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Trivedi T, Zheng Y, Fournier PGJ, Murthy S, John S, Schillo S, Dunstan CR, Mohammad KS, Zhou H, Seibel MJ, Guise TA. The vitamin D receptor is involved in the regulation of human breast cancer cell growth via a ligand-independent function in cytoplasm. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26687-26701. [PMID: 28460457 PMCID: PMC5432290 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D has pleiotropic effects on multiple tissues, including malignant tumors. Vitamin D inhibits breast cancer growth through activation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and via classical nuclear signaling pathways. Here, we demonstrate that the VDR can also function in the absence of its ligand to control behaviour of human breast cancer cells both outside and within the bone microenvironment. Stable shRNA expression was used to knock down VDR expression in MCF-7 cells, generating two VDR knockdown clonal lines. In ligand-free culture, knockdown of VDR in MCF-7 cells significantly reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis, suggesting that the VDR plays a ligand-independent role in cancer cell growth. Implantation of these VDR knockdown cells into the mammary fat pad of nude mice resulted in reduced tumor growth in vivo compared with controls. In the intra-tibial xenograft model, VDR knockdown greatly reduced the ability of the cells to form tumors in the bone microenvironment. The in vitro growth of VDR knockdown cells was rescued by the expression of a mutant form of VDR which is unable to translocate to the nucleus and hence accumulates in the cytoplasm. Thus, our data indicate that in the absence of ligand, the VDR promotes breast cancer growth both in vitro and in vivo and that cytoplasmic accumulation of VDR is sufficient to produce this effect in vitro. This new mechanism of VDR action in breast cancer cells contrasts the known anti-proliferative nuclear actions of the VDR-vitamin D ligand complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trupti Trivedi
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Yu Zheng
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Pierrick G J Fournier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Biomedical Innovation Department, Scientific Research and High Education Center from Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Sreemala Murthy
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sutha John
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Suzanne Schillo
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Colin R Dunstan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Khalid S Mohammad
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Hong Zhou
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Markus J Seibel
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Concord Hospital, Concord, Sydney, Australia
| | - Theresa A Guise
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Liu L, Hu Z, Zhang H, Hou Y, Zhang Z, Zhou G, Li B. Vitamin D postpones the progression of epithelial ovarian cancer induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenz [a] anthracene both in vitro and in vivo. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:2365-75. [PMID: 27143932 PMCID: PMC4846061 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s100581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ovarian cancer is the most lethal malignancy of the female reproductive system, and the prevention and treatment of ovarian carcinoma are still far from optimal. Epidemiological studies reported that ovarian cancer risk was inversely associated with low level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)]. Therefore, this study focuses on exploring the chemoprevention of vitamin D on epithelial ovarian cancer induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenz [a] anthracene (DMBA). Methods The mouse ovarian surface epithelial cells were isolated from estrus mice by mild trypsinization and maintained in completed culture medium by repeated passaging. The malignant transformation of mouse ovarian surface epithelial cells was induced by DMBA in vitro. DMBA was directly injected into the bursa of mouse ovary to produce optimized in vivo ovarian cancer model. Results The results indicate that 1α,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 may delay malignant transformation of mouse ovarian surface epithelial cells induced by DMBA and significantly decreased the colony formation rate from 18.4% to 3.2% (P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between incidence of DMBA-induced tumor and 25-hydroxy vitamin D level (R2=0.978, P<0.05). Vitamin D3 can delay the progression of ovarian cancer induced by DMBA, and the administration of vitamin D3 during the whole process worked more effectively than the administration only during tumor initiation or promotion. Moreover, we found the vitamin D3 increased the expression of E-cadherin and vitamin D receptor while it decreased the expression of β-catenin. Conclusion We succeeded in establishment of epithelial ovarian cancer models both in vitro and in vivo. The DMBA-implanted model in mice yields high incidence and specificity of epithelial derived tumors. We also found that vitamin D delays the progression of ovarian cancer. However, spontaneous epithelial ovarian carcinoma models are still to be explored for testing the preventive effects of vitamin D on epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Liu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- Department of Chronic Disease Management, Lishui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lishui, People's Republic of China
| | - Hemei Zhang
- Department of Chronic Disease Management, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Hou
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- Department of Labor Hygiene and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyan Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China; School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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Chirumbolo S. Commentary: Vitamin D and Pancreatic Cancer: A Pooled Analysis from the Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium. Front Oncol 2015; 5:160. [PMID: 26301200 PMCID: PMC4526798 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Stuckey A, Fischer A, Miller DH, Hillenmeyer S, Kim KK, Ritz A, Singh RK, Raphael BJ, Brard L, Brodsky AS. Integrated genomics of ovarian xenograft tumor progression and chemotherapy response. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:308. [PMID: 21781307 PMCID: PMC3155912 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecological cancer with a very poor prognosis. Xenograft mouse models have proven to be one very useful tool in testing candidate therapeutic agents and gene function in vivo. In this study we identify genes and gene networks important for the efficacy of a pre-clinical anti-tumor therapeutic, MT19c. Methods In order to understand how ovarian xenograft tumors may be growing and responding to anti-tumor therapeutics, we used genome-wide mRNA expression and DNA copy number measurements to identify key genes and pathways that may be critical for SKOV-3 xenograft tumor progression. We compared SKOV-3 xenografts treated with the ergocalciferol derived, MT19c, to untreated tumors collected at multiple time points. Cell viability assays were used to test the function of the PPARγ agonist, Rosiglitazone, on SKOV-3 cell growth. Results These data indicate that a number of known survival and growth pathways including Notch signaling and general apoptosis factors are differentially expressed in treated vs. untreated xenografts. As tumors grow, cell cycle and DNA replication genes show increased expression, consistent with faster growth. The steroid nuclear receptor, PPARγ, was significantly up-regulated in MT19c treated xenografts. Surprisingly, stimulation of PPARγ with Rosiglitazone reduced the efficacy of MT19c and cisplatin suggesting that PPARγ is regulating a survival pathway in SKOV-3 cells. To identify which genes may be important for tumor growth and treatment response, we observed that MT19c down-regulates some high copy number genes and stimulates expression of some low copy number genes suggesting that these genes are particularly important for SKOV-3 xenograft growth and survival. Conclusions We have characterized the time dependent responses of ovarian xenograft tumors to the vitamin D analog, MT19c. Our results suggest that PPARγ promotes survival for some ovarian tumor cells. We propose that a combination of regulated expression and copy number can identify genes that are likely important for chemotherapy response. Our findings suggest a new approach to identify candidate genes that are critical for anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Stuckey
- Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Program in Women’s Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants7 Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA
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Kim KK, Singh RK, Strongin RM, Moore RG, Brard L, Lange TS. Organometallic iron(III)-salophene exerts cytotoxic properties in neuroblastoma cells via MAPK activation and ROS generation. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19049. [PMID: 21559503 PMCID: PMC3084742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the specific effects of Iron(III)-salophene (Fe-SP) on viability, morphology, proliferation, cell cycle progression, ROS generation and pro-apoptotic MAPK activation in neuroblastoma (NB) cells. A NCI-DTP cancer screen revealed that Fe-SP displayed high toxicity against cell lines of different tumor origin but not tumor type-specificity. In a viability screen Fe-SP exhibited high cytotoxicity against all three NB cell lines tested. The compound caused cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, suppression of cells progressing through S phase, morphological changes, disruption of the mitochondrial membrane depolarization potential, induction of apoptotic markers as well as p38 and JNK MAPK activation, DNA degradation, and elevated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in SMS-KCNR NB cells. In contrast to Fe-SP, non-complexed salophene or Cu(II)-SP did not raise ROS levels in NB or SKOV-3 ovarian cancer control cells. Cytotoxicity of Fe-SP and activation of caspase-3, -7, PARP, pro-apoptotic p38 and JNK MAPK could be prevented by co-treatment with antioxidants suggesting ROS generation is the primary mechanism of cytotoxic action. We report here that Fe-SP is a potent growth-suppressing and cytotoxic agent for in vitro NB cell lines and, due to its high tolerance in previous animal toxicity studies, a potential therapeutic drug to treat NB tumors in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Kwang Kim
- Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants' Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KKK); (TSL)
| | - Rakesh K. Singh
- Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants' Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Robert M. Strongin
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Richard G. Moore
- Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants' Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Laurent Brard
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Thilo S. Lange
- Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Program in Women's Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants' Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KKK); (TSL)
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Brandi M. Indications on the use of vitamin D and vitamin D metabolites in clinical phenotypes. CLINICAL CASES IN MINERAL AND BONE METABOLISM : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF OSTEOPOROSIS, MINERAL METABOLISM, AND SKELETAL DISEASES 2010; 7:243-250. [PMID: 22460535 PMCID: PMC3213838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M.L. Brandi
- Address for correspondence: Maria Luisa Brandi, MD, PhD, Bone and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Viale Pieraccini 6 - 50139 Florence, Italy, Ph. 39 055 4271012, Fax 39 055 2337867, E-mail:
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Shi Y, Toms BB, Dixit N, Kumari N, Mishra L, Goodisman J, Dabrowiak JC. Cytotoxicity of Cu(II) and Zn(II) 2,2′-Bipyridyl Complexes: Dependence of IC50 on Recovery Time. Chem Res Toxicol 2010; 23:1417-26. [DOI: 10.1021/tx100126f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, CST, Rm 1-014, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, Department of Pediatrics, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Bonnie B. Toms
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, CST, Rm 1-014, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, Department of Pediatrics, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Namrata Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, CST, Rm 1-014, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, Department of Pediatrics, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Niraj Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, CST, Rm 1-014, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, Department of Pediatrics, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Lallan Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, CST, Rm 1-014, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, Department of Pediatrics, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Jerry Goodisman
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, CST, Rm 1-014, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, Department of Pediatrics, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - James C. Dabrowiak
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, CST, Rm 1-014, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, Department of Pediatrics, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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