Concept Analysis of Similarity Applied to Nursing Diagnoses: Implications for Educators

Concept analysis: Community-based postnatal care

BACKGROUND

 Community-based postnatal care is a valuable resource in the provision of maternal and neonatal care, specifically outside the hospital environment. However, its application in maternal and neonatal care is not clearly documented in relation to the rendering of services by primary caregivers.

OBJECTIVES

 This study clarifies the concept of 'community-based postnatal care' by using the concept analysis method.

METHOD

 To analyse the concept, relevant literatures were reviewed and analysed using the Walker and Avant method, namely, selecting a concept, determining the purpose of analysis, identifying all uses of the concept, defining attributes, identifying a model case, identifying borderline, related and contrary cases, identifying antecedents and consequences and identifying the empirical referents. Characteristics that repeatedly appeared throughout the literature were noted and categorised.

RESULTS

 It was established from the concept analysis that 'community-based postnatal care' was complex and experienced ethnically. The analysis included that primary caregiver participation was based on home-levelled-skilled care, community participation and mobilisation, linkages of health services and community stakeholders. The attributes were influenced by antecedents and consequences.

CONCLUSION

 The empirical referents of community based can be integrated within the midwifery guidelines to measure the concept. When concepts are understood, self-care on early detection, early management and referral during early postnatal care will be enhanced.Contribution: The results of this study will foster independence, confidence and a respectful relationship between primary caregivers and the health care facility staff. The results are expected to guide future research and enhance community-based postnatal care in midwifery practice.

Woman-centred care in childbirth: A concept analysis (Part 1)

'Woman-centred care' in childbirth is a process in which a woman makes choices and is involved in and has control over her care and relationship with her midwife. The aim of this paper is to study the concept of woman-centred care through analysis in the context of childbirth. The attributes, antecedents and consequences of this concept are identified, and a model case, a borderline case and a contrary case constructed to achieve conceptual clarity. A concept analysis was undertaken as described by Walker and Avant (2011), with an extensive exploration of domain-specific literature and evidence from various disciplines.  It was established from the concept analysis that 'woman-centred care' was complex and experienced individualistically. The analysis indicated that mothers' participation is supposed to be based on a more collaborative relationship and partnership. Participation is exhibited by open communication and the mother's involvement in decision-making, consultation and collaboration with the attending midwife, further characterised by mutual respect and the midwife listening to the mother's views. There is also an exchange of complete and unbiased information, recognition and honouring of cultural diversity and making of informed choices. Through an inductive discovery approach and drawing on inferences, attributes were clustered in an attempt to identify the apparent essence of the concept.From the results of the concept analysis described in this study, the researchers recommend the formulation of criteria that could facilitate implementation and evaluation of woman-centred care and its empirical referents in the context of the Batho Pele principles (Part 2).