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Cioffi F, Giacco A, Goglia F, Silvestri E. Bioenergetic Aspects of Mitochondrial Actions of Thyroid Hormones. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060997. [PMID: 35326451 PMCID: PMC8947633 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Much is known, but there is also much more to discover, about the actions that thyroid hormones (TH) exert on metabolism. Indeed, despite the fact that thyroid hormones are recognized as one of the most important regulators of metabolic rate, much remains to be clarified on which mechanisms control/regulate these actions. Given their actions on energy metabolism and that mitochondria are the main cellular site where metabolic transformations take place, these organelles have been the subject of extensive investigations. In relatively recent times, new knowledge concerning both thyroid hormones (such as the mechanisms of action, the existence of metabolically active TH derivatives) and the mechanisms of energy transduction such as (among others) dynamics, respiratory chain organization in supercomplexes and cristes organization, have opened new pathways of investigation in the field of the control of energy metabolism and of the mechanisms of action of TH at cellular level. In this review, we highlight the knowledge and approaches about the complex relationship between TH, including some of their derivatives, and the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Endlicher R, Drahota Z, Červinková Z. In vitro and in vivo activation of mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore using triiodothyronine. Physiol Res 2015; 65:321-31. [PMID: 26447515 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Using a novel method for evaluating mitochondrial swelling (Drahota et al. 2012a) we studied the effect of calcium (Ca(2+)), phosphate (P(i)), and triiodothyronine (T(3)) on the opening of mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore and how they interact in the activation of swelling process. We found that 0.1 mM P(i), 50 microM Ca(2+) and 25 microM T(3) when added separately increase the swelling rate to about 10 % of maximal values when all three factors are applied simultaneously. Our findings document that under experimental conditions in which Ca(2+) and P(i) are used as activating factors, the addition of T(3) doubled the rate of swelling. T(3) has also an activating effect on mitochondrial membrane potential. The T(3) activating effect was also found after in vivo application of T(3). Our data thus demonstrate that T(3) has an important role in opening the mitochondrial membrane permeability pore and activates the function of the two key physiological swelling inducers, calcium and phosphate ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Endlicher
- Department of Physiology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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SILBERBERG M, SILBERBERG R, HASLER M. Early effects of somatotrophin on the fine structure of articular cartilage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 151:297-313. [PMID: 14329189 DOI: 10.1002/ar.1091510311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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LUFT R, IKKOS D, PALMIERI G, ERNSTER L, AFZELIUS B. A case of severe hypermetabolism of nonthyroid origin with a defect in the maintenance of mitochondrial respiratory control: a correlated clinical, biochemical, and morphological study. J Clin Invest 1998; 41:1776-804. [PMID: 14467237 PMCID: PMC291101 DOI: 10.1172/jci104637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 604] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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THOMPSON TE, McLEES BD. An electrophoretic study of suspensions of intact mitochondria and fragments of mitochondrial membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 50:213-23. [PMID: 13776626 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(61)90319-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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TATA JR, ERNSTER L, SURANYI EM. Interaction between thyroid hormones and cellular constituents. I. Binding to isolated sub-cellular particles and sub-particulate fractions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 60:461-79. [PMID: 13919773 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(62)90866-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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TATA JR, ERNSTER L, LINDBERG O, ARRHENIUS E, PEDERSEN S, HEDMAN R. The action of thyroid hormones at the cell level. Biochem J 1998; 86:408-28. [PMID: 13993432 PMCID: PMC1201775 DOI: 10.1042/bj0860408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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LEHNINGER AL, NEUBERT D. Effect of oxytocin, vasopressin, and other disulfide hormones on uptake and extrusion of water by mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 47:1929-36. [PMID: 14463785 PMCID: PMC223244 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.47.12.1929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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CROFTS AR, CHAPPELL JB. CALCIUM ION ACCUMULATION AND VOLUME CHANGES OF ISOLATED LIVER MITOCHONDRIA. REVERSAL OF CALCIUM ION-INDUCED SWELLING. Biochem J 1996; 95:387-92. [PMID: 14340089 PMCID: PMC1214335 DOI: 10.1042/bj0950387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
1. The excessive accumulation of Ca(2+) by mitochondria suspended in an iso-osmotic buffered potassium chloride medium containing oxidizable substrate and phosphate led to extensive swelling and release of accumulated Ca(2+) from the mitochondria. When the Ca(2+) was removed from the medium by chelation with ethylene glycol bis(aminoethyl)tetra-acetate, the swelling was reversed in a respiration-dependent contraction. The contracted mitochondria were shown to have regained some degree of respiratory control. 2. The respiration-dependent contraction could be supported by electron transport through a restricted portion of the respiratory chain, and by substrates donating electrons at different levels in the respiratory chain. 3. Respiratory inhibitors appropriate to the substrate present completely inhibited the contraction. Uncoupling agents, and the inhibitors oligomycin and atractyloside, were without effect. 4. When the reversal of swelling had been prevented by respiratory inhibitors, the addition of ATP induced a contraction of the mitochondria. In the absence of added chelating agent the contraction was very slow. The ATP-induced contraction was completely inhibited by oligomycin and atractyloside, was incomplete in the presence of uncoupling agents and was unaffected by respiratory inhibitors. 5. The relationship between the energy requirements of respiration-dependent contraction and the requirements of ion transport and other contractile systems are discussed.
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ERNSTER L, LUFT R. MITOCHONDRIAL RESPIRATORY CONTROL: BIOCHEMICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, AND PATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 15:95-123. [PMID: 14169404 DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4831-6748-0.50008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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NEUBERT D. [EFFECT OF DRUGS ON THE ENERGY-RELEASING REACTIONS OF METABOLISM]. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1996; 246:101-32. [PMID: 14053545 DOI: 10.1007/bf00261149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shears SB, Bronk JR. Ion transport in liver mitochondria from normal and thyroxine-treated rats. J Bioenerg Biomembr 1980; 12:379-93. [PMID: 7263620 DOI: 10.1007/bf00748766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Liver mitochondria isolated from rats 24 h after a single subcutaneous injection of 8 mg thyroxine per kilogram body weight were compared with those isolated from control rats that received injections of isotonic saline at the same time. The mitochondria isolated from the thyroxine-treated rats show higher rates of energy-dependent K+ and phosphate accumulation than those from control animals. It was also found that mitochondria from the hormone-treated animals required a larger addition of Ca2+/mg mitochondrial protein in order to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation, and showed smaller tendency to swell in vitro under energizing conditions. The data obtained on ion movements support previous observations that the stimulation of the basal rate of mitochondrial respiration by thyroxine is associated with an increase in the transmembrane protonic electrochemical potential difference, and indicate the in vivo the hormone raises the intramitochondrial concentration of K+ and phosphate.
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Callas G, Cannon MS. Alterations in the fine structure of hepatocytes in hyperthyroid rats. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 1975; 181:71-81. [PMID: 1109564 DOI: 10.1002/ar.1091810106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ultrastructural investigation of liver from ten radiothyroidectomized adult male albino rats, made hyperthyroid by administration of desiccated thyroid for eight to ten weeks, revealed changes in hepatic organelles, but no differences between centrilobular, midzonal and periportal hepatocytes of a single lobule. The mitochondria were enlarged with an increase in matrix density, but no increase in number of mitochondria or alterations in membranes or cristae was observed. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum appeared slightly increased and dilated in treated rats, while stacked cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum were seldom seen. Large vacuoles, which often contained follicular material and frequently opened into the spaces of Disse, were observed at the periphery of hepatocytes. The vacuoles may arise from invaginations of the cell membrane along these spaces to increase the surface area and to act as channels for liver metabolites. Moreover, in hyperthyroid rats hepatic glycogen was uniformly depleted. Whether these changes were a primary effect of thyroid hormone or secondary to metabolic alterations is unclear.
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Schimmelpfennig K, Sauerberg M, Neubert D. Stimulation of mitochondrial RNA synthesis by thyroid hormone. FEBS Lett 1970; 10:269-272. [PMID: 11945409 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(70)80645-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Schimmelpfennig
- Pharmakologisches Institut der Freien Universität Berlin, Abteilung Embryonal-Pharmakologie, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany
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Vos O, Grant GA, Budke L. Protection against x-irradiation employing cysteamine derivatives in tissue culture and in mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1970; 18:111-26. [PMID: 5311888 DOI: 10.1080/09553007014550921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Hamburgh M. An analysis of the action of thyroid hormone on development based on in vivo and in vitro studies. Gen Comp Endocrinol 1968; 10:198-213. [PMID: 5653480 DOI: 10.1016/0016-6480(68)90027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Islam S, Reiser S, Christiansen PA. Effect of thyroid hormones on the intestinal transport of valine in vitro. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DIGESTIVE DISEASES 1968; 13:266-74. [PMID: 4171251 DOI: 10.1007/bf02236602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Hackenbrock CR. Ultrastructural bases for metabolically linked mechanical activity in mitochondria. I. Reversible ultrastructural changes with change in metabolic steady state in isolated liver mitochondria. J Cell Biol 1966; 30:269-97. [PMID: 5968972 PMCID: PMC2107001 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.30.2.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 711] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
By means of a new "quick-sampling" method, micropellets of mouse liver mitochondria were rapidly prepared for electron microscopy during the recording of steady state metabolism. Reversible ultrastructural changes were found to accompany change in metabolic steady states. The most dramatic reversible ultrastructural change occurs when ADP is added to systems in which only phosphate acceptor is deficient, i.e., during the State IV to State III transition as defined by Chance and Williams. After 15 min in State IV, mitochondria display an "orthodox" ultrastructural appearance as is usually observed after fixation within intact tissue. On transition to State III, a dramatic change in the manner of folding of the inner membrane takes place. In addition, the electron opacity of the matrix increases as the volume of the matrix decreases, but total mitochondrial volume does not appear to change during this transition. This conformation is called "condensed." Isolated mitochondria were found to oscillate between the orthodox and condensed conformations during reversible transitions between State III and State IV. Various significant ultrastructural changes in mitochondria also occur during transitions in other functional states, e.g., when substrate or substrate and acceptor is made limiting. Internal structural flexibility is discussed with respect to structural and functional integrity of isolated mitochondria. Reversible changes in the manner of folding of the inner membrane and in the manner of packing of small granules in the matrix as respiration is activated by ADP represent an ultrastructural basis for metabolically linked mechanical activity in tightly coupled mitochondria.
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Scott A, Hunter FE. Support of Thyroxine-induced Swelling of Liver Mitochondria by Generation of High Energy Intermediates at Any One of Three Sites in Electron Transport. J Biol Chem 1966. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)96802-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Azzi A, Azzone GF. Swelling and shrinkage phenomena in liver mitochondria. II. Low amplitude swelling-shrinkage cycles. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1965; 105:265-78. [PMID: 4954638 DOI: 10.1016/s0926-6593(65)80151-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Azzi A, Azzone GF. Swelling and shrinkage phenomena in liver mitochondria. I. Large amplitude swelling induced by inorganic phosphate and by ATP. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1965; 105:253-64. [PMID: 5849818 DOI: 10.1016/s0926-6593(65)80150-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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FRENCH FS, VANWYK JJ. FETAL HYPOTHYROIDISM. I. EFFECTS OF THYROXINE ON NEURAL DEVELOPMENT. II. FETAL VERSUS MATERNAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO FETAL THYROXINE REQUIREMENTS. III. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS. J Pediatr 1964; 64:589-600. [PMID: 14144759 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(64)80354-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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REUTER H. Ein Beitrag zur Erkl�rung der Erregbarkeitssteigerung des Herzens bei Thyreotoxikose. J Mol Med (Berl) 1963; 41:737-41. [PMID: 13981823 DOI: 10.1007/bf01478017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Avi-Dor Y, Lamdin E, Kaplan NO. Structural Factors in the Succinate-induced Reduction of Mitochondrial Pyridine Nucleotides. J Biol Chem 1963. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)68002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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LEHNINGER AL. Intermediate enzymatic factors in the coupling of phosphorylation to electron transport. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1962; 4:217-28. [PMID: 13929377 DOI: 10.1016/0010-406x(62)90006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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NEUBERT D, LEHNINGER AL. The effect of oligomycin, gramicidin and other antibiotics on reversal of mitochondrial swelling by adenosine triphosphate. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1962; 62:556-65. [PMID: 14479156 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(62)90238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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NEUBERT D, FOSTER GV, LEHNINGER AL. Effect of temperature on uptake and extrusion of water by isolated rat-liver mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1962; 60:492-8. [PMID: 14479155 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(62)90868-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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TATA JR, ERNSTER L, SURANYI EM. Interaction between thyroid hormones and cellular constituents. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1962; 60:480-91. [PMID: 13919772 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(62)90867-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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TATA JR, ERNSTER L, LINDBERG O. Control of basal metabolic rate by thyroid hormones and cellular function. Nature 1962; 193:1058-60. [PMID: 13919771 DOI: 10.1038/1931058a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Neubert D, Lehninger AL. The Effect of Thiols and Disulfides on Water Uptake and Extrusion by Rat Liver Mitochondria. J Biol Chem 1962. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)60399-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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WOJTCZAK L, LEHNINGER AL. Formation and disappearance of an endogenous uncoupling factor during swelling and contraction of mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1961; 51:442-56. [PMID: 14007889 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(61)90600-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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LEHNINGER AL. Ionic environment and the contraction of isolated rat-liver mitochondria by adenosine triphosphate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1961; 48:324-31. [PMID: 13760490 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(61)90481-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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