managed by corporal rotation.

RESULTS

Penile drop was fully corrected with shortening in PSL group and without in the PPC group. The straightening sign, SHIM, and trial rotation were in agreement contrary to the pubic gap sign.

CONCLUSION

Discriminating PSL defects from PPC is possible by the combination between "straightening sign" and SHIM results. PSL cases should be managed by anchoring sutures despite the inevitable shortening. PPC cases can be spared the shortening by corporal rotation.

The Global Online Sexuality Survey (GOSS): ejaculatory function, penile anatomy, and contraceptive usage among Arabic-speaking Internet users in the Middle East

INTRODUCTION

Sexuality is a sensitive issue that may be difficult to explore through surveys involving direct contact. Epidemiological studies in this domain are scarce. Online surveys may provide more anonymity and less direct contact encouraging participation. The Global Online Sexuality Survey (GOSS) reports on different aspects of male and female sexuality. The Global Online Sexuality Survey-Arabic-Males (GOSS-AR-M) is the Arabic version reporting on male sexuality.

AIM

To evaluate male ejaculatory function, penile size and contraceptive trends among Arabic speakers in the Middle East.

METHODS

The survey was randomly offered online to web surfers in the Middle East.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Prevalence of premature ejaculation, ejaculatory latency, penile size and their correlation with erectile function.

RESULTS

A total of 82.6% reported various degrees of premature ejaculation, associated with a statically significant decline in erectile function, despite a median intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) of 5 minutes, 95% confidence interval (CI) of 8.4-9.8. Adjusted to the World Standard Population by the World Health Organization, the collective prevalence was 83.7%. Local anesthetics gave better results and tolerance in delaying ejaculation. Self-measured erect penile length from symphysis pubis to glans was 15.6 cm ± 4.1, 95% CI = 15.4-15.9, yet, 30% were dissatisfied with size, mainly in the flaccid state, with dissatisfaction being inversely proportional with erectile function. Intrauterine device was the method mostly used by couples, and condoms had a high dissatisfaction rate.

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of premature ejaculation appears to surpass that of erectile dysfunction, despite the possibility that it may be overreported considering the acceptable IELT of the population surveyed. Premature ejaculation and concerns over genital size may be considered as risk factors for ED. More male contraceptive measures should be introduced and popularized. Alleviating dissatisfaction with condom utility via health education should be a priority.

The Global Online Sexuality Survey (GOSS): erectile dysfunction among Arabic-speaking internet users in the Middle East

INTRODUCTION

Epidemiologic studies exploring sexuality across different cultures and geographic regions are scanty, particularly from the Middle East. The Global Online Sexuality Survey (GOSS) is an Internet-based survey investigating male and female sexual function. GOSS-Arabic-Males is the Arabic version targeting males in the Middle East, exploring prevalence rate of and factors affecting erectile dysfunction and its therapeutic trends, as well as premature ejaculation, attitudes toward genital size, and contraception.

AIM

To explore epidemiologic aspects of male sexuality through an online survey.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Prevalence rate of erectile dysfunction, its relationship to risk factors, and therapeutic trends.

METHODS

The online survey was randomly offered to Web surfers in the Middle East.

RESULTS

Eight hundred four subjects completed the survey. The overall prevalence of ED was 45.1%, strongly correlating with various risk factors studied, including age, diabetes, hypertension under treatment, depression, concerns over genital size, interpersonal distress, premature ejaculation, low libido, and subjective reports of penile deviation. Adjusted to the World Standard Population, the prevalence rate for ED was 47%. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors gave a poor response among those with low libido and interpersonal distress, emphasizing the need for proper diagnosis and psychological counseling parallel to medical treatment. Furthermore, PDE inhibitors were stigmatized with unrealistic concerns that decreased their utility to a great extent.

CONCLUSION

In the study population of Arab-speaking Internet users, prevalence of erectile dysfunction and effect of risk factors have proven similar to reports from different parts of the world, though not unanimously. Premature ejaculation, low desire, concerns over penile size, and penile curvature are factors to be considered in the evaluation of ED patients. PDE inhibitors are stigmatized with false beliefs that should be addressed through mass media and counseling if this population is to take full benefit from this therapeutic option.