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Friedlová N, Zavadil Kokáš F, Hupp TR, Vojtěšek B, Nekulová M. IFITM protein regulation and functions: Far beyond the fight against viruses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1042368. [PMID: 36466909 PMCID: PMC9716219 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1042368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are important cytokines that regulate immune responses through the activation of hundreds of genes, including interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs). This evolutionarily conserved protein family includes five functionally active homologs in humans. Despite the high sequence homology, IFITMs vary in expression, subcellular localization and function. The initially described adhesive and antiproliferative or pro-oncogenic functions of IFITM proteins were diluted by the discovery of their antiviral properties. The large set of viruses that is inhibited by these proteins is constantly expanding, as are the possible mechanisms of action. In addition to their beneficial antiviral effects, IFITM proteins are often upregulated in a broad spectrum of cancers. IFITM proteins have been linked to most hallmarks of cancer, including tumor cell proliferation, therapeutic resistance, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Recent studies have described the involvement of IFITM proteins in antitumor immunity. This review summarizes various levels of IFITM protein regulation and the physiological and pathological functions of these proteins, with an emphasis on tumorigenesis and antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nela Friedlová
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Filip Zavadil Kokáš
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ted R. Hupp
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Bořivoj Vojtěšek
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marta Nekulová
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
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Deng R, Liu B, Wang Y, Yan F, Hu S, Wang H, Wang T, Li B, Deng X, Xiang S, Yang Y, Zhang J. High Expression of the Newly Found Long Noncoding RNA Z38 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Oncogenic Activity in Breast Cancer. J Cancer 2016; 7:576-86. [PMID: 27053956 PMCID: PMC4820734 DOI: 10.7150/jca.13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has great impacts on cancer origination and progression. In the current study, a newly found lncRNA Z38, which was identified through combining experiments of suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and reverse dot-blotting, was found to have high expression in breast cancer. More importantly, inhibiting Z38 expression by gene silencing greatly suppressed breast cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, and treatment with Z38 siRNAs significantly induced cell apoptosis and inhibited tumor growth. In conclusion, the newly found lncRNA Z38, which plays important roles in breast cancer, may act as a candidate biomarker and therapeutic target in carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rilin Deng
- 1. College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Bin Liu
- 1. College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yan Wang
- 2. Department of Biological Engineering, Zunyi Medical College, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, China
| | - Feng Yan
- 3. College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
| | - Shifan Hu
- 1. College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Hongcan Wang
- 1. College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- 1. College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Bin Li
- 1. College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Xiyun Deng
- 4. Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Shuanglin Xiang
- 3. College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
| | - Yinke Yang
- 1. College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- 1. College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
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Yang M, Gao H, Chen P, Jia J, Wu S. Knockdown of interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 expression suppresses breast cancer cell growth and colony formation and affects the cell cycle. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:171-8. [PMID: 23624618 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) is an important anti-virus protein and has been recently shown to play a role in human cancer development. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the expression of the IFITM3 protein in breast cancer tissues and to investigate the in vitro effects of IFITM3 knockdown in the regulation of breast cancer cell growth and cell cycle distributions. A total of 64 patients of breast cancer and the matched normal tissue specimens were obtained for immunohistochemical analysis of IFITM3 expression. Lentivirus-carrying IFITM3 shRNA was used to knock down IFITM3 expression in breast cancer cell lines. Phenotypic changes of cell viability, growth, colony formation and cell cycle distribution was also assayed using flow cytometry, MTT, BrdU incorporation and colony formation assays. The IFITM3 protein was highly expressed in invasive breast cancer compared to normal tissues and was significantly associated with estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status. The lentivirus-carried IFITM3 shRNA significantly reduced the expression of IFITM3 mRNA and protein in breast cancer cells, inhibiting tumor cell viability, growth and colony formation, arrested tumor cells at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle and reduced the number of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. Expression of IFITM3 protein could be a potential therapeutic target in future treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
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Zhang W, Ding W, Chen Y, Feng M, Ouyang Y, Yu Y, He Z. Up-regulation of breast cancer resistance protein plays a role in HER2-mediated chemoresistance through PI3K/Akt and nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathways in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2011; 43:647-53. [PMID: 21712253 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmr050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu, also known as ErbB2) overexpression is correlated with the poor prognosis and chemoresistance in cancer. Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP and ABCG2) is a drug efflux pump responsible for multidrug resistance (MDR) in a variety of cancer cells. HER2 and BCRP are associated with poor treatment response in breast cancer patients, although the relationship between HER2 and BCRP expression is not clear. Here, we showed that transfection of HER2 into MCF7 breast cancer cells (MCF7/HER2) resulted in an up-regulation of BCRP via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. Treatment of MCF/HER2 cells with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, the IκB phosphorylation inhibitor Bay11-7082, and the dominant negative mutant of IκBα inhibited HER2-induced BCRP promoter activity. Furthermore, we found that HER2 overexpression led to an increased resistance of MCF7 cells to multiple antitumor drugs such as paclitaxel (Taxol), cisplatin (DDP), etoposide (VP-16), adriamycin (ADM), mitoxantrone (MX), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Moreover, silencing the expression of BCRP or selectively inhibiting the activity of Akt or NF-κB sensitized the MCF7/HER2 cells to these chemotherapy agents at least in part. Taken together, up-regulation of BCRP through PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway played an important role in HER2-mediated chemoresistance of MCF7 cells, and AKT, NF-κB, and BCRP pathways might serve as potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute and Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
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