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Faraji S, Rashki Ghaleno L, Sharafi M, Hezavehei M, Totonchi M, Shahverdi A, Fathi R. Gene Expression Alteration of Sperm-Associated Antigens in Human Cryopreserved Sperm. Biopreserv Biobank 2021; 19:503-510. [PMID: 34009011 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2020.0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sperm-associated antigens (SPAGs) are 18 types of proteins, some of which play important roles in various biological functions associated with assisted reproductive technology outcomes, and are consequently important to the success of fertility programs. Despite the favorable outcomes of fecundity rates among male patients with cancer using cryopreserved sperm, the detrimental impact of freezing on cells has been noted in many studies. Cryopreservation has been thought to have adverse effects on sperm quality through disruptions in the expressions of SPAG genes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cryopreservation on the expressions of SPAGs genes and their transcriptome alterations in human sperm. Materials and Methods: A total of 12 normal ejaculations were prepared using the density gradient centrifugation procedure, and the motile sperm fractions were divided into fresh and frozen groups. In the latter, sperm samples were mixed with SpermFreeze® solution as the cryoprotectant. The cryovial of sperm suspension was first held just over nitrogen vapor and then dipped inside liquid nitrogen. After 3 days, the specimens were thawed in tap water and incubated for 2 hours for recovery. Then, RNA from sperm was extracted for SPAG gene expression analysis, using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Our findings showed a decrease in expression of SPAG5 (p-value = 0.009), SPAG7 (p-value = 0.004), and SPAG12 (SNU13/NHP2L1; p-value = 0.039) genes during cryopreservation. Discussion: The results indicate that the freezing procedure could negatively affect gene expression and to some extent proteins in human spermatozoa. Conclusion: The alteration of SPAG expression could provide new information on the molecular correlation between cryopreservation and increased failure in intracytoplasmic sperm injection and in vitro fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Faraji
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Basic Science and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Rashki Ghaleno
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sharafi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hezavehei
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Totonchi
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Shahverdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Fathi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Shibahara H, Wakimoto Y, Fukui A, Hasegawa A. Anti‐sperm antibodies and reproductive failures. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 85:e13337. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.13337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Shibahara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hyogo College of Medicine Nishinomiya Japan
| | - Yu Wakimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hyogo College of Medicine Nishinomiya Japan
| | - Atsushi Fukui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hyogo College of Medicine Nishinomiya Japan
| | - Akiko Hasegawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hyogo College of Medicine Nishinomiya Japan
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Swegen A, Aitken RJ. Prospects for immunocontraception in feral horse population control: exploring novel targets for an equine fertility vaccine. Reprod Fertil Dev 2016; 28:853-863. [DOI: 10.1071/rd14280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Feral horses populate vast land areas and often induce significant ecological and economic damage throughout the landscape. Non-lethal population control methods are considered favourable in light of animal welfare, social and ethical considerations; however, no single effective, safe and species-specific contraceptive agent is currently available for use in free-ranging wild and feral horses. This review explores aspects of equine reproductive physiology that may provide avenues for the development of specific and long-lasting immunocontraceptive vaccines and some of the novel strategies that may be employed to facilitate appropriate antigen discovery in future research. Potential antigen targets pertaining to spermatozoa, the ovary and oocyte, as well as the early conceptus and its associated factors, are reviewed in the context of their suitability for immunocontraceptive vaccine development.
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Meslin C, Mugnier S, Callebaut I, Laurin M, Pascal G, Poupon A, Goudet G, Monget P. Evolution of genes involved in gamete interaction: evidence for positive selection, duplications and losses in vertebrates. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44548. [PMID: 22957080 PMCID: PMC3434135 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Genes encoding proteins involved in sperm-egg interaction and fertilization exhibit a particularly fast evolution and may participate in prezygotic species isolation [1], [2]. Some of them (ZP3, ADAM1, ADAM2, ACR and CD9) have individually been shown to evolve under positive selection [3], [4], suggesting a role of positive Darwinian selection on sperm-egg interaction. However, the genes involved in this biological function have not been systematically and exhaustively studied with an evolutionary perspective, in particular across vertebrates with internal and external fertilization. Here we show that 33 genes among the 69 that have been experimentally shown to be involved in fertilization in at least one taxon in vertebrates are under positive selection. Moreover, we identified 17 pseudogenes and 39 genes that have at least one duplicate in one species. For 15 genes, we found neither positive selection, nor gene copies or pseudogenes. Genes of teleosts, especially genes involved in sperm-oolemma fusion, appear to be more frequently under positive selection than genes of birds and eutherians. In contrast, pseudogenization, gene loss and gene gain are more frequent in eutherians. Thus, each of the 19 studied vertebrate species exhibits a unique signature characterized by gene gain and loss, as well as position of amino acids under positive selection. Reflecting these clade-specific signatures, teleosts and eutherian mammals are recovered as clades in a parsimony analysis. Interestingly the same analysis places Xenopus apart from teleosts, with which it shares the primitive external fertilization, and locates it along with amniotes (which share internal fertilization), suggesting that external or internal environmental conditions of germ cell interaction may not be the unique factors that drive the evolution of fertilization genes. Our work should improve our understanding of the fertilization process and on the establishment of reproductive barriers, for example by offering new leads for experiments on genes identified as positively selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Meslin
- UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, Nouzilly, France
- UMR6175, CNRS, Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
- IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Sylvie Mugnier
- Département Agronomie Agro-équipement Élevage Environnement, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
| | | | - Michel Laurin
- UMR 7207, CNRS/MNHN/UPMC, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Géraldine Pascal
- UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, Nouzilly, France
- UMR6175, CNRS, Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
- IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Anne Poupon
- UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, Nouzilly, France
- UMR6175, CNRS, Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
- IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Ghylène Goudet
- UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, Nouzilly, France
- UMR6175, CNRS, Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
- IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Philippe Monget
- UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, Nouzilly, France
- UMR6175, CNRS, Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
- IFCE, Nouzilly, France
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Eitel M, Guidi L, Hadrys H, Balsamo M, Schierwater B. New insights into placozoan sexual reproduction and development. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19639. [PMID: 21625556 PMCID: PMC3098260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Unraveling animal life cycles and embryonic development is basic to understanding animal biology and often sheds light on phylogenetic relationships. A key group for understanding the evolution of the Metazoa is the early branching phylum Placozoa, which has attracted rapidly increasing attention. Despite over a hundred years of placozoan research the life cycle of this enigmatic phylum remains unknown. Placozoa are a unique model system for which the nuclear genome was published before the basic biology (i.e. life cycle and development) has been unraveled. Four organismal studies have reported the development of oocytes and one genetic study has nourished the hypothesis of sexual reproduction in natural populations at least in the past. Here we report new observations on sexual reproduction and embryonic development in the Placozoa and support the hypothesis of current sexual reproduction. The regular observation of oocytes and expressed sperm markers provide support that placozoans reproduce sexually in the field. Using whole genome and EST sequences and additional cDNA cloning we identified five conserved sperm markers, characteristic for different stages in spermatogenesis. We also report details on the embryonic development up to a 128-cell stage and new ultrastructural features occurring during early development. These results suggest that sperm and oocyte generation and maturation occur in different placozoans and that clonal lineages reproduce bisexually in addition to the standard mode of vegetative reproduction. The sum of observations is best congruent with the hypothesis of a simple life cycle with an alternation of reproductive modes between bisexual and vegetative reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eitel
- Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, ITZ, Ecology and Evolution, Hannover, Germany.
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Wu H, Chen Y, Miao S, Zhang C, Zong S, Koide SS, Wang L. Sperm associated antigen 8 (SPAG8), a novel regulator of activator of CREM in testis during spermatogenesis. FEBS Lett 2010; 584:2807-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Revised: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Li R, Tang XL, Miao SY, Zong SD, Wang LF. Regulation of the G2/M phase of the cell cycle by sperm associated antigen 8 (SPAG8) protein. Cell Biochem Funct 2009; 27:264-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Garcia-Reyero N, Villeneuve DL, Kroll KJ, Liu L, Orlando EF, Watanabe KH, Sepúlveda MS, Ankley GT, Denslow ND. Expression signatures for a model androgen and antiandrogen in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) ovary. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:2614-2619. [PMID: 19452925 DOI: 10.1021/es8024484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Trenbolone, an anabolic androgen, and flutamide, an antiandrogen, are prototypical model compounds for agonism and antagonism of the androgen receptor. We hypothesized that 48 h exposures of female fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) to environmentally relevant concentrations of these chemicals would alter genes regulated by the androgen receptor and that a mixture of the two compounds would block the effects. Gene expression in the ovaries was analyzed using a fathead minnow-specific 22,000-gene microarray. Flutamide altered abouttwicethe number of genes astrenbolone, most of which appeared to be through pathways not associated with the androgen receptor. A group of 70 genes, of which we could identify 37, were reciprocally regulated by trenbolone and flutamide. These are candidates for specific biomarkers for androgen receptor mediated gene expression. Four genes stand out as specifically related to reproduction: sperm associated antigen 8 (SPAG8), CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator (CFLAR), corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (3beta-HSD). Three notable transcriptional regulators including myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homologue (MYC), Yin Yang 1 (YY1), and interferon regulator factor 1 (IRF1) may function as early molecular switches to control phenotypic changes in ovary tissue architecture and function in response to androgen or antiandrogen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natàlia Garcia-Reyero
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Abstract
Genes expressed in testes are critical to male reproductive success, affecting spermatogenesis, sperm competition, and sperm-egg interaction. Comparing the evolution of testis proteins at different taxonomic levels can reveal which genes and functional classes are targets of natural and sexual selection and whether the same genes are targets among taxa. Here we examine the evolution of testis-expressed proteins at different levels of divergence among three rodents, mouse (Mus musculus), rat (Rattus norvegicus), and deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), to identify rapidly evolving genes. Comparison of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from testes suggests that proteins with testis-specific expression evolve more rapidly on average than proteins with maximal expression in other tissues. Genes with the highest rates of evolution have a variety of functional roles including signal transduction, DNA binding, and egg-sperm interaction. Most of these rapidly evolving genes have not been identified previously as targets of selection in comparisons among more divergent mammals. To determine if these genes are evolving rapidly among closely related species, we sequenced 11 of these genes in six Peromyscus species and found evidence for positive selection in five of them. Together, these results demonstrate rapid evolution of functionally diverse testis-expressed proteins in rodents, including the identification of amino acids under lineage-specific selection in Peromyscus. Evidence for positive selection among closely related species suggests that changes in these proteins may have consequences for reproductive isolation.
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Wu JW, Wang RY, Guo QS, Xu C. Expression of the retinoic acid-metabolizing enzymes RALDH2 and CYP26b1 during mouse postnatal testis development. Asian J Androl 2008; 10:569-76. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7262.2008.00408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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11
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Kalniņa Z, Siliņa K, Meistere I, Zayakin P, Rivosh A, Ābols A, Leja M, Minenkova O, Schadendorf D, Linē A. Evaluation of T7 and lambda phage display systems for survey of autoantibody profiles in cancer patients. J Immunol Methods 2008; 334:37-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2008.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2008] [Revised: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 01/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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