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Sun ZY, Li LY, Xing JX, Tong LC, Li Y. Pretreatment with a modified St. Thomas' solution in patients with severe upper limb injuries: Four case reports. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:4914-4919. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i20.4914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to describe the application of a modified St. Thomas' solution in patients with severe limb injuries.
CASE SUMMARY Four patients who sustained a high-energy trauma and underwent complete upper limb amputation were pretreated with a modified St. Thomas' solution before upper limb replantation. After the perfusion solution stopped flowing from the blood vessel, the amputated upper limb amputation was replanted. The patients were instructed to perform functional rehabilitation training after the operation. All 4 patients were followed up for 5 years. All the severed upper limbs survived. Routine re-examination after the operation showed that the function of the affected limb was restored. All the patients were satisfied with the sensory and functional recovery of the affected limb.
CONCLUSION The modified St. Thomas' solution can effectively improve the success rate of limb salvage surgery and the recovery of limb function in patients with a severe limb injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Yi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Xin Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang-Cheng Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
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Sun ZY, Li LY, Xing JX, Tong LC, Li Y. Pretreatment with a modified St. Thomas' solution in patients with severe upper limb injuries: Four case reports. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:4926-4931. [PMID: 37583986 PMCID: PMC10424047 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i20.4926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to describe the application of a modified St. Thomas' solution in patients with severe limb injuries. CASE SUMMARY Four patients who sustained a high-energy trauma and underwent complete upper limb amputation were pretreated with a modified St. Thomas' solution before upper limb replantation. After the perfusion solution stopped flowing from the blood vessel, the amputated upper limb amputation was replanted. The patients were instructed to perform functional rehabilitation training after the operation. All 4 patients were followed up for 5 years. All the severed upper limbs survived. Routine re-examination after the operation showed that the function of the affected limb was restored. All the patients were satisfied with the sensory and functional recovery of the affected limb. CONCLUSION The modified St. Thomas' solution can effectively improve the success rate of limb salvage surgery and the recovery of limb function in patients with a severe limb injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Yi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Xin Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang-Cheng Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
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Zahran EM, Sayed AM, Alaaeldin R, Elrehany MA, Khattab AR, Abdelmohsen UR. Bioactives and functional food ingredients with promising potential for the management of cerebral and myocardial ischemia: a comprehensive mechanistic review. Food Funct 2022; 13:6859-6874. [PMID: 35698869 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00834c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia is a deadly disease featured by restricted perfusion to different organs in the body. An increase in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and cell debris is the driving force for inducing many oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic signaling pathways. However, the number of therapeutics existing for ischemic stroke patients is limited and there is insufficient data on their efficiency, which warrants the search for novel therapeutic candidates from natural sources. Herein, a comprehensive survey was done on the reported functional food bioactives (ca. 152 compounds) to manage or protect against health consequences of myocardial and cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, we reviewed the reported mechanistic studies for their anti-ischemic potential. Subsequently, network pharmacology- and in silico-based studies were conducted using the reported myocardial and cerebral ischemia-relevant molecular targets to study their complex interactions and highlight key targets in disease pathogenesis. Subsequently, the most prominent 20 compounds in the literature were used in a comprehensive in silico-based analysis (inverse docking, ΔG calculation and molecular dynamics simulation) to determine other potential targets for these compounds and their probable interactions with different signaling pathways relevant to this disease. Many functional food bioactives, belonging to different chemical classes, i.e., flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, alkaloids, iridoids and carotenoids, were proven to exhibit multifactorial effects in targeting the complex pathophysiology of ischemic conditions. These merits make them valuable therapeutic agents that can outperform the conventional drugs, and hence they can be utilized as add-ons to the conventional therapy for the management of different ischemic conditions; however, their rigorous clinical assessment is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Maher Zahran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 7 Universities Zone, New Minia 61111, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, 62513 Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Almaaqal University, 61014 Basra, Iraq
| | - Rania Alaaeldin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of pharmacy, Deraya University, University Zone, 61111 New Minia City, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrehany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of pharmacy, Deraya University, University Zone, 61111 New Minia City, Egypt
| | - Amira R Khattab
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria 1029, Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 7 Universities Zone, New Minia 61111, Egypt. .,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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Yadav A, Yadav SS, Singh S, Dabur R. Natural products: Potential therapeutic agents to prevent skeletal muscle atrophy. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 925:174995. [PMID: 35523319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The skeletal muscle (SkM) is the largest organ, which plays a vital role in controlling musculature, locomotion, body heat regulation, physical strength, and metabolism of the body. A sedentary lifestyle, aging, cachexia, denervation, immobilization, etc. Can lead to an imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation, which is further responsible for SkM atrophy (SmA). To date, the understanding of the mechanism of SkM mass loss is limited which also restricted the number of drugs to treat SmA. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel approaches to regulate muscle homeostasis. Presently, some natural products attained immense attraction to regulate SkM homeostasis. The natural products, i.e., polyphenols (resveratrol, curcumin), terpenoids (ursolic acid, tanshinone IIA, celastrol), flavonoids, alkaloids (tomatidine, magnoflorine), vitamin D, etc. exhibit strong potential against SmA. Some of these natural products have been reported to have equivalent potential to standard treatments to prevent body lean mass loss. Indeed, owing to the large complexity, diversity, and slow absorption rate of bioactive compounds made their usage quite challenging. Moreover, the use of natural products is controversial due to their partially known or elusive mechanism of action. Therefore, the present review summarizes various experimental and clinical evidence of some important bioactive compounds that shall help in the development of novel strategies to counteract SmA elicited by various causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Yadav
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Surender Singh Yadav
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Dabur
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
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Effects of Postconditioning on Skeletal Muscle Injury and Apoptosis Induced by Partial Ischemia and Reperfusion in Rats. Ann Vasc Surg 2017; 40:285-293. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2016.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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LI YUEBING, LIANG LI, CHEN WEI, PENG CHUNHUI, ZHAO ZHENGPING, HUANG ZHIGANG, WANG YONGJIAN. STUDY ON THE PROTECTION OF ISOLATED RABBIT'S PULMONARY ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY BY ADDING TANSHINONE IIA INTO LOW POTASSIUM DEXTRAN SOLUTION. J MECH MED BIOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519416500949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This study investigates the protective effect of Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) on isolated rabbit's pulmonary ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) and discusses its potential for the treatment of microcirculation disorders. Methods: We chose isolated rabbit's IRI as our experimental models, and randomly divided 24 New Zealand rabbits into two groups. For the control group (L), the lungs were perfused with Low Potassium Dextran (LPD) solution under 4[Formula: see text]C, and then it was preserved under 10[Formula: see text]C. For the experimental group (LT), the lungs were perfused and preserved with LPD[Formula: see text]Tan solution using the same approach. After the lungs have been preserved for 18[Formula: see text]h, we again perfused it for another 30 min. After reperfusion was completed, we determined the contents of SOD, NO, and MDA immediately. The wet to dry weight ratio (W/[Formula: see text] was then obtained. Finally, we use a combination of light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to observe the ultra-structural changes of lung tissues. Results: We discovered that the contents of SOD and NO in group LT were higher than that in group L ([Formula: see text]). However, the MDA and the W/D values in group LT were lower than that in group L ([Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text]). We also observed that part of the tissues has hyperemia, edema, and congestion. Under the light microscopy, the structures of the pulmonary alveoli, bronchi, and capillaries were complete. But under high-power field, group L had a more obvious phenomenon of alveolar epithelium and capillary epithelium cells swelling and hypertrophy with respect to group LT. It could be observed that in the partial tissues, erythrocytes exuded from alveoli and the interval tends to widen in the alveoli. Under transmission electron microscopy, group L is observed to have mitochondria swelling, vacuolization, and even autosome edge accumulation. Microvillus of cell Type II significantly decreased or disappeared. Blood–air barrier swelled severely and a portion of it was cracked. The phenomena above were obviously reduced for group LT. Conclusion: Our experiments confirmed that adding Tan IIA into LPD solution can reduce the isolated rabbit's IRI effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- YUEBING LI
- Department of Anesthesia, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310005, P. R. China
| | - LI LIANG
- Emergency Department, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518036, P. R. China
| | - WEI CHEN
- Department of Anesthesia, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310005, P. R. China
| | - CHUNHUI PENG
- Emergency Department, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518036, P. R. China
| | - ZHENGPING ZHAO
- Emergency Department, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518036, P. R. China
| | - ZHIGANG HUANG
- Emergency Department, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518036, P. R. China
| | - YONGJIAN WANG
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 1333, Xinhu Road, Bao'an District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518100, P. R. China
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The role of exogenous adenosine triphosphate administration for the prevention of ischemia-reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle. J Surg Res 2012; 185:e55-7. [PMID: 22857918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zhang WJ, Feng J, Zhou R, Ye LY, Liu HL, Peng L, Lou JN, Li CH. Tanshinone IIA protects the human blood-brain barrier model from leukocyte-associated hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 648:146-52. [PMID: 20826144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the in vitro effect of tanshinone IIA on leukocyte-associated hypoxia-reoxygenation injury of human brain-blood barrier (BBB), we established the BBB model by culturing purified primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVEC) to confluence on cell culture insert. BBB was identified by tight junction, transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the permeability of BBB to horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The effect of tanshinone IIA on the permeability of BBB was tested at 2 h after hypoxia and 1h after reoxygenation with or without the supernatants of activated leukocytes. The effect of tanshinone IIA on leukocytes activation was analyzed by detection of MMP-9, cytokines and reactive oxygen species. The results showed that BBB formed by confluent HBMVECs had no cellular gap. Immunofluorescent staining for ZO-1 confirmed that the cells were connected by tight junction. Moreover, the BBB model had a higher TEER and a lower permeability for HRP than confluent HUVECs. The permeability of BBB for HRP was enhanced by hypoxia-reoxygenation and further greatly enhanced by adding the supernatants of activated leukocytes before reoxygenation. But such an effect was reversed by addition of tanshinone IIA before hypoxia. Moreover, tanshinone IIA could decrease the levels of MMP-9, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-2, IFN-γ and reactive oxygen species in leukocytes. In conclusion, tanshinone IIA can protect BBB against leukocyte-associated hypoxia-reoxygenation injury by attenuating the activation of leukocytes and inhibiting the injury effects of leukocytic products. Tanshinone IIA may be a novel therapeutic agent for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-jian Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, PR China
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Eichhorn W, Blake FA, Pohlenz P, Gehrke G, Schmelzle R, Heiland M. Conditioning of myocutaneous flaps. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2009; 37:196-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2008.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2008] [Revised: 10/31/2008] [Accepted: 11/27/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Sun XF, Wang LL, Wang JK, Yang J, Zhao H, Wu BY, Wang YF, Wang L. Effects of simvastatin on lung injury induced by ischaemia-reperfusion of the hind limbs in rats. J Int Med Res 2007; 35:523-33. [PMID: 17697530 DOI: 10.1177/147323000703500412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether simvastatin reduces lung injury caused by ischaemia-reperfusion of the hind limbs in rats. The control group underwent dissection of bilateral femoral arteries; another group (I/R group) underwent ischaemia of bilateral hind limbs for 2 h followed by 3 h reperfusion; and two other groups were pretreated with 5 or 10 mg/kg per day simvastatin for 3 days and then underwent ischaemia-reperfusion. The control and I/R group rats received placebo (water) instead of simvastatin. The lungs of the I/R rats showed marked histopathological changes compared with the other groups. Lung tissue myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, neutrophil count and lung injury scores in both simvastatin groups were significantly lower than in the I/R group; 10 mg/kg per day simvastatin significantly reduced lung water content although 5 mg/kg per day did not. Expression of haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein in lung tissue was significantly greater in the simvastatin groups than in the I/R group. Simvastatin protects against lung injury associated with lower extremity ischaemia-reperfusion by reduction of neutrophil aggregation and oxidative damage, and upregulation of HO-1 expression in the injured lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Sun
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Liu YR, Qu SX, Maitz MF, Tan R, Weng J. The effect of the major components of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge on bone marrow cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 111:573-83. [PMID: 17303357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2006] [Revised: 10/29/2006] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge (SMB), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has been alleged to support bone healing. However, the effects of the isolated major components of SMB on osseous cells and their corresponding effective doses are still unclear. In the present study, the effects of three components of SMB, including tanshinone IIA (Ts), salvianolic acid B (salB) and protocatechuic aldehyde (Pca), on mesenchymal bone marrow cells with the potential for osteoblastic differentiation were investigated. Various concentrations of Ts, salB and Pca were added to a rat bone marrow cell culture. The total metabolic activity and differentiation of bone marrow cells were evaluated by a metabolic assay and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, respectively. The morphology and number of cells was observed by phase contrast microscopy and fluorescent microscopy after propidium iodide staining, respectively. Ts suppressed the growth and differentiation of bone precursor cells. SalB exhibited a biphasic effect: the high concentration of 160 microg/mL significantly depressed the population of bone marrow cells, however, lower concentrations (3-80 microg/mL) enhanced the total metabolic activity and their ALP expression. Pca suppressed the bone marrow cell population in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, SalB has the potential to ameliorate bone healing by stimulating both the total metabolic activity and ALP activity of osteoblastic cells. Aqueous extracts, which preferably contain salB over Pca and are free of Ts therefore are recommended for bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Liu
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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