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Hood RS, Walton MB, Innes JF. Long term outcomes of the Humeral Intracondylar Repair System for management of canine humeral intracondylar fissures and humeral condylar fractures. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1296940. [PMID: 38234987 PMCID: PMC10793381 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1296940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To document long-term client-reported clinical outcomes and complications for the Humeral Intracondylar Repair System (HIRS) for treatment of humeral intracondylar fissures (HIF) and humeral condylar fractures (HCF) in dogs. Method Data collection involved the review of clinical records and analysis of an owner questionnaire regarding complication occurrence and client-reported outcome. The "Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs" (LOAD) instrument was incorporated into the questionnaire. Results Twenty-six cases of HIF and 14 cases of HCF were included in the study, with follow-up times of over 12 months (range 13-97 months). Thirty-seven out of 40 cases reached long-term follow up: 25 out of 26 HIF cases, 11 out of 11 lateral condylar fracture cases and one out of three dicondylar fracture cases. Two cases of HIF suffered a gradual return of lameness in the long term; both dogs had concomitant medial coronoid disease. No other complications were reported in the long term. Excluding cases with concurrent issues affecting exercise, the median LOAD score at follow-up was 4 and 5 (out of 52) for HIF and HCF cases, respectively. At long-term follow-up, 36 out of 37 cases were reported to have regained "full function of the limb." Clinical significance The results of this study, together with previously reported short and medium-term outcomes, support the use of HIRS for management of humeral intracondylar fissures and humeral condylar fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S. Hood
- ChesterGates Veterinary Specialists CVS Group plc, Chester, United Kingdom
- Small Animal Teaching Hospital, University of Liverpool Leahurst Campus, Neston, United Kingdom
| | - Myles Ben Walton
- ChesterGates Veterinary Specialists CVS Group plc, Chester, United Kingdom
- Movement Referrals: Independent Veterinary Specialists, Runcorn, United Kingdom
| | - John F. Innes
- ChesterGates Veterinary Specialists CVS Group plc, Chester, United Kingdom
- Movement Referrals: Independent Veterinary Specialists, Runcorn, United Kingdom
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Burton NJ. Review of minimally invasive surgical procedures for assessment and treatment of medial coronoid process disease. Vet Surg 2023; 52:790-800. [PMID: 37592746 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the current peer-reviewed publications on minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for medial coronoid process disease (MCPD) in dogs. STUDY DESIGN Invited review. METHODS Pubmed, CAB Abstracts and Scopus databases were utilized for literature review (1990-2023). RESULTS More than 60 papers have been published that involve MIS evaluation or treatment of MCPD. Six prospective trials incorporated quantitative gait analysis evaluating outcome following MCPD debridement, of which three included a control group. Whilst case numbers were limited, all studies employing a control group failed to demonstrate superiority of surgery over nonsurgical management. Of three studies employing gait analysis and no control group, all documented some improvement in function compared to pretreatment lameness. Multiple studies document progression of osteoarthritis in dogs following MCPD debridement although this may not be synonymous with worsened function. Subtotal coronoid osteotomy (SCO) is described as an alternative to MCP fragment removal, although the long-term biomechanical consequences are currently unclear and quantitative data on the efficacy of this treatment in isolation for MCPD is awaited. CONCLUSION Arthroscopy of the canine elbow joint is a safe means by which to evaluate MCP pathology. Quantitative longitudinal analysis of outcome following minimally invasive surgery for MCPD is required. Correlation with clearly defined subclassification inclusion criteria such as age, incongruity and the precise arthroscopic findings in each case are required to more accurately differentiate any superiority of surgery over nonsurgical management for this disease.
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Seidler S, Rhode M, Volk H, Harms O. Comparative evaluation of radiographic and computed tomographic findings in dogs with bilateral medial coronoid disease (MCD) presenting with unilateral forelimb lameness. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282656. [PMID: 37036860 PMCID: PMC10085011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to compare the radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) findings of dogs with diagnosed bilateral medial coronoid disease, which showed clinically only unilateral lameness of the forelimbs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medical records, including radiographs and CT images of dogs with diagnosed bilateral MCD showing only a unilateral forelimb lameness clinically were reviewed retrospectively. Depending on the gait of each dog we established two groups to investigate their radiographs and CT data comparatively. Group I: affected non-lame limb. Group II: affected lame limb. Several evaluation systems were used to assess which factors are important for clinical decision making and a patient tailored therapeutic plan. RESULTS Data from 84 affected elbow joints (42 dogs) diagnosed with MCD by computed tomography were included. Both the radiological and the CT analysis showed that there are significant differences between Groups I and II. Group I had a lower modified International Elbow Working Group Score (IEWG), the values of the Trochlear notch sclerosis were only slightly deviated, and this group showed less often a dislocation of the fragment compared to group II. Furthermore, the size of the fragment (both the median and the mean value) of the forelimbs from group II was almost twice as big as the one from group I. The following sizes of the fragments were calculated (group I versus (vs.) group II)-median: 0.09 cm2 vs. 0.16 cm2, mean value: 0.112 cm2 vs. 0.202 cm2. It could be shown that a larger fragment is more likely to dislocate than a smaller one. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study provides some evidence towards a better understanding of which diagnostic parameters and findings might be important in clinical decision making. Nevertheless, a "decision tree" for the correct therapy of MCD could not be determined in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Seidler
- Department of Surgery/Orthopaedics, Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany
- Clinic for Small Animals, Ludwigsburg Ossweil, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Rhode
- Department of Surgery/Orthopaedics, Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany
- Tierarztpraxis für Kleintierchirurgie, Neuenrade, Nord-Rhein Westfalen, Germany
| | - Holger Volk
- Department of Surgery/Orthopaedics, Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany
| | - Oliver Harms
- Department of Surgery/Orthopaedics, Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany
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Mella S, Dirrig H, Meeson RL. Computed Tomographic Features of Non-Lame French Bulldog Elbows. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2022; 35:175-183. [PMID: 35276737 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE French Bulldogs are predisposed to humeral condylar fractures. Computed tomography (CT) in English Springer Spaniel elbows has allowed identification of humeral intracondylar fissures (HIF), which can cause lameness and predispose to condylar fractures. This study aimed to evaluate CT characteristics of non-lame French Bulldog elbows, to determine the presence of underlying elbow disease. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective evaluation of CT images from elbows of non-lame French Bulldogs from scans obtained for soft tissue or neurological evaluation was performed. Images were evaluated for the presence of HIF and other elbow abnormalities: condylar and supracondylar remodelling, humeral condylar sclerosis, elbow incongruency, medial coronoid process disease and elbow osteoarthritis. Descriptive statistics were performed. RESULTS Computed tomographic scans from 37 dogs (74 elbows) were reviewed. No HIF were identified, although 28/74 elbows had an intracondylar sclerotic band. Medial coronoid process disease was noted in 16/74 elbows, and small osteophytes were present in 21/74 elbows, suggesting a degree of subclinical elbow disease. Widening of the caudolateral aspect of the radial incisure was identified (37/74) as a breed normal. Elbow incongruency was otherwise rare. CONCLUSION Non-lame French Bulldogs showed a low prevalence of occult elbow disease but a proportion had radial incisure widening. Although humeral intracondylar sclerosis was present in over a third of dogs, no HIF were identified and therefore no clear cause for their increased risk of humeral condylar fracture was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Mella
- Department Clinical Sciences and Services, Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.,Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Leahurst campus, university of Liverpool, Neston United Kingdom
| | - Helen Dirrig
- Department Clinical Sciences and Services, Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Richard L Meeson
- Department Clinical Sciences and Services, Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
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Veksins A, Kozinda O, Sandersen C. Computed tomographic morphometry of the biceps brachii muscle tendon of dogs affected by the medial coronoid disease. Anat Histol Embryol 2019; 49:196-202. [PMID: 31709577 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to measure the biceps brachii muscle (BBM) attachment to the medial coronoid process (MCP) using computed tomography images and to compare these data between clinically healthy and dogs affected by medial coronoid disease (MCD). Computed tomography was performed in MCD-affected and healthy dogs. Multiplanar reconstruction views were obtained to measure distance (cm) of the BBM attachment point to the MCP. Results showed that the mean BBM attachment point-to-MCP was 1.42 ± 0.23 cm in MCD-affected and 1.27 ± 0.20 cm in healthy dogs, respectively. In dogs with MCD, the BBM attachment point-to-MCP was significantly more abaxial than in clinically healthy dogs (p < .001). The results of this study support the hypothesis that the BBM attachment site is more abaxial to the MCP and therefore may contribute to supraphysiological overload leading to MCD. Albeit more research is necessary, this study proves a relationship between the BBM attachment point and the development of MCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armands Veksins
- Latvia University Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Oskars Kozinda
- Latvia University Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Charlotte Sandersen
- Latvia University Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava, Latvia.,The University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
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Computed tomographic evaluation of elbow congruity during arthroscopy in a canine cadaveric model. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2017; 28:19-24. [DOI: 10.3415/vcot-14-02-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryObjective: To assess the effect of arthro-scope insertion, using a carbon-fibre rod model, on humero-radial, humero-ulnar and radio-ulnar congruity, as assessed by computed tomography (CT).Methods: Cadaveric Greyhound elbow joints were assessed at a flexion angle of 135 ± 5° using CT. For condition 1, a 36 mm fulcrum induced cubital valgus, as used to aid arthro-scope insertion. For conditions 2 and 3, a single 1.8 or 2.5 mm diameter rod was inserted under arthroscopic guidance to simulate arthroscope position for assessment of the medial coronoid process. Repeat CT scans were obtained for all conditions and parasagittal sections were reconstructed to evaluate medial, axial and lateral positions within the elbow. Humero-radial, humeroulnar, and radio-ulnar congruity measurements were obtained. Differences between groups were assessed using repeated measures analysis of variance.Results: Mean (±SD) change in radio-ulnar step between conditions 1 and 3 was 0.6 ± 0.3 mm (axial), 0.8 ± 0.6 mm (medial), and 0.5 ± 0.1 mm (lateral). Insertion of rods induced a significant decrease in radio-ulnar step in all planes. Significant differences were also identified between groups for humero-radial, humero-ulnar, and radio-ulnar congruity.Clinical significance: Insertion of carbon-fibre rods as a model for elbow arthroscope insertion induces elbow incongruity. Changes in radio-ulnar congruity are small but the effect of arthroscope diameter should be considered when assessing elbow congruity.
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Prevalence of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle and other abnormalities of the elbow in English Springer Spaniels. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2017; 25:211-6. [DOI: 10.3415/vcot-11-05-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryObjectives: To determine the prevalence of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle (IOHC) and other osseous abnormalities of the elbow in English Springer Spaniels with no history of lameness.Methods: Prospective observational study of English Springer Spaniels with no recent history of lameness. Computed tomography scans of both elbows were obtained from dogs older than six months of age which were anaesthetized or sedated for reasons unrelated to this study. Computed tomography scans were reviewed for the presence of IOHC and other abnormalities of the elbow. Radioulnar incongruity (RUI) measurements from normal elbows were compared to elbows with IOHC and elbows with medial coronoid process (MCP) abnormalities.Results: Computed tomography scans from 50 dogs (100 elbows) were reviewed. The prevalence of IOHC was 14% (8 elbows in 7 dogs). All condylar fissures were incomplete with a mean length of 2.6 mm. Fifty percent of the dogs (44% of elbows) had abnormalities of the medial coronoid process and 60% of the elbows had periarticular osteophytes. Group RUI meansurements for IOHC and MCP were not significantly different from normal elbows.Clinical significance: Small IOHC fissures, periarticular osteophytes and MCP abnormalities may be identified in English Springer Spaniels without forelimb lameness. Abnormalities of the MCP are more common than IOHC.Presented in part at the BVOA Spring Meeting, Birmingham, UK, March 2011.
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Burton NJ, Meakin L, Hosworth A, Parsons KJ. Reliability of CT measurement of induced radioulnar step in dogs using a circle superimposition technique. J Small Anim Pract 2017; 59:92-97. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. J. Burton
- Wear Referrals Veterinary Hospital; Stockton-on-Tees Durham TS21 2ES UK
| | - L. Meakin
- Langford Veterinary Services; University of Bristol, Langford House; Bristol BS40 5DU UK
| | - A. Hosworth
- Langford Veterinary Services; University of Bristol, Langford House; Bristol BS40 5DU UK
| | - K. J. Parsons
- Langford Veterinary Services; University of Bristol, Langford House; Bristol BS40 5DU UK
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Sendyk-Grunkraut A, Martín CM, Souza AN, Patrício GCF, Lorigados CA, Matera JM, Fonseca-Pinto AC. Avaliação morfológica e morfométrica da articulação umerorradioulnar em cães através de exames radiográficos e por tomografia computadorizada. PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2017000200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
RESUMO: Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar de forma detalhada dados morfológicos e morfométricos da articulação umerorradioulnar de cães de raça definida avaliados por meio de exames físicos, radiográficos e tomográficos. A amostra dessa pesquisa constituiu-se de 44 cotovelos de cães com idades variadas. Para análise de informações obtidas, o coeficiente kappa e de correlação interclasse e associação foram realizados. Constatou-se que o desempenho individual de cada projeção radiográfica teve pobre concordância com o exame tomográfico; não houve concordância entre os observadores para as mensurações do ângulo da incisura ulnar ao exame radiográfico e tomográfico. Porém houve boa/moderada concordância para mensuração da incongruência radioulnar no plano sagital entre os observadores. Concluiu-se que nenhuma das cinco incidências radiográficas foi superior para análise radiográfica, uma vez que cada projeção apresentou melhor identificação de um compartimento do cotovelo. Medidas ao exame tomográfico para incongruência radioulnar não apresentaram reprodutibilidade no plano de reconstrução frontal, entretanto no corte sagital apresentaram boa e moderada concordância entre os observadores e que a mensuração do ângulo da incisura ulnar não apresentou repetibilidade ao exame radiográfico e nem reprodutibilidade ao exame tomográfico. Esses resultados contribuem para melhor utilização de cada exame de acordo com a região a ser avaliada bem como ressaltam a necessidade da somatória de múltiplos exames de imagem para a correta avaliação desta afecção.
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Coppieters E, Van Ryssen B, van Bree H, Verhoeven G, Broeckx B, de Bakker E, Deforce D, Gielen I. COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN CANINE ELBOWS ARTHROSCOPICALLY DIAGNOSED WITH EROSION OF THE MEDIAL COMPARTMENT: AN ANALYTICAL METHOD COMPARISON STUDY. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2016; 57:572-581. [PMID: 27699921 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Medial compartment erosion is an advanced stage of medial coronoid disease, an important cause of elbow lameness in dogs, with treatment and the expected prognosis depending on the extent of the cartilage lesions. The identification of specific computed tomographic (CT) findings might facilitate the nonsurgical diagnosis and add to treatment decision making. Aims of this retrospective, analytical, method comparison study were to describe CT findings in elbows of dogs arthroscopically diagnosed with medial compartment erosion and to compare CT vs. arthroscopic findings. A total of 56 elbows met inclusion criteria. Elbows with focal (n = 13), diffuse (n = 11), and complete (n = 32) erosion were compared. Prevalence findings for CT lesions were as follows: periarticular osteophytosis (100%), abnormal shape of the medial coronoid process of the ulna (96.4%), and subchondral bone defect of the medial part of the humeral condyle (MHC; 96.4%). The three groups significantly differed for presence of medial coronoid process fragmentation, radial head subchondral bone sclerosis, and widening of the humeroulnar joint space. No significant agreement was found between CT and arthroscopy for presence of a subchondral bone defect of the MHC. A significant agreement was found between CT and arthroscopy for presence of fragmentation of the medial coronoid process. However, some of the calcified body/fragment(s) visualized on CT in the region of the medial coronoid process could not be identified via arthroscopy. Findings indicated that an accurate estimation of the extent of the elbow cartilage lesions still requires arthroscopic joint inspection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Coppieters
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium.
| | - Bernadette Van Ryssen
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
| | - Henri van Bree
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
| | - Geert Verhoeven
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
| | - Bart Broeckx
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Evelien de Bakker
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
| | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Ingrid Gielen
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
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Ballegeer EA. Computed Tomography of the Musculoskeletal System. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2016; 46:373-420, v. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Coppieters E, Seghers H, Verhoeven G, Gielen I, Samoy Y, de Bakker E, Van Ryssen B. Arthroscopic, Computed Tomography, and Radiographic Findings in 25 Dogs With Lameness After Arthroscopic Treatment of Medial Coronoid Disease. Vet Surg 2016; 45:246-53. [PMID: 26767932 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the radiographic, computed tomography (CT), and arthroscopic findings in the elbow of dogs admitted for elbow lameness after previous arthroscopic treatment of medial coronoid disease (MCD). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS Client-owned dogs (n = 25) admitted for elbow lameness after arthroscopic treatment. METHODS Clinical records (2005-2009), including radiographs, CT images, and arthroscopic findings, from the first and second presentation of dogs diagnosed with medial coronoid disease were searched and reviewed. RESULTS Twenty-nine joints were included in this study. The mean age at first treatment was 2.2 years. Second presentation was at a mean of 2.7 years later and progressive osteoarthritis and cartilage damage was noticed in all joints. Arthroscopic findings included a calcified body in 11/29 joints (38%), multiple small calcified bodies in 1/29 joint (3%), loose scar tissue in 12/29 joints (42%), and immobile scar tissue in 2/29 joints (7%). Three of 29 joints (10%) did not have any calcified body or loose scar tissue found but had erosion of the medial compartment as the only pathology diagnosed in the coronoid region. Characteristics of flexor enthesopathy were identified in 9/29 joints (31%). CONCLUSION Arthroscopic treatment of MCD, even with limited cartilage lesions, may not resolve lameness in some dogs. Calcified bodies or loose scar tissue near the medial coronoid process are a frequent followup finding in these joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Coppieters
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animals Orthopaedics, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Hanna Seghers
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animals Orthopaedics, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Geert Verhoeven
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animals Orthopaedics, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ingrid Gielen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animals Orthopaedics, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Yves Samoy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animals Orthopaedics, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Evelien de Bakker
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animals Orthopaedics, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bernadette Van Ryssen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animals Orthopaedics, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Lau SF, Theyse LF, Voorhout G, Hazewinkel HA. Radiographic, Computed Tomographic, and Arthroscopic Findings in Labrador Retrievers With Medial Coronoid Disease. Vet Surg 2014; 44:511-20. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12291.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seng Fong Lau
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Lars F.H. Theyse
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - George Voorhout
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Herman A.W. Hazewinkel
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
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Villamonte-Chevalier AA, Soler M, Sarria R, Agut A, Gielen I, Latorre R. Ultrasonographic and Anatomic Study of the Canine Elbow Joint. Vet Surg 2014; 44:485-93. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12249.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Soler
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; University of Murcia; Murcia Spain
| | - Ricardo Sarria
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy; University of Murcia; Murcia Spain
| | - Amalia Agut
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; University of Murcia; Murcia Spain
| | - Ingrid Gielen
- Department of Veterinary Medical; Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics; University of Ghent; Merelbeke Belgium
| | - Rafael Latorre
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy; University of Murcia; Murcia Spain
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Kunst CM, Pease AP, Nelson NC, Habing G, Ballegeer EA. COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC IDENTIFICATION OF DYSPLASIA AND PROGRESSION OF OSTEOARTHRITIS IN DOG ELBOWS PREVIOUSLY ASSIGNED OFA GRADES 0 AND 1. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2014; 55:511-20. [DOI: 10.1111/vru.12171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony P. Pease
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Michigan State University; East Lansing MI 48823
| | | | - Greg Habing
- Department of Veterinary Preventative Medicine; Ohio State University; Columbus OH 43210
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The early development of medial coronoid disease in growing Labrador retrievers: Radiographic, computed tomographic, necropsy and micro-computed tomographic findings. Vet J 2013; 197:724-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lappalainen AK, Mölsä S, Liman A, Snellman M, Laitinen-Vapaavuori O. Evaluation of accuracy of the Finnish elbow dysplasia screening protocol in Labrador retrievers. J Small Anim Pract 2013; 54:195-200. [PMID: 23496102 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the current Finnish screening method using a single flexed mediolateral view as scored by osteophyte is sufficient to diagnose mild elbow dysplasia in Labrador retrievers and to determine if an additional craniocaudal oblique projection would result in improvement in the screening protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirteen dogs with one mildly affected elbow joint and one elbow joint without radiological evidence of osteophytes were studied. Radiographic and computed tomography studies were performed and the results compared with each other. RESULTS Medial compartment disease was observed in 14 of 26 joints based on computed tomography. The sensitivity and specificity of the grading based mainly on osteoarthritis was 79 and 92%, respectively. A strong association existed between elbow dysplasia based on computed tomography and medial humeral epicondylar osteophytes on the craniocaudal projection. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE A single mediolateral flexed radiograph is reliable in diagnosing mild elbow dysplasia in Labrador retrievers. However, the craniocaudal oblique projection increases the specificity of the diagnosis, and it is proposed that it be included in the radiographic protocol in this breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Lappalainen
- Section of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Maddox TW, May C, Keeley BJ, McConnell JF. COMPARISON BETWEEN SHOULDER COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS IN 89 DOGS PRESENTED FOR THORACIC LIMB LAMENESS. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2013; 54:358-364. [DOI: 10.1111/vru.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W. Maddox
- Small Animal Teaching Hospital; Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool; CH64 7TE UK
| | - Chris May
- Small Animal Teaching Hospital; Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool; CH64 7TE UK
| | - Benjamin J. Keeley
- Department of Northwest Surgeons; Delamere House; Ashville Point Sutton Weaver Cheshire WA7 3FW UK
| | - J. Fraser McConnell
- Small Animal Teaching Hospital; Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool; CH64 7TE UK
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Abstract
SUMMARY The primary purpose of diagnostic imaging is to enable clinicians to make correct decisions about a patient's diagnosis and severity of its condition and, thereby, to contribute to effective and efficient treatment. Advanced imaging modalities are inherently better detectors of morphological lesions than radiography; hence, they offer the possibility of more accurate diagnosis and staging, with correspondingly better patient outcomes. However, there is a lack of evidence that better outcomes are being realised for veterinary patients. Furthermore, increased use of advanced imaging carries the possibility of increased misuse, primarily through unnecessary studies that contribute little to patient management other than increased costs. SCOPE This article is intended to be relevant to all veterinary species. Advanced imaging of cats is not sufficiently developed as a specific discipline that a balanced review could be based purely on feline examples or references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Lamb
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK.
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