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Plants critical for Hawaiian land snail conservation: arboreal snail plant preferences in Puʻu Kukui Watershed, Maui. ORYX 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/s0030605320000873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe Hawaiian archipelago was formerly home to one of the most species-rich land snail faunas (> 752 species), with levels of endemism > 99%. Many native Hawaiian land snail species are now extinct, and the remaining fauna is vulnerable. Unfortunately, lack of information on critical habitat requirements for Hawaiian land snails limits the development of effective conservation strategies. The purpose of this study was to examine the plant host preferences of native arboreal land snails in Puʻu Kukui Watershed, West Maui, Hawaiʻi, and compare these patterns to those from similar studies on the islands of Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi. Concordant with studies on other islands, we found that four species from three diverse families of snails in Puʻu Kukui Watershed had preferences for a few species of understorey plants. These were not the most abundant canopy or mid canopy species, indicating that forests without key understorey plants may not support the few remaining lineages of native snails. Preference for Broussaisia arguta among various island endemic snails across all studies indicates that this species is important for restoration to improve snail habitat. As studies examining host plant preferences are often incongruent with studies examining snail feeding, we suggest that we are in the infancy of defining what constitutes critical habitat for most Hawaiian arboreal snails. However, our results indicate that preserving diverse native plant assemblages, particularly understorey plant species, which facilitate key interactions, is critical to the goal of conserving the remaining threatened snail fauna.
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Rollins RL, Cowie RH, Echaluse MV, Medeiros MCI. Host snail species exhibit differential Angiostrongylus cantonensis prevalence and infection intensity across an environmental gradient. Acta Trop 2021; 216:105824. [PMID: 33422544 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Diverse snail species serve as intermediate hosts of the parasitic nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the etiological agent of human neuroangiostrongyliasis. However, levels of A. cantonensis infection prevalence and intensity vary dramatically among these host species. Factors contributing to this variation are largely unknown. Environmental factors, such as precipitation and temperature, have been correlated with overall A. cantonensis infection levels in a locale, but the influence of environment on infection in individual snail species has not been addressed. We identified levels of A. cantonensis prevalence and intensity in 16 species of snails collected from 29 sites along an environmental gradient on the island of Oahu, Hawaii. The relationship between infection levels of individual species and their environment was evaluated using AIC model selection of Generalized Linear Mixed Models incorporating precipitation, temperature, and vegetation cover at each collection site. Our results indicate that different mechanisms drive parasite prevalence and intensity in the intermediate hosts. Overall, snails from rainy, cool, green sites had higher infection levels than snails from dry, hot sites with less green vegetation. Intensity increased at the same rate along the environmental gradient in all species, though at different levels, while the relation between prevalence and environmental variables depended on species. These results have implications for zoonotic transmission, as human infection is a function of infection in the intermediate hosts, ingestion of which is the main pathway of transmission. The probability of human infection is greater in locations with higher rainfall, lower temperature and more vegetation cover because of higher infection prevalence in the gastropod hosts, but this depends on the host species. Moreover, severity of neuroangiostrongyliasis symptoms is likely to be greater in locations with higher rainfall, lower temperature, and more vegetation because of the higher numbers of infectious larvae (infection intensity) in all infected snail species. This study highlights the variation of infection prevalence and intensity in individual gastropod species, the individualistic nature of interactions between host species and their environment, and the implications for human neuroangiostrongyliasis in different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi L Rollins
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawaii, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Edmondson 216, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA; Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii, 3050 Maile Way, Gilmore 408, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
| | - Robert H Cowie
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii, 3050 Maile Way, Gilmore 408, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Ma Vida Echaluse
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii, 1993 East West Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Matthew C I Medeiros
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii, 1993 East West Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
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Dedov IK, Schneppat UE, Reise H, Quang Vu M. First record of an agriolimacid slug in Southeast Asia - Deroceras laeve (O. F. Müller, 1774) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) recently introduced to the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Biodivers Data J 2020; 8:e59644. [PMID: 33328779 PMCID: PMC7728728 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.8.e59644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Several individuals of the terrestrial slug Deroceraslaeve were collected in 2018 in the Hoàng Liên Son mountain range of northern Vietnam. The three specimens which were investigated anatomically were aphallic or hemiphallic. A partial COI sequence verified the species identity. This is the first discovery of D.laeve and also of the slug family Agriolimacidae on the Indochinese Peninsula. The collecting site is situated near a cable-car station and below a tourist complex on Fansipan mountain, both of which had just been built by a Swiss-Austrian company between 2013 and 2016. This and the fact that the species had not been found elsewhere in the surrounding area, although searched for thoroughly, indicate that D.laeve is most probably a recent introduction, potentially with building material from Austria or Switzerland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivailo Kanev Dedov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, 2 Gagarin Str., Bulgaria Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia 1113, 2 Gagarin Str. Bulgaria
| | - Ulrich E Schneppat
- retired, CH-7074, Churwalden-Malix, Sennereiweg 8, Switzerland retired CH-7074, Churwalden-Malix, Sennereiweg 8 Switzerland
| | - Heike Reise
- Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Am Museum 1, 02826 Görlitz, Germany Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Am Museum 1 02826 Görlitz Germany
| | - Manh Quang Vu
- Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, 136 Xuan Thuy Rd., DHSP Cau Giay, Vietnam Hanoi National University of Education Hanoi, 136 Xuan Thuy Rd., DHSP Cau Giay Vietnam
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Kirk MA, Hays BR, Petranek CJ. The value of the species interaction-abiotic stress hypothesis (SIASH) for invasion biology: using native latitude to explain non-native latitudinal range sizes. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Amarasekare P, Simon MW. Latitudinal directionality in ectotherm invasion success. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20191411. [PMID: 32075530 PMCID: PMC7031664 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A striking pattern, seen in both fossil and extant taxa, is that tropical ectotherms are better at invading temperate habitats than vice versa. This is puzzling because tropical ectotherms, being thermal specialists, face a harsher abiotic environment and competition from temperate residents that are thermal generalists. We develop a mathematical framework to address this puzzle. We find that (i) tropical ectotherms can invade temperate habitats if they have higher consumption rates and lower mortality during warmer summers, (ii) stronger seasonal fluctuations at higher latitudes create more temporal niches, allowing coexistence of tropical invaders and temperate residents, and (iii) temperate ectotherms' failure to invade tropical habitats is due to greater mortality rather than lower competitive ability. Our framework yields predictions about population-level outcomes of invasion success based solely on species' trait responses to temperature. It provides a potential ecological explanation for why the tropics constitute both a cradle and a museum of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanga Amarasekare
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Curry PA, Yeung NW, Hayes KA, Cowie RH. The potential tropical island distribution of a temperate invasive snail, Oxychilus alliarius, modeled on its distribution in Hawaii. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02091-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yeung NW, Meyer WM, Hayes KA, Kim JR, Skelton TJ, Cowie RH. Non-native gastropods in high elevation horticultural facilities in Hawaii: a threat to native biodiversity. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-01916-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Amarasekare P, Johnson C. Evolution of Thermal Reaction Norms in Seasonally Varying Environments. Am Nat 2017; 189:E31-E45. [PMID: 28221833 DOI: 10.1086/690293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Thermal reaction norms of ectotherms exhibit a distinctive latitudinal pattern: the temperature at which performance is maximized coincides with the mean habitat temperature in tropical ectotherms but exceeds the mean temperature in temperate ectotherms. We hypothesize, on the basis of Jensen's inequality, that this pattern is driven by latitudinal variation in seasonal temperature fluctuations. We test this hypothesis with an eco-evolutionary model that integrates the quantitative genetics of reaction norm evolution with stage-structured population dynamics, which we parameterize with data from insects. We find that thermal optima of temperate and Mediterranean species evolve to exceed the mean habitat temperature if seasonal fluctuations are strong, while the thermal optimum of tropical species evolves to coincide with the mean habitat temperature if fluctuations are weak. Importantly, ecological dynamics can impose a constraint on reaction norm evolution. Tropical species cannot tolerate an increase in seasonal fluctuations at the high mean habitat temperature it experiences, while the temperate species cannot tolerate a reduction in seasonal fluctuations if the mean temperature is higher. In both cases, stochastic extinction during periods of low abundances precludes adaptation to a novel thermal environment. Our findings suggest a potential directionality in colonization success. Tropical ectotherms, because of their high thermal optima, can successfully colonize temperate habitats, while temperate ectotherms, because of their low optima, are less successful in colonizing tropical habitats.
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Rapid range expansion of an invasive predatory snail, Oxychilus alliarius (Miller 1822), and its impact on endemic Hawaiian land snails. Biol Invasions 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-016-1119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hutchinson J, Reise H, Robinson D. A biography of an invasive terrestrial slug: the spread, distribution and habitat of Deroceras invadens. NEOBIOTA 2014. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.23.7745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Trait-based plant mortality and preference for native versus non-native seedlings by invasive slug and snail herbivores in Hawaii. Biol Invasions 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-013-0636-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Horsák M, Lososová Z, Čejka T, Juřičková L, Chytrý M. Diversity and biotic homogenization of urban land-snail faunas in relation to habitat types and macroclimate in 32 central European cities. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71783. [PMID: 23936525 PMCID: PMC3735557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of non-native species invasions on community diversity and biotic homogenization have been described for various taxa in urban environments, but not for land snails. Here we relate the diversity of native and non-native land-snail urban faunas to urban habitat types and macroclimate, and analyse homogenization effects of non-native species across cities and within the main urban habitat types. Land-snail species were recorded in seven 1-ha plots in 32 cities of ten countries of Central Europe and Benelux (224 plots in total). Each plot represented one urban habitat type characterized by different management and a specific disturbance regime. For each plot, we obtained January, July and mean annual temperature and annual precipitation. Snail species were classified into either native or non-native. The effects of habitat type and macroclimate on the number of native and non-native species were analysed using generalized estimating equations; the homogenization effect of non-native species based on the Jaccard similarity index and homogenization index. We recorded 67 native and 20 non-native species. Besides being more numerous, native species also had much higher beta diversity than non-natives. There were significant differences between the studied habitat types in the numbers of native and non-native species, both of which decreased from less to heavily urbanized habitats. Macroclimate was more important for the number of non-native than native species; however in both cases the effect of climate on diversity was overridden by the effect of urban habitat type. This is the first study on urban land snails documenting that non-native land-snail species significantly contribute to homogenization among whole cities, but both the homogenization and diversification effects occur when individual habitat types are compared among cities. This indicates that the spread of non-native snail species may cause biotic homogenization, but it depends on scale and habitat type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Horsák
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Czech Republic.
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Meyer WM, Ostertag R, Cowie RH. Influence of Terrestrial Molluscs on Litter Decomposition and Nutrient Release in a Hawaiian Rain Forest. Biotropica 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wallace M. Meyer
- Center for Conservation Research and Training; Pacific Biosciences Research Center; University of Hawaii at Manoa; 3050 Maile Way, Gilmore 408 Honolulu HI 96822 U.S.A
- Department of Zoology; University of Hawaii at Manoa; 2538 McCarthy Mall, Edmonson 152 Honolulu HI 96822 U.S.A
- Department of Biology; Pomona College; 175 W Sixth St. Claremont CA 91711 U.S.A
| | - Rebecca Ostertag
- Department of Biology; University of Hawaii at Hilo; 200 W. Kawili Street Hilo HI 96720 U.S.A
| | - Robert H. Cowie
- Center for Conservation Research and Training; Pacific Biosciences Research Center; University of Hawaii at Manoa; 3050 Maile Way, Gilmore 408 Honolulu HI 96822 U.S.A
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Trophic relationships among terrestrial molluscs in a Hawaiian rain forest: analysis of carbon and nitrogen isotopes. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467411000058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Soil and adjacent leaf-litter environments support a diverse decomposer fauna. This has led to what is known as ‘the enigma of the soil fauna’, or the question of how it is possible for such large numbers of species to coexist without obvious biotic mechanisms, such as competitive exclusion, limiting coexistence (Anderson 1975). Dietary specialization or effective partitioning of food resources could be a mechanism to avoid niche overlap among sympatric soil/litter species (Chahartaghi et al. 2005, Jennings & Barkham 1975). However, unravelling the complexities of trophic relationships can be difficult, especially in soil/leaf-litter habitats where both consumers and prey are small, diverse and often unidentifiable (Scheu & Falca 2000). As such, the trophic relationships among species in these habitats typically remain unresolved.
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