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Hepatoprotective Role of Carvedilol against Ischemic Hepatitis Associated with Acute Heart Failure via Targeting miRNA-17 and Mitochondrial Dynamics-Related Proteins: An In Vivo and In Silico Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070832. [PMID: 35890131 PMCID: PMC9319470 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute heart failure (AHF) is one of the most common diseases in old age that can lead to mortality. Systemic hypoperfusion is associated with hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury, which may be irreversible. Ischemic hepatitis due to AHF has been linked to the pathogenesis of liver damage. In the present study, we extensively investigated the role of mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins and their epigenetic regulation in ischemic liver injury following AHF and explored the possible hepatoprotective role of carvedilol. The biochemical analysis revealed that the ischemic liver injury following AHF significantly elevated the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes, the level of total and direct bilirubin, and the expression of hepatic mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), dynamin-1-like protein (DNM1L), and hepatic miRNA-17. At the same time, it significantly reduced the serum albumin level, the activity of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the expression of mitochondrial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-1α (PGC-1α), and mitofusin 2 (Mtf2). The histological examination of the liver tissue revealed degenerated hepatocytes. Interestingly, administration of carvedilol either prior to or after isoprenaline-induced AHF significantly improved the liver function and reversed the deterioration effect of AHF-induced ischemic hepatitis, as demonstrated by biochemical, immunohistochemical, and histological analysis. Our results indicated that the hepatoprotective effect of carvedilol in ameliorating hepatic ischemic damage could be attributed to its ability to target the mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins (Mtf2, DNM1L and PGC-1α), but also their epigenetic regulator miRNA-17. To further explore the mode of action of carvedilol, we have investigated, in silico, the ability of carvedilol to target dynamin-1-like protein and mitochondrial dynamics protein (MID51). Our results revealed that carvedilol has a high binding affinity (−14.83 kcal/mol) toward the binding pocket of DNM1L protein. In conclusion, our study highlights the hepatoprotective pharmacological application of carvedilol to attenuate ischemic hepatitis associated with AHF.
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Viswanadha VP, Dhivya V, Beeraka NM, Huang CY, Gavryushova LV, Minyaeva NN, Chubarev VN, Mikhaleva LM, Tarasov VV, Aliev G. The protective effect of piperine against isoproterenol-induced inflammation in experimental models of myocardial toxicity. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 885:173524. [PMID: 32882215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) eventually exacerbates inflammatory response due to the release of inflammatory and pro-inflammatory factors. The aim of this study is to explore the protective efficacy of piperine supplementation against the inflammatory response in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MI. Masson Trichome staining was executed to determine myocardial tissue architecture. Immunohistochemistry was performed for IL-6, TNF-α. RT-PCR studies were performed to ascertain the gene expression of IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, eNOS, MMP-2, MMP-9, and collagen-III. Western blotting was performed to determine expression of HIF-1α, VEGF, Nrf-2, NF-ƙB, Cox-2, p-38, phospho-p38, ERK-1/2, phospho-ERK-1/2, and collagen-I. HIF-1α, VEGF, and iNOS expression were significantly upregulated with concomitant decline in eNOS expression in the heart myocardial tissue of rats received ISO alone whereas piperine pretreatment prevented these changes in ISO administered rats. Current results revealed ROS-mediated activation of MAPKs, namely, p-p38, p-ERK1/2 in the heart tissue of ISO administered group. Piperine pretreatment significantly prevented these changes in ISO treated group. NF-κB is involved in the modulation of gene expressions responsible for tissue repair. ISO-induced NF-κB-p65 expression was significantly reduced in the group pretreated with piperine and mitigated extent of myocardial inflammation. A significant increase in cardiac fibrosis upon ISO treatment was reported due to the increased hydroxyproline content, MMP-2 & 9 and upregulation of collagen-I protein compared to control group. All these cardiac hypertrophy markers were decreased in 'piperine pretreated ISO administered group' compared to group received ISO injection. Current findings concluded that piperine as a nutritional intervention could prevent inflammation of myocardium in ISO-induced MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Padma Viswanadha
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; China Medical University, Lifu Teaching Building 12F, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Velumani Dhivya
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Narasimha Murthy Beeraka
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- China Medical University, Lifu Teaching Building 12F, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Liliya V Gavryushova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky, 410012, Saratov, Russia
| | - Nina N Minyaeva
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow, 101000, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Chubarev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Liudmila M Mikhaleva
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Street Tsyurupa 3, Moscow, 117418, Russia
| | - Vadim V Tarasov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia; Research Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Street Tsyurupa 3, Moscow, 117418, Russia; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, 142432, Russia; GALLY International Research Institute, 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, #330, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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Beneficial Effect of Silymarin in Pressure Overload Induced Experimental Cardiac Hypertrophy. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2018; 19:23-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-018-9470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cystatin F involvement in adenosine A 2A receptor-mediated neuroinflammation in BV2 microglial cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6820. [PMID: 29717153 PMCID: PMC5931559 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown adenosine A2A R activation markedly promotes the expression of cystatin F (CF) and exacerbates the white matter lesions induced by hypoxic brain injuries. Thus, we hypothesized that CF was probably involved in neuroinflammation of activated microglia induced by A2A R activation. We transfected the BV2 cells with a CF shRNA vector and examined the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in hypoxic-BV2 cells in which A2A R was activated or inactivated to confirm this hypothesis. Additionally, we also investigated the probable signaling pathways involved in modulation of A2A R activation on CF expression in hypoxia-activated BV2 cells. Activation of A2A R promoted CF expression, which was significantly increased after the low glucose and hypoxia treatments in BV2 cells. CF gene knockdown markedly inhibited the increase in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by A2A R activation in hypoxic-BV2 cells. Furthermore, the increased expression of the CF induced by A2A R activation was remarkably inhibited in hypoxic-BV2 cells administrated with the PKA inhibitor H-89 and the PKC inhibitor staurosporine. Hence, these results indicate that hypoxia BV2 cells highly express CF, which is involved in A2A R activation-mediated neuroinflammation via the PKA/CREB and PKC/CREB or ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
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LIU MIHUA, LIN XIAOLONG, ZHANG YUAN, HE JUN, TAN TIANPING, WU SHAOJIAN, LIU JUN, TIAN WEI, CHEN LI, YU SHAN, LI JIAN, YUAN CONG. Hydrogen sulfide attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting reactive oxygen species-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in H9c2 cardiac myocytes. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6841-8. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Ranjani J, Pushpanathan M, Mahesh A, Niraimathi M, Gunasekaran P, Rajendhran J. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 induces distinct cell death mechanisms in H9C2 cells and its differentiated form. J Basic Microbiol 2015; 55:1191-202. [PMID: 26011149 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201500037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections in myocardium may lead to the myocardial damage, which may progress to dilated cardiomyopathy and cardiac arrest. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been reported to cause myocarditis and other systemic infections especially in immunocompromised patients. To understand the cellular responses during the establishment of infection in myocardium, we challenged differentiated H9C2 cells with P. aeruginosa PAO1. We also did comparison studies with infected undifferentiated form of H9C2 cells. Invasion studies revealed that PAO1 can invade both forms of cells and is able to survive and replicate within the host. Internalization of PAO1 was confirmed by live cell imaging and flow cytometry analysis. Though invasion of the pathogen triggered an increased ROS production in the host cells at earlier post-infection periods, it was decreased at later post-infection periods. Invasion of PAO1 induced cell death through apoptosis in differentiated H9C2 cells. Significant decrease in cell size, formation of polarized mitochondria, and nuclear fragmentation were observed in the infected differentiated cells. On the contrary, cell death preceded by multinucleation was observed in infected undifferentiated H9C2 cells. Morphological markers such as multinuclei and micro nuclei were observed. Cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase corroborates that the undifferentiated H9C2 cells experienced cell death preceded by multinucleation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jothi Ranjani
- Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthuirulan Pushpanathan
- Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ayyavu Mahesh
- IPLS Program, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marimuthu Niraimathi
- IPLS Program, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Paramasamy Gunasekaran
- Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.,Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jeyaprakash Rajendhran
- Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Biokinetically-based in vitro cardiotoxicity of residual oil fly ash: hazard identification and mechanisms of injury. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2014; 13:426-37. [PMID: 24048980 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-013-9225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have associated air pollution particulate matter (PM) exposure with adverse cardiovascular effects. Identification of causal PM sources is critically needed to support regulatory decisions to protect public health. This research examines the in vitro cardiotoxicity of bioavailable constituents of residual oil fly ash (ROFA) employing in vivo, biokinetically-based, concentrations determined from their pulmonary deposition. Pulmonary deposition of ROFA led to a rapid increase in plasma vanadium (V) levels that were prolonged in hypertensive animals without systemic inflammation. ROFA cardiotoxicity was evaluated using neonatal rat cardiomyocyte (RCM) cultures exposed to particle-free leachates of ROFA (ROFA-L) at levels present in exposed rat plasma. Cardiotoxicity was observed at low levels (3.13 μg/mL) of ROFA-L 24 h post-exposure. Dimethylthiourea (28 mM) inhibited ROFA-L-induced cytotoxicity at high (25-12.5 μg/mL) doses, suggesting that oxidative stress is responsible at high ROFA-L doses. Cardiotoxicity could not be reproduced using a V + Ni + Fe mixture or a ROFA-L depleted of these metals, suggesting that ROFA-L cardiotoxicity requires the full complement of bioavailable constituents. Susceptibility of RCMs to ROFA-L-induced cytotoxicity was increased following tyrosine phosphorylation inhibition, suggesting that phosphotyrosine signaling pathways play a critical role in regulating ROFA-L-induced cardiotoxicity. These data demonstrate that bioavailable constituents of ROFA are capable of direct adverse cardiac effects.
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Ginsenoside rb1 reduces isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:454389. [PMID: 24363767 PMCID: PMC3852087 DOI: 10.1155/2013/454389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes apoptosis can lead to heart failure. Conventional and alternative drugs, such as Chinese herbal remedies, have been developed to target cardiomyoblast cells apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), an active compound, which is isolated from Notoginseng and Ginseng on isoproterenol-(ISO-) induced apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes and its mechanism in vivo and in vitro. Rb1 reduced the ISO-induced apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes and H9c2 cells. The effect of Rb1 was significantly suppressed by H89 (inhibitor for PKA), but not by C-1 (inhibitor for PKC). Based on in-cell blot analysis, the ISO-induced PKA and PKC expressions were decreased by Rb1, which was inhibited by H89, but not by C-1. The expressions of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were decreased after treatment with both ISO and Rb1, but with no change for caspase-8. Our results indicated that Rb1 reducing ISO-induced rat cardiomyocytes apoptosis may be involved in PKA and caspase-9 pathways.
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Branco AF, Pereira SL, Moreira AC, Holy J, Sardão VA, Oliveira PJ. Isoproterenol cytotoxicity is dependent on the differentiation state of the cardiomyoblast H9c2 cell line. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2011; 11:191-203. [PMID: 21455642 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-011-9111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
H9c2 cells are used as a surrogate for cardiac cells in several toxicological studies, which are usually performed with cells in their undifferentiated state, raising questions on the applicability of the results to adult cardiomyocytes. Since H9c2 myoblasts have the capacity to differentiate into skeletal and cardiac muscle cells under different conditions, the hypothesis of the present work was that cells in different differentiation states differ in their susceptibility to toxicants. In order to test the hypothesis, the effects of the cardiotoxicant isoproterenol (ISO) were investigated. The present work demonstrates that differentiated H9c2 cells are more susceptible to ISO toxicity. Cellular content of beta(1)-adrenergic receptors (AR), beta(3)-AR, and calcineurin is decreased as cells differentiate, as opposed to the content on the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and phosphorylated p38-MAPK, which increase. After ISO treatment, the pro-apoptotic protein Bax increases in all experimental groups, although only undifferentiated myoblasts up-regulate the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Calcineurin is decreased in differentiated H9c2 cells, which suggests an important role against ISO-induced cell death. The results indicate that the differentiation state of H9c2 myoblasts influence ISO toxicity, which may involve calcineurin, p38-MAPK, and Bax/Bcl-2 alterations. The data also provide new insights into cardiovascular toxicology during early development.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenergic beta-Agonists/toxicity
- Animals
- Calcineurin/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Line
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Isoproterenol/toxicity
- Myoblasts, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myoblasts, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myoblasts, Cardiac/pathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Phosphorylation
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- Rats
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1/drug effects
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1/metabolism
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/drug effects
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/metabolism
- Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels/metabolism
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Branco
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
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Inhibition of silibinin on migration and adhesion capacity of human highly metastatic breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, by evaluation of β1-integrin and downstream molecules, Cdc42, Raf-1 and D4GDI. Med Oncol 2011; 29:2512-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-0113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Overexpression of the NHE1 isoform of the Na+/H+ exchanger causes elevated apoptosis in isolated cardiomyocytes after hypoxia/reoxygenation challenge. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 338:47-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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